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By Engineerprof Ph/Engr. Raymart Bonete
By Engineerprof Ph/Engr. Raymart Bonete
By Engineerprof Ph/Engr. Raymart Bonete
Heat Output
𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑇𝐿 (𝑠3 − 𝑠4 ) = 𝑇𝐿 (𝑠2 − 𝑠1 )
𝑉3
𝑄𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑃3 𝑉3 ln
𝑉4
𝑇𝐿 (𝑠3 − 𝑠4 ) 𝑇𝐿 (𝑠2 − 𝑠1 )
𝑘 𝑘 𝜂𝑡ℎ = 1 − =1−
𝑆 = 𝐶: 𝑃1 𝑉1 = 𝑃4 𝑉4 𝑇𝐻 (𝑠2 − 𝑠1 ) 𝑇𝐻 (𝑠2 − 𝑠1 )
𝑘−1
𝑇1 𝑃1 𝑘
=( ) 𝑇𝐿
𝑇4 𝑃4 𝜂𝑡ℎ = 1 −
𝑇𝐻
The thermal efficiency of a Carnot cycle is
independent of the type of the working fluid used
(an ideal gas, steam, etc.) or whether the cycle is
executed in a closed or steady-flow system.
Temperatures are in absolute scale (K or R).