1. Make a comparison between synchronous and induction motors.

A three phase Synchronous motor is a doubly excited machine, whereas an induction

motor is a single excited machine.
The armature winding of the Synchronous motor is energized from an AC source and its field
winding from a DC source. The stator winding of Induction Motor is energized from an AC
source.
2. Enumerate and explain at least two applications of a synchronous motor
Some of the typical applications of high speed synchronous motors are such drives as fans,
blowers, dc generators, line shafts, centrifugal pumps, compressors, reciprocating pumps,
rubber and paper mills.
3. Different type of alternators protection
 Stator Earth Fault Protection
 Rotor Earth Fault Protection
 Unbalanced Stator Loading Protection
 Protection against Stator Overheating
 Protection against Prime Mover Failure
 Over Speed Protection
 Protection against Rotor Distortion
 Protection against Difference in Expansion between Rotating and Stationary parts
 Protection against Vibration
 Back up Protection of Generator
4. What are the conditions to be satisfied for proper synchronization of alternators?
 Phase Sequence
 Frequency
 Voltage
5. What are the disadvantages of low power factor?
The important disadvantages of low power factor are
 Higher current is required by the equipment, due to which the economic cost of the
equipment is increased.
 At low power factor, the current is high which gives rise to high copper losses in the system
and therefore the efficiency of the system is reduced.
 Higher current produced a large voltage drop in the apparatus. This results in the poor
voltage regulation.
6. What causes back EMF?
When a motor is doing work and its shaft is turning, an emf is generated. Lenz's law tells us
the emf opposes any change, so that the input emf that powers the motor will be opposed by
the motor's self-generated emf, called the back emf of the motor.
7. How the rotor of an induction motor rotates?
In a three-phase induction machine, alternating current supplied to the stator windings
energizes it to create a rotating magnetic flux. The rotor circuit is shorted and current flows in
the rotor conductors. The action of the rotating flux and the current produces a force that
generates a torque to start the motor.
8. What are the ways Power Factor Correction Methods?
Power Factor Correction Methods
Static Capacitor
Synchronous Condenser
Phase Advancer
9. What are the different between a current transformer and a potential transformer?
One of the major difference between them is that the current transformer converts the high
value of current into low value whereas the potential or voltage transformer converts the high
value of voltages into low voltage.
10. Draw phasor diagram of a potential transformer.
The phasor diagram of the potential transformer is shown in the figure below.

11. What are advantages the advantage of SF6 circuit breaker?

SF6 gas has excellent insulating, arc extinguishing and many other properties which are the
greatest advantages of SF6 circuit breakers. The gas is non-inflammable and chemically stable.
Their decomposition products are non-explosive and hence there is no risk of fire or explosion.
12. What are the conditions for parallel operation of transformer?
Necessary Conditions For Parallel Operation
One is that the Polarities of the transformers must be the same. Another condition is that the
Turn Ratio of the transformer should be equal. The voltage at full load across
the transformer internal impedance should be equal.
13. What are the different types of power generation?
Heat (thermal) energy generated from: fossil fuels; coal. petroleum. natural gas. solar thermal
energy. geothermal energy. nuclear energy.
Potential energy from falling water in a hydroelectric facility.
Wind energy.
Solar electric from solar (photovoltaic) cells.
Chemical energy from: fuel cells. batteries.
14. How does a gas turbine work?
To generate electricity, the gas turbine heats a mixture of air and fuel at very high temperatures,
causing the turbine blades to spin. The spinning turbine drives a generator that converts the
energy into electricity.
15. What are the 3 main components of gas turbine?
The gas turbine has three major sections, namely the compressor, combustor and turbine.
16. What are the main components of a Rankine Cycle?
The Rankine Cycle is composed of four key parts: the generation of high-pressure steam, a
turbine, a condenser, and a pump.
17. What is the function of economizer in steam power plant?
Economizer use the heat of exhaust steam to raise the temperature of incoming water in the
boiler.
18. What is the function of superheater in steam power plant?
Superheater is used to convert saturated steam or wet steam into superheated steam or
dry steam.
19. Draw the single line diagram of power system in bangladesh
20. Draw the basic connection diagram of protective diagram?

21. Draw the symbols of MOSFET, IGBT, BJT, GTO

22. Draw the equivalent circuit of induction motor