QDV SSHCP Y Ä: Appm-Ln-Znsâ Xncs - SP

apPm-ln-Znsâ
Xncsª-Sp¯
\qdv
sshcp²y§Ä
]cnjvIcn® c≠mw ]Xn∏v
Akvew kJm^n ]tømfn
IHSAN
(Islamic Heritage Student's Arts Network)
IPC Da-wa College, Payyoli 673522
Mujahidinte Thiranjedutha 100 Vairuddiangal (Malayalam)
Prepared by : Aslam Saqafi Payyoli (9048171939)
payyoli313@gmail.com
Published by : IHSAN (Islamic Heritage Student's Arts Network)
IPC Da-wa College, Payyoli 673522
Mob: 8281249125
Prepress : Shafipokkunnu@gmail.com (9847082313)
Printing : Printoclt@gmail.com (9349125101)
Price : Rs: 60/-
2 apPm-ln-Zns‚ Xncs™-SpØ
BapJw
aXw kwhn-[m-\n-®Xv A√m-lp-hm-Wv. AXv ]Tn-∏n-®Xv
Xncp\_n(-k)-bpw. aXw ssIamdn-h-∂Xv AXn-hn-ip-≤-cmb,
sX‰p- I ƒ hcm≥ kml- N - c y- a n- √ m- Ø {X hn]p- e - a mb
]WvUnX irwJ-ebneq-sSbm-Wv. Ah-cn¬ \n∂v aXw ]Tn®v
hf¿∂-h-cmWv kp∂n-Iƒ. hnizm-k-Ønepw I¿Ω-Ønepw
Cam-ap-I-fpsS ]n¥pW kp∂n-I-fn¬ ImWpw. F∂m¬
Akp-∂n-Iƒ Ckvem-an\p hncp-≤-am-bn- {]-am-W-ß-fpsS
s]m´pw s]mSnbpw H∏n-s®-SpØv aXw \n¿Ωn-°m≥ {ian-
®p. {]amWw t\m°n aXw ]d-bm-\p≈ k¿ń-^n-°‰v F√m-
h¿°pw Ah¿ \¬In. Aßs\ Ah¿°pƒs°m≈m≥ Ign-
bmØ hn[w AWn-Iƒ hf¿∂p. ]gb XuloZv ]pXnb
in¿°mbpw ]gb in¿°v ]pXnb Xulo-Zmbpw amdn-°-gn-
™p. ÿm]I t\Xm°fmb h°w aue-hnbpw Aam\n
aue-hnbpw ]Tn-∏n® "A√mlp' A√ C∂sØ aue-hn-
am¿°p-≈-Xv. {]m¿∞\ F¥m-sW∂p t]mepw BZy-Ime
aue-hn-am¿°-dn-bn-s√∂v B[p-\nI aue-hn-am-cpsS Is≠-
Ø¬...- kp-∂n-Iƒ Xulo-Z-dn-bm-Ø-h¿, {]m¿∞\ F¥m-
sW∂v a\- n- e m- ° m- Ø - h ¿, Im^n¿, apiv c n°v F∂v
_lfw sh®-h¿ Ct∏mƒ kz¥w t\Xm-°ƒ°p-t\sc
Ip^v d pw in¿°pw Btcm- ] n- ° p∂p. aXImcyØn¬
a\pjy≥ ssIISØnbm¬ sshcp≤yw IS∂phcpsa∂
Xn\p hy‡amb sXfnhmWnsX√mw. CamapIsf X≈n
kzw KthjWØn\ndßnbt∏mƒ hnizmkØnepw
I¿ΩØnepambn \qdp°W°n\v sshcp≤yßfmWv
auehnam¿ FgpXnhn´Xv. AXn¬ \n∂pw Xncs™SpØ
100 sshcp≤yßƒ 3
GXm\pw sshcp≤yßfmWnXns‚ D≈S°w.
CXn¬ tN¿Ø D≤cWnIƒ ]q¿Wambpw AhcpsS
{]kn≤oIcWßfn¬ \n∂v t\cn´v ]I¿ØnbXmWv.
a\pjyklPamb sX‰pIƒ CXnepw h∂n´p≠mImw.
{i≤bn¬ s]Sp∂h¿ DW¿Ønbm¬ AXv XncpØp∂
XmWv.
1-12-2012
Akvew kJm^n ]tømfn
PAYYOLI
D≈S°w
A√mlp .............................................................................................. 6
kzn^Øv hymJym\w ................................................................... 16
{]hmNI∑m¿ .................................................................................. 32
_dIsØSp°¬ ........................................................................... 38
{]m¿∞\ .......................................................................................... 44
knlvdv ................................................................................................ 49
ItÆdv ............................................................................................... 53
ae-°p-Iƒ klm-bn°psa∂ hnizmkw ............................... 60
a°m apivcn-°p-Iƒ ....................................................................... 63
Ddp°v .................................................................................................. 67
a{¥w ................................................................................................... 73
Im^ndm°¬ ................................................................................... 76
ip]m¿i ............................................................................................ 78
JpXp_bpsS `mj........................................................................ 81
kv{Xo PpapA PamAØv ........................................................... 87
kv{XoIƒ°v J_¿ knbmdØv ............................................... 94
Xdm-holv ........................................................................................... 98
aZvl-_p-Iƒ ................................................................................... 102
Jp\qØv .......................................................................................... 107
ZnIvdv l¬J: ................................................................................. 108
\nkvImcØnse ssIsI´¬ .................................................. 109
XbΩpw ............................................................................................. 111
Xe-adbv°¬ .................................................................................. 114
PwAv Jkvdv Zqc]cn[n ............................................................... 116
Xe∏mhv [cn°¬ ........................................................................ 118
kzlm-_n-Iƒ ................................................................................ 123
Cw•ojv `mjm hntcm[w........................................................... 125
\_n(kz) P\n® ZnhkØns‚ {]tXyIX ....................... 131
{]amWan√msX hn[n ]db¬ ................................................ 132
Jp¿B≥ ]mcmbW a’cw.................................................... 136
Nmen-e-I-Øns‚ ]c-ºc AhImis∏Sp∂p ..................... 140
100 sshcp≤yßƒ 5
A√mlp
A√mlp GI\mWv. \ncm{ib\mWv. k¿∆hkvXp°fpw
Ahs\ B{ibn®mWv Ignbp∂Xv. Ah\mIs´
H∂ns\bpw B{ibn°p∂n√. k¿∆ ÿeßfpw Imehpw
krjvSn®p ]cn]men°p∂ {kjvSmhmWh≥. Ah\n¬
D≠mh¬ \n¿_‘amb Ccp]Xv kzn^ØpIfpw Hcn°epw
D≠mhm≥ ]mSn√mØ Ccp]Xv kzn^ØpIfpw PmCkmb
Hcp kzn^Øpw IrXyambn Adn™v a\ nem°nbhcmWv
hnizmknIƒ. Cu hntijWßƒ°v \nc°mØ
bmsXm∂pw \ΩpsS hnizmkØn¬ D≠mbn°qS.
A√mlphn\v ÿew, Imew, CSXv, heXv, apIƒ, Xmsg,
Ahbhßƒ H∂pw Bhiyan√mØh\mWv. ÿehpw
Imehpsa√mw Ahs‚ krjvSnIfmWv. A√mlp Ahs‚
krjvSnbmb Hcp ÿeØmWv F∂v hnizkn°¬ Ah≥
\ncm{ib\mWv F∂ hntijWØns\Xncmhpsa∂pw
Ah\p Ahbhßfpw a‰p Ne\ßfpw Ds≠∂v
hcptºmƒ cq]k¶¬∏ßfnte°v hnizmkw sN∂p
tNcpsa∂pw ]dtb≠Xn√t√m. F√m ÿeßfpw
krjvSn°pw apºv D≈h\mWv A√mlp. Ah\p A¥yw
C√ F∂Xpt]mse Hcp XpS°hpan√.
BZy ]nXmhv BZw\_n(A) apX¬ A¥y\mƒ
hscbp≈ k¿∆ hnizmknIƒ°pw A√mlp H∂pXs∂
bmWv. Hcp am‰hpw D≠mhm≥ ]mSn√. F∂m¬ CamapIsf
Isømgn™v {]amWßƒ ]cntim[n®v Zo≥ Is≠Øm
\ndßnb auehnam¿ A√mlphnep≈ hnizmkØn¬
`n∂n®XmbmWv \ap°v ImWm≥ km[n°p∂Xv.
A√mlphn\p ÿetam `mKtam icoctam Ds≠∂v
hnizkn°¬ Ip^vdmsW∂v BZyImeØv ]Tn∏n®h¿
Xs∂ A√mlphn\p `mKhpw ÿehpw icochpaps≠
∂mWv Ct∏mƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. A√mlphnep≈
hnizmkØn¬ auehnam¿ ]d™psh® sshcp≤yßƒ
\nch[nbmWv. AhcpsS {]kn≤oIcWßfn¬ \n∂v
\ap°Xv hmbn°mw.
100 sshcp≤yßƒ 7
(1)
A√m-lp-hn\p `mKw Ds≠∂ hnizmkw
Ip^vdmWv
A√m-lp-hn\p `mKw, ÿew Ds≠∂ hnizmkw Ckvem-
an¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øp-t]m-Im≥ Imc-Wa - m-Ip-∂X
- m-Wv. sI.-F≥.-
Fw. apJ-]-{X-amb "A¬a-\m¿' Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√m-lp-hn\p
PUw, cq]w, `mKw, ÿew apX-emb h√Xpw Ds≠∂p hniz-
kn-°p-I, apl-ΩZv \_n°v tijw h√ {]hm-N-Icpw
Ds≠t∂m D≠m-Ip-sat∂m hniz-kn-°p-I. apX-emb h√Xpw
sNøp∂ Bsf CXn\p (Im^ndmb A\m-Nm-cn) DZm-l-c-
W-am-sb-Sp-°mw.'' (A¬ a\m¿ 1952 P\p-hcn 20)
A√m-lp-hn\v `mK-ap≠v
A√m-lp-hn\p c≠v `mK-ap-s≠∂pw c≠p `mKhpw Hcp
`mK-ØmWv F∂pw hniz-kn-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv ]p-Xnb Kth-
jWw. "A¬a-\m¿' Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√m-lp-hns‚ Ccp
ssIIfpw (C-cp-`m-Kh
- pw) he-Xp-`m-Ka
- m-Wv.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2004
Unkw_¿, t]Pv 36) 1952se Ip^vdv 2004¬ Xulo-Zm-Ip∂p.
tNmZyw: 1952¬ A√mlphn\p `mKw Ds≠∂v
hnizkn°¬ Ip^vdmsW∂Xn\pw 2004¬ A√mlphn\v 2
`mKaps≠∂pw c≠pw heXp `mKamsW∂pw
hnizkn°emWv XuloZv F∂Xn\pw Jp¿B\n¬
tcJbpt≠m? Ime∏g°w sIm≠v ssZh hnizmkØn¬
am‰w hcptam? am‰w h∂psh∂v hy‡amb ÿnXn°v
auehnamcpsS AJoZ icnbs√∂v a\ nem°m≥ h√
{]bmkhpapt≠m?
(2)
A√m-lp-hns\ Hcp ÿeØpw k¶¬∏n-°-cpXv
apPmlnZv {]ÿm\Øns‚ ]nXmhv F∂dnbs∏Sp∂
h°w auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""ssZhw Ime-tZi kw_-‘-an-
√m-Ø-h-\m-sW∂pw kIe ÿe-ßfpw ssZh-Øn\p Htc
\ne- b n- e p- ≈ - X m- s W∂pw {]tXy- I - a mbn bmsXmcp
ÿeØpw ssZhsØ k¶¬∏n-°p-hm≥ ]mSn-s√-∂p-ap-≈Xv
Ckvemw aX-Øns‚ aqe-X-Xz-ß-fn¬ s]´ kwK-Xn-I-fm-Ip-
∂p.'' (CkvemwaX kn≤m¥kw{K-lw. 1930. ]pdw 45, 46)
A√mlp BIm-i-Øn¬
Da¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""bYm¿∞-Øn¬ A√mlp
BIm-i-Øn-em-sW-∂p-≈Xv Hcp ]®-∏-c-am¿∞-am-Ip-∂p.''
(^m-Xn-l-bpsS Xoc-Øv-˛1987. t]Pv. 126,127)
tNmZyw: ssZhsØ Hcp ÿeØpw k¶¬∏n°cpsX∂
Ckvemans‚ aqeXXzsØ auehnam¿ hens®dn™Xv
Ft∏mgmWv? h°w auehn bYm¿∞ ssZh
hnizmknbmbncp∂ns√? \nßfpsS hnizmkØn¬ h°w
auehnbpsS ssZh hnizmkw icnb√t√m? ]ns∂
At±lsØ Ct∏mgpw t\Xmhmbn ]cnNbs∏SpØp∂Xv
F¥psIm≠v?
BIm-ißƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ he-Xp-ssI-bn¬

apPm-ln-Zns‚ ZAvh _pIvkv ]pd-Øn-d-°nb C_v\p
A_vZn¬ hlm-_ns‚ AØu-loZv F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬
100 sshcp≤yßƒ 9
"A√m-lp-hn\p \¬tI≠ Kmwòcyw' Fs∂m-c-[ym-b-ap-≠v.
AXn¬ Nne lZo-kp-Ifp≤-cn®v AXn¬ \n∂v Dƒs°m-
t≈≠ hnj-b-ßƒ At±lw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p: ""A√m-lp-
hns‚ Ccp Xncp-I-c-ßsf Ipdn®pw heXp ssIbn¬ BIm-
i-ßfpw CS-Xp-ssI-bn¬ `qanbpw BsW-∂p≈ hy‡-am-
°¬. CSXp ssIbn\p "inam¬' F∂ \ma-I-cWw hy‡-
am-°n-b-Xv.'' (A-Øu-loZv, t]Pv 199)
A√m-lp-hns‚ heXp ssIbn¬ A√mlp!

A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√mlp BIm-i-ØmsW-∂p-
≈- X n\v hnip≤ Jp¿- B - \ n¬ Hcp- ] mSv Bb- Ø p- I ƒ
ImWm≥ Ignbpw'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2005 G{]n¬, t]Pv 49)
tNmZyw: A√mlp BImiØnemsW∂v hnizkn°p∂
tXmsSm∏w BImiw Ahs‚ heXpIønemsW∂pw
hnizkn°Was{X. At∏mƒ A√mlp Ahs‚ heXp
Iønep≈ BImiØnemtWm? BImiw krjvSn®Xm
cmWv? AXn\p apºv A√mlp FhnsS?
(3)
A√mlp Ccp∂p F∂v hniz-kn-°-cpXv
sI.-F≥.-Fw. ]pd-Øn-d-°nb Aam\n aue-hn-bpsS Jp¿-
B≥ hnh-c-W-Øn¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p:
""A¿in¬ Ah≥ Btcm-lWw sNbvXp-sh∂ hmIy-
Øns‚ _mlym¿∞sØ am{Xw ASn-ÿm-\a - m°n A√mlp
A¿in-t∑¬ Ccn-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw a‰pw Nne Bfp-Iƒ ]d-
™n-´p-≈Xv kzoIm-cy-a√ Xs∂. A√m-lp-hns\ krjvSn-I-
tfmSv ka-s∏-Sp-Øepw Ahs‚ KpW-hn-ti-j-W-ßsf \ncm-
I-cn-°-ep-am-W-Xv.'' (hn.-Jp¿B≥ hnh-cWw. sI.-F≥.-Fw.
]pdw 1102)
Ccp∂p F∂v hnizkn°Ww

Aam\n auehn Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-`m-j-bn¬ ]Tn-∏n® Imcyw
hnh-ct- °-Sm-sW∂pw A√mlp A¿in¬ Ccn-°p-Ib - m-sW∂v
hniz-kn-°-W-sa∂pamWv Da¿ aue-hn ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv.
""knwlm-k-\-Øn¬ (A-√m-lp) Ccp∂p F∂p ]d-bm≥
]mSn-s√∂v Nne¿ ]d-bm-dp-≠v. AX-h-cpsS hnh-c-t°-Sm-Wv.
F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ Ccp∂p F∂v A√mlp ]d-™-Xm-
Wv.'' (^m-Xn-l-bpsS Xoc-Øv. ]pdw 17, sI.-F≥.-Fw.)
sI.-F≥.-Fw. ]pd-Øn-d-°p∂ hnNn-¥\w hmcn-I-bn¬
Cßs\ ImWmw. ""A√mlp Ccp∂p F∂p ]d-™m¬
Aßs\ hniz-kn-°p-I-b-√msX kz¥w bp‡n-°-\p-k-cn®v
hymJym-\n-°-cp-Xv. Ccp-∂n-ń-s√∂v ]d-bm\pw ]mSn-√.'' (hn-
Nn-¥\w 2010 G{]n¬ 9. ]pdw 5)
100 sshcp≤yßƒ 11
tNmZyw: A√mlp A¿in¬ Ccp∂p F∂v ]db¬
A√mlphns\ krjvSnItfmSv kas∏SpØemWv F∂
Aam\n auehnbpsS hnizmkw {]Imcw Da¿ auehn
aXØn\v ]pdØv. Da¿ auehnbpsS ASp°¬ Aam\nbpw
aXØn\v ]pdØv apPmlnZpIsf \nßƒ aXØn\ItØm?
]pdtØm? c≠pt]scbpw t\Xm°fmbn ]cnNbs∏Sp
Øp∂ \nßfpsS Imcyw IjvSw Xs∂!
(4)
A√m-lp-hn\v CS-Xp ssI C√
sI.-F≥.Fw apJ-]{Xw A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√mlp
Ahs‚ Hcp ssI sIm≠v `qansb apgp-h-\mbn Npcp-ń-∏n-Sn-
°pw. Ahs‚ at‰ ssI sIm≠v BIm-isØ Npcp-ń-∏n-Sn-
°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Ahs‚ c≠v ssIIfpw he-Xm-Wv. Ah-
bn¬ CS-Xn-√.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2007 sabv t]Pv 57)
A√m-lp-hn\v CS-Xp ssI D≠v

A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A¥y-Zn-\Ø - n¬ A√mlp BIm-
i-ßsf Npcp-ń-sb-Sp-°pw. ]n∂oSv Xs‚ he-XpssI sIm≠v
]nSn® tijw ]d-bpw. Rm\mWv cmPm-hv. FhnsS Al-¶m-
cn-Ifpw [n°m-cn-I-fpw. tijw `qansb Xs‚ CS-XpssI
sIm≠v Npcp-ń-∏n-Sn-°pw.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2009, P\p-hcn. t].24)
tNmZyw: A√mlphn\v CSXp ssI Ds≠∂pw Cs√∂pw
FgpXp∂Xv A¬a\mdmWv. A√mlphn\v CSXp ssI
Ds≠∂pw Cs√∂pw HtckabØv hnizkn°seßs\?
(5)
A√mlp Zqsc-bmWv F∂v
hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h≥ Im^n¿
A¬a\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""GsXm-cp-h≥ A√mlp A¿in-
t∑¬ Btcm-ln-X-\m-sW∂pw Ggm-\m-Im-i-ßƒ°v apI-fn-
em-sW∂pw krjvSn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw AI-∂m-sW∂pw AwKo-
I-cn-°p-∂n-√tbm Ah≥ Im^n-dm-Wv. ]›m-X-]n-°-Ww.
As√-¶n¬ Ahs‚ ]ncSn sh´-s∏-S-Ww.- Zn-Ωn-Iƒ°pw
apkvenw-Iƒ°pw Zp¿K‘w han-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ Ahs\ Agp-
°n-te°v Fdn-b-s∏-S-Ww.'' (A¬a\m¿ 2009 Pq¨ t]. 56)
A√mlp ASp-Øm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°Ww

A√m-lp-hns‚ hnti-jW - a
- mbn Jp¿-B\pw lZokpw ]d-
™Xv hymJym-\n-°msX _mlym¿∞-Øn¬ Xs∂ hniz-
kn-°-W-sa-∂m-Wt√m aue-hn-am-cpsS ]pXnb Is≠-Ø¬.
CX-\p-k-cn-®mWv A√mlq Zqsc-bm-sW∂v hniz-kn-®n-s√-
¶n¬ Im^n-dm-Ip-sa∂v Ah¿°v ]Tn-∏n-t°≠n h∂-Xv.
F∂m¬ Cu ]pXnb Bi- b - { ]- I mcw (A- Y hm
_mlym¿∞w Xs∂ hniz-kn-°-Ww) A√mlp Zqsc-b√
hfsc ASp-ØmWv F∂pw Ah¿°v Xs∂ ]d-tb-≠n-h∂p.
""A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: \nt∂mSv Fs‚ Zmk≥ Fs∂-∏‰n
tNmZn-®m¬ Rm≥ G‰hpw ASp-Øp-≈-h-\m-Ip∂p (F∂p
]d-bp-I).'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2004 \hw-_¿, t]Pv 11) Fw.-Fw.
AIv_¿ auehn cNn® Xulo-Zn-te°v kp∂-Øn-te°v
F∂ ]pkvXIw ImWpI:
""a\p-jy¿°v A√m-lp-hns\ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ
Ah≥ kao-]ÿ - \
- mWv F∂pw IWvT\- m-Un-sb-°mƒ ASp-
Ø-h-\mWv F∂pw Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. \nt∂mSv Fs‚
Zmk≥ Fs∂-∏‰n tNmZn-®m¬ Rm≥ (Ah¿°v G‰-hpw)
ASp-Øp-≈-h-\m-Ip∂p (F∂p ]d-bp-I) (Jp¿-B≥ 2: 186)
(Xu-lo-Zn-te°v kp∂-Øn-te-°v, t]Pv 37. sF.-F-kv.-Fw.
tIc-f)
tNmZyw: A√mlp Ggm\mImiØn\v apIfn¬
A¿int∑¬ Ccn°pIbmsW∂pw A√mlp krjvSnIfn¬
\n∂v AI∂msW∂pw Htckabw hnizkn°seßs\?
A¿ipw BImihpw krjvSnbs√? A√mlp krjvSnIfn¬
\n∂v AI∂msW∂v hnizkn°mØhs‚ ]ncSn shń
Agp°pNmen¬ X≈Wsa∂pw CtX Ipdn∏n¬ ImWp∂p.
At∏mƒ BZyw ]ncSn shń Nmen¬ Fdntb≠Xv
auehnamsc Xs∂bt√? Ah¿ Xs∂bt√ A√mlp
ASpØmsW∂pw krjvSnbmb A¿in¬
Ccn°p∂psh∂pw ]Tn∏n®Xv.
(6)
A√m-lp-hn\v PUw Ds≠∂v
hniz-kn-°¬ Ip^vdmWv
"ap_vX-Zn-Av Im^n¿' AYhm Ckvem-an¬ \n∂v ]pdØv
t]mIp∂ ]pØ≥hm-Z-Øn\v DZm-l-c-W-ambn A¬a-\m¿
Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√m-lp-hn\v PUw, cq]w, `mKw, ÿew apX-
emb h√Xpw Ds≠∂v hniz-kn-°p-I.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 1952
P\p-hcn 20)
A√m-lp-hn\p ico-caps≠∂-XmWv
ke^n hnizmkw
sI.-F≥.Fw {]kn-U-≠m-bn-cns° ac-W-a-S™ a¶S
A_vZp¬ Akokv auehn ke^n (ap-Pm-ln-Zv) {]ÿ-m-
\sØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv ImWpI: ""keô am¿Kw
AXm-bXv \_n-bp-sSbpw A\p-N-c-∑m-cp-sSbpw Ah-cpsS
]mc-ºcyw ]n¥p-Sc
- p-∂h
- c
- p-sSbpw am¿K-am-WX
- v. Ah¿ A√m-
lp-hn\v tbmPn-® hn[-Øn-ep≈ ico-chpw Ah-b-h-ßfpw
Ah-\p-s≠∂pw Ah Fß-s\-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v \ap-°-dn-
bn-s√∂pw hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv.'' (apkvenw Nn¥m {]ÿm-
\-ßƒ, bph-X, t]Pv 95)
tNmZyw: 1952 se A¬a\m¿ ^Xvh {]Imcw
A√mlphn\v icocw, Ahbhßƒ Ds≠∂v hnizkn°p∂
apPmlnZpIƒ Ckveman\v ]pdØs√?
kzn^Øv hymJym\w
A√mlphns‚ knwlmk\w, ssI, apJw F∂nßs\
_mlym¿∞w hcp∂ Jp¿B\ntem lZokntem h∂
]Zßsf AXns‚ Dt±iyw A√mlphn\v am{Xta Adnbq
F∂p ]d™v Ah\n¬ Xs∂ `cta¬∏n°pItbm, "A¿iv'
F∂m¬ A[nImcØns‚ ASbmfamsW∂pw "hPvlv'
F∂m¬ kØ F∂pw "bZv' F∂m¬ Ignhv F∂pw
hymJym\n°pItbm BWv th≠Xv F∂mWv ]WvUnX
]£w. apPmlnZv auehnamcpw CtX A`n{]mbØn¬
Xs∂bmbncp∂p BZyImew. ]n¬°meØv hymJym\w
kzn^Øv \ntj[amsW∂pw _mlym¿∞Øn¬
hnizkn®v ]e ]ng® hmZØnepw Ah¿ FØns∏´p.
am{Xa√ hymJym\w kzn^Øv \ntj[amWv ]mSn√ F\v
hmZn®h¿ Xs∂ hymJym\n®v kzbw kzn^Øv
\ntj[nbmbn amdp∂Xv ImWmw.
(7)
kzn^Øns\ hymJym\n°¬
kzn^Xv \ntj-[-amWv
A√m-lp-hns‚ kzn^-Xp-Isf (hn-ti-jW - ß
- ƒ) hymJym-
\n-°p-∂Xv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ \ntj-[-amWv F∂mWv apPm-
ln-Zp-Iƒ Ct∏mƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ""A√m-lp-hn\p hnip≤
Jp¿-B-\nepw kzlo-lmb lZo-kp-I-fnepw ]d™ hnti-
j-Wß - sf AXns‚ bmYm¿∞y-ßf - n¬ \n∂p am‰n as‰mcp
Imcy- a m°n kzbw hymJym- \ n- ° pI CXn\p kzn^Xv
\ntj[w F∂p Xs∂-bmWv aX-sØ-∏‰n hnh-c-ap≈
GsXm-cmfpw ]d-bp-I.'' (hnNn-¥\w 2010 Pq¨ 4, t]Pv 10)
hymJym-\n-°Ww: h°w auehn

F∂m¬ kzn^Xv hymJym\w kzn^Xv \ntj-[-a-s√-
∂mWv h°w auehn apºv ]Tn-∏n-®X - v. At±lw Fgp-Xp∂p:
""_p≤n°v Akw-`h - y-ambn ImWp∂ _mlym¿∞-tØmSv
IqSnb h√ hmIy-ßfpw Jp¿-B-\ntem lZo-kntem ImWp-
∂-Xm-bm¬ B _mlym¿∞-a√ AhnsS Dt±-in-°-s∏-ń-cn-
°p-∂-sX∂pw _p≤n \ntj-[n-°mØ GtXm A¿∞w
AhnsSbps≠∂pw \n›-bn-°W - s- a-∂p-amWv aX-kn-≤m-¥w.
C{]-Im-c-ap≈ hN-\-ßsf Ipdn®v aXm-Nm-cy-∑m-cmb De-
am-°-fp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ c≠v ]£-ap-≠v. H∂v B hN-\-ßƒ°v
_p≤n°v hntcm-[-an-√mØ A¿∞w D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw
F∂m¬ AXv \ap°v Zp¿{K-la - m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw AXn-\m¬
B `mKw ssZh-Øn¬ ka¿∏n®v hnt´-°W - s
- a-∂p-am-Wv. CXv
]q¿∆-∑m-cmb De-am-°-fpsS (k-e-^n-s‚) ]£-am-Ip-∂p.
]n¬°m-esØ De-am-°-fpsS ]£w B `mKsØ `mjm-
\n-b-a-a\p-k-cn®v hymJym-\n®v _p≤n°v hntcm-[-an-√mØ
A¿∞sØ k¶¬∏n- ° - W - s a- ∂ m- W v . '' (Ckv e mwaX
kn≤m¥ kw{K-lw, h°w aue-hn, t]Pv 62)
Aam\n hymJym-\n-°p∂p
sI.-F≥.-Fw. HutZym-KnI ]cn-`m-jb
- n¬ Aam\n auehn
hymJym-\n-®Xv IqSn ImWpI:
""Imcyw Kuc-h-Øn-se-Øp∂ Znhkw'' 68/42 (]-cn-`m-j.
t]Pv 3392) ""bua bpIvi^p A≥kmJv'' F∂ kq‡-sØ-
bmWv ta¬ ]d™ {]Imcw Aam\n hymJym-\n-®-Xv.
Ct∏mƒ Cu kq‡- Ø ns‚ _mlym¿∞w ]nSn- ® p-
sIm≠mWv aue-hn-am¿ A√m-lp-hn\p IW-¶m¬ Ds≠∂v
hmZn-°p-∂Xv. ""A√m-lp-hn\p IW-¶m¬ Ds≠∂v hniz-kn-
°¬ \ap°v \n¿_-‘a - m-Wv. IW-¶m¬ shfn-hm-°s
- ∏-Sp∂
Hcp Znh-ksØ \nßƒ Hm¿°p-I. 68/42'' (hn-izm-k-Im-cy-
ßƒ A√m-lp, sI.-F≥.-Fw, t]. 203)
tNmZyw: A√mlphn\v IW¶meps≠∂Xn\v auehnam¿
Ct∏mƒ Is≠Ønb kq‡sØ Aam\n auehn
hymJym\n®p ]d™Xv "Imcyw KuchØnseØp∂
Znhkw' F∂mWv . Aam\n kzn^Øv \ntj[nbmbn
Ckv e man\v ]pdØpt]mb ap¿Ø±mtWm? kzn^Øv
\ntj[w ]Tn∏n°p∂ Aam\nbpsS Jp¿B≥ ]cn`mj
sIF≥FΩns‚ B[nImcnI Jp¿B≥ hnhcWamb
sXßs\? Aam\n auehnbpsS hnizmkØn¬
A√mlphn\v IW¶men√. Ct∏mƒ auehnam¿ ]dbp∂p
A√mlphn\v IW¶meps≠∂v! \DuZp_n√mlv.... C{X
]ng® hnizmkØn¬ \n∂v A√mlp \sΩ kwc£n°s´.
(8)
hymJym\w _p≤n-iq-\y-sa∂v sI.]n
sI.-F≥.Fw ap≥ P\-d¬ sk{I-´-dn- sI.]n apl-ΩZv
_n≥ AlvaZv auehn A√m-lp-hns‚ kzn^m-Øp-Isf
hymJym-\n-°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂v Fgp-Xn-bXv ImWpI: ""A√m-
lphpw dkqepw A√m-lp-hn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p≈ \ma-hn-ti-
j-W-ßƒ°v \mw kz¥-amb hymJym-\-Øn-eqsS Hcm-ibw
\n\-®p-≠m-°p-∂Xv F{X _p≤n-iq\yw! \mw \ncq-]n®
A¿∞-amWv A√mlp Dt±-in-®Xv F∂-Xn\v bmsXmcp sXfn-
hp-an-√-t√m. AXv A√mlp Dt±-in-®n-ń-√m-ØXpw \ΩpsS
tIh-em-\p-am-\hpw am{X-am-bn-cn-°m≥ km[yX IqSp-∂p.
F¶n¬ \mw hºn® Btcm-]-W-at√ A√m-lp-hns‚ ta¬
\S-Øp-∂-Xv. AXv henb sX‰m-sW-∂-Xn¬ ]£m-¥-c-an-
√..... F∂m¬ ]n¬°me ]WvUn-X-∑m-cn¬ ]ecpw A√m-
lp- h ns‚ \ma- h n- t i- j - W - ß sf hymJym- \ n- ° p- ∂ - X n¬
CØcw A_-≤Ø - n¬ (A-dnt™m Adn-bm-sX-tbm) sN∂p-
Nm-Sn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ ]e¿°pw kZp-t±-i-am-Wp-≠m-
bn-cp-∂Xv F∂Xv kXy-am-bn-cn-°mw. tcmKw amd-W-sa∂
kZp-t±-i-tØmsS hnjw Ign-®mepw tcmKn acn-°m-\n-S-bm-
Ip-a-t√m.'' (hn-izm-kw. ]pdw 124, 76 t\m°p-I)
sI.-]n. hymJym-\n-°p∂p
kzn^Xv hymJym-\sØ i‡-ambn hna¿in® sI.]n
auehn Xs∂ AtX ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-°p-∂Xv
ImWmw. Dd-ßm≥ InS-°p-tºmƒ \S-tØ≠ {]m¿∞-\°v
A¿∞w ]d™v At±lw \¬Inb hymJym-\-an-ßs\:
""A√m-lp-th, \obmWv BZy-am-bp-≈-h≥. At∏mƒ
\n\°v apºv bmsXm-∂p-an-√. \obmWv {]Xy-£-\m-bp-≈-
h≥. At∏mƒ \ns‚ aosX H∂p-an-√. \o Xs∂-bmWv ]tcm-
£-\m-bp-≈-h-\pw. At∏mƒ \ns‚ ASn-bn-embpw H∂p-an-
√. \o Rßƒ°v ISw hoń-Ø-cn-I. Zmcn-{Zy-Øn¬ \n∂v
Rßƒ°v \o [\yX \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-I. (Cu hnti-
j-W-ßƒ°v auehn hymJym\w \¬Ip-∂-Xn-ß-s\-bm-Wv)
"\ns‚ aosX H∂p-an-√.' F∂-Xns‚ hnh£ \ns∂ AXn-
P-bn-°p-∂, \ns‚ ta¬ A[n-Imcw \S-Øp∂ Bcp-an√
F∂pw \ns‚ ASn-bn-embn H∂p-an√ F∂-Xns‚ kmcw
\o Adn-bmsX \ns‚ \nb-a-]-cn-[n-bn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-Ip∂
Bcpw H∂pw C√ F∂p-am-Ip-∂p.'' (hn-izm-kw, t]Pv 90)
(9)
hymJym-\n-°-cp-sX∂v Da¿ auehn
A√m-lp-hns\ ]‰n ]d™ Imcy-ßƒ H∂pw hymJym-
\n-°msX A∏Sn ]d-bW - s
- a∂v Da¿ aue-hnbpw Fgp-Xp∂p:
""]cn-ip≤ Jp¿-B-\nepw lZo-kp-I-fnepw A√m-lp-hns\
Ipdn®v F¥mtWm ]d-™-Xv, F{X-tØm-f-amtWm ]d-
™Xv AXv A{X-tØmfw kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h-cmWv Alvep-
p-∂-Øv. bmsXm∂pw Ah¿ hymJym-\n-°p-I-bn-√.'' (^m-
Xn-l-bpsS Xoc-Øv. sI.-F≥.-Fw. sI. Da¿ auehn t]Pv.
126)
Da¿ auehn hymJym-\n-°p∂p

"buh bpIvi^p A≥ kmJv' F∂ Bb-Øn\p Da¿
aue- h n- b psS ]cn- ` m- j - b n¬ hymJym- \ ta D≈q.
_mlym¿∞w ]d-™n-ń-√. ""hnjaw sImSp-ºncn sIm≈p∂
\mfn¬ (A-h-cpsS ]¶p-Imsc lmP-cm-°-s´)'' (]-cn-`mj
t]Pv 569)
(10)
hymJym-\-Øn-s\-Xnsc Fw.-Fw. AIv_¿
""ssZhnI kØsb Ipdn®v Jp¿-B-\nepw lZo-knepw
h∂ Imcy-ßƒ hni-Zo-I-c-Wtam hymJym-\tam IqSmsX
A∏Sn hniz-kn-°p-I-sb-∂-XmWv k®-cn-X-cmb ap≥Km-
an-I-fpsS \ne-]m-Sv. \ΩpsS hI-bm-bp≈ hni-Zo-I-c-W-
ßfpw hymJym-\-ßfpw \¬Ip-∂Xv hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥
shfn-s∏-Sp-Ønb Imcy-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ Zp¿{K-l-am-Ip-∂-
Xn\p am{Xta \nan-Ø-am-Iq. kz¥w _p≤n-bn¬ bp‡-
sa∂v tXm∂nb hymJym-\-ßƒ \¬In Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]cn-
N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ A√m-lp-hns\ Adnbm≥ {ian-®-XmWv
apkvenw temIsØ Nn¥m-{`w-i-ßƒ°v \nan-Ø-am-b-Xv.''
(A-√m-lp-hns\ Adn-bpI. t]Pv 113)
AIv_¿ hymJym-\n-°p∂p
hymJym\w apkvenw temIsØ Nn¥m-{`w-iß - ƒ°v \nan-
Ø- a m- b n Fs∂- g p- X nb AtX ]pkv X - I - Ø n¬ Xs∂
AIv_dpw hymJym-\n-°p-∂p-≠v. "Rm≥ ASn-a-tbmSv IqsS
F∂v _mlym¿∞w hcp∂ kq‡-ßfpw lZo-kp-Ifpw D≤-
cn-®p-sIm≠v Fgp-Xp∂p:
""Cu Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ß-fnepw lZo-kp-I-fn-ep-sam∂pw
hnh-£n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂Xv ssZhnI kØ a\p-jy¿°-Sp-
Øm-sWt∂m Ahs‚ IWvT-\m-Un-°p-≈n-em-sWt∂m
As√∂ hkvXpX {]mam-Wn-I-cmb Jp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-
°ƒ hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. A√m-lp-hns‚ Adnhpw Ign-hp-
am-Wn-hnsS hnh-£n-°s - ∏-ń-´p-≈s
- X∂v C°mcyw ]cm-a¿in-
°p∂ kq‡- ß ƒ Xs∂ kq£v a - a mbn hni- I - e \w
sNbvXm¬ hy‡-am-Ipw. \tS kqNn-∏n® lZo-kp-Iƒ
\¬Ip∂ hnh-chpw adn-®-√. IWvT-\m-Un-sb-°mƒ ASp-
Øm-sW∂p ]d-™Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ hnip≤ krjvSn-I-
fmb ae-°p-Isf Ipdn-®m-sW∂v hymJym-\n® ]WvUn-X-
∑m-cp-ap-≠v.'' (A-√m-lp-hns\ Adn-bp-I. t]Pv 68)
(11)
hymJym-\-Øn-s\-Xnsc A¬a-\m¿
""A√m-lphpw Ahs‚ ZqX\pw A√m-lp-hns\ Ipdn®v
F¥p ]d-™p-X-∂pthm AXv Aßs\ Xs∂ hniz-kn-
°p-I-bmWv th≠-Xv. AXns‚ _mlym¿∞w hn´v AXns‚
s]mcpƒ tXSn t]mhmt\m AXns\ hymJym-\n®v H∏n-
°mt\m ]mSp-≈-X-√.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2004 Pqsse t]Pv 33)
A¬a-\m¿ hymJym-\n-°p∂p
""\nßsfhnsS-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw Ah≥ \nß-tfm-sSm-∏-
ap≠v'' F∂v _mlym¿∞w hcp∂ kqd-Xp¬ lZoZv 4˛mw
kq‡-Øn\v C_v\p Iko¿ \¬Inb hymJym\w AwKo-
I- c n- ® p- s Im≠v A¬a- \ m¿ Fgp- X p∂p: ""F∂m¬ Cu
BbØv hni-Zo-I-cn®v {]apJ Jp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ
]d-bp-∂Xv C{]-Im-c-am-Ip-∂p. Ah≥ \nßsf \nco-£n-°p-
∂p. \nßƒ Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw Fß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂mepw
\nß-fpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Ah≥ ImWp-∂p. F√m-hcpw
Ahs‚ ImgvN°pw Adn-hn\pw hnt[-b-cm-Wv.'' (C_v\p
Iko¿) (A¬ a\m¿ 2005 G{]n¬)
(12)
hymJym\w ]mSn-s√∂v hnNn-¥\w
sI.-F≥.Fw {]kn-≤o-Ic - W
- a
- mb hnNn-¥\w hmcn-Ib
- n¬
Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√m-lp-hns‚ kzn^-Øp-Iƒ Ckvem-ans‚
AJo-Z(-hn-izm-k-Im-cy-ßƒ) bn¬ s]´ Imcy-am-Wv. hnizm-
k-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ CPvXn-lmZv sNøm\pw hymJym-\-ßƒ Na-
bv°m\pw \h-hn-b-S°w Hcmƒ°pw ]mSn-√.'' (hn-Nn-¥\w
2010 Pqsse 23, t].10)
hnNn-¥-\-Øn¬ Xs∂ hymJym\w

hnNn- ¥ \w hmcn- I - b n¬ Xs∂ h∂ Hcp lZokpw
hymJym-\hpw ImWpI: ""\_n(k) ]d™p: A√mlp ]d-
™n- c n- ° p- ∂ p. Fs‚ hen- ø n- t \mSv h√- h \pw i{XpX
]pe¿Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-\p-ambn Rm≥ bp≤w {]Jym-
]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. .... kp∂-Ømb I¿Ω-ßƒ aptJ\ Fs‚
ASna Rm\p-ambn ASp-Øp-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°pw. Aßs\
Rm≥ Ahs\ kvt\ln-°pw. Rm≥ Ahs\ kvt\ln-®m¬
Ah\v tIƒ°p∂ ImXpw ImWp∂ IÆpw ]nSn-°p∂
ssIbpw \S-°p∂ Imepw Rm\m-bn-Øo-cpw. Ft∂mSv tNmZn-
®m¬ Rm≥ Ah\p \¬Ipw. F∂n¬ A`bw tXSn-bm¬
Rm≥ Ah\v A`bw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøpw. (_p-Jm-cn)
bYm¿∞ `‡-∑m¿ Ah-cpsS Ah-bh - ß
- sf A√mlp hne-
°nb am¿K-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw B {ia-
ßƒ°v A√m-lp-hns‚ XpW-bp-≠m-Ip-sa∂pw Be-¶m-cnI
cq]-Øn¬ ]d™ lZo-km-Wn-Xv.'' (hn-Nn-¥\w 2010 \hw-
_¿ 26, t]Pv 9)
(13)
kzn^Xv hymJym\w ]mSn√: i_m_v
kzn^Xv hymJym-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ ]c-kv]c hncp≤
Bi-bß - ƒ aS-hq¿ {Kq∏nepw ImWmw. i_m_v Fgp-Xp∂p:
""Ip‰-a‰ \_n-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ ssI∏-Øn-
sbbpw hnc-ep-I-sfbpw Ipdn®p ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ h∂n-´p-≠v....
hymJym-\mXo-Xhpw D]-an-°m≥ \n¿hm-la - n-√m-ØXpw \ncm-
I-cn-°m≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv. \_n-h-N-\-Øn¬ A√m-lp-
hns‚ ssI∏Sw F∂ {]tbmKw (I-^v^v) Xs∂ {]hm-N-
I-\n¬ \n∂p-≤-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p F∂Xv {it≤-b-am-Wv.
D]-aI- ƒ°pw hymJym-\ß - ƒ°pw AXo-Xa - mbn \ap-°h
- sb
{Kln-°p-I-b-√msX hgn-bn-√.'' (i_m_v 2004 am¿®v) ""Jp¿-
B\pw kp∂Øpw {]kvXm-hn-°p∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ kzn^-
Øp-Iƒ A£cw {]Xn AwKo-I-cn-°m\pw XA-vho¬ (hym-
Jym-\w) Dt]-£n-°m\pw Blzm\w sNøp-∂p.'' (i-_m_v
1999 k]vXw-. 3, t]Pv 11)
hymJym-\n-°Ww: i_m_v
kzn^-Øp-Iƒ hymJym-\n-°-cp-sX∂pw _mlym¿∞w
Xs∂ kzoI- c n- ° - W - s a∂pw ]Tn- ∏ n® i_m_v Xs∂
]n∂oSv AXv bYm¿∞ Xulo-Z√ apP- n-an-bm-°f - psS hmZ-
am-sW∂v!
""A√m- l p- h ns‚ ssIIƒ, A√m- l p- h ns‚ Cd°w
Fs∂√mw ]d-bp∂ kq‡-ßfpw lZo-kp-Ifpw kµ¿t`m-
NnXw Fhn-sSbpw hymJym-\n-°m≥ ]mSn√ F∂v ]d-b¬
ke-^n-Iƒ Dƒs°m≠ Xulo-Z-√. {]XypX CXv apP- n-
an-øØ
- n-s‚bpw Idm-an-øØ
- n-s‚bpw Xulo-Zm-Wv.'' (i-_m_v
2009 Pq¨ 5 t]Pv 29) ""A√m-lp-hns‚ hnti-j-W-am-sW∂v
AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ ]£w kµ¿`-Øn\p A\p-tbm-Py-amb
\ne°v hymJym-\n-°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂ apP- n-an-ø-Øn-s‚bpw
Idm-an-ø-Øn-s‚bpw hmZ-amWv.'' (i-_m_v 2009 Pqsse 10,
t] 28)
(14)
A√mlp ÿe-Ime k¶¬∏-ßƒ°-Xo-X≥:
i_m_v
i_m_v hmcnI Fgp- X p∂p: ""ÿe-Ime k¶¬∏-
ßƒ°-Xo-X\ - mb A√m-lp-hns‚ AkvXn-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈
Cu \ma-I-c-Ww........ '' (i-_m_v 2003 G{]n¬ 25, ]pdw 5)
A√mlp BIm-i-Øn\p apI-fn¬: i_m_v
""A√mlp BIm-i-ßƒ°v apI-fn-em-sW∂v hy‡-am-
°p∂p............. A√mlp apI-fn-em-bXv sIm≠v Xs∂bmWv.
kqdØv ap¬In¬ am{X-a√ A√mlp BIm-i-Øn\p apI-
fn-em-sW∂v hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≈-Xv.''(i-_m_v 1999 k]vXw-
_¿ 3, t]Pv 11)
(15)
]cn-`mj (_m-lym¿∞w) ]d-b-cpXv
kn.-]n- D-a¿ kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw Xncp-
kp-∂-Øp-sa√mw Ad_n `mj-bn-em-Wv. Ad_n `mj-bnse
Bi- b - ß ƒ kºq¿W- a mbn Dƒs°m≠ hnh¿Ø\w
\ΩpsS ae-bmf `mj-bn¬ Akm-[y-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-
Xs∂ ]cn-`m-j-bn-√msX Jp¿-B-\nepw kp∂-Ønepw h∂
kzn^- Ø p- I ƒ AwKo- I - c n- ° - e mWv G‰hpw DØ- a w.''
(i_m_v 2009 HIvtSm-_¿ 23, t]Pv 11)
_mlym¿∞-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°Ww
""hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nepw Ip‰-a‰ {]hm-NI hN-\-ß-fn-epw
D≤- c n- ° - s ∏´ CØcw ]cm- a ¿i- ß - s f√mw AXns‚
_mlyhpw hy‡-hp-amb Bi-bØ - n¬ Xs∂ \mapw kzoI-
cn-°m≥ _m[y-ÿ-cm-Ip-∂p.'' (i_m_v 2004 am¿®v)
(16)
A√m-lp-hns‚ apJw, Nncn F∂ {]tbmKw
Be-¶m-cnIw
i_m_v Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√m-lp-hns‚ Ah-Im-i-Øn¬
Nncn F∂ {]tbmKw Ae-¶mc {]tbm-Ka - m-Wv.'' (2009 Pqsse
10 t]Pv 29) ""A√m-lp-hns‚ AkvXnXzw F∂-XmWv apJw
F∂-Xns‚ Dt±-iyw. apJw F∂p ]d-™Xv kwkm-cØ - nse
Ae-¶mc {]tbm-K-am-Wv.'' (i-_m_v 2009 sabv 15 t]Pv 35)
Be-¶m-cnIw \ntj-[-Øn-te-°p≈ am¿Kw

A√m-lp-hns‚ kzn^-Øp-Isf hymJym-\n-°m\pw Ae-
¶mc {]tbm-K-am-°m\pw ]mSn-s√∂v apºv Ch¿ Xs∂ Fgp-
Xn-sh-®n-´p-≠v.
""XA-vho¬ sNø¬ (hym-Jym-\w) A]-IS- I- c
- a
- mWv kmZr-
iy-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ \mi-I-c-am-Wv. Be-¶m-cn-I-am-°¬ \ntj-[-
Øn-te-°p≈ am¿K-am-Wv. Cu hkvXp-X-X-Iƒ {Kln-®m¬
icn-bmb ]mX \ap°v hy‡-am-Ipw.'' (i-_m_v 1999 k]vXw-
_¿ 3 ]pdw 11)
(17)
{kjvSm-hns‚bpw krjvSn-I-fp-sSbpw Imcy-Øn¬
"t]mse' {]tbm-Kw in¿°v
hnZq-c-Øp-≈Xv ImWm\pw tIƒ°m\pw alm-∑m¿°v
A√mlp Ignhp \¬Inbn´p≠v F∂ A¿∞- Ø n¬
"A√mlp ImWpw t]mse ImWpw' F∂ ]Z-{]-tbm-KØ - n¬
ISn®p Xqßn apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ kp∂n-Isf apivcn-°m-°m≥
{ian-°m-dp-≠v. Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""ip≤ in¿°pw \pW-
bp-am-Wn-Xv. A√m-lp-hn-t‚-sX∂v ]d-bp∂ ImgvN-bpw
tIƒhnbpw Ah-t‚Xv am{X-am-Wv........ -{k-jvSm-hns‚bpw
krjvSn-If - n¬ Hcp-t]mse F∂ {]tbmKw
- p-sSbpw Imcy-ßf
Akw-`-hyhpw ]d-bm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv.'' (Xn-c-s™-
SpØ \pW-Iƒ, t]Pv 26)
"t]mse' F∂v {]tbm-Kn-°p∂p

A_vZp¬ lJv kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""dlow'' F∂ hnti-
jWw A√mlp Ahs\ hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv t]mse Ahs‚
ZqXs‚ hnti-j-W-ambpw ]d-™n-´p-≠v.'' (A-√m-lp, t]Pv
182, sI.-F≥.-Fw.) ""BIm-i-ßƒ Ahs‚ (A-√m-lp-hn-s‚)
heXp ssIsIm≠v Npcp-ń-∏n-Sn-®-h-bm-Wv. Ipń-Iƒ ]s¥-
dn-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse Ahs‚ he-Xp-ssI-sIm≠v Ah≥ Fdn-
bpw.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2007 HIvtSm-. t].36)
(18)
"bZv ' F∂Xn\p ssI F∂¿∞w ]d-b-cpXv
"bZv ' F∂ A√m- l p- h ns‚ {]tbm- K - Ø n\p ssI
F∂¿∞w \¬I-cp-sX∂pw AXv Ah-b-h-ambn a\- n-em-
°-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw i_m_v hmcnI hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv ImWpI.
""bZv F∂ Ad_n ]Z-Øn\v 25 Hmfw A¿∞-ßƒ kzlo-
lp¬ _pJm-cn-bpsS hnh-c-W-amb ^Xvlp¬ _mcn-bn¬
Xs∂ \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. ae-bmfw ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXn¬ GXv
A¿∞-amWv \mw ]d-bpI? ssI F∂v km[m-cW ]d-bp∂
A¿∞w ]d-™m¬ AXv Hcp Ah-b-h-ambn a\- n-em-°p-
∂p. CXv A√m-lp-hn\p Hcn-°epw `qj-W-a-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Wv.
AYhm Aßs\ `mjm-¥cw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv
Ah-b-h-a-s√∂v {]tXyIw ]d-tb-≠-Xp-amWp Xm\pw.'' (i-
_m_v 2009 HIvtSm.23)
ssI F∂¿∞w ]d-bp∂p

sNdn-b-ap≠w laoZv aZ-\n-bpsS Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-`mj
ImWpI: ""C_veo-tk, Fs‚ ssI sIm≠v Rm≥ krjvSn-
®p-≠m-°n-b-Xns\ \o {]W-an-°p-∂-Xn\p \n\-s°¥p XS-
-am-Wp-≈Xv?'' (]pdw 612) ChnsS bZv F∂-Xn\p hni-Zo-
I-c-W-an-√msX Xs∂ ssI F∂¿∞w \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
(19)
A√mlp Cd-ßn-hcpw
sI.]n apl-ΩZv auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√m-lp-hns‚
{]hrØn-I-fn¬ s]´Xv Xs∂-bmWv "Cd-ßn-h-c¬' F∂
A√m-lp-hns‚ hnti-jW - w. \ΩpsS c£n-Xm-hmb A√mlp
F√m cm{Xn-bnepw cm{Xn-bpsS aq∂n-sem-∂-h-ti-jn-°p-
tºmƒ H∂mw BIm-it- Ø-°n-dß - n-hc
- pw.'' (l-Zo-kv) ..... lZo-
kp-I-fn¬ h∂ t]mse hymJym-\tam \ntj-[tam cq]-
I¬∏-\tbm IqSmsX A∏Sn kzoI-cn-°pI F∂-XmWv
(A√mlphns‚ hnti-jW - ß- f - nepw \ma-ßf - nepw {]hr-Øn-
I-fn-epw) ]q¿∆nI apkvenw-Iƒ kzoI-cn-®n-cp∂ \ne-]m-Sv.
F∂m¬ ]n¬°m-e-°m¿ Nne¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ Cu hnti-
j-Kp-WsØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂p. A√mlp Cd-ßn-h-cnI F∂
{]iv\t- a-bn√ F∂-Xm-Wh - c- psS \nK-a\ - w. CXp hfsc A]-
I-S-I-chpw sX‰m-b-Xp-amb hnizm-k-am-sW-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-
an-√.'' (hnizmkw t]Pv 134-˛137)
CXv apP- n-an-ø-Øns‚ hmZw

A_vZp- emw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Ch¿ Chn-sSbpw apP-
n-an-øØ
- n-s‚bpw Idm-an-øØ
- n-s‚bpw hmZw A√m-lp-hns‚
kzn^mØv F∂p ]d™v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. A√mlp
knwlm-k\ - Ø- n¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-Ip∂ \ne-°p≈ Cd-°a - mWv
ChnsS Dt±-iy-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂n-√. AXp-t]mse \mw Cd°w
F∂-Xp-sIm≠v km[m-c-W-bmbn Dt±-in-°p∂ Dt±-iy-amWv
hnh£ F∂pw {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂n-√. CsX√mw A√m-lp-
hn\p Ah-b-h-ßƒ D≠v F∂v ]d-bp∂ ]ng® I£n-I-
fpsS P¬∏-\-ßƒ am{X-am-Wv. cm{Xn-bpsS aq∂n-sem-∂ns‚
Ah-km\ `mKw \ne-\n¬°mØ Hcp \nan-j-t\cw `qan-
bn¬ D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. `qan ]Sn-™m-dp-\n∂v Ing-t°m´v Nen-
°p-I-bm-Wv. Hcp ÿeØp \n∂pw Cu kabw Ah-km-\n-
°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ as‰mcp ÿeØv Cu kabw A\p-`-h-
s∏-Sp-∂p. Ccp-]-Øn-\mev aWn-°qdpw Cu {]{Inb \S-∂p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. At∏mƒ Cd°w F∂-Xn\p Ch¿ \¬Ip∂
_mlym¿∞ {]Imcw knwlm-k-\-Øn¬ Btcm-lWw
sNøm≥ A√m-lp-hn\p ka-b-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.'' (i-
_m_v 2009 Pqsse 10, t]Pv 29)
{]hmNI∑m¿ ]m]kpc£nX¿
ae°pIsf t]mse ]m]kpc£nXcmWv Aºnbm°ƒ
F∂v hnizkn°¬ \ap°v \n¿_‘amWv. clkyamtbm
]ckyamtbm BcpsSsb¶nepw Xr]vXn°v th≠ntbm
A√msXtbm Hcp ]m]hpw Aºnbm°fn¬ \n∂v
D≠mhpIbn√. \p_p∆Øn\v aptº Ah¿ ]q¿W
kpc£nXcmWv . sNdp∏Imew apX¬ Xs∂ sX‰mb
Imcyßfn¬ \n∂v amdn\n∂v PohnXw \bn®hcmWv
aplΩZv \_n(kz) F∂v a°bnse i{Xp°ƒ t]mepw
kΩXn°pIbpw A¬Aao≥ F∂v ÿm\t∏cv Ah¿
\_n(kz)°v \¬IpIbpw sNbvXncp∂p. F∂m¬ tIcf
hlm_nIƒ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv PohnXØn¬ [mcmfw
hogvNIƒ h∂hcpw ldmw lemem°nbhcpw A√mlp
Bt£]n®bmfpamWv aplΩZv \_n(kz) F∂mWv .
{]hmNI∑mscIpdn®p≈ hnizmkØn¬ auehnam¿
FgpXnhn´ sshcp≤yßƒ ImWpI..
(20)
\_n (-k) ]m]-kp-c-£n-X≥

kp∂n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ ]nSn-®p-\n¬°m≥ th≠n Nne L´-
ß-fn¬ Cß-s\bpw FgpXpw: ""\_n(-k) ]m]-kp-c-£n-X-
\m-Wv. CXv Jp¿-B≥ sIm≠v kwi-b-c-ln-X-ambn hy‡-
amb Imcy-amWv. (hlm-_n-Ifpw apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpw, t]Pv 42,
sI.-F≥.-Fw.)
{]hm-N-I-∑m¿ sX‰p sNøp-∂-h¿

{]hm-N-I-∑m¿ sX‰v sNbvXhcmWv F∂-Xn\p aue-hn-
am¿ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv ImWpI: ""BZn ]nXm-hmb BZw (A)\v
sX‰p-]-‰n-bXv A√mlp \ap°v hni-Zo-I-cn®p X∂Xv a\p-
jy-cn-em¿°pw sX‰p kw`-hn-°p-sa∂pw sX‰p sNøm≥
t{]cn-∏n-°p∂ ]nim-Nns\ kq£n-°-W-sa∂pw DW¿Øm-
\m-Wv.'' (hn-Nn-¥\w 2008 Pqsse 4, t]Pv 9) ""BZw \_n-
bn¬ \n∂v A\p-k-c-W-t°Sv D≠mbn'' (A¬ a\m¿ 2010
Pqsse)
""\_n(-k)-bpsS Nne ho£-Wß - f
- nepw \b-ßf - nepw ]ng-
hp-Iƒ kw`-hn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. AØcw kw`-h-ßƒ
Bh¿Øn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ A√mlp \_nsb Bt£-]n-°p-
I-bp-≠m-bn. h∂p-t]mb hogvN-Iƒ s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. `mcy-amsc Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ tX≥ IpSn-
°n-s√∂v {]hm-N-I≥ ]d-™p. CXv A√mlp lem-em-°n-
b-Xns\ ldm-am-°p-Ib - m-Wv.'' (A¬ a\m¿ 2010 Pqsse, t]Pv
39) i_m_v hmcnI Fgp-Xp∂p: ""{]hm-N-Is‚ Xocp-am-\-
ß- f nepw {]h¿Ø- \ - ß - f nepw h∂ Nne hogv N - I sf
Jp¿B≥ Xncp-Øp-∂p-≠v. \_n(-k)sb i‡-amb `mj-bn¬
Xm°oXv sNøp-Ibpw hna¿in-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ hN-\ß - ƒ
Jp¿-B-\n-ep-≠v. \ap°v \n m-c-ambn tXm∂m-hp∂ ]e
hogvN-Ifpw \_n(-k)-bn¬ \n∂p-≠m-b-t∏mƒ ISpØ `mj-
bn¬ A√mlp \_n (k)sb Xncp-Øn-bXv ImWmw.'' (i-
_m_v hmcnI 2009 sabv 1, t]Pv 22)
tNmZyw: ]q¿Wambpw \∑bneqsS Pohn®v Xn∑ shSn
™v amXrI ImWn°m≥ IgnbmØ Hcp hn`mKsØ
bmtWm A√mlp amXrIm ]pcpjcmbn \ntbmKn®Xv?
Aºnbm°ƒ°v t]mepw PohnXØn¬ sIm≠phcm≥
IgnbmØ \nbakwlnXbmtWm Ckveman\p≈Xv?
{]hmNI∑m¿ Akm[mcW°m¿
a\pjycnte°v \ntbmKn°s∏´ amXrIm]pcpjcmb
Aºnbm°ƒ a\pjycmWv. Pnt∂m aet°m A√. ]t£,
km[mcW a\pjys‚ Adnthm Ignthm A√ Ah¿°p
≈Xv. ae°pIsf ImWm\pw tIƒ°m\pap≈
{]IrXnb√t√m a\pjy\v. F∂m¬ Ahsc ImWm\pw
tIƒ°m\pw kwhZn°m\pw {]hmNI∑m¿°v A√mlp
Ignhp \¬Inbn´p≠v. AhcpsS P\\w apX¬ Akm[m
cWXzw \ap°v Z¿in°m≥ Ignbpw. Aºnbm°fpsS
Ncn{Xw ]Tn°mØhcmWv Ah¿ \sΩt∏mse km[mcW
a\pjycmWv F∂v hmZn°p∂Xv. Aºnbm°ƒ \sΩt∏m
se km[mcW a\pjy¿ am{XamsW∂v ]dbptºmƒ
Ah¿°v ae°pIfpambp≈ _‘sØbpw AXphgn
hlv b ns\bpamWv \ntj[n°p∂sX∂v hna¿iI¿
a\ nem°p∂n√.
(21)
\_n(-k) km[m-cW Ad_n _me≥
\_n(-k) \m¬∏Xv hb v hsc Hcp km[m-cW Ad_n
_me-\mbn hf¿∂p-sh-∂mWv apPm-lnZv hnizm-kw. \_n(-
k)-bpsS al-XzsØ \ntj-[n-°epw CIgvØn ImWn-°-
ep-am-Wn-Xv. sF.-F-kv.Fw tIcf ]pd-Øn-d°nb "Xulo-Zn-
te°v kp∂-Øn-te°v' F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Hcp auehn
Fgp-Xp-∂p. ""{In. 570 BKÃv 29\p Ban-\-bp-sSbpw A_vZp-
√-bp-sSbpw ]p{X-\mbn apl-ΩZv P\n-®p. Hcp km[m-cW
Ad_n _me-\mbn At±lw hf¿∂p.'' (t]Pv 72, 73)
\_n(-k)°v Akm-[mcW _meyw
\_n(- k ) _mey- I m- e Øpw bph- X z- I m- e - Ø p- s a√mw
Akm-[m-cW°mc≥ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p-. A¬a-\m¿ Xs∂
Hcn-°¬ Cu kXyw Xpd-s∂-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.
""Ipń-{]m-b-Øn¬ Xs∂ {]hm-N-Is‚ a\- n¬ ]nim-
Nn-\nSw \¬ImsX a\- ns\ ip≤-am-°n. A\-kv(-d) \nth-
Z\w: \_n(-k) Ipń-It- fm-sSm∏w Ifn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ
Pn_vco¬ h∂v \_nsb ]nSn®p \ne-Øp-In-SØn s\©v
]nf¿Øn Hcp amwk-]nWvUw ]pd-tØ-s°-SpØp F∂n´p
]d™p CXv ]nim-Nn\v \n∂n-ep≈ Hml-cn-bm-Wv. ]ns∂
Hcp Xfn-I-bn¬ AXv sh®v kwkw sh≈w sIm≠v Igp-
In. ]ns∂ AXns\ icn-s∏-SpØn X¬ÿm-\Øv sh®p.
Ipń-Iƒ hf¿Øp-Ωb - psS ASp-tØ°v HmSn Ah¿ ]d™p:
apl-ΩZv sIm√-s∏-´p. Ah¿ h∂v \_nsb FSp-Ø-t∏mƒ
{]hm-N-I≥ hnh¿W-amb ÿnXn-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. A\-kv(-d)
]d-bp-I-bm-Wv: \_n(-k)-bpsS amdn-S-Øn¬ Xp∂n-b-Xns‚
AS-bmfw I≠n-cp-∂p. (ap-kvenw) anA-vdm-Pns‚ kw`-h-
Ønepw CXp-t]mse \_n(-k)-bpsS s\©v Iodn kwkw
sh≈w sIm≠v Igp-Inb kw`hw _pJm-cnbpw apkvenapw
D≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2009 Unkw-_¿, t]Pv 28)
(22)
\_n(-k) km[m-cW a\p-jy≥

F∂p ]d-bp-∂-h¿ Im^n¿
""\_n(-k) tIhew km[m-cW a\p-jy≥ am{X-amWv
F∂v ]d-bp-∂-h≥ Im^n-dm-Wv. \_n-bpsS {]tXy-I-X-Iƒ
\ntj-[n-®-h\pw Im^n-dm-Wv.'' (k¬k-_o¬ 1993 am¿®v,
t]Pv 22)
""\_n(-k) km[mcW a\pjy\-√. Akm-[m-cW a\p-
jy-\m-Wv. Akm-[m-c-WXzw hfsc hy‡-am-Wv.'' (k¬k-
_o¬ 1993 am¿®v. t]Pv 21)
{]hm-N-I≥ km[m-cW a\p-jy≥

sI.-F≥.Fw aZvd-k-bn¬ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp∂ Hcp BZ¿i-am-
bn-cp∂p {]hm-N-I≥ km[mcW a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp∂p F∂-
Xv. aq∂mw ¢mknse Ckvem-anI hnizm-k-Im-cy-ßƒ
ImWpI: ""F√m {]hm-N-I-∑mcpw km[m-cW a\p-jy¿
Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.''
_dIsØSp°¬
Jp¿B≥, ZnIv¿, alm∑mcpsS BkmdpIƒ XpSßnbh
sIm≠v A\p{Klw tXSpItbm tcmKia\w
{]Xo£n°pItbm sNøemWv X_¿dpIv sIm≠v
Dt±in°p∂Xv. CXn\p kzlm_Øns‚ amXrI
A\h[nbp≠v. \_n(kz)bpsS hnb¿∏v hSns®Sp°p∂
DΩpkpssew(d)tbmSv \_n(kz) tNmZn®p. F¥n\mWv
hnb¿∏v hSns®Sp°p∂Xv? CXv Rßƒ°v kpK‘Øn¬
Ie¿Øm\pw a°ƒ°v _dIXn\pth≠nbpamWv
F∂mbncp∂p adp]Sn. (kzlolv apkvenw)
A_q_°¿ kzn±oJv(d)hns‚ aIƒ AkvamAv(d) Hcp
Pp∫ FSpØpImń ]d™p: ""CXv \_n(kz) [cn®XmWv.
Rßƒ Cu Pp∫ IgpIpIbpw B sh≈w sIm≠v
tcmKia\w tXSpIbpw sNøp∂hcmWv. (apkvenw) Cßs\
H´\h[n kw`hßƒ kzlm_nIfpsS PohnXØnep≠v.
tIcf hlm_nIƒ X_¿dpIns‚ hnjbØnepw ]ckv]c
sshcp≤yßfmWv kaqlØn\v kw`mh\ sNbvXXv.
(23)
Xncp-tI-i-Øn\p {]tXy-I-X-bn√
{]hm-NI tIisØ \n m-c-s∏-SpØn Hcp auehn Fgp-
Xp∂p: ""tIi-Øn\p h√ {]tXy-I-Xbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-
¶n¬ kz¥w Poh-s\-°mƒ {]hm-N-Is\ kvt\ln® kzlm-
_n-Iƒ AXns\ kq£n-®p-sh-°p-am-bn-cp-∂nt√? Ah kw`-
cn®v hnZqc apkvenw \mSp-If- nse ktlm-Zc
- ∑
- m¿°v FØn®v
]pWyw hmcn-°q-´p-am-bn-cp-∂nt√? Xncp-tIi {]Z¿i-\-Øn-
eqsS F¥v ktµ-i-am-Wn-h¿ kaq-l-Øn\p \¬Ip-∂Xv?''
(hnNn¥\w 2008 am¿®v 21, t]Pv 11)
{]tXy-IX \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h¿
aX-bp-‡n-hm-Zn-Iƒ
\_n(-k)-bpsS tIi-Øns‚ {]tXy-IXsbbpw Ahn-
SpsØ "Bkm¿' sIm≠v _d-I-sØ-Sp-°-en-s\bpw \ntj-
[n-®-h-cm-bn-cp∂p tIcf apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ
Xncp-tI-i-Øn\pw hnb¿∏n\pw a‰p Bkm-dp-Iƒ°pw _¿I-
Øp-s≠∂pw AXv kzlm-_n-Iƒ kzoI-cn-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂pw
hnNn-¥\w Xs∂ lZo-kp-Iƒ D≤-cn®v ka¿∞n-°p-∂p-≠v.
hnNn-¥\w Fgp-Xp∂p:
""{]hm-N-I≥ (k)-bpsS Ic-Øns‚ _¿IXv {]am-W-ß-
fn¬ kzlo-lmbn h∂n-´p-≠v. .... kzlm-_Øv \_n(-k)-
bpsS ssI ]nSn®v _¿I-sØ-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. hnb¿∏p-sIm-
≠p≈ _¿I-Xv.... Ahn-SpsØ Xncp-tIiw sIm≠p≈
kzlm-_n-If - psS X_¿dp-Iv. A\-kv(d
- ) ]d-bp∂p: \_n(k)
an\m-bn-seØn Pwd-I-fn¬ Is√-dn-™p. ]n∂oSv an\m-bnse
Xs‚ Xºn-te°v h∂p. F∂n´v £pc-I-t\mSv Xs‚ inc-
ns‚ he-`mKw ImWn®p ]d-™p. hSn-®p-sIm-≈-s´.
Aßs\ he-Xp-`mKw hSn-®p. tijw CS-Xp-`m-Kh - pw. ]n∂oSv
B apSn-Iƒ P\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ hoXn®p (ap-kvenw). ChnsS
hoXn-°s - ∏´ P\-ßƒ alm-∑m-cmb kzlm-_n-If - m-Wv. Ah-
cmcpw Xs∂ CXv tIhew Hcp apSn-bm-sW∂pw AXn-\m¬
Rßƒ°Xv ths≠∂pw ]d-™n-√. kzlm-_n-bmb A\-
kv(d
- )s‚ kzlo-lmb Cu dnt∏m¿´p-Is - f-°mƒ kzoIm-cyX
]n¬°m-eØv CXns\ \ntj-[n-°p∂ aX-bp-‡n-hm-Zn-If - psS
_p≤n-lo-\-X-°n-√.'' (hnNn-¥\w 2011 Pqsse 8, t]. 10)
(24)
\_n(-k)-bpsS hnb¿∏n\v _d-I-Xn√

X_¿dp-Ins‚ hnj-b-Øn¬ aS-hq¿ {Kq∏nepw `n∂-X-bp-
≠v. Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: \_n(-k) Xs‚ hnb¿s∏-Sp-
°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-®Xpw apSn hnX-cWw sNøm≥ ]d-™Xpw
Ah-Iƒ _¿I-sØ-Sp°pw F∂ \ne-bn-√. A{]-Imcw
Fs‚ apSn°pw hnb¿∏n\pw _¿I-Xp-s≠∂v Ahn-Sp∂v ]d-
™n-´p-an-√.'' (i-_m_v 2011 HIvtSm-_¿ 21)
hnb¿∏n¬ _¿I-Xp≠v
\_n(-k)-bpsS hnb¿∏v hSn-s®-SpØ DΩp-kp-ssew(-d)
\_n(-k)-tbmSv Rm≥ CXn¬ _¿IXv {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p-
s≠∂v ]d-™p-sh∂pw \_n(-k) AXw-Ko-I-cn-®p-sh∂pw
aS-hq¿ {Kq∏ns‚ {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-amb X_¿dpIv F∂
]pkvXIw Xs∂ hy‡-am-°p-∂p.
"".... At∏mƒ DΩp-kpssew (d) h∂p. Xncp-ta-\n(-k)
hnb¿Ø-Xn-\m¬ hncn-∏n-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ tXmens‚ IjvW-
Øn¬ hnb¿∏v IqSn-\n¬°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Xs‚
kpK-‘-{Zhy sN∏v Xpd-∂v. F∂n´v B hnb¿∏v H∏n-sb-
SpØv Ip∏n-bn¬ ]ngn-™p. At∏mƒ \_n(-k) DW¿∂p.
Ahn-Sp∂v tNmZn®p: DΩp kpssew. \nßƒ F¥p-sN-øp∂p?
Ah¿ ]d-™p. Rßƒ AXns‚ _¿IXv \ΩpsS Ipń-
Iƒ°v {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. \_n(-k) ]d™p: \o sNbvXXv
icn-bm-Wv.'' (ap-kvenw) (X-_¿dpIv: A¿∞hpw bmYm¿∞y-
hpw. t]Pv 16, bph-X)
(25)
"Bkm¿' sIm≠v X_¿dpIv in¿°v
A_vZp- emw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√m-lp-hn\p ]pd-
sa-bp≈ krjvSn-If- n¬ \n∂v AZr-iyhpw Aù-Xn-Ih
- p-amb
\ne°v \∑ B{K-ln-°¬ in¿°pw Ip^vdp-am-Wv. {]hm-N-
Is‚ apSn-sImt≠m hkv{Xw sImt≠m hnb¿∏v sImt≠m
at‰m AZr-iyhpw Aù-Xn-I-hp-amb \ne°v \∑ B{K-ln-
®p-sIm≠v _¿I-sØ-Sp-°¬ Cu hIp-∏n¬ (in¿°v, Ip^v¿)
s]Sp-∂p.'' (i-_m_v 2011 G{]n¬ 1, t]Pv 22)
Bkm¿ sIm≠v X_¿dpIv in¿°√

\_n(-k)-bpsS apSn, hkv{Xw a‰p Bkm¿ sIm≠v _¿I-
sØ-Sp-°¬ in¿t°m Ip^vtdm A√. adn®v AXv kzlm-
_n-I-fpsS am¿K-am-Wv. kn.]n Da¿ kp√an sXfn-hp-Iƒ
\ncØn C°mcyw ka¿∞n-°p-∂Xv ImWpI:
""\_n(-k)-tbmSv _‘-s∏´ ]e hkvXp-°-fp-sSbpw
_¿IXv kzlm-_n-Iƒ {]tbm-P\ - s
- ∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. lpssZ-
_n-ø-bn¬ sh®v apivcn-°p-I-fp-ambn kam-[m\ k‘n-bn-
te¿s∏´ tijw \_n(-k) Clvdm-an¬ \ns∂m-gn-hm-Ip-I-
bp-≠m-bn. \_n(-k) Xe-ap-WvU\w sNbvX-t∏mƒ B apSn
A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ°v hn`-Pn®p sImSp-ØXmbn lZo-kn¬ h∂n-
´p-≠v.'' (D-Ωp-kp-ssew(-d) hnb¿∏v hSn-s®-SpØ kw`-ha - S- °w
\nc-h[n lZo-kp-Iƒ sXfn-hmbn kn.]n kp√an D≤-cn-®n-´p-
≠v.) (i-_m_v 2010 \hw_¿ 12, t]Pv 30)
(26)
apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ X_¿dpIv \ntj-[n-I-f√
sIm´-∏pdw kwhm-Z-th-Zn-bn¬ kp∂n-I-fn¬ in¿°m-tcm-
]n-°m\pw Rß-fmWv bYm¿∞ Xulo-Zns‚ h‡m-°-
sf∂pw hmZn-®p-sIm≠v cwKØv h∂ {]mbw sN∂ c≠v
aue-hn-am-cmWv kn.]n Da¿ kp√-anbpw A_vZp- emw kp√-
an-bpw. Ct∏mƒ c≠p t]cpw Xulo-Zns‚ t]cn¬ ]c-kv]cw
sImºp-tIm¿°p-I-bm-Wv. X_¿dp-ImWv hnj-bw. kemw
kp√-an-bpsS hmZ-{]-Imcw kn.]n apivcn-°m-Wv. kn.-]n-bpsS
hmZ-{]-Imcw kemw kp√an Xulo-Z-dn-bm-Ø-h-\pw.
kn.]n Da¿ kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p:""apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Hcn-°epw
X_¿dpIv \ntj-[n-I-f-√.'' (i-_m_v 2010 \hw-_¿ 12)
\_n(-k)-bpsS Bkm¿ sIm≠v X_¿dpIv Bhm-sa∂pw
AXv apPm-lnZv \ntj-[n-°p-∂n-s√-∂p-amWv kn]n-bpsS
hmZw. F∂m¬ \_n(-k)-bpsSXmbmepw krjvSn-I-fn¬
\n∂v X_¿dpIv kzoI-cn-°¬ in¿°m-sW∂v kemw kp√an-
bpw. kn.-]n-bpsS Bi-bsØ JWvUn-®p-sIm≠v kemw
kp√an i_m-_n¬ Xs∂ Fgp-Xp-∂Xv ImWpI.
apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ X_¿dpIv \ntj-[n-I-fmWv

X_¿dpIv krjvSn-If - n¬ \n∂v kzoI-cn-°p-tºmƒ in¿°v
hcp-sa∂pw AXn-\m¬ AXv kzoIm-cy-a-s√∂pw i_m-_n¬
\n∂v Xs∂ hmbn-°pI:
""\_n(-k)-bpsS Xncp-ti-jn-∏p-I-fmb aew, aq{Xw, \Jw,
hnb¿∏v, apSn, hkv{Xw XpS-ßnb \_n(-k) Igp-In-°-f-bp-
Itbm Hgn-hm-°p-Itbm sNbvXn-´p≈ hkvXp-°ƒ°v a‰p-
≈-h¿°v _¿IXv (A-\p-{K-lw) \¬Ip-I-sb-∂Xv km[m-
cW \ne-bn¬ km[y-a√ - . adn®v AZr-iy-amb \net° km[n-
°q. F∂Xv Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. AZr-iy-amb \ne°v
_¿IXv \¬Ip-∂h - ≥ A√m-lp-hm-Wv. \_n(-k)°v t]mepw
kz¥w ico-cØ- n\v Hcp KpWtam tZmjtam sNøm≥ km[y-
a-√. ]ns∂-sb-ß-s\-bmWv Ahn-SpsØ \n¿Po-h-ß-fmb
tijn-∏p-Iƒ°v _¿IXv \¬Im≥ km[n-°pI?'' (i-_m_v
2011 HIvtSm-_¿ 21, t]Pv 28)
kemw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""\_n(-k)-bpsS apSn-sIm≠v
_¿I-sØ-Sp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AZr-iyhpw Aù-Xn-Ihpw
ad-™-Xp-amb am¿K-Øn-eqsS AXn¬ \n∂v \∑ {]Xo-£n-
®p-sIm-≠m-sW∂v Ch¿ Xs∂ {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p. in¿°ns‚
ASn-Ø-dbpw Bcw-`hpw Cu _¿I-sØ-Sp-°-em-Wv.'' (i-
_m_v 2011 G{]n¬ 1, t]Pv 23) kp√an XpS-cp-∂p. ""AZr-
iyhpw Aù-Xn-I-hp-amb am¿K-Øn-eqsS Hcm-fn¬ \nt∂m
Hcp hkvXp-hn¬ \nt∂m \∑tbm A\p-{K-ltam {]Xo-£n-
®m¬ AXv B a\p-jys\/hkvXp-hns\ ssZh-am-°-em-Wv.
ssZh- a m- ° pI F∂ hnizmkw Cs√- ¶ n¬ t]mepw.''
(i_m_v 2011 G{]n¬ 1, t]Pv 24)
C\n ]d-bq. apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ X_¿dpIv \ntj-[n-I-f√
F∂v kn.]n ]d-™n-s´¥p Imcyw? {]tXy-In®pw X_¿dpIv
in¿Ins‚ ASn-Ød - bpw Bcw-`h
- p-am-sW∂v i_m_v Xs∂
hy‡-am-°nb ÿnXn-°v.
{]m¿∞\
Ckv e mans‚ kmt¶XnI i_v Z ßfmb ZpBAv
({]m¿∞\), XuloZv , in¿°v , _nZv A Øv XpSßnb
]Zßsf Zp¿hymJym\n®psIm≠mWv ]pØ≥hmZnIƒ
cwKØv h∂Xv. CamapIƒ \¬Inb \n¿hN\ßƒ°v
]Icw ta¬ ]Zßƒ°v ]pXnb \n¿hN\w \¬In Hcp
]pXnb aXØn\v cq]w \¬IpIbmbncp∂p Ah¿. AXn¬
{][m\s∏´ H∂mWv {]m¿∞\. Camw dmkn(d) ZpB°v
\¬Inb \n¿hN\w Cßs\bmWv: ""ASna Xs‚ d∫nt\mSv
]cnKW\bsb tXSpIbpw Aht\mSv klmbw
tXSepamWv ZpBCs‚ ASnÿm\w.'' (dmkn X^vko¿ 3/
111)
CemlmWv F∂ hnizmktØmsS Hcp ASna Xs‚
d∫nt\mSv tXSp∂ tXámWv {]m¿∞\ F∂ efnXamb
Hcp BibsØ Zp¿hymJym\n®v apkvenw kaqlØn¬
On{ZXbp≠m°p Ibpw in¿°mtcm]Ww \SØpIbpw
sNbvXh¿ {]m¿∞\ °v \¬Inb \n¿hN\Øn¬ \n∂pw
Ct∏mƒ ]n≥hen™v ]ckv]cw in¿°mtcm]n°p∂Xv
ImWptºmƒ {]m¿∞\ °v Ah¿ BZyw \¬Inb
\n¿hN\w sX‰msW∂v Ah¿°v Xs∂ t_m[ys∏´p
F∂s√ a\ nem°m≥ Ignbp∂Xv . {]m¿∞\bpsS
\n¿hN\Øn¬ auehnam¿ ]Tn∏n®Xv
sshcp≤yßfmsW∂v AhcpsS {]kn≤oI cWßfneqsS
\ap°v a\ nem°mw.
(27)
a\p-jy-I-gn-hn¬ s]Sm-ØXv tXS-emWv {]m¿∞\

{]m¿∞-\°v apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ \¬Inb \n¿h-N\w Cßs\:
"a\p-jy-cpsS Ign-hn¬ s]SmØ Imcy-ßƒ k^-eo-I-
cn®p Xcm-\mbn as‰mcp i‡n-tbmSv hn\-bt- ØmSpw AXoh
Xmgva-tbmSpw IqSn tNmZn-°p-∂-Xn-\mWv {]m¿∞\ F∂p
]d-bp-∂-Xv.'' (kz-`mh ]mT-ßƒ, 3˛mw ¢mkv, t]Pv 46)
""Xs‚ Bh-iy-ßƒ GXv cq]-Øn-ep≈Xmbmepw a\p-
jy≥ Xs‚ \n -lm-bX {]I-Sn-∏n®v hnfn-°p∂ GXv
hnfnbpw {]m¿∞-\-bm-Wv.'' (hn-Nn-¥\w 2012 HIvtSm-_¿ 19,
t]Pv 7)
CXm-sc-¶nepw ]d-bptam?
ap≥Km-an-Ifmb Cam-ao-ßƒ°v {]m¿∞\ F¥mWv F∂-
dn-bn√ F∂v Ko¿hmWw apg-°n-b-h¿ Ct∏mƒ _lfw
sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xpw ]c-kv]cw in¿°pw Ip^vdpw
Btcm-]n-°p-∂Xpw CtX {]m¿∞-\-bpsS Imcy-Øn-em-Wv.
C°m-e-a-{Xbpw \mw ]Tn-∏n® {]m¿∞\ icn-b-s√∂pw
Cu \n¿h-N\w Bsc-¶nepw ]d-bptam F∂p-amWv kI-
cnø kzemln A¤p-X-tØmsS tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv. At±lw
Fgp-Xp∂p: ""a\p-jy\v Ign-bm-ØXv a\p-jy-\-√mØ a‰p
Pohn-I-tfmSv tNmZn-®m¬ in¿°m-Ip-sa∂v Bsc-¶nepw ]d-
bptam? a\p-jy-\n-√mØ h√ Ignhpw a‰p h√ Pohn°pw
Ds≠-¶n¬ AXns\ Ipdn®v Aù-XnIw F∂v hI-Xn-cn-hp-
≈-h≥ ]d-bptam? henb ac-ØS- n-Iƒ ]nSn®v hen®v sIm≠v
hcm≥ a\p-jy¿ ]e-t∏mgpw B\-bpsS klmbw tXSm-
dnt√? AXv Aù-XnI klmb tX´-amtWm? henb {LmW-
ti-jn-bp≈ \mbsb tIkp-Iƒ sXfn-bn-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-
°m-dnt√? Aßs\ a\p-jy-\n-√mØ {LmW-i-‡n-bp≈
t]meokv \mbsb sIm≠v tIkv sXfn-bn-°m≥ kp√-an-
bpsS ho£-W-Øn¬ ip≤ in¿°m-Int√?'' (A-¥w-sI´
tNmZy-ßƒ, t]Pv 27)
(]-gb \n¿h-N-\w Xs∂-bmWv icn-sb∂v hmZn-°p∂
kzem-ln-bpsS Kpcp IqSn-bmb kemw kp√-an-sb-bmWv
apIfn¬ kp√an F∂XpsIm≠v Dt±-in-®-Xv.)
tIcf apkvenw-Isf Im^n-dm-°m≥ th≠n aue-hn-am¿
sIm≠p-h∂ ]pXnb {]m¿∞-\m-\n¿h-N\w Ah¿°v Xs∂
X≈n-∏-d-tb≠n h∂p. ImcWw AXv a\p-jy-\n¿an-X-am-bn-
cp-∂p. Jp¿-B-\ns‚tbm lZo-kn-s‚tbm Cam-ap-I-fp-sStbm
]n¥pW AXn-\n-√. 1935¬ ac-W-s∏´ dioZp dnf F∂
bp‡n-hm-Zn-bn¬ \n∂m-WnXv aue-hn-am¿ kzoI-cn-®-Xv.
A_vZp- emw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p:
""C_m-Z-Øn\v \n¿h-N-\-ambn \mw ]d-bm-dp-≈Xv Cu
]nf¿∏-∑m¿°v (sI.-F≥.-Fw) Akzo-Im-cy-\mb dio-Zp-cnf
Xs‚ X^vko-dn¬ ]d™ A`n-{]m-b-am-Wv. Cu \n¿h-N\w
ke-^p-If - n¬ (ap≥Km-an-If
- n¬) Hcp ]WvUn-Xs
- \-¶nepw ]d-
™Xv \ap°v D≤-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-a-√.'' (A¬ Ckvemlv
2007 s^{_p-h-cn, t]Pv 16)
(28)
ad™ hgn F∂m¬ \ap-°-dn-bmØ hgn
aue-hn-am¿ {]m¿∞-\°v \n¿h-N\w ]d-bp-tºmƒ ad™
hgn, Aù-Xn-Iw, AZr-iyw, a\pjy Ign-hn-\∏ - pdw Fs∂m
s° {]tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v. F∂m¬ F¥mWv Aù-Xn-Iw,
ad™ am¿Kw, AZriyw F∂-Xn¬ Ah¿ Xs∂ Ct∏mƒ
`n∂n-®n-cn-°b
- m-W.v sI.-F≥.Fw ]pd-Øn-d° - nb hnizm-kI- m-
cy-ßƒ F∂ ]pkvXI - Ø
- n¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""a\pjy-Ig- n-hn-\-
Xo-X-amb {]iv\-ß-fn¬ ad™ hgn-bn-eqsS ˛Fßs\
klmbw e`n-°p-∂p-sh-∂d- n-bm-sX˛ GXp klm-bhpw FØn-
°p-hm≥ Ign-hp-≈h - ≥ A√mlp am{X-am-W.v '' (t]Pv 298)
Aù- X n- I - s a- ∂ m¬ \ap- ° - d n- b mØ hgn, Fßs\
klmbw e`n-°p-∂p-sh-∂-dn-bmØ am¿Kw F∂ hni-Zo-I-
cWw ]e ÿe-ß-fn-embn aue-hn-am¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønbn-´p-
≠v. Cu Bi-b-Øn-eq-∂n-bmWv F.]n A_vZp¬ JmZn¿
auehn Ign™ Ime-ß-fn-se√mw kwhm-Z-Øn-\n-d-ßn-b-
sX∂v hnNn-¥\w hmcn-I-bn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-ap-≠v. 2009
sabv 15 t\m°p-I.
ad™ hgn F∂m¬ \ap-°-dn-bmØ hgn F∂√

Pn∂n-t\mSpw ae-°n-t\mSpw tXS¬ in¿°√ F∂ hmZ-
hp-ambn A_vZp¬ P∫m¿ auehn h∂-t∏mƒ At±-lØ - n\v
CXp kw_-‘a - mbn h∂ tNmZyhpw adp-]S- nbpw {i≤n-°pI:
""tNmZyw: Ah¿ Fß-s\- klm-bn-°p-Is - b∂v a\p-jy\v
Adn-bn-√.''
adp-]Sn: Ah-cpsS (Pn-∂v, ae-°v) klmbw Fß-s\-bm-
sW∂v Adn-tb≠ Bhiyw \ap-°n-√.
tNmZyw: At∏mƒ Cu klm-b-tX´w ad™ hgn-bn¬
IqSn D]-Imcw {]Xo-£n®v sIm≠p-≈-Xm-I-bm¬ CXv
in¿°ns‚ KW-Øn¬ s]Sp-I-bn-s√∂v sXfn-bn-°m≥ Ign-
bptam?
adp-]Sn: in¿°ns‚ Hcp Imc-Whpw AXn-en-√. AXp-
sIm≠v AXv in¿°p-a-√. ad™ hgn F∂m¬ \ap°v
ImWm≥ Ign-bm-ØXv, Fß-s\-bm-sW∂v \ap-°d - n-bm-ØXv
XpS-ßn-b-h-bm-sW∂v Cu teJ-I≥ a\- n-em-°n-bn-ń-√.''
(C-kvemlv amkn-I, 2009 Pq¨, t]. 24)
knlvdv
knlvdn\v bmYm¿∞yaps≠∂mWv Alvep p∂bpsS
hnizmkw. imcocnIambn tcmKw, thZ\, th¿]mSv XpSßn
bhbpw am\knIambn kvt\lhpw ZpxJhpap≠m°m≥ knlvdv
aptJ\ km[yamIpw. C_v\p lP¿(d) Xplv^bnepw C_v\p
lPdp¬ Akv J em\n(d) ^Xv l p¬ _mcnbnepw CXv
hniZoIcn®n´p≠v. F∂m¬ tIcf hlm_nIƒ ]ckv]c
sshcp≤yßfmWv knlvdns‚ hnjbØnepw ]Tn∏n®Xv.
(29)
knlvdv êw A⁄mX hgn-°mWv
apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p: ""KqVhpw A⁄m-Xh
- p-amb
hgn-°mWv knlvdn¬ êw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv A⁄mX
i‡n-Isf B{i-bn-°p-∂Xv Ip^vdpw in¿°p-am-bn-Øo-cpw.
(kz-`mh ]mT-ßƒ, 4 mw Xcw, t]. 15)
knlvdv êw A⁄mX hgn-°√

kI-cnø kzemln Fgp-Xp∂p: ""km[m-cW Imcy-Im-cW
_‘-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ kw`-hn-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ
t]mse Xs∂-bmWv knlvdv aptJ\ kw`-hn-°p∂ Imcy-
ß-fpw.'' (C-kvemlv 2006 Unkw_¿, t]Pv 4)
P∫m¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""knlvdns‚ GXv C\-am-
Is´ AXns‚ {]Xn-^-e\w Aù-XnI am¿K-Øn-eq-sS-
bm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿ ]ng® Nn¥m-K-Xn-°m-ct\m
hnUvVntbm Bbn-cn-°pw.'' (C-kvemlv amknI, Ppsse
2009, t]Pv 41)
(30)
knlvdv Ip^vdmWv: Da¿ auehn
Da¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""B`n-Nm-chpw a{¥-hm-Zhpw
]nim- N n- s ‚bpw Pn∂n- s ‚bpw klmbw tXSn- s °m≠v
sNøp∂ {]hr-Øn-bm-I-bm¬ AXv Ip^vdm-sW-∂-Xn¬
bmsXmcp kwi-bh - p-an-√.'' (^m-Xn-lb
- psS Xoc-Øv, sI. Da¿
aue-hn, t]Pv 90)
Da¿ auehn Aßs\ ]d-™n-ń√

Da¿ aue-hn-bpsS ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ]®-a-e-bm-f-Øn¬
Fgp- X n- b - X ns\ kI- c nø kzemln \ntj- [ n- ° p- ∂ Xv
ImWpI. ""Pn∂n-t\mSpw ]nim-Nn-t\mSpw klmbw tXS¬
knlvdn-ep-≈Xp sIm≠m-Wv knlvdv in¿°pw Ip^vdp-am-b-
sX∂v Da¿ auehn ]d-™n-ń-√.'' (A-¥w-sI´ tNmZy-ßƒ,
kI-cnø kzem-ln, t]Pv 20)
(31)
knlvdv ên°pw: sI.-Fw. auehn
BZy- I me aue- h n- a m¿ knlv d v ên°pw F∂
hnizkn®ncp∂p sI.-Fw. auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""`mcym-`¿Øm-
°-∑msc XΩn¬ `n∂n-∏n®v At\ym\yw hntcm-[n-I-fm°n
Xo¿°pI F∂Xv knlvdns‚ ê-Øn¬ s]´-Xm-Ip-∂p.''
(sI.-Fw. auehn ^Xvh-Iƒ, bph-X, t]Pv 19)
1960 Ifn¬ Aam\n aue-hn, Aehn aue-hn, aqk auehn
XpS-ßn-b-h¿ tN¿s∂-gp-Xnb Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-`m-j-bnepw
knlv d v ên- ° p- s a∂p ]Tn- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ p- ≠ v . ""knlv d n\p
bmYm¿∞y-an√ KpW-amtbm tZmj-amtbm D≈ Fs¥-
¶nepw ê-ap-≠m-°p∂ Xc-Øn¬ Hcp knlvdp-an-√. tIhew
a\p-jys\ ]In-´m-°p∂ sN∏Sn hnZy-Iƒ°v am{X-ap≈
t]cmWv knlvdv F∂n-ßs\ Nne A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ apºpw
Ct∏m-gp-ap≠v apA-vXk
- ne hn`m-K°
- m-cn¬ \n∂mWv CXns‚
D¤hw'' (hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ hnh-c-Ww, sI.-F≥.-Fw, t]Pv
338, AΩ Ppkp-Av)
knlvdv ên-°n-s√∂v 1982¬ tbmK Xocp-am\w

apPm-lnZv t\Xmhpw Fgp-Øp-Im-c\
- p-amb A_vZp-dl- vam≥
Ccn-th‰n Fgp-Xp∂p: 1982 apX-se-¶nepw (30 h¿jw) Cu
kwL-S\ hmsam-gn-bmepw hcsam-gn-bmbpw {]N-cn-∏n®p
t]m∂ Hcm-i-b-amWv knlvdv (am-c-Ww)\v bmYm¿∞y-an√m
F∂-Xv.'' (tX-Pkv Zn\-]{Xw 2012 k]vXw-_¿ 11 sNm∆)
tImb-°pń ^mdqJn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""1982 Ifn¬ tIcf PwC-
ø-Øp¬ Dea (ap-Pm-lnZv ]WvUnX k`) Iqe-¶-i-ambn
N¿® sNbvXv Xocp-am-\-sa-SpØv kap-Zm-bsØ t_m[y-s∏-
Sp-Ønb Nne kp{]-[m\ hnj-b-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ... {]hm-
N-I\v knlvdv _m[n-®p-sh-∂Xv {]hm-NI i{Xp-°f - psS hmZ-
am-Wv. AXv hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\ns‚ hy‡-amb \ zn\v FXn-
cm-Wv. F∂m¬ ]c-ºc - s
- bmØ lZo-kp-If - n¬ knlvdv _m[n-
®p-sh∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xns\ Ipdn®v \ap°v \njv]£ au\w
Ah-ew-_n-®m¬ aXn.'' (A¬^-\m¿ 2012 \hw-_¿, t]. 10)
2011 apX¬ ho≠pw knlvdv ên-°p-sa∂v

BZy-Imew knlvdv ên-°p-sa∂pw ]n∂oSv AXn-s\-
Xnsc "]WvUn-X-k`' Xocp-am-\-sa-SpØv ên-°n-s√∂v
{]Jym-]n-®Xpw \mw hmbn-®p. F∂m¬ 2011 ¬ knlvdv ên-
°p-sa∂v ]pXnb Xocpam\w h∂p. AXn-ß-s\-bmWv:
""knlvdv h≥ ]m]-ß-fn¬ s]´-Xm-sW∂pw AXn\p lIzo-
I-Xp-s≠-∂p-amWv Alvep- p-∂-Øns‚ \ne-]m-Sv. (Pn-∂v,
]nim-Nv, dnIzvb id-Cø 7, sIsP-bp)
Cu Xocp-am-\sØ (am-‰s
- Ø) kzoI-cn-°m-ØX - ns‚ t]cn-
em-Ws{X Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pw "Nn¥-I\p'amb A_vZp-dl - vam≥
Ccn-th-‰nsb kwL-S\ ]pdw-X≈ - n-bX
- v. Ccn-th‰n Fgp-Xp∂p:
""2011¬ Cu kwL-S-\-bpsS ]WvUnX kwL-S-\-bmb
sI.- s P.bp t\sc FXn- c mb Hcp Xocp- a m- \ - s a- S p- Ø p.
knlvdn\v bmYm¿∞y-ap≠v F∂ ]pXnb Xocp-am\w {]Jym-
]n-°p-tºmƒ \mfnXp hsc {]t_m-[\w sNbvXp-t]m-∂,
knlvdn\p bmYm¿∞y-an√ F∂ hmZw ]n≥h-en-®-Xmtbm
sX‰p-]‰ - n-t∏m-bX
- n¬ tJZw {]I-Sn-∏n-®X
- mtbm H∂pw ImWp-
∂n-√. Cu ]pXnb Xocp-am\w kzoI-cn-°m-Ø-Xns‚ t]cn-
emWv 1965 apX¬ kwL- S - \ - b psS hnhn[ ÿm\- ß -
fnencp∂p {]h¿Øn-®p-t]m∂ Fs∂-t∏m-ep-≈-hsc Cu
kwL-S-\-bpsS {]mY-anI AwK-Xz-Øn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øm-°n-
bn-´p-≈-Xv.'' (tX-Pkv Zn\-]-{Xw, 2012 k]vXw-_¿ 11 sNm∆)
knlvdv ên-°p-sa∂ hnizmkw in¿°v Xs∂

knlvdv ên-°p-sa∂ hnizmkw Xulo-Zn\p aue-hn-am¿
\¬In-h-cp∂ \n¿h-N-\sØ s]mfn-®p-I-f-bp-sa∂v kemw
kp√-an. At±lw Fgp-Xp∂p: ""knlvdn\v bmYm¿∞y-ap-
s≠∂v ]d-b¬ AZr-iy-am¿K-Øn-eqsS A√m-lp-hn\p
]pdsa a‰p- ≈ - h cpw D]- { Z- h n- ° p- s a∂v ]d- b p- ∂ - X n¬
bmYm¿∞y-ap-s≠∂v {]Jym-]n-°-em-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Aßs\
hnizm-k-Øn¬ in¿°v kw`-hn-°p-∂p.'' (Xu-loZpw \h-bm-
Ym-ÿ-nXn-I-cpsS hyXn-bm-\-hpw, t]Pv 129)
ItÆdv
ItÆdv kXyamsW∂v \_n(kz) ]Tn∏n®Xmbn Camw
_pJmcn(d) ]Tn∏n°p∂p≠v. (_pJmcn 5488 lZokv)
F∂m¬ auehnam¿°nSbn¬ CXnepw sshcp≤y
hmZßfpw in¿°mtcm]Whpw \ap°p ImWmw.
(32)
ItÆdv ên-°n√
ItÆdv ên-°p-sa∂ hmZhpw hnizm-k-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-W-
s{X. i_m_v Fgp-Xp∂p: ""ItÆdpw ]ncm°pw H∂p-X-s∂.
H∂v IÆv sIm≠pw as‰m∂v \m°p sIm≠pw F∂
hyXymkw am{Xw. c≠n-s‚bpw êw H∂p-X-s∂. AZr-iy-
amb \ne-bn¬ \miw hcp-Øn-sh-°p-∂p. Imcy-Im-cW _‘-
Øn-\X - o-Xa
- mbpw Aù-XnI \ne-bnepw IÆn\pw \m°n\pw
\mi-ap-≠m-°m≥ Ign-hp-s≠∂v hniz-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. ...
NmØ-\m-bmepw AΩ-Zm-bmepw h¿Ko-km-bmepw ItÆdpw
]ncm°pw X´p-sa-∂mWv hniz-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ssJdpw
i¿dpw hcp-Øn-sh-°p-∂Xv A√mlp BsW-∂Xv Cuam-
\ns‚ Bdp Imcy-ß-fn¬ H∂m-Wv. B hnizmkw ItÆdpw
]ncm°pw bmYm¿∞y-am-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-cm-
Wv..... ItÆdv _m[n-°p-I, ]ncm°v X´pI F∂n-h-sb√mw
Cuam-\n\v hncp-≤-am-Wv.'' (i-_m_v 2012 G{]n¬ 27, t].23)
ItÆ-dn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿ aqV-∑m¿

Aam\n auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""ItÆ-dns\ Xs∂ \ntj-
[n-°p-∂-hcpw Aß-s\-sbm∂v Ds≠∂v ]d-bp-∂-hsc
hnUvVn-I-fmbn KWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cp-ap-≠v. F∂m¬
ItÆdv Ds≠∂v hy‡-am-°p∂ lZo-kp-Iƒ \mw I≠p-I-
gn-™p. AXn-\m¬ lZo-kn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂h¿°m¿°pw
Xs∂ Aß-s\-sbm∂v Cs√∂v ]d-™p-Iq-Sm. C_v\p¬
Jønw ]d-bp-∂p. _p≤n-sIm≠pw Adnhp sIm≠pw hf-sc-
sbm∂pw A\p-{K-ln-°-s∏-ń-ń-√mØ Nne-bm-fp-Iƒ ItÆdv
\ntj-[n-°p-∂p-≠v. AXv bmYm¿∞y-a√ - . shdpw Dulm-t]m-
l-am-sW-∂mWv Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂X - v. _p≤nbpw A\p-`h - ⁄
- m-
\hpw aX-]-c-amb Adnhpw Ipd™ aqV-∑mcpw aqU-[m-c-
W-I-fpsS Iń-tb-dnb ad-bv°-IØv Ign-bp-∂-hcpw AtX-
k-abw sXmen-°ń IqSn-b-h-cp-am-W-h¿. a\- n-s\tbm
Bflm-hn-s\tbm kw_-‘nt®m Ah-cpsS KpW-ß-sftbm
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-sftbm {]Xn-^-e-\-ß-sftbm kw_-‘nt®m
hnZqc ⁄m\ta Ah¿°p-≈q. PmXn-aX - t- `-Za
- t\y Hcp kap-
Zm-b-Øn-sebpw _p≤n-am-∑m¿ ItÆdv \ntj-[n-°p-Itbm
X≈p-Itbm sNøp-∂-h-c-√. ItÆ-dns‚ Imc-W-sØ-∏‰n
Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°m-sa∂p
am{Xw.'' (C-kvem-anI Pohn-Xw, Aam\n aue-hn, t]Pv 458, 459)
(33)
ae-°n-t\mSpw Pn∂n-t\mSpw tXS¬
A\p-h-Z-\o-b-amWv
XuloZv hna¿i-\-ßƒ°v adp-]Sn F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬
A_vZp¬ P∫m¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""]c-kv]cw I≠p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ a\p-jy¿ ]c-kv]cw At\ym\yw klm-
bn-°p-∂p. klmbw tXSp-∂p. CXp-t]mse Atßm´p
ImWp-∂n-s√-¶nepw ae-°p-I-tfmSpw Pn∂p-I-tfmSpw klm-
bm-`y¿∞\ \S-Øm-sa∂v Xplv^-Xp-±m-In-co-\n¬ iuIm\n
]d-™Xpw CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.'' (t]Pv 207)
""hnP\ ÿe-ß-fn¬ ae-°p-Isf G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v
F∂pw Bhiyw t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ Ah-tcmSv ]d-tb-≠Xv
F¥m- s W∂v \sΩ Adn- b n- ® - X - \ p- k - c n®v \mw AXv
{]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p-∂Xv sIm≠v AXn¬ {]m¿∞\ Btcm-
]n-°m-\mbn H∂p-an-√. CX-\p-k-cn®v lºen Camw Xs‚
bm{X-bn¬ hgn-b-dn-bmsX hnj-an-®-t∏mƒ ASn-a-Isf
F\n°p hgn- I m- W n- ° - t W... F∂p ]d™ kw`hw
kzlolv Bbn ÿnc-s∏-´-Xm-sW-¶n¬ Xs∂ Aù-XnI
am¿K-Øn-ep≈ Hcp tX´w Xs∂ AXn-en√'' (AtX ]pkvX-
Iw, t]Pv 208)
Pn∂n-t\mSpw ae-°n-t\mSpw tXS¬ in¿°mWv

hnNn-¥\w Fgp-Xp∂p: a\p-jy-cmb \mw klmbw tXSn-
bmtem hnfn-®mtem DØcw sNbvXv klm-bn-°m-\p≈
Ignhpw {]Ir-Xnbpw A√mlp \¬InbXv a\p-jy¿°v am{X-
am- W v . Pn∂p- I ƒ°pw ae- ° p- I ƒ°pw Cß- s \- s bmcp
Ignhpw {]Ir-Xn-bp-an-√. AXn-\m¬ Xs∂ GXv hn]¬ L´-
ß-fn-em-bmepw c£ {]Xo-£n®v a\p-jy≥ Ahsc hnfn-
®m¬ AX-h-tcm-Sp≈ {]m¿∞-\bpw in¿°pw Aù-Xn-I-
hp-am-hpw.'' (hn-Nn-¥\w 2012 \hw-_¿ 9, t]Pv 10)
(34)
ae-°n-s‚bpw Pn∂n-s‚bpw Ignhv

Aù-XnIw
Pn∂n-s‚bpw ae-°n-s‚bpw Ignhv ùXn-I-am-sW∂
hmZsØ JWvUn-®p-sIm≠v hnNn-¥\w Fgp-Xp∂p: ""apkven-
amb Pn∂n-t\mSv klmbw tNmZn-°m-sa∂pw ImcWw Pn∂v
ùXnI krjvSn-bm-sW∂pw AXn-\m¬ klm-b-Øn¬
Aù-Xn-I-X-bn-s√-∂p-amWv Hcp Iq´¿ hmZn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-
∂-Xv. Pn∂ns‚ klmbw ùXn-Ia - m-sW-¶n¬ F¥n\v Im^n-
dmb Pn∂ns\ am‰n-\n¿ØWw F∂v h√-hcpw tNmZn-®m¬
C°q-´¿°v F¥p≠v adp-]Sn? Im^n-dmb sXmgn-em-fn-It- fmSv
\mw klmbw tNmZn-°m-dnt√? AXv ]mSn-s√∂v \mw ]d-
bm-dn-√t√m? (hn-Nn-¥\w 2012 Unkw-_¿ 7, t]Pv 5)
""ae-°p-If
- n¬ \n∂pw c£ {]Xo-£n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ tX´w
Ah-tcm-Sp≈ {]m¿∞-\bpw in¿°p-am-Ip-sa∂v hy‡w.
ImcWw a\p-jysc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ch¿ AZr-iy-
i-‡n-Iƒ Xs∂-bm-Wv. Chsb \ΩpsS ]t©-{µn-b-ßƒ
sIm≠v Is≠-ØpI km[y-a-√.'' (hn-Nn-¥\w 2012 \hw-
_¿ 19, t]Pv 10)
Pn∂n-s‚bpw ae-°n-s‚bpw Ignhv
Aù-Xn-I-a√
kI-cnø kzemln Fgp-Xp∂p: ""ae-°p-I-fp-sSbpw Pn∂p-
I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hp-I-fp-sSbpw {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-sSbpw Imcy-
Im-c-W-ßƒ \ap°v ]nSn-In-´p-∂n-s√-¶nepw AsX√mw
Ah¿°v A√mlp \n›-bn® Imcy-Im-c-W-ßƒ Xs∂-bm-
Wv. AXv sIm≠p Xs∂ AXns\ Ipdn®v Aù-Xn-Is - at∂m
Imcy-Im-cW _‘-ßƒ°-Xo-X-sat∂m _p≤nbpw hI-Xn-
cnhpw D≈-h¿ ]d-bp-I-bn-√.'' (k-e^n {]ÿm-\w hna¿i-
\-ßfpw adp-]-Sn-bpw, t]Pv 104)
CtX Bibw P∫m¿ aue-hnbpw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p≠v: ""ae-
°p-Iƒ°pw ]nim-Np-°ƒ°pw A√mlp \¬Inb Ignhv
Aù-Xn-I-am-sWt∂m Imcy-Im-c-W-_-‘-Øn¬ s]Sm-Ø-
Xm-sWt∂m {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Plm-e-Øm-Wv.'' (Xu-loZv
hna¿i-\ßƒ°v adp-]-Sn, t]Pv 206)
(35)
]nim-Nns\ Bcm-[n-®m¬ klm-bn-°p-sa-∂Xv
in¿°≥ hnizmkw
aue-hn-am¿°nS-bn¬ Xocp-am-\a
- m-ImØ Hcp hnj-ba
- mWv
]nimNv klm-bn-°ptam Ct√ F∂-Xv. ]nim-Nns\ Bcm-
[n-®m¬ Ah≥ klm-bn-°p-sa∂p Hcp hn`m-Kw. C√, AXv
in¿°≥ hnizm- k - a m- s W∂v as‰mcp hn`m- K w.
i-_m_v Fgp-Xp∂p:
""Pn∂p-Isf Bcm-[n-°p-Itbm ]qPn-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬
Ah≥ klm-bn-°p-sa∂v Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√. AXv
in¿°≥ hnizm-k-am-Wv F∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-
Xv.'' (i-_m_v 2012 Pqsse, t]Pv 27)
A_vZp- emw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√m-lp-hn\p ]pdsa
Bcm-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ bmsXmcp D]-Im-chpw D]-{Z-hhpw
sNøp-I-bn-s√∂v ]cn-ip≤ Jp¿-B≥ kaq-lsØ ]Tn-∏n-
°p-∂p... ]nim-Nns\ Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw Ah\v hgn-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw sNbvXm¬ bmsXmcp D]-Im-chpw Ah≥ sNbvXp
Xcn-I-bn-√, Ah-t\mSv {]m¿∞n-®mepw. C{]-Im-c-amWv GI-
ssZh hnizm-kn-Iƒ Cu Bb-Øns\ (a¿bw 44) hymJym-
\n-°p-∂-Xv. ]nim-Nn-t\mSv \mw {]m¿∞n-®m¬ \ΩpsS
{]m¿∞- \ °v DØcw \¬Ip- h m≥ Ah\v km[y- a - √ .
F∂m¬ Ahs\ tkhn-°p-Ibpw ]qPn-°p-Ibpw Bcm-[n-
°p-Ibpw in¿°v, ldmw apX-em-bh {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXm¬ Ah≥ D]-Imcw sNbvXp-Xcpw F∂ hnNn{X
hymJym\w Hcp ]WvUn-X\pw \¬In-bn-ń-√. \h-bm-Ym-ÿn-
Xn-I-c-√m-sX.'' (Xu-loZpw \h-bm-Ym-ÿn-Xn-I-cpsS hyXn-
bm-\-hpw, t]Pv 89, 90)
Bcm-[n-®mepw Cs√-¶nepw klmbn°pw

]nim-Nns\ Bcm-[n-®mepw Cs√-¶nepw ]nim-Nn¬ \n∂v
]e klm-bhpw In´p-sa∂v Ign™ Ime aue-hn-am¿ ]Tn-
∏n-®p-t]m-bn-´p-≠v. Aam\n auehn Ckvem-anI PohnXw
F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p:
""GsX-¶nepw Hcp ]nim-Nns\ {]tXyIw tkhn-®n-s√-
¶n¬ IqSn ad™ Imcyw, KWn®pw {]iv\w t\m°nbpw
]d-bp∂ Imcy-Øn¬ ss]im-NnI klmbw In´pw. CXn¬
bmsXmckmwK-Xyhpw C√ Xs∂. ]nim-Nns\ {]tXyIw
]qPbpw a‰p I¿Ω- ß fpw \SØn tkhn- ° p- ∂ - h ¿°v
Ahs‚ tkh e`n-°p-sa-∂-Xnepw Akmw-K-Xy-an-√.'' (C-
kvem-anI Pohn-Xw, t]Pv 429)
sI. Da¿ aue-hn-bp-sSbpw F≥.hn A_vZp- emw auehn
(A-co-t°m-Sv)-bp-sSbpw Bio¿hm-Z-tØmsS "a\p-jys‚
bYm¿∞ i{Xp' F∂ t]cn¬ tUm. Dkvam≥ (sI.-F≥Fw
ap≥ kwÿm\ {]kn- U - ≠ v ) ]pd- Ø n- d - ° nb ]pkv X -
IØnepw C°mcyw Gsd hni-Zo-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v.
""]nim-Nns\ Bcm-[n-°p∂ ]nim-Nns‚ C—°p hnt[-
b-ambn {]h¿Øn-°p∂ a\p-jy¿°v Ah≥ Nne-t∏mƒ
Nn√d D]-Im-c-ßƒ sNbvXp sImSp-tØ-°mw..... Bcm-[-\-
bn-eqsS ]nim-Nns‚ an{X-ß-fmbn amdp-∂-h¿°v ]nim-Nn¬
\n∂p≈ Nne D]-Im-cß - ƒ e`n-t®-°pw.... Bcm-[\
- b
- n-eqsS
]nim-Nns‚ an{X-ß-fm-Ip-∂-h¿°v am{Xta ]nim-Nn¬\n-
∂p≈ D]-Im-c-ßƒ e`n-°p-∂p-≈q.'' (a\pjys‚ bYm¿∞
i{Xp, t]Pv 21, 23, 78, tUm. Dkvam≥)
(1971epw 1992epw k¬k-_o¬ amkn-I-bn¬ c≠v Xh-
W-bmbn h∂ XpS¿te-J-\-amWv "a\p-jys‚ bYm¿∞
i{Xp, apJy i{Xp' F∂o t]cp-I-fn-embn ]pd-Øn-d-ßnb
Cu ]pkvX-Iw)
(36)
Pn∂n\pw ae-°n\pw \sΩ
klm-bn-°m≥ km[y-a√
Ign-™-Ime t\XrXzw ]Tn-∏n-®Xv in¿°n-te-°p≈ hgn-
bm-sW-∂mWv B[p-\nI aue-hn-am-cpsS ]£w. i_m_v
Fgp-Xp∂p:
""F∂m¬ a\p-jy\p \¬I-s∏´ Ign-hp-If - psS ]cn-[n°pw
]cn-an-Xn°pw A∏p-dØv (Im-cy-Im-c-W _‘-ßƒ°-Xo-X-
am-bn) \sΩ klm-bn-°m≥ Hcmƒ°pw km[y-a√ F∂v
Jp¿-B≥ Ak-∂n-Kv[a - mbn {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p.'' (i-_m_v 2012
Pqsse 27, t]Pv 34)
Pn∂v, ae-°v \sΩ klm-bn-°pw
Pn∂pw ae°pw \sΩ klm-bn-°p-sa∂v Ign™ Ime
t\Xm-°ƒ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. tUm. Dkvam≥ Fgp-Xp∂p:
""hfsc hy‡-ambn Hcp Ai-co-cn-bpsS a{¥w {i≤n®v
Fgp-Xp∂ alm-Ih - n-Ifpw kmln-Xy-Im-c∑
- m-cp-ap-≠v. Nne¿°v
tIs´-gpØv sImSp-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse D®-Øn¬ ]d-™p-sIm-
SpØv Fgp-Xn-∏n-°p∂ AZr-iy-amb an{X-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cn-
°pw... Ad_n kmlnXy Ncn-{X-Øn¬ ]e Ad_n alm-I-
hn-Iƒ°pw Cßs\ Pn∂p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw Cu klm-bn-Iƒ
D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p-≠v. Cßs\ ]e \ne-
hm-c-Ønepw a\p-jy\pw Pn∂p-Ifpw XΩn¬ ktµ-i-ßƒ
Adn-bn-®p-sIm≠v kmlnXy \n¿ΩmWw \S-Øp-∂p-s≠-∂p-
≈Xv Hcp bmYm¿∞y-amWv.'' (a-\p-jys‚ bYm¿∞ i{Xp,
t]Pv 33) Aam-\n-bpsS Ckvem-anI Pohn-X-sa∂ ]pkvX-
I-Ønepw CØcw Bi-b-ßƒ ImWmw.
(37)
Pn∂n-t\mSpw ae-°n-t\mSpw tXS¬
{]m¿∞-\-b√: sNdn-b-ap≠w
aS-hq¿ {Kq∏v t\Xmhpw i_m_v hmcn-I-bpsS FUn-‰-dp-
amb A_vZp¬l-aoZv aZ\n Fgp-Xp∂p: ""hnP\ {]tZ-iØv
D≠m-tb-°m≥ CS-bp≈ Pn∂p-Ifpw ae-°p-Ifpw Dƒs∏-
sS-bp≈ krjvSn-I-tfmSv Ah¿°v Ignhp \¬I-s∏´ hnj-
b-Øn¬ klmbw Bh-iy-s∏-´m¬ AXpw {]m¿∞-\-bm-
sW∂v ]d-bm-hp-∂-X-√.'' ({]m¿∞-\, XuloZv tNmZy-
ßƒ°v adp-]-Sn, t]Pv 103)
\ncp-]m-[nIw in¿°pw Ip^vdp-amWv
Pn∂n-t\mSpw ae°n-t\mSpw klmbw tXS¬ \ncp-]m-
[nIw in¿°pw Ip^vdp-am-sW∂v i_m_v hmcnI (aShq¿
{Kq∏v) Xs∂ hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv ImWpI:
""ae-°n-t\mSpw Pn∂n-t\mSpw ]nim-Nn-t\mSpw klmbw
tXS¬ in¿°m-sW∂v {]Jym-]n-°m≥ apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ `b-
s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√. Ah-cpsS Ign-hns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ hcp-∂-Xv,
Ign-hns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ hcm-Ø-Xv, Xs‚ i_vZ-Øn-s‚ ]cn-
[n-bn¬ hcp-∂-h¿, hcm-Ø-h¿ F∂ th¿Xn-cnhv apPm-lnZv
{]ÿm-\Ø - nse BZy-Ime ]WvUn-X∑ - m-cn¬ Hcmfpw \n_-
‘-\s - h-°p-∂n-√. ae-°p-Ifpw Pn∂p-Ifpw AZr-iy-tem-IØv
Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Ah-tcmSv klmbw
tXSp-∂Xv \ncp-]m-[nIw in¿°pw Ip^vdp-am-Wv.'' (i-_m_v
2006 P\p-hcn 18, t]Pv 10)
(38)
ae-°p-Iƒ klm-bn°psa∂ hnizmkw in¿°v
aShq¿ {Kq∏v t\Xmhv A_vZp- emw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p:
""ae-°p-Iƒ°pw Pn∂p-Iƒ°pw \sΩ klm-bn-°-phm≥
km[n-°p-sa∂v h√-h\pw hniz-kn-®m¬ Ahs‚ hnizm-k-
Øn¬ in¿°pw Ip^vdpw kw`-hn-°p-∂p. Cu hnizm-k-
Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ h√-h\pw ae-°p-I-sfbpw Pn∂p-
I-sfbpw hnfn®v klmbw tXSn-bm¬ Ahs‚ I¿Ω-Ønepw
in¿°pw Ip^vdpw kw`-hn-°p-∂p.'' (Xu-loZpw \h-bm-Ym-
ÿn-Xn-I-cpsS hyXn-bm-\-hpw, t]Pv 11)
ae-°p-Isf hnfn-°q, Ah¿ c£-s°Øpw
aS-hq¿ {Kq∏v t\Xm-hv sI.-sI. apl-ΩZv kp√an {Kq∏v
amkn- I - b mb AØu- l o- Z n¬ Fgp- X p∂p: ""Jp¿- B ≥
HmXp∂ BfpsS ASp-°¬ A\p-{K-l-Øns‚ ae-°p-Iƒ
hcpw. P¥p-°ƒ Adn-bpw. acp-`q-an-bn¬ H‰-s∏-´p-t]m-bm¬
Dds° hnfn-®-t\z-jn-°p-I. ae-°p-Iƒ c£-s°-Øpw.''
(AØu-lo-Zv, 2004 G{]n¬, t]. 13)
(39)
Pn∂ns‚ Ignhv Aù-Xn-I-a√
Aù-XnIw F∂ ]Z-Øn-emWv hlm_n XuloZv F∂p-
]-d-™m¬ sX‰m-In-√. F∂m¬ Ct∏mgpw (\q-‰m-t≠m-S-Sp-
Øn-´pw) F¥mWv Aù-XnIw F∂v Xocp-am-\n-°m≥ aue-
hn-am¿°v Xs∂ km[n-®n-ń-√. aS-hq¿ {Kq∏nse {]K-¤-cmb
c≠v aue-hn-am¿ XΩn¬ \SØp∂ ]c-kv]c hncp-≤m-`n-
{]m-b-ßƒ {i≤n-°pI: sNdn-b-ap≠w laoZvaZ\n FgpXp
∂p: ""Pn∂p-Iƒ°v A√mlp \¬Ip∂ Ignhv a\pjy Ign-
hn\v AXo-X-sa-¶nepw AXns\ Aù-Xn-I-sa∂p hnti-jn-
∏n-°p-∂Xv Ckvem-anI ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ icn-b-√. Aù-Xn-I-
amb Ignhv F∂v \mw ]d-bp-tºmƒ Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv A√mlp
krjv S n- I ƒ°m¿°pw \¬In- b n- ´ n- √ mØ Ign- h m- W v . ''
({]m¿∞-\, Xulo-Zv, tNmZy-ßƒ°v adp-]-Sn, t]Pv 78)
Pn∂ns‚ Ignhv Aù-XnIw
Pn∂v klmbw Aù-XnIw Xs∂-bm-sW∂pw As√∂
hmZw ]pØ≥\n¿an-Xn-bm-sW∂pw kemw kp√an \nc-h[n
ÿe-ß-fn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v.
""ae-°n-t\mtSm Pn∂n-t\mtSm C^vco-Xn-t\mtSm klmbw
tXSn-bm¬ AXv Imcy-Im-cW _‘-Øn\v AXo-Xhpw
Aù-Xn-Ihpw AZr-iyhpw ad-™-Xp-amb hgn-bn-eq-sS-bp≈
klmbw tXS-em-Wv. C{]-Imcw klmbw tXSn-bm¬ klm-
bn-°p-sa∂v am{Xw hniz-kn®p. klmbw tXSn-bn√. F∂m¬
hnizm-k-Øn¬ in¿°v h∂p.'' (i-_m_v 2006 Unkw-_¿
29, t]Pv 1)
""ae-°p-I-fp-sSbpw Pn∂p-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hp-Ifpw \nb-{¥-
Whpw IqSn C√m-Xm-bm¬ am{X-amWv Imcy-Im-cW _‘w
apdn-bp∂ cwKw As√-¶n¬ Aù-XnI am¿Kw AZr-iy-
am¿Kw Fs∂√mw ]d-bp-hm≥ ]mSp≈q F∂Xv Xulo-Zn¬
hy‡-amb hyXn-bm\w kw`-hn-®-h-cpsS P¬∏\w am{X-am-
Wv.'' (i-_m_v 2007 P\p-hcn 12, t]Pv 10) Pn∂n-t\mSpw ae-
°n-t\m-Sp-ap≈ tX´w Aù-Xn-I-a√ F∂ hmZ-°msc (a-S-
hq¿ {Kq∏nse sNdn-ba - p≠w hn`m-Ks
- Ø) JWvUn-®p-sIm≠v
kemw kp√an Fgp-Xp-∂p:
""Pn∂p- I sfbpw ae- ° p- I - s fbpw Dt±- i n- ® p- s Im≠v
klmbw tXSp-∂Xv AZr-iyhpw Aù-Xn-I-hp-amb am¿K-
Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ klm-bt- X´w As√∂pw ae-°p-Ifpw Pn∂p-
Ifpw Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ k¿∆ krjvSn-I-fp-sSbpw Ign-hp-I-
fn¬ Dƒs∏-SmØ Imcy-ßƒ tNmZn-°p-tºm-gmWv Imcy-Im-
cW _‘-Øn\v AXoXw AYhm Aù-XnI am¿Kw BIp-
∂Xv F∂s{X Ch¿ \¬Ip∂ ]pXnb \n¿h-N-\-ßƒ. acp-
`q-an-bn-eqsS hgn-bd
- n-bmsX \S-∂p-\o-ßp∂ a\p-jy≥ Pn∂p-
I-sfbpw ae-°p-I-sfbpw hnfn®p tXSn-bm¬ in¿°pw
Ip^vdp-am-hp-I-bn-s√-¶n¬ I∏¬ apßp∂ kµ¿`-Øn¬
Ahsc hnfn®v klmbw tXSn-bmepw in¿°pw Ip^vdp-am-
hp-I-bn-√-t√m. a°m apivcn-°p-I-sf-t]mepw e÷n-∏n-°p∂
hmZ-ß-fmWv CXv.'' (Xu-loZpw \h-bm-Ym-ÿn-Xn-I-cpsS
hyXn-bm-\-hpw, t]Pv 18)
(40)
a°m apivcn-°p-Iƒ ]q¿W hnizmkn
""a°sØ apivcn-°p-Iƒ temIsØ krjvSn-°p-Ibpw
]cn-]m-en-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ A√m-lp-hn¬ ]q¿W-ambn
hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.'' (ssiJv Poem-\n, t]Pv 41,
C.sI aue-hn)
a°m apivcn-°p-Iƒ hnizm-kn-I-f√

a°m apivcn-°p-Iƒ ]cn-]q¿W hnizm-kn-I-fm-sW-∂mWv
aue-hn-am-cpsS hnizm-kw. F∂m¬ hnizm-k-Im-cy-ß-fn¬
H∂n¬t]mepw a°-bnse apivcn-°p-Iƒ°v hnizm-k-ap-≠m-
bn-cp-∂n-s√-∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Aam\n ]cn-
`m-j-bn-eqsS \ap-°Xv a\- n-em-°mw. ""B Iq´¿ Xß-fpsS
d∫n¬ Ahn-izkn-®-h-c-s{X.'' (A-am\n ]cn-`mj 2/1583)
""Ch-cm-I-s´, ]ca Imcp-Wn-Is\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂p.'' (D-a¿
aue-hn) ]cn-`mj kqdx dAvZv 30) Ah-cm-I-s´, ]c-a-Im-cp-
Wn-I-\n¬ Ahn-iz-kn-°p-∂p. (A-am\n ]cn-`mj 2/1600)
A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Cßs\ ssZh-Øns‚ AXn-cn-
√mØ Ign-hp-Iƒ t_m[y-s∏-ń´pw A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-
°m-Ø-Xn-s\-°mƒ A¤p-X-I-c-am-Wv ac-W-tijw Ah¿
]p\¿Po-hn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-sa-∂-Xns\ Ah¿ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-Xv.
Ah¿ I¬∏n-®p-Iqń A√m-lp-hns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-hcpw
\µn-tISv ImWn-°p-∂-h-cp-am-Wv.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 1999 Pqsse,
t]Pv 15)
\_n(-k)-sbbpw Jp¿-B-\n-s\bpw Ahn-iz-kn®p
kqdx A≥Bw A©mw kq‡-Øn\p Aam\n \¬Inb
hnh¿Ø\w ImWp-I. ""Aßs\ Ah¿°p bmYm¿∞yw
h∂-t∏mƒ Ah¿ AXns\ hymP-am°n If-™p. CXn\p
Aam\n \¬Inb hni-Zo-I-cWw ImWp-I. ""bYm¿∞w
sIm≠p-t±iyw \_n(-k)-bpsS {]hm-N-I-Xzhpw AXp-ambn
_‘-s∏´ Jp¿-B≥ apX-em-b-h-bp-am-Ip-∂p... Ah-cpsS
\ntj-[-Øns‚ êw Ah¿ A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw
F∂v A√mlp Xm°oXp sNøp-∂p.' (A-am\n ]cn-`mj 959)
kqd-Xp¬ A≥^m¬ 31-\v Aam\n \¬Inb hnh¿Ø\w
ImWp- I . ""Ah¿°p (A- h n- i zm- k n- I ƒ°p) \ΩpsS
BbØp(e-£yw)Iƒ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bm¬ Ah¿
]d-bpw. Rßƒ tI´p Ign-™p. Rßƒ (th-W-sa-∂p)
Dt±-in-°p-∂X- m-bm¬ CXp-t]mse Rßfpw ]d-bpI Xs∂
sNøpw. CXv ]q¿∆n-I∑ - m-cpsS ]pcm-X\ IY-If - √
- msX (as‰m-
∂pw) A√.'' CXn\p Aam\n \¬Inb hni-Zo-Ic - Ww ImWp-
I. ""\ntj-[Øn¬ \n∂pw a¿°S apjvSn-bn¬ \n∂pw
_ln¿K- a n- ° p∂ ]cn- l m- k hpw [n°m- c - h p- s a- ∂ - X n¬
Ihn™p Ah-cpsS Cu hm°p-Iƒs°mc¿∞-hp-an-√.
Aam-\n-bpsS hni-Zo-I-cWw C\nbpw hmbn-°pI: ""apl-
ΩZv {]t_m-[\w sNøp∂ CsXms° Xs∂-bmWv \ns‚
hI bmYm¿∞y-sa-¶n¬ AXn-sem∂pw hniz-kn-°p-hm≥
Rßƒ Xøm-dn-√. I¬ag h¿jn-∏nt®m a‰p h√ ITn\
in£bpw \¬Intbm Rßsf in£n-®mepw icn Rßƒ
AXn\p hg-ßm≥ t]mIp-∂n-√. F∂m-Wt√m B apivcn-
°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂X - ns‚ XmXv]c - yw.'' (Aam\n Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-
`mj 1232)
ae-°p-I-fnepw hnizm-k-an√
ae-°p-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ a°-fm-sW-∂m-W-h-cpsS
hnizm-kw. kqdx kpJvdp^v 19-˛mw kq‡-Øn\p Aam\n
\¬Inb ]cn-`mj ImWp-I. ""]ca Imcp-Wn-Is‚ ASn-
bm≥am-cm-Ip∂ ae-°p-Isf Ah¿ kv{XoI-fm-°p-Ibpw sN-
bvXn-cn-°p-∂p.'' a°m apivcn-°p-I-fpsS ae-°p-I-fn-ep≈
hnizmkw Fß-s\-sb∂v Aam\n hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p.
ae-°p-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ s]ä-°-fm-sW∂v apivcn-
°p-Iƒ hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p. ae-°p-I-fpsS \ma-Øn¬ hn{K-
l-ß-fp-≠m°n Ah¿ Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. (A-
am\n Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-`mj 2778)
A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""a°m apivcn-°p-Iƒ°v henb
A_≤w ]nW-™p. ae-°p-Isf Ah¿ kv{XoI-fmbn Nn{Xo-
I-cn-®p. ae-°p-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ s]ä-°-fm-sW∂v
Ah¿ hmZn-®-t∏mƒ Ah-cpsS hmZw IqSp-X¬ hnUvVn-Ø-
am-bn'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2007 Pq¨ 35)
CØcw hnizmkw sh®v ]pe¿Øp-∂h - s
- c-bmWv apPmln-
Zp-Iƒ ]q¿W-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ F∂p ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv.
apivcnIv F∂p ]d-™m¬ Xs∂ _lp-ssZh hnizmkn
F∂mWv. _lp-ssZh hnizmkn Fßs\ A√m-lp-hn¬
]q¿W hnizm-kn-bm-bn-Øo-cpw.
A√m-lp-hn\p hwi-]-c-ºc
a°m apivcn- ° p- I - f psS hnizm- k sØ Ipdn®v
A_vZp¬lJv kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: a°-bnse _lp-ssZ-hm-
cm-[-I¿ Bcm-[y-X-sb-Ip-dn®p Nn¥n-®Xv Ah-cpsS tIh-e-
_p-≤n-sIm-≠m-Wv. a\p-jys‚ DXv]Ø- n-sb-t]mse Ahs‚
D¬]-Ønsb Ah¿ I≠p Aß-s\-sb-¶n¬ A√m-lp-hn\pw
Hcp hwi-]-c-ºc D≠m-I-W-a-s√m F∂-h¿ Duln-®p. ...
F∂m¬ ssZhsØ Ipdn-®p≈ Ah-cpsS Dulw sX‰m-Wv.
(\o Xs∂ A√m-lp, t]Pv 24)
(41)
ssIIm-epIƒ apØ¬ Pmln-en-ø-Ønse
_¿I-sØ-Sp-°¬
alm-∑m-cpsS ssIIm-ep-Iƒ apØp-∂X - ns\ Bt£-]n®p
sIm≠v i_m_v Fgp-Xp∂p: ""]pWyw t\S-ens\ Bcm-[-
\-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Ønb {]hm-NI kao-]\w {it≤-b-
a-s{X. ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cpsS ssIIm-ep-Iƒ, hkv{X-ßƒ XpS-
ßn-bh apØepw Ah¿ \¬Ip∂ ]pWy-Pew ss\th-Zy-
ßfpw `‡n-tbmsS Ign-°p-∂Xpw kq£n-®p-sh-°p-∂-Xp-
sa√mw Pmln-en-ø-Ønse _¿I-sØ-Sp-°¬ cq]-ß-fm-Ip-
∂p.'' (i-_m_v 2009 G{]n¬ 24, t]Pv 24)
ssIIm¬ Npw_\w Cam-ap-I-fpsS am¿Kw

A¬a\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""_pJm-cn-bpsS lZokv ]mWvUn
Xyw I≠v Aº-c∂ At±lw (Camw apkvenw) ]d™p:
"lZokv km{am-Py-Øns‚ \mbIm Rm≥ Aß-bpsS Ccp-
]m-Zß
- fpw H∂p Npw_n-°s- ´.'. Camw apkvenw, Camw _pJm-
cnsb F{X-tØmfw BZ-cn-®n-cp∂p F∂p CXn¬ \n∂p
a\- n-em-°mw.'' (A¬ a\m¿) ssIIm¬ Npw_\w Bcm-
[-\-b-√. BZ-c-hm-sW∂v Cam-ap-I-fn-eqsS apkvenw temIw
Xncn-®-dn-™XpsIm≠mWv C∂pw XpS¿∂p hcp-∂-Xv.
Ddp°v
Ckvemw AwKoIcn® Bflob NnIn’bn¬ s]´XmWv
Ddp°v. Jp¿B≥ kq‡ßfpw ZnIvdpIfpw ISemkntem
XInSntem FgpXn sI´pI F∂XmWnXns‚ NnIn’m
cq]w. kzlm_Øv Cßs\ sNbvXncp∂psh∂v
lZokpIfn¬ ImWmw. ""Awdp_v\p ipsF_v(d) ]dbp∂p.
\n¿`bXzw e`n°m≥ th≠n \_n(kz) ]Tn∏n® ZnIv¿
(ADuZp_nIenamØn...) kzlm_nbmb A_vZp√mln
_v\p Awdv (d) Xs‚ apXn¿∂ IpńIƒ°v ]Tn∏n°pIbpw
sNdnb IpńIƒ°v th≠n ISemkn¬ FgpXn IgpØn¬
sIńs°mSp°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂p. (A_qZmhqZv)
kzlm_Øns‚ amXrIbp≈ Ddp°v tIcf
apPmlnZpIƒ BZyImew AwKoIcn°pIbpw
]n¬°meØv in¿°msW∂v {]Jym]n°pIbpw sNbvXp.
(42)
Ddp°v in¿°v
Ip™o-Xp-a-Z\n sI.-F≥.Fw {]kn-≤o-I-cn® Ckvem-
ans‚ Poh≥ F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Ddp°v,
\dp°v, Ge- v, sF°√v XpS-ßnb £p{Z-hn-Zy-Iƒ sIm≠v
tcmK-ßƒ°v ia\w tXSp-∂Xv in¿°ns‚ hIp-∏n-epƒs∏´-
Xm-Wv.'' (t]Pv 46)
Ddp°v A\p-hZ-\obw
]pXnb ^Xvh {]Imcw sI.-Fw. aue-hnbpw aX-Øn\p
]pd-Øm-Wv. ImcWw Ddp°v A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-sW∂v ^Xvh
sImSpØ aue-hn-bmWv sI.-Fw. auehn:
""Xnh-eØv' F∂Xv `¿Øm-hns‚ t{]aw kºm-Zn-°m≥
th≠n kv{Xo D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ Hcp km[-\-am-Ip-∂p. AXv
Hcp hI amc-W-{]-tbm-K-am-Ip-∂p. A√mlp A√m-Ø-hsc
sIm≠v D]-{Z-h-ßsf XSp-°m\pw D]-Im-c-ßsf kºm-Zn-
°m\pw Ch aqew P\-ßƒ D±-in-°p-∂Xv sIm≠mWv Ah
in¿°n¬ s]ń- c n- ° p- ∂ - X v . A√m- l p- h ns‚ \maßsf
sIm≠pw Ahs‚ hN\w sIm≠pw D≈h Ddp°v apX-em-
bh AXn¬ s]Sp-I-bn√ (in¿°-√) F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬
B]-Øp-Iƒ kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºp-Xs∂ XSp-°p-hm-
\mbn Ahsb (A-√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-ß-sfbpw \ma-ß-sf-
bpw) D]-tbm-Kn-°¬ lZo-kp-I-fn¬ ÿnc-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.
Ct∏mƒ Ddp°pw a{¥-ßfpw Xmsg hnh-cn-°p∂ aq∂v
i¿Xzp-I-tfmSv IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂m¬ PmC-km-Ip-sa∂v sXf-nbp-
∂-Xm-Wv.'' (sI.Fw. aue-hn-bpsS ^XvhI - ƒ, bph-X, t].16)
(43)
ad™ Imcyw Adn-bp-sa∂v hniz-kn-°¬ in¿°v
hnNn-¥\w Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Cem-lm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°msX
Abmƒ°v (h-en-øn-\v) AZr-iy-a-dn-bp-sa∂pw a°-Øp-t]mb
Huen-b°v ap°Øp \S-°p∂ kw`-h-ßƒ Sn.-hn. t]mep≈
am[y-a-ß-fn-√msX ImWm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v hniz-kn-®mepw
in¿°m-Ipw. ImcWw CØcw kn≤n-Iƒ A√m-lp-hn\p
am{Xw Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Ahs‚ Cu KpW-Øn¬ ]¶p-
tN¿°-emWv ta¬∏-d™ hnizm-kw.'' (hn-Nn-¥-\w, 2006
am¿®v 3, t].11)
Da¿(-d) ad™ Imcyw

Adn™p: sI.-sP.bp
ad™ Imcyw Adn-b¬ A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW-Øn¬ s]´-
Xm- s W∂pw a‰p- ≈ - h ¿ Adn- b p- s a∂v hniz- k n- ° ¬
in¿°mWv F∂p-am-Wt√m aue-hn-am¿ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv.
F∂m¬ Huen-bm-°ƒ Cßs\ ad™ Imcyw Adn-bm-dp-
s≠∂v sI.-Fw. auehn ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. PwC-ø-Øp¬ Dea
{]kn-≤o-I-cn® A¬hn-em-b-Xp¬ h¬ Idma ImWp-I.
""Da¿(-d)s\ sXm´v Cßs\ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. At±lw aZo-
\-Xp¬ ap\-∆-d-bn¬ sh≈n-bmgvN Znhkw JpXp_ HmXp-
tºmƒ bm kmcnb A¬ P_¬ (km-cn-btX B ]¿h-X-
Øn-t∑¬ Ib-dp-I) F∂v ]d-™p. Da¿(-d)-hns‚ Cu
i_vZw At∏mƒ Xs∂ kmcnb tI´p. B ]¿h-X-Øn¬
ad-™n-cp∂ i{Xp-°-fn¬\n∂v X¬£Ww Xs∂ At±lw
kq£n-®p. c£ {]m]n-®p. Cu Ak¿ (kw-`-hw) kzlo-
lmb cnhm-bXv sIm≠v kp_q-Ømbn (ÿn-c-s∏-´)-´p-≈-
XmWv.'' (A¬hn-embx h¬ Idm-ax, tIcf PwC-ø-Øp¬
De-a, sI.-Fw. aue-hn, t]Pv 32)
F{Xtbm Intem-ao-‰d - p-Iƒ°-∏pdap≈ tbm≤m-hn\v ]≈n
anº-dn¬ sh®v Da¿(-d) \n¿t±iw \¬Ip-∂p. ùXnI D]Ic-
W-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√m-sX.
(44)
tcmKia\w ùXnIXbneqsS am{Xw
Bflob NnIn’Isf ImcyImcW _‘ßƒ°∏pdw
F∂ am\ZWvUw sh®v samØØn¬ FXn¿°p∂ ssien
bmbncp∂p auehnam¿ BZyw kzoIcn®Xv. Ip™oXp aZ\n
FgpXp∂p: ""tcmKßƒ°pw a‰p AhiXIƒ°pw Imcy
ImcW _‘ßfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ am{Xw ]cnlmcw
ImWm≥ {ian°pI ImcyImcW _‘ßƒ°XoXambn
tcmKw kpJs∏SpØm≥ Ignhp≈ A√mlphnt\mSv
{]m¿∞n°pI. £a ssIs°m≈pIbpw sNøpI. CXmWv
Ckvemans‚ am¿K\n¿t±ißƒ... ImcyImcW _‘ßƒ
°XoXambn tcmKia\w hcpØpIsb∂Xv GI Cemlm
b A√mlphns‚ am{Xw IgnhpIfn¬s∏´ ImcyamWv.
tcmKia\w hcpØpI F∂Xv Hcp Gekns‚ ùXnIamb
Ignhntem KpWØntem s]´ Imcya√. F∂ncns° AXv
Npa∂v \S∂m¬ tcmKw kpJs∏Spsa∂v hnizkn°p∂h≥
AXn\v AùXnIamb Hcp Ignhv hIsh®v sImSp°pI
bmWv sNøp∂Xv. AtXmsS AXv Cemlns‚ ÿm\tØ
°pbcp∂p.' (Ckvemans‚ Poh≥, sI.F≥.Fw t]Pv 47)
Gekv am{Xa√, ^mØnl HmXn Hcmƒ DuXnbm¬ AXv
tcmKw amdm\p≈ ImcWamsW∂v ùXnIambn
sXfnbn°s∏ńń√t√m. At∏mƒ \ap°dnbmØ
cq]Øn¬ (AùXnIw) BWv tcmKia\w hcp∂Xv.
BbXn\m¬ a{¥hpw Ddq°pw F√mw in¿°mIpsa∂v
auehnam¿ ]Tn∏n®p. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ kIcnø kzemln
]dbp∂p. Cu hmZw \ap°p≈Xv sIm≠mbncp∂p ]ecpw
in¿°mb NnIn’sb tXtS≠n h∂Xv. AXmbXv ]e
apkvenw kv{XoIfpw a‰pw AºeØnse ]qPmcnsb sIm≠v
NnIn’ \SØnbXv!!
Cu hmZw in¿°nte°v
kIcnø kzemln FgpXp∂p: ""ùXnI NnIn’s°m∏w
Xs∂ dkq¬(kz) ]Tn∏n® {]m¿∞\Ifpw hnizmknIƒ
]Xnhmt°≠Xp≠v. F∂m¬ tcmKImcWw ]nSnIn´msX
bpw ê{]Zamb NnIn’ \n¿t±in°m≥ IgnbmsXbpw
sshZyimkv { Xw ssIae¿Øp∂ L´Øn¬ t]mepw
kp∂Øn¬ ÿncs∏´Xpw temIØpS\ofap≈
ke^nIƒ AwKoIcn°p∂Xpamb Cu NnIn’ dpJnø
idCø (idC¬ A\phZn® a{¥ßƒ sIm≠p≈
NnIn’)°v A\phZn°mØ AhÿbmWv C∂v
\ap°nSbn¬ \ne\n¬°p∂Xv. Cu NnIn’ \ΩpsS
{]h¿ØIsc \mw th≠Xpt]mse ]Tn∏n°mØXn\m¬
\ΩpsS BfpIƒ Xs∂ a\ v apń hnjan°ptºmƒ
]ct{]cW°v hgßn Ahkm\w in¿°≥ tI{µßfnte°v
t]mIp∂ Ahÿ hsc Imcyßƒ FØn\n¬°pIbmWv.
Cu A[x]X\Øn\v ImcWw Hcp ]cn[n hsc \mw
Xs∂bmWv. F¥psIms≠∂m¬ idCømbn¬ A\phmZ
ap≈ Hcp ImcysØ CS°meØv Nne¿ hnjbßƒ
]Tn°msX Jpdm^mØv F∂v samØØn¬ ap{ZIpØn
am‰nsh®Xv sIm≠mWv Cu Zpchÿbnte°v \ΩpsS
IpSpw_ßfn¬ Nne¿ t]mepw Adnt™m AdnbmsXtbm
FØns∏´Xv . Hcmsf in¿°nte°v \bn°m≥ tcmK
kµ¿i\sØ ]nimNv ka¿∞ambn D]tbmKs∏SpØp
IbmWv F∂ Imcyw \mw ad∂pt]mIcpXv.'' (kIcnø
kzemln, Pn∂v knlvdv ItÆdv, t]Pv 34, dpJnø idCø
{]amWßfpsS shfn®Øn¬)
(45)
kzbw a{¥n-°mw, a‰p-≈-h¿°pw a{¥n°mw

21.6.2011 \v ]pfn-°¬ aZo-\-Xp¬ Deq-an¬ apPm-lnZv
]WvUn-X¿ a{¥-Øns\ kw_-‘n®v \S-Ønb N¿®-bnse
Xocp-am-\-ßƒ ImWp-I.
(1) Jp¿-B≥ sIm≠pw A√m-lp-hns‚ \ma-ßfpw hnti-
j-W-ßfpw sIm≠pw Jp¿-B-\nepw kp∂-Ønepw kzlo-
lmbn h∂n-´p≈ ZnIvdp-Iƒ sIm≠pw tcmK-i-a-\-Øn\p
th≠n {]m¿∞n-®p-sIm≠v kp∂-Øn¬ ÿnc-s∏´ coXn-
bn¬ \n¿h-ln-°p∂ H∂m-Wv dpJnøx id-Cø. (a{¥w)
(2) dpJn-ø(-a{- ¥w) kzbw \n¿h-ln-°e
- mWv DØ-aw. as‰m-
cmƒ°v sNbvXp sImSp-°p-∂-Xn\pw hntcm-[-an-√. (t]Pv 2)
Cu amXrI Bcp ImWn-®p-X∂p

Da¿ auehn i‡-ambn FXn¿Ø ImcysØbmWv
Ct∏mƒ aue-hn-am¿ tbmKw tN¿∂v A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-°n-b-
Xv. Da¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A√m-lp-hns‚ am{Xw klm-
bw-tX-Sn-s°m≠pw Jp¿-B≥ Bb-Øp-Ifpw icn-bmb Nne
{]m¿∞-\-Ifpw D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠pw a{¥n-°p-∂Xpw Ddp-
s°-gp-Xn-s°-´p-∂Xpw FgpXn Ie°n IpSn-°p-∂Xpw tZmj-
an-s√∂v hmZn-°p-∂-h-cp-≠v. F∂m¬ Cu amXrI Bcv
ImWn®p?'' (^mXn-l-bpsS Xoc-Øv, t]Pv 92, sI.-F≥.-Fw)
(46)
Huen-bm-°ƒ Fs∂mcp hn`m-K-an√
Ckvemln {]ÿm\w F∂ t]cn¬ sI.-F≥.Fw Cd-
°nb ]pkv X - I - Ø n¬ ]Tn- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ p: ""Huen- b m- ° ƒ
Fs∂mcp {]tXyI hn`mKw C√ Xm\pw.''.......""kp∂n-Iƒ
A√m-lp-hns‚ Huen-bm-°-∑msc kzbw \n›-bn-®n-cn-°p-
I-bmWv......'' (t]Pv 158)
sI.F≥.Fw ]pdØnd°nb A√mlp Bcm[\ _lp
ssZhmcm[\ F∂ ]pkvXIØn¬ ]Tn∏n°p∂p. ""henøv
F∂ ]ZØn\v NßmXn kvt\lnX≥ {]nb≥ F∂ A¿∞
ßfp≠v. henøp√mln F∂m¬ A√mlphn\v {]nbs∏´h≥
F∂¿∞w... A∂pw C∂pw AXn\v km[yXbp≠v. ]s£,
Ahcmscms°bmsW∂v A√mlphn\v am{Xta Adnbq.
_‘s∏´ hy‡nIƒt°m a‰p≈h¿t°m henøv Bbn
{]Jym]n°phmt\m Ahtcm[n°phmt\m B¿°pw
AhImian√.'' (t]Pv 99)
sI.-Fw. auehn henøv

sI.-Fw. aue-hnsb ]‰n apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""sI.-
Fw. auehn kmln_v Ccp-]Xmw iX-I-Ønse D∂-X-\mb
kZvhr-Ø\pw ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-Is‚ Huen-bm-°-∑m-cn¬ Hcm-
fpam-bn-cp∂p F∂Xs{X kXyw'' (sIFw auehn kmln-
_v, t]Pv 136)
(47)
sh≈-Øn¬ a{¥n-°¬ in¿°v
sh≈-Øn¬ a{¥n-®q-X¬ in¿°≥ hnizm-k-am-W-s{X.
sI.-F≥.Fw Cd-°nb Ckvemln {]ÿm\w F∂ ]pkvX-
I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: "".... \qev, a{¥w, ]n™m-W-sa-gp-Øv,
a{¥n-®q-Xnb sh≈w...... F∂nh NnIn’m coXn-I-fmbn
kzoI-cn-°p∂ in¿°≥ hnizm-kw.'' (t]Pv 161)
h°w auehn sh≈-Øn¬ a{¥n-°m-dp≠v
apPm-lnZv {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ]nXm-hmWv h°w aue-hn.
""B[p-\nI ke^n {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ]nXmhv F∂v hni-
jn-∏n-°s- ∏-Sp∂ alm-\mb h°w A_vZp¬Jm-Zn¿ auehn''
(\-thm-∞m-\-w Hcp \q‰m-≠v, t]. 19)
F∂m¬ ]nXm-hmb h°w Ct∏m-gsØ hmZ-{]-Imcw
in¿°v {]Nm- c - I - \ m- s W∂v ]d- t b- ≠ n- h - c pw. ImcWw
At±lw Znh-khpw sh≈-Øn¬ a{¥n-°p∂ hy‡n-bm-
sW∂v Ah¿ Xs∂ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.
""ImeØv Bd-c-a-Wn-tbmsS iøm apdn Xpd∂v (h-°w)
auehn ]pdØv hcpw. At∏mƒ kztZ-in-Ifpw Ab¬
tZi-hm-kn-Ifpw Bb \m\m-PmXn aX-ÿ¿ B_m-e-
hr≤w hoń\p ]pdØv ImØp-\n¬∏p-≠m-Ipw. Fen, ]q®,
Nne-¥n, hgp-Xm-c, t]∏-ń, ]mºv Ch-bn-te-sX-¶nepw ISn-
®-h-cm-bn-cn°pw Ah¿. Ah¿s°√mw •mkn¬ ip≤-Pew
"HmXn-s°m-Sp-°pI' AXn-cm-hn-se-bp≈ Hcp {]`mX ]cn-
]m-Sn-bm-Wv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ kqd-Iƒ HmXn-bq-Xn-s°m-
Sp-°p-I-bmWv ]Xn-hv.'' (h°w aue-hnbpw \thm-∞m\
\mb-I-cpw, Fw. apl-ΩZv IÆv, t]Pv 75)
Im^ndm°¬
sX‰pIƒ sNbvXXn\mtem A\ntj[yhpw hy‡amb
Xpa√mØ Imcyßsf \ntj[n®Xn\mtem Hcmƒ Im^ndm
sW∂v ]dbm≥ ]mSn√ F∂mWv \ΩpsS hnizmkw.
_nZvAØv {]Ncn∏n°p∂hsc \mw ap_vXZnAv F∂v
]dbmdp≠v. A\mNmcn F∂mWXns‚ A¿∞w. F∂m¬
Ip^vdpw in¿°pw Btcm]n°m≥ Hcp am\ZWvUhpw
Ckv e manen√ F∂mWv auehnamcpsS {]kwKhpw
FgpØpw ho£n°p∂h¿°v t_m[ys∏SpI.
(48)
Im^n-dm-sW∂v ]d-™-hs\ A√mlp

shdp-sX -hn-Sn√
hnNn-¥\w hmcnI Fgp-Xp∂p: ""\o Im^n-dm-Wv, ^mkn-
Jm-Wv, \n\°v A√mlp s]mdpØp Xcn-√, \o \c-I-Øn¬,
\n\°v kz¿Kw Inń-√, Fs∂m∂pw ]d-bm≥ B¿°pw Ah-
Im-i-an√ AXv A√m-lp-hns‚ A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ s]´-Xm-W-
sX-√mw. Ahs‚ A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ ssIbn-´-hs\ A√mlp
shdpsX hnSn-√... Hcp hy‡nsb Im^n-dm-°p-∂Xpw apivcn-
°m-°p-∂Xpw \nb-ah - n-cp-≤a
- m-Wv. AXv sIm√msX sIm√p∂
]Wn Xs∂. Im^n-dm-°p-∂Xpw apivcn-°m-°p-∂Xpw Xo
sIm≈n sIm≠v Xe sNmdn-bp-∂Xv t]mse-bm-Wv.'' (hn-Nn-
¥\w 2008 P\p-hcn 4, t]. 7)
C.-sI. Im^n¿: Da¿ auehn
alm-\mb C.sI lk≥ apkven-bmsc t]sc-SpØv Im^n-
dm°n {]Jym-]n® Da¿ aue-hn-bpsS hcn-Iƒ {i≤n-°pI:
""lk≥ apkven-bm-cpsS aX-{]-N-c-Whpw hnizmk hyXn-N-
e-\hpw A\m-Nmc I¿a t{]c-Wbpw icn°pw {i≤-®-Xn¬
\n∂pw F\n°v t_m[y-am-bXv At±lw Im^n-dmWv F∂m-
bn-cp-∂p.'' (Hm¿a-I-fpsS Xoc-Øv, sI.-D-a¿ aue-hn, t]Pv
338)
Da¿ auehn Xs∂ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""... AXp-t]mse X¿°n-
®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Im¥-]pcw F.]n A_q-_-°¿ apkven-
bm¿, C.sI A_q-_-°¿ apkven-bm¿, Iq‰-\mSv apkven-bm¿
t]mep-≈h - ¿ C∂p-ap-≠t- √m. Aß-s\-bp≈ X¿°-°m¿°v
\nßƒ hg-ßn-s°m-Sp-Øm¬ \nßƒ apivcn-°p-Iƒ Xs∂.''
(k¬k-_o¬ 1985 Unkw-_¿, t]Pv 85)
D≈mƒ Xßsf kw_-‘n®v Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Cu XmPpw
]m¿ń-°mcpw J_¿ ]qP-I-cm-Wv. AYhm krjvSn-I-tfmSv
{]m¿∞n-°p∂ krjvSn-Iƒ°m-cm-[\ \S-Øp∂ apivcn-°p-
Iƒ.'' (Ckvemlv 2000 k]vX. t].21)
(49)
Ckvem-an¬ ip]m¿i C√
apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p: ""Ckvem-an¬ G‰hpw hnin-
jvS-amb A[ym-]\w Xs∂, kIe a\p-jycpw ]m]n-
sbt∂m `‡-s\t∂m ⁄m\n-sbt∂m ]ma-c-s\t∂m
hyXymkw IqSmsX ssZh-Øn-te°v t\cn´v sN√-W-sa-∂m-
Wv. krjvSn°pw {kjvSm-hn-\p-an-S-bn¬ CS-Ø-´p-Im-cpsS
ip]m¿i \ntj-[n® Ckvem-an¬...................... (i-_m_v 2008
P\p-hcn 11, t]Pv 9)
ssZhsØ kao-]n-°m≥ ip]m¿ibp≠v

ssZhsØ kao-]n-°m≥ ip]m¿i ths≠∂pw AXv
Ckvemw \ntj-[n-®-Xm-sW∂pw ]Tn-∏n-®-h¿ Xs∂ kzlm-
_Øv \_n(-k)sb ip]m¿i-I-\m-°nb kw`hw dnt∏m¿´v
sNøp-∂p:
""\mYm. Rm≥ \nt∂mSv {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. \ns‚ {]hm-N-
I-≥, Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ {]hm-N-I-\mb apl-Ω-Zn-eqsS \n∂n-
te°v Xncn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.'' CXns‚ A¿∞w A‘-
\mb B a\p-jy≥ {]hm-N-Is‚ {]m¿∞-\-bn-eqsSbpw
ip]m¿i-bn-eq-sSbpw ssZhsØ kao-]n®p F∂p am{X-ta-
bp-≈q.'' (i-_m_v 2007 P\p-hcn 12, t]Pv 6)
ip]m¿i-bn-√msX c£-bn√
C\n alvi-d-bnse Ahÿ A¬a-\m¿ Xs∂ ]d-bs´:
alvid
- b
- n¬ a\p-jy-sc√mw Aºn-bm-°f
- psS kao]w sN√p-
I-bm-Wv. Rßƒ°pw A√m-lp-hn\panS-bn¬ \nßƒ ip]m¿
iIcm-I-Ww F∂p ]d-bm≥ th≠n. krjvSn-bp-sSbpw
{kjvSm-hn-s‚bpw CS-bn¬ ip]m¿i-I¿ ths≠∂v ]d-™-
hcpw AhnsS ip]m¿iIsc kzoI-cn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. alvi-
dbn¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ ip]m¿i-Isc tXSn-bn-d-ßp∂ cq]w
\_n(-k) hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Camw _pJmcn D≤-cn®
{]kvXpX lZo-kns‚ kmcw A¬a-\m-dn¬\n∂v hmbn-°pI.
""ZpxJ-Ømepw {]bm-k-Ømepw Bfp-Iƒ Xmßm-\m-hp-
∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ A∏p-d-sa-Øn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. At∏mƒ
Bfp-Iƒ ]d-bpw. \nß-sf-Øn-s∏´ Ahÿ \nßƒ ImWp-
∂nt√? \nß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn-¶-te°v ip]m¿i sNøm≥
]‰nb Hcmsf \nßƒ°v At\z-jn-®p-IqtS? At∏mƒ Nne¿
]d- b pw. \nß- f psS ]nXmhv BZ- a ns‚ ASp- ° - t e°v
t]mImw. Ah¿ BZw \_n-°-cn-In¬ sN∂p-sIm≠v C{]-
Imcw ]d-bpw....Xm¶-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn-t\mSv Rßƒ°p-
th≠n ip]m¿i sNbvXp-IqtS Rßƒ FØn-s∏´ Cu
Ahÿ ImWp-∂n-t√. A√tbm aplΩZv (k) Xm¶ƒ
A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-emWv Ah-km-\sØ {]hm-N-I-\m-Wv.
Xm¶-fpsS d∫n-t\mSv Rßƒ°p-th≠n ip]m¿i sNøp-
I. Rß-fpsS Ahÿ \nßƒ ImWp-∂nt√?' (A¬a-\m¿,
2009 \hw-_¿, t]Pv 20)
Hcp {]hm-N-I≥ t]mepw ]d-™n-√. -{k-jvSm-hn-s‚bpw
krjvSn-bp-sSbpw CS-bn¬ ip]m¿i-Isc \ntj-[n® aX-am-
Wn-kvem-sa-∂v.
(50)
ssiJv Poem\n apP-±nZv
C.sI auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Bdmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ BZy-
Ønse apP-±nZv ssiJv Poem\n am{X-am-bn-´mWv tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-´p-≈X
- v. Hcp apP-±n-Zn\p th≠ KpW-ßs
- f√mw ssiJv
Poem-\n-bn¬ ktΩ-fn-®n-cp-∂p.'' (ssiJv Poem-\n, t]Pv 10)
ssiJv Poem\n AssZzX hmZn

ssiJv Poem-\nsb Ipdn®v A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p:
""Poem≥ ]´-W-Øn¬ P\n® Hcp A\mY _me-\mb
A_vZp¬ JmZn¿... temI-Øp≈ kIe hn⁄m-\-ßfpw
Ie-Ifpw _mKvZm-Zn-te°v Hgp-Ip∂ Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.
C¥y-bn¬ \n∂pw ]e hn⁄m-\ß - fpw XXz-im-kv{X-ßfpw
A°q-´-Øn¬ Hen-®p-h-∂-Xn¬ hlvZ-Xp¬ hpPqZv (A-ssZz-
Xw) ssiJv A_vZp¬ JmZn-dns\ h√msX BI¿jn-®p.
""bmsXm∂p ImWp-hXp \mcm-bW {]Xna
bmsXm∂p tIƒ°p-hXp \mcm-bW {ipXna
bmsXm∂p sNm√p-hXp \mcm-b-Wm-b-\ax
hlvZ-Xp¬ hpPq-Zns‚ sNdn-sbmcp \n¿h-N\w ta¬
sImSp-Ø-Xn¬ \n∂p e`n-°pw. {ioi¶-cm-Nm-cy-cpsS Cu
XXz-imkv{Xw ssiJns‚ Nn¥-bn¬ ÿew ]nSn-®p.''
(A¬a-\m¿ 1980 Pqsse, t]Pv 20)
JpXp_bpsS `mj
\nkvImcØnse XIv_odXp¬ Clvdmw, AXlnømØv
t]mse Hcp ZnIvdmWv JpXp_. AXv cs≠Æw thWsa∂pw
Ad_nbnemhWsa∂Xpw AXns‚ \n_‘\Ifn¬ s]´
XmWv. AXns‚ kabw, Znhkw F∂nh am‰mt\m ]pcpj\v
]Icw kv{XoIƒ JpXp_ \n¿hln°s´ F∂v Xocpam\n°m
t\m \ap°v AhImian√. CXpsIm≠mWv kzlm_Øns‚
Imew apX¬ tIcfØnepw a‰p cmPyß fnepw CkvemanI
{]t_m[\ßƒ ]e `mjIfnemWv \S∂sX¶nepw JpXp_
Ad_n `mjbn¬ am{XambXv. Cu ASpØ Imew apXemWv
JpXp_°v `mj am‰w D≠mbXv . AXns‚ Ncn{Xhpw
sshcp≤y Nn¥mKXnIfpw \ap°v hmbn°mw.
(51)
JpXp-_-bpsS `mj°v {]m[m-\y-an√
JpXp-_-bpsS `mjsb ]‰n sI.-F≥.Fw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p:
""Ppap-A JpXp_ Ad_n `mj-bn¬ \S-Ø-W-sa∂v \_n(-
k) BtcmSpw I¬∏n-®n-ń-√. \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ t]mepw
`mj°v bmsXmcp {]m[m-\y-hp-an-√.'' (C-kvemln {]ÿm-
\w, t]Pv 67, sI.-F≥.-Fw.)
`mj°v {]m[m-\y-ap≠v
Ad_n `mj°v bmsXmcp {]m[m-\yhpw JpXp-_-bpsS
hnj-b-Øn¬ Cs√-∂mWv Ct∏m-gsØ aue-hn-am-cpsS
Is≠-Ø¬. F∂m¬ BZyIme aue-hn-am¿ `mj°v {]m[m-
\y-ap-s≠∂pw Ipd-®p-t]¿ `mj ]Tn-®m¬ JpXp_ Ad-_n-
bn-em-°-W-sa∂pw ]Tn-∏n-®-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ ]d-bs´:
""Ad_n `mj km¿h-{Xn-I-am-°m-\p≈ {iaw \mapw XpS-
cp-Ibpw GXm\pw t]¿ `mj Adn-bp-sa∂p I≠m¬ Ad-
_n-bn¬ Xs∂ JpXp-_bpw B°n Ad_n `mj-bpsS ]cn-
Nbw P\-ß-fn¬ h¿[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠Xpw AXp-h-
scbpw IqSp-X¬ {]tbm-P-\-I-camb \ne-bn¬ JpXp_
B°n-Øo¿t°-≠X - p-am-Wv.'' (Pp-apA JpXp_ Fß-s\-bm-
bn-cn-°-Ww. sIsP-bp, t]Pv 15)
(52)
F°m-eØpw JpXp_ amXr-`m-j-bn¬
Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""apkvenw temIw JpXp-_-bpsS
A¿Im-\p-Iƒ Hgn-sI-bp≈ `mK-ßƒ (A-\p-_-‘w) F°m-
eØpw GXv cmPyØpw t{imXm-°ƒ°p a\- n-em-Ip∂
`mj-bn-emWv ]d™p h∂n´p≈Xv. tIc-fØ - nepw Aßs\
Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.'' (C-kvemln {]ÿm-\w, sI.F≥.-Fw,
t]Pv 67)
BZyw Ad_n
F°m-eØpw ae-bmf JpXp_bmbn-cp∂p F∂Xv Ncn-
{X-]-c-ambn hkvXp-X-b-√. tIc-f-Øn¬ BZy-Imew apXte
Ad_n JpXp-_-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw ]n∂o-SXv D¿Zp-hnepw
ae-bm-f-Øn-ep-ambn amdn-sb∂pw Da¿ auehn Xs∂ tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. ]g-bI
- m-esØ A\p-kvac- n®v auehn Fgp-
Xp∂p: ""tIc-f-Øn¬ ISpØ Jpdm-^-Øns‚ A[n-\n-thiw
\nd-™p-\n∂ Imew ]≈n anº-dp-Iƒ Ad_n GSp-Iƒ
hmbn-°p∂ \n¿÷oh tI{µ-ß-fm-bn. ]g-b-Im-eØv Hcp-
Cu-Pn-]vjy≥ ]vUnX≥ Fgp-Xn-sh® ISn-®m¬ s]m´mØ
Ad_n hmN-Ißƒ \nd™ \_mØo JpXp-_-Iƒ.''
(Hm¿a-I-fpsS Xoc-Øv, 231)
]ns∂ D¿Zp
sIm®n-bnse ]pXnb ]≈n-bn-emWv `mjm am‰-Øn\p
XpS°w Ipdn-®-sX∂ Ncn{Xw Da¿ auehn Xs∂ ]d-b-
s´. ""Pmln-en-øØv sIm≠pw Jpdm-^mØv sIm≠pw ]mtS
aqS- s ∏´ ImeØv GXm≠v 125 h¿j- ß ƒ°v apºv
Ad_nb√mØ `mj-bn¬ JpXp_ \S-Øm≥ \n¿Ωn-°s - ∏´
]≈n. AXmWv ]pXnb ]≈n.'' (Hm¿a-I-fpsS Xoc-Øv, t]Pv
231) Xzco-J-Øns\ hna¿in® sslZ-cm-_m-Zp-Im-c≥ aue-
hnsb ]≈n-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øm-°n-bt- ∏mƒ At±-lØ - ns‚
]pØ-\m-i-b-ßƒ {]N-cn-∏n-°m≥ th≠n kº-∂-\mb
A_vZp√ lmPn tkTv \n¿Ωn® ]≈n-bmWv ]pXnb ]≈n.
tk´p \n¿Ωn® ]≈n°v ]pXnb ]≈n F∂p t]cp-h-cm-
\p≈ ImcWw Da¿ auehn Xs∂ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂p:
""]pXnb ]≈n F∂v JymXn t\Snb Cu t]cv
\n¿amXmthm At±-l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_tam \¬In-b-X-√.
\m´p-Im¿ sImSp-Ø-Xm-Wv. CXns‚ ]n∂n¬ c≠v A`yq-l-
ß-fp-≠v. Hcp ]≈n sXm´-Sp-Øp-≈-t∏mƒ ]pXp-Xmbn
D≠mb ]≈n-sb∂ \nebn¬ BZy-tØ-Xn\v ]gb ]≈n
F∂pw c≠m-a-tØ-Xn\v ]pXnb ]≈n-sb∂pw hnfn-®p-t]m-
∂p. CXmWv Hcp h¿Ø-am-\w. as‰m∂v Cß-s\-bm-Wv.
]pXnb aX-°m-cpsS ]≈n F∂ \ne-bn¬ ]pXnb ]≈n-
sb∂v P\-ßƒ t]cn-´-t∏mƒ ]gb aX-°m-cp-tSXv ]gb
]≈n F∂pw ]d-b-s∏-´p..... c≠m-asØ A`yq-l-Øn\pw
Nne ASn-ÿm-\ß- f- p-≠v. ]≈n ]WnX tijw PpapA XpS-
ßn. sslZ-cm-_m-Zp-Im-c≥ auehn Ddp-Zp-hn¬ JpXp_ \S-
Øn. t{imXm- ° ƒ A[n- I hpw DdpZp Adn- b p∂ I®n-
ta¬°mcpw Ben- b n- I fpw Bbn- c p- ∂ p. Ah¿ Xs∂
A_vZp√m lmPn BZw tk´p-hns‚ kzm[o-\-Øm¬ FØp-
∂-h-cpw. Aº-Xn¬ Xmsg Bfp-Iƒ. ae-bm-fn-Iƒ Ib-dp-I-
bn-√. hlm_n ]≈n-bn¬ t]mbm¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v
\mtem At©m t]¿ ImWpw. ]≈n-bn¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\p
ÿnc-ambn Bsf D≠m-°p-hm≥ tk´p kmln_v hfsc
XymKw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. Xriv-\m-∏-≈n-bn¬ \n∂pw s\bvXp-
Im-cmb dmhp-Ø¿ hn`m-K-Øn-ep≈ apkvenw sXmgn-emfn
IpSpw-_-ßsf At±lw sIm®n-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-∂p. ]≈n-
bpsS ]cn-kc
- Øv Ah¿°v Xma-kn-°m≥ hoSp \¬In Xß-
fpsS s\bvØp tPmen sNøm≥ tk´p-hns‚ sNe-hn¬
s\bvØp]I-c-W-amb Xdn sImSpØp hoSpw tPmenbpw
kuP-\yw. Hcp \n_-‘-\ -am{Xw. F√m hJvXn\pw ]≈n-
bn¬ Pam-A-Øn\v lmP-cp-≠m-I-Ww. Aßs\ ÿnc-ambn
Ipd-®p-t]¿°v tPmen D≠mbn. tk´v henb [¿an-jvT-\m-
bn-cp-∂p. ]mh-ßƒ°v D®-bq-Wn\v tlm´-en-te°v ]m≠n-
I-im-eb- n¬ \n∂pw No´p-sIm-Sp-°p∂ G¿∏m-Sp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
sshIp-t∂-chpw [mcmfw t]¿ hcpw. Nmb-°m-in-\m-bn.
CsX√mw ]m≠n-Ii - m-eb
- n¬ \n∂pw am‰n ]≈n-bn¬ \n∂pw
\a-kvIm-c-tijw sImSp-°-em°n Acn hmßm≥ hcp∂
km[p-°ƒ fpl-dn\pw Ak-dn\pw ]≈n-bn-te°v hcm≥ XpS-
ßn. Aßs\ ]I¬ ]≈n kPo-h-am-bn.'' (Hm¿a-I-fpsS
Xoc-Øv, t]Pv 236)
tijw ae-bmfw
h¿j-ßƒ Ign-™mWv DdpZp JpXp_ ae-bm-f-Øn-em-
bXv. Da¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Iptd ImesØ DdpZp JpXp-
_°v tijw ]n∂o-SXv ae-bm-f-Øn-em-bn.'' (Hm¿a-I-fpsS
Xoc-Øv, t]Pv 237)
tIc-f-Øn-em-Zy-ambn a´m-t©-cn-bn¬
tIc-f-Ønse JpXp_ ]cn-`m-jsb Ipdn®v Da¿ auehn
k¬k-_o-en¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""sIm®n-bpsS lrZ-b-`m-KØv
a´m-t©-cn-bn¬ At±lw (lmPn A_vZp√m tk´v) Hcp ]≈n
]Wn-bp-Ibpw AtXm-S-\p-_-‘n®v Hcp a{Zk ÿm]n-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXp..... Alvep¬ lZo-kns‚ BZ¿i-Øn¬ ˛C-
∂sØ \ΩpsS `mj-bn¬ apPm-lnZv BZ¿i-Øn¬˛ \ne-
sIm- ≈ p∂ ]Wv U n- X - ∑ msc tIc- f - Ø n¬ In´m- Ø Xv
ImcWw _mw•q-cn¬ \n∂pw {]K-¤-cmb ]WvUn-X-∑msc
£Wn-®p-h-cpØn Ah¿°m-h-iy-amb F√m kuI-cy-ßfpw
sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-Øp. ]≈nbpw aZvd-kbpw kPo-h-am-°n.
{]kvXpX ]≈n-bpsS anº-dn-eq-sS-bmWv Ckvem-ans‚ icn-
bmb cq]w sIm®n-bnse apkvenw-Iƒ°v ImWp-hm\pw BN-
cn-°p-hm\pw Ign-™-Xv. P\-ßƒ°v {Kln-°m≥ Ign-bp∂
hn[-Øn¬ Ppap-A-bpsS JpXp_ BZy-ambn tIc-f-Øn¬
\S-Ø-s∏-´Xv Cu ]≈n-bn-em-Wv.'' (k¬k-_o¬ 1972 ]p.
2, e. 2, t]. 8)
(53)
ao©¥ {]tabw 1930¬
1922¬ tIc-f-Øn¬ apPm-lnZv {]ÿm\w DS-se-Sp-sØ-
¶nepw Ah-cpsS hnizm-khpw I¿ahpw CXp-hsc ]q¿W-
am-bn-ń-√. h¿j-ßƒ Ign-bp-tºmƒ Ah-cpsS BZ¿i-ßfpw
amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°pw. Ct∏m-gsØ XuloZv hnhmZw CXn-
\p-Zm-lc - W
- a
- m-Wv. XuloZv 2012 F∂mWv Ah-cX- n\p kzoI-
cn® t]cp-X-s∂. JpXp-_-bpsS `mjm am‰w 1936¬ ]pW¿∏-
bnse Hcp ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ sh®v ]mkm-°nb {]ta-b-am-bn-
cp-∂p. Aß-s\-bm-WXv hnhm-Z-ambn XpS-ßn-b-Xv. kzlm-
_Xpw Xm_n-D-I-fp-sa√mw Ad_n `mj-bn¬ am{Xw \n¿h-
ln-®p-h∂ B ]mc-º-cyhpw Ah¿ AdpØp am‰n. CXn-s\-
Xnsc ka-kvX-tI-cf PwC-ø-Øp¬ Dea ao©-¥-bn¬ Hcp
{]tabw ]mkm-°n. CXv 1947-em-bn-cp-∂p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬
1936¬ ]pW¿∏-bn¬ aue-hn-am¿ ]mkm-°nb {]ta-bØ - n\p
adp-]-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv. CXv ad-®p-sh-°m\pw aptº \S-∂p-h-cp∂
ae-bm-f-Jp-Xp_ ka-kvX-°m¿ ao©¥ {]ta-b-Øn-eqsS
am‰n-b-Xm-sW∂pw hcp-Øn-Øo¿°m≥ aue-hn-am¿ Hcp
IpX{¥w H∏n-®p. {]ta-b-Øns‚ XnøXn am‰p-I. Aßs\
kp∂n-I-fpsS ao©¥ t{]b-Øns‚ XnøXn Da¿ auehn
am‰n-bXv ImWpI:
""1930¬ kakvX tIcf PwC-ø-Øp¬ Dea ]mkm-°nb
Hcp {]ta- b - Ø n- e qsS Ad_n A√mØ `mj- b n- e p≈
JpXp_ \n¿Ø¬ sNbvXp.'' (Hm¿a-I-fpsS Xoc-Øv, Da¿
aue-hn, t]Pv 82)
ao©¥ {]tabw 1935¬
kp∂n-I-fpsS {]ta-b-Øn-øXn am‰n-b-Xnepw aue-hn-
am¿°n-Sb
- n¬ sFIy-ap-≠m-bn-√. A_vZp- emw kp√an Fgp-
Xp∂p: ""1935¬ tImgn-t°mSv ao©-¥-bn¬ sh®v {]tabw
]mkm°n \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w ]≈n-bn¬ \n∂v JpXp_ ]cn-
`mj \o°w sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.'' (A-lvep- p∂ h¬ Pam-
Ax, bph-X, t]Pv 11)
c≠p- t ]- c p- s Sbpw Dt±iyw, `mj- m am- ‰ - Ø n\p 1936¬
]pW¿∏-bn¬ apPm-lnZv ]mkm-°nb {]tabw kp∂n-I-fpsS
ao©¥ {]ta-b-Øn\p adp-]-Sn-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂v hcp-Øn-
Øo¿°-em-Wv. {]tabw ]mkm°n aX-ap-≠m-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv
apPm-lnsZ∂ hkvXpX kap-Zmbw Xncn-®-dn-bp-I.
ao©¥ {]tabw 1947¬

F∂m¬ kp∂n-I-fpsS ao©¥ {]tabw 1947¬ Bbn-
cp∂p F∂ hkvXpX aue-hn-am¿ Xs∂ Fgp-Xn-sh-®n-´p-
≠v. AtXmsS Cu s]mbvsh-Sn-I-fpsS apJw-aqSn Agn-™p-
ho-Wp. Ckvemln {]ÿm\w F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-
Xp∂p:
""1947¬ ao©-¥-bn¬ sh®v Ip{]-kn-≤-amb "JpXp_m
{]tabw' kakvX ]mkm-°p-∂Xv hsc JpXp-_-bpsS `mj
Hcp X¿° hnj-b-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.'' (t].167)
kv{Xo PpapA PamAØv
kv{XoIƒ PpapA PamAØpIƒ°pth≠n hoń¬
\n∂v as‰mcp ÿetØ°v ]pds∏´v t]mhp∂Xn¬ Hcp
]pWyhpan√. adn®v hońse A\y¿°p {]thi\an√mØ
apdnbn¬sh®v \nkvIcn°emWv kv{XoIƒ°v G‰hpw
DØasa∂v \_n(kz) ]Tn∏n®n´p≠v. Camw im^nCu(d)
]Tn∏n°p∂p: ""\_n(kz)bpsS `mcyamtcm a°tfm PpapA
PamAØpIƒ°v cm{Xntbm ]Item ]s¶SpØncp∂n√.
Ah¿°v DØaambncp∂ ImcyamWsX¶n¬ AXn¬ Ah¿
hym]rXcmhpsa∂Xn¬ kwiban√. a‰p kv{XoIfpw Cß
s\bmbncp∂p. kv{XoIƒ°v h√ KpWhpw AXnep≠m
bncp∂psh¶n¬ \_n(kz) AhtcmSv AXpsIm≠v
I¬∏n°pambncp∂p. ]¿± D]tbmKn°m\mWv \_n(kz)
AhtcmSv I¬∏n®Xv. ke^pkzmenlpIfn¬ \n∂mcpw
kv{XoItfmSv PpapA PamAØn\v cm{Xntbm ]Item
hcm≥ I¬∏n®n´pan√. AXv t{ijvTambncps∂¶n¬ Ah¿
AXv I¬∏n°pIbpw kΩXw \¬IpIbpw
sNtø≠nbncp∂p.'' (CJvXnem^p¬ lZokv)
kzlm_Øv Zo≥ ]Tn∏n® tIcfØnepw kv{XoIƒ
]≈nbnte°v PamAØn\pw PpapA°pw hcp∂
]Xnhp≠mbncp∂n√. ]n¬°meØv Nne auehnam¿
sIm≠ph∂ Hcp BZ¿iamWnXv . F∂m¬ CXnepw
Ah¿°v sshcp≤yßƒ [mcmfw h∂n´p≠v. AXv ImWpI.
(54)
kv{XoIƒ ]≈n-bn-te°v ]pd-s∏-S¬ \n¿_‘w

kv{XoIƒ PpapA Pam-A-Øn\v th≠n hoń¬\n∂v
]≈n-bn-te°v ]pd-s∏-S¬ \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂pw Ahsc
\n¿_-‘n®v ]pd-Øn-d-°-W-sa∂pw Fw.-kn.kn AlvaZv
auehn ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.
""Ppap-A°v t]mIm≥ \n¿_-‘n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Jp¿-B-
\ns‚ Iev∏\ s]Æp-ßsf _m[n-°n-√. BWp-ßsf
kw_-‘n®p am{X-am-Wn-Xv. s]Æp-ßsf B I¬∏-\-bn¬
\ns∂m-gn-hm-°n-bn-´p-s≠∂pw AXn\p ]e sXfn-hp-Ifpw
Ds≠∂pw ]d-bp∂ aue-hn-am-cp-sSbpw apkven-bm-°-∑m-cp-
sSbpw B P¬∏\w X\n® Akw-_-‘-am-Wv. .... Jp¿-B-
\ns‚ B \ ns\ Xncp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°m-hp∂ h√ kzlo-
lmb lZokpw Ds≠-¶n¬ \ap°v ]d-bmw. s]Æp-ßƒ°v
PpapA hpPq-_n√ F∂v. AXn-√mØ Ime-tØmfw BWp-
ß-sf-t∏mse Xs∂ s]Æp-ßfpw Ppap-A°p t]mWw
F∂p Xs∂ ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.'' (apkvenw kv{XoIƒ°v
Ah-Im-i-apt≠m?, t]Pv 97)
auehn XpS-cp∂p: ""ASn®p s]Æp-ßsf ]pd-Øn-dt- °≠
Npa-Xe Zo\-dn-bp∂ BWp-ß-fpsS taem-Wv.'' (t]Pv 94)
ho≠pw Fgp-Xp∂p: ""sh≈n-bm-gvN°pw s]cp-∂mƒ°pw c≠v
Iqćpw lmP-cm-I¬ _mPn-_m-Wv. DZvdp-≈-h¿°v am∏p-≠v.
DZvdn-√m-Ø-h¿ BWm-bmepw s]Æm-bmepw ico-AØv
{]Imcw lmP-cmtb Xocq.'' (t]Pv 111)
\n¿_-‘-an√ kp∂-Øp-an√
sI. Da¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Nne De-am-°-f√ kIe
Dem-°fpw hpPq-_n-s√∂v ]d-™-h-cm-Ip∂p F∂p sXfn-
™p. kp∂-Øp-s≠∂v De-am-°ƒ ]d-™p-sh∂v auehn
kmln_v (Fw.-kn.-kn) hmZn-°p-∂p-≠v. Cam-ap-I-fpsS InXm-
_p-If
- n¬ \n∂v AXv D≤cn-®p-Xc
- p-hm≥ At±-lØ - n\v km[n-
°ptam?'' (A¬a\m¿ 1953 am¿®v 20, t]Pv 13)
1997¬ A\p-h-Z-\obw ]pWy-I¿Ωw

kv{XoIƒ PpapA Pam-A-Øn\p th≠n hoSp-hn´v ]≈n-
bn-te°v ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂Xv ]pWy-I¿Ω-am-sW-∂mWv 1997¬
A¬a-\m¿ ]Tn-∏n-®-Xv. ""A\y-]p-cp-j-∑m¿ ]s¶-Sp-°p∂
kaql \a-kvIm-c-ß-fmb Pam-A-Øp-I-fnepw Ppap-A-I-
fnepw Ah ]≈n-bn¬ sh®v \S-°p-∂-Xm-bmepw ]≈n°v
]pd-Øp-sh®v \S-°p-∂-h-bm-bmepw kv{XoIƒ ]s¶-Sp-°p-
∂Xv A\p-hZ- \ - o-ba
- mWv ]pWy-I¿Ω-hp-amWv CXmWv apPm-
lnZv hmZw.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 1997 am¿®v, t]Pv 11)
kp∂Øv
A¬ Ckvemlv amknI Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Pam-AØv \a-
kvIm-c-Øn¬ ]¶p-sIm-≈¬ kp∂Øpw {]Xn-^-em¿l-hp-
am-bXv sIm≠m-Wt√m \_n(-k)bpsS ImesØ apkvenw
kv{XoIƒ A\y-]p-cp-j∑- mcp≈ Pam-AØv \a-kvIm-cØ - n¬
]s¶-Sp-Ø-Xv.'' (Ckvem-lv, ]p. 2, e°w 1, t]. 9)
Ckvemw FXn-c-s√∂v
Hcn-°¬ \n¿_-‘-sa∂pw as‰m-cn-°¬ kp∂-sØ∂pw
hmZn-®-h¿ 2007¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ImWp-I. ""PpapA Pam-
A-Øp-Iƒ°mbn kml-N-cy-ßfpw kµ¿`-ßfpw kpc-£n-
X-Xzhpw A\p-Iq-eh- p-sa-¶n¬ kv{XoIƒ sNs∂-Øp-∂X
- n\p
Ckvemw FXn-c√ F∂-XmWv hkvXpX'' (hn-Nn-¥\w 2007
s^{_p-. 23, t]Pv 3)
thsW-¶n¬ t]mhmw, ]pWy-an√
Ct∏m-gsØ \ne-]mSv Cß-s\-bmWv: ""kv{XoIƒ°v
]≈n-bn¬ t]mhp-Itbm t]mhm-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm sNømw.'' (hn-
Nn-¥\w 2009 am¿®v 20, t] 9)
F¥mWv hyXymkw?
\n¿_-‘a - n-√, kp∂-Øp-an-√, ]pWy-hp-an-√. t]mhp-∂Xpw
t]mhm-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xpw Xpeyw. ]t£, Nne {]mbw sN∂
aue-hn-am¿°nXv Zln-®n-√. Ah¿ ]pXnb Xocpam-\sØ
tNmZywsNøp-∂Xv ImWpI:
""Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ Nne ke^n
]WvUn-X¿ kv{XoIƒ PpapA Pam-A-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°¬
kp∂- Ø n- √ , Pmbn- k mWv hoSmWv DØaw F∂v ]d-
bp∂hcp-≠t√m? F∂v tNmZn-°p-∂-h-cp-ap-≠mhmw AØ-
c-°m-tcmSv \ap°v ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv CXm-Wv. Pmbnkv F∂m¬
sNøp-Ibpw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Imcy-ß-fm-Wv.
c≠nepw ]pWy-an-s√-∂¿∞w. At∏mƒ kv{XoIƒ ]≈n-
bn¬ \a-kvI-cn-®m¬ ]pWy-an-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v AXn\v
t]mIp-∂Xpw ]pWy-an√ F∂v hcp-∂p........ Pmbnkv F∂Xv
Hcp h¿K-\m-aa - m-Wv. Idm-lØ
- v, kp∂Øv F∂o c≠v \nba-
ß-fpsS IqsSbpw AXv hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. \nßƒ ]d-bp∂
PmCkv kp∂-Øns‚ IqsS-bp-≈-XmtWm AtXm Idm-l-
Øns‚ IqsS-bp-≈tXm? Idm-l-Øns‚ IqsS-bp≈ PmC-
km-sW-¶n¬ \nßfpw B[p-\nI Jpdm-^n-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈
hyXymkw F¥m-sW∂v hy‡-am-°-Ww. ]gb ho™v
]pXnb ]m{X-Øn¬ AS-bvt°≠ Bh-iy-an-√. \nßƒ ]d-
bp∂ PmCkv kp∂-Øns‚ IqsS-bp-≈-Xm-sW-¶n¬ B
Imcyw apkvenw kaq-l-tØmSv Xpd-∂p-]-d-bm≥ F¥n\v aSn-
Im-Wn-°Ww?'' (Pm-anA \Zvhnø FS-h-Æ, 40-˛mwhm¿jnI
kph-\o¿, t]Pv 66,67)
XpS°w 1940 \p tijw
Npcp-°-Øn¬ kv{XoIƒ PpapA Pam-A-Øn-\p-th≠n
]≈n-bn-te°v ]pd-s∏-S-W-sa-∂-Xn¬ aue-hn-am¿ Ct∏mgpw
X¿°-Øn-em-Wv. ImcWw CXn\p ap≥Km-an-I-fpsS amXr-I-
bn-√. kzlm-_Øv Zo≥ ]Tn-∏n® tIc-f-Øn¬ 1940-Iƒ°v
tij-am-Wv. Cßs\ Htc¿∏mSv XpS-ßn-bXv Xs∂. a\p-
jy≥ \n¿Ωn-s®-SpØ aX-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ am‰w hcp-sa-∂-Xn¬
X¿°-an-√-t√m. tIc-f-Øn-em-Zy-ambn PpapA Pam-A-Øn\p
th≠n ]≈n-bn¬ t]mb kv{XoI-fpsS IY ]pSh ]d-bp-
∂p-≠v.
""tIc-f-Øn¬ BZy-ambn A√m-lp-hns‚ ]≈n-bn¬
t]mbn Bcm-[\m I¿Ω-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-SpØ c≠v apkvenw
h\n-X-Isf ChnsS ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-I. ae-∏pdw Pn√-bnse
HXmbn sh≈mw-]md JZo-P-°p-ń°v C∂v F¨]-Øn-c≠v
hb- v. tIc-f-Øn¬ ]≈n-bn¬ t]mbn Bcm-[\ \n¿h-
ln® BZysØ kv{Xo F∂ hnti-j-W-Øn-\¿l-bmWv
JZo-P-°p-ń. 1940 -I-fn¬ kv{XoIƒ ]≈n-bn¬ {]th-in-°p-
I-sb-∂Xv Duln-°m≥ t]mepw km[y-am-hmØ Imcy-am-
bn-cp-∂p. ...
....XpS-°-Øn¬ Rm≥ H‰-°m-bn-cp∂p t]mbn-cp-∂-Xv.
tijw A©p-t]¿ IqSn-h-∂p. Iptd Ign-™-t∏mƒ ho≠pw
A©p-t]¿ IqSn k∑-\ v ImWn®p cwK-Øp-h-∂p. ...
Ckvemln Xd-hm-ńse {]apJ ]WvUn-X∑ - m¿ CS-°nsS JZo-
P-°p-ńsb kµ¿in-°m-dp-≠v. C°q-´-Øn¬ sI.-F≥.Fw
kwÿm\ sk{I-´dn F.]n A_vZp¬Jm-Z¿ aue-hnsb
At±lw {]tXyIw t]sc-SpØp ]d-™p. Cub-SpØv
GXm\pw amk-ßƒ°v apºpw At±lw h∂p Ipi-em-t\z-
jWw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.'' (]p-Sh 1995 am¿®v, t]Pv 28, 29)
(55)
\_n(-k)-bpsS `mcy-amsc ]cn-K-Wn-°¬
hnUvVnØw
kv{XoIƒ ]≈n-bn-te°v ]pd-s∏´p t]mIp-∂-Xn\v \_n(-
k)-bpsS `mcy-am-cp-sStbm a°-fp-sStbm amXr-I-bn-s√∂
im^nCu Cam-ans‚ D≤-cWn kp∂n-Iƒ Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-
t∏mƒ aue-hn-am-cpsS {]Xn-I-cWw {i≤n-°pI:
""AXn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv Xs∂ \_n(-k)-bpsS `mcy-am¿
t]mb-Xmbn I≠n-ń√ F∂m-W-t√m. Chn-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-
\-]-c-ambn Hcp Imcyw \mw a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXm-
bXv Hcp Imcyw \_n(-k)bpsS `mcy-am¿ sNbvX-Xmbn
ÿnc-s∏-s´-¶n¬ am{Xta kzoI-cn°q F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv
henb hnUvVn-Ø-amWv. ImcWw Ckvem-anse ASn-ÿm-
\-]-c-amb H´p-an° Imcy-ßƒ t]mepw \_n(-k)-bpsS `mcy-
am¿ hniz-kn-®-Xmbpw BN-cn-®-Xmbpw {]tXyIw ]d-bp-∂n-
√. AXn-\¿∞w Ah¿ AsXm∂pw sNbvXn√ hniz-kn-®n√
Fs∂m-∂p-a√ - . Ah¿ sNbvXX- mbn I≠m¬ am{Xta sNøq
F∂v hmin-]n-Sn-®m¬ Ah-cpsS Ckvemw aXw h´-∏q-Py-am-
bn-cn-°pw.'' (C-kvemlv amkn-I, Pqsse 2008, t]Pv 15)
\_n(-k)-bpsS `mcy-amsc ]cn-K-Wn-°p∂p

\_n(-k)-bpsS `mcy-am-cpsS amXr-I-bn√ F∂ hkvXpX
kv{Xo PpapA Pam-A-Øn¬ kp∂n-Iƒ ]cn-K-Wn-®-t∏mƒ
hnUvVn-Ø-sa∂v Bt£-]n-®-h¿ ]n∂o-SXv as‰mcp hnj-
b-Øn¬ sXfn-hm-°p-∂Xv {i≤n-°p-I. h\n-X-Iƒ JXo-_m-
hm≥ ]‰ptam? F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v i_m-_ns‚ adp-]Sn:
""kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS amXm-°ƒ F∂v hnfn®v apkvenw
kaqlw apgp-h≥ AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ al-Xn-I-fm-Wt√m {]hm-
NI ]Xv\n-am¿... AXp-t]mse F√m-hcpw BZ-cn-°p∂ al-
Xn-bmWv {]hm-NI ]p{Xn ^mØn-a(-d). ... F∂m¬ Ch-sc-
sbm∂pw kzlm-_n-Iƒ Cam-ap-Itfm JXzo-_p-amtcm Bbn
\ntbm-Kn-®n-ń-√. B al-Xn-I-fmcpw B ÿm\-ßƒ Ah-
Im-is - ∏-ń-´p-an-√. Ahcpw {]hm-NI injy-∑m-sc-√m-hcpw B
ÿm\-ßƒ ]pcp-j-∑m-cmWv \n¿∆-ln-t°-≠Xv F∂ \ne-
]m-Sp-Im-cm-bn-cp∂p F∂s{X CXn¬ \n∂v {Kln-°m-hp-∂-
Xv. A°mew apX¬ kao-]-Imew hscbpw apkvenw temIw
X¿°w IqSmsX AwKo-I-cn-®p-t]m-cp∂ \ne-]m-SmWv ]pcp-
j-∑m¿ am{Xw JØo-_p-am-cm-bn-s°m≠v PpapA \a-kvIm-
c-Øn\p t\XrXzw hln-°p-I-sb-∂-Xv. AXn\p hncp-≤-amb
Hcp \ne-]mSv Hcp Imc-W-Ømepw km[q-I-cn-°-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-
X-√.'' (i-_m_v 2008 \hw-_¿ 28, t]Pv 28)
kv{XoIƒ°v J_¿ knbmdØv kp∂Øv
ASpØ _‘p°fpsS J_¿ knbmdØv kv{XoIƒ°v
IdmlØmsW¶nepw \_n(kz)bpsS J_¿ knbmdØv
sNø¬ kv{XoIƒ°pw kp∂ØmWv. AXpt]mse a‰p
Aºnbm°ƒ Huenbm°ƒ iplZm°ƒ XpSßnbhcpsS
J_dpw kv{XoIƒ°v knbmdØv sNø¬ kp∂ØmWv.
]q¿Wambpw aX\nbaßƒ ]men®psIm≠v am{Xta
knbmdØn\v th≠nbpw a‰p AXymhiyßƒ°v th≠nbpw
kv{XoIƒ ]pdØndßmhq F∂Xv ]dtb≠Xn√t√m.
(56)
knbm-d-Øn\p t]mI≠
sI. Da¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""s]Æp-ßƒ J_¿ knbm-
dØv sNøp-∂-Xns\ kw_-‘n®v hy‡-amb hntcm[w
kzlo-lmb lZo-kn¬ tcJ-s∏-ń-´p-≈Xv F√m-hcpw Adn-
bp∂ kwK-Xn-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ \_n(-k)-bpsS J_-dns\
knbm-dØv sNøp∂ s]Æp-ßsf CXn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-°nb
h√ tcJ-bp-apt≠m F∂v {]am-W-s∏´ ]e ]WvUnX-∑m-
tcmSpw Rm≥ tNmZn-®p. F\n°p bmsXm∂pw Inń-bn-√.
AXp-sIm≠v s]Æp-ßƒ knbm-dØ - n\p t]mI≠ F∂mWv
F\n°p a\- n-em-b-Xv.'' (l÷ns‚ hnf-°v, t]Pv 42, 43)
kv{XoIƒ°v knbm-dØv kp∂Øv

k¬k-_o¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Cu hnj-b-I-ambn lZo-kp-
I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ kv{XoIƒ°pw kp∂Øv BsW-
∂mWv a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. apkvenw _co-Z(-d)-bn¬
\n∂v D≤-cn-°p∂ lZokv t\m°p. "\_n(-k) ]d-™n-cn-
°p-∂p. Rm≥ \nßƒ°v J_¿ kµ¿i\w \ntcm-[n-®n-cn-
°p-∂p. Ct∏mƒ \nß-fXv kµ¿in-°p-I. aq∂p Znh-kØ - n¬
IqSp-X¬ _en-amwkw D]-tbm-Kn-°-cp-sX∂v Rm≥ \ntcm-
[n-®n-cp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ \nßƒ°Xv D]-tbm-Kn-°mw.'
CXmWv J_¿ knbm-dØv A\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ lZo-
kv. Cu lZo-kn¬ hnh-cn® a‰p ]e Imcy-ßfpw kv{Xo
]pcpj hyXym-k-an-√msX F√m-h¿°pw _m[-I-am-Wv.
\_n(-k)-bpsS \ntcm-[-\m-⁄-bn¬ kv{Xo ]pcp-j-∑m-
sc√mw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂X - p-t]mse ]n∂o-Sp≈ A\p-hmZ I¬∏\
]pcp-j-∑m¿°v am{X-am-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv lZo-kns‚ LS-
\°v Xs∂ FXn-cm-Wv. IqSmsX ]c-temI kvacW D≠m-
°pI F∂ Bh-iy-Øn\v th≠n-bmWv kµ¿i\w A\p-
h-Zn-®-Xv. AXv kv{XoIƒ°m-h-iy-am-Wv F∂-Xn¬ A`n-{]m-
bm-¥c - a
- p-≠h
- p-Ib
- n-√. am{X-a√ kv{XoIƒ°v J_¿ kµ¿i-
\-Øn¬ Cfhv \¬In-bn-´p-s≠∂v BC-i(d)sb kw_-
‘n®v h∂ lZokv hy‡-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.'' (k¬k-
_o¬, 1984 HIvtSm-_¿, t]Pv 34)
(57)
dpIq-Cepw kpPq-Znepw "h_n-lw-Znln'
sNm√¬ kp∂Øv
kpPq-Znepw dpIq-Cepw h_n-lw-Znln tN¿Øv ZnIvdv
sNm√¬ kp∂-Øm-sW-∂mWv 1938 hsc apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ ]Tn-
∏n-®n-cp-∂X
- v. Ah-cpsS Aa-en-øm-Øn¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p: ""dpIq-
C¬ ]pdhpw IgpØpw ka-am-°p-∂Xpw c≠v Imen-s‚bpw
apń-t∑¬ ssI∏Sw sh°p-∂Xpw kp_vlm\ d∫n-b¬
Afow h_n-lw-Znln F∂v aq∂p {]mhiyw sNm√p-∂Xpw
kp∂-Øm-Wv.'' (t]Pv 20) kpPq-Zn¬ sNm√¬ kp∂-Ømb
ZnIvdpw CtX cq]-Øn¬ Xs∂-bmWv. ""kp_vlm\ d∫n-
b¬ AAvem h_n-lw-Znln F∂v aq∂p {]mhiyw sNm√p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv kp∂-Øm-Wv.'' (t]Pv 22)
CS-°m-eØv _nZv-AØmbn!
BZy-Im-eØv kp∂-Ømb ZnIvdv CS-°m-eØv A\m-Nm-
c-ambn amdp-∂Xv ImWp-I. sI.-F≥.Fw ]pd-Øn-d-°nb
Ckvemln {]ÿm\w F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p:
""\a-kvIm-c-Ønse dpIq-C¬ kp_vlm\ d∫n-b¬ Afow
h_n-lw-Znln F∂pw kpPq-Zn¬ kp_vlm\ d∫n-b¬ A-
Avem h_n-lw-Znln F∂pw aq∂p h´w hoXw sNm√-W-sa-
∂mWv kp∂n-Iƒ P\-ßsf ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬
CXnse "h_n-lw-Znln' F∂ ]Zw \_n-N-cy-bpsS ]n≥_-
e-an-√mØ ]pØ≥ \n¿an-Xn-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ B ]Zw Dt]-
£n-°pI Xs∂ thW-sa∂v ke^n {]ÿm\w P\-ßsf
DXvt_m-[n-∏n-®p.'' (C-kvemln {]ÿm-\w, t]Pv 153)
2008 apX¬ A\p-h-Z-\obw
2008 ¬ ]pd-Øn-d-°nb lpssk≥ ke-^n-bpsS a\x-
im¥n {]m¿∞-\-bn-eqsS F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ _nZv-A-
Ømb ZnIvdv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-ambn amdn. ""kp_vlm\ d∫n-
b¬ Afow h_n-lw-Znln F∂p sNm√p-∂-Xnepw hntcm-[-
an-√.'' (t]Pv 128)
lZokv sXfnhv
kp∂n-Iƒ ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp∂ kpPq-Zn-sebpw dpIq-C-ebpw
ZnIvdv lZo-kns‚ ]n≥_-e-an-√mØ ]pØ≥ \n¿an-Xn-bm-
sW∂pw AXv h¿Pn-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂pw DXvt_m-[n-∏n-®-h¿
Ct∏mƒ AXn\v lZokv sXfnhp≤cn-°p-∂Xv ImWpI:
""DJv_Xv _v\p Ban¿(-d) \nth-Z\w: \_n(-k) dpIq-
C¬ kp_vlm\ d∫n-b¬ Afow h_n-lw-Znln F∂v aq∂p
{]mh-iyhpw kpPq-Zn¬ kp_vlm\ d∫n-b¬ AAvem h_n-
lw-Znln F∂p aq∂p {]mh-iyhpw ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.''
(ss_-l-Jn, A_q-Zm-hq-Zv) (I¿a-imkv{X kw{K-lw, t]Pv
147, bp.-F.C C¥y≥ Ckvemln sk‚¿)
A¬_m-\nsb Bt£-]n-°-cpXv
"h_n-lw-Znln' kp∂-Øm-sW∂v kp∂n-Iƒ ]Tn-∏n-®-
t∏mƒ Bt£-]-hp-ambn cwK-Øp-h-∂-h¿ A¬_m\n F∂
Ah-cpsS t\Xmhv kzn^Xp kzem-Xn-\-_nøn F∂ ]pkvX-
I-Øn¬ Cu ZnIvdv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-ht√m F∂ tNmZy-Øn\p
\¬Ip∂ adp-]Sn ImWpI: ""alm-]-WvUn-X-\mb \mk-dp-
±o≥ A¬_m-\n°v h_n-lw-Znln Dƒs∏´ dnt∏m¿ńs‚ ]c-
º-c-I-fn¬ GsX-¶nepw {]_-e-sa∂v t_m[y-s∏-ń-´p-≠m-
Imw. AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ dpIq-Cepw kpPq-Znepw
"h_n-lw-Znln' tN¿Øp-sIm≠v Xkv_olv sNm√m-hp-∂-
XmWv F∂ At±-l-Øns‚ ho£-WsØ Bt£-]n-°m-
hp-∂-X-√.'' (i-_m_v 2009 Unkw-_¿ 25, t]Pv 28)
CØ-cs - amcp \ne-]mSv Cam-ap-If
- psS {KŸ-tØmSpw D≠m-
bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ I¿a-im-kv{X-Øn¬ hnhm-Z-ßƒ DS-se-Sp-°n-
√m-bn-cp-∂p.
Xdm-holv
dafm\nse {][m\ \nkvImcamWv Xdmholv. CXv
Ccp]Xv dIvAØp≠v. kzlm_Øns‚bpw CamapIfpsS
bpw GIm`n{]mbw CXn\p≠v . \_n(kz) Xdmholv
\nkv I cn®Xns‚ dIv A Xns‚ FÆw hy‡am°p∂
lZokpIsfm∂pw kzoImcya√. {]hmNIcpsS h^mØn\v
tijw Xdmholv PamAØv Hcp Caman\v Iogn¬
]p\xkwLSn∏n®Xv Da¿(d)hmWv. Camw ss_lJn(d)
dnt∏m¿´v sNøp∂p. kmC_n(d)¬ \n∂v \nthZ\w:
Da¿(d)s‚ ImeØv Ah¿ (kzlm_nIƒ) dafm≥ amkw
Ccp]Xv dIvAXv (Xdmholv) \nkvIcn°mdp≠mbncp∂p.
Cu lZokv kzlolmsW∂v Camw \hhn(d) idlp¬
apl±_nepw (5/39) Camw kpbqYn(d) A¬lmhn en¬
^Xmhbnepw (1/539)epw tcJs∏SpØnbXv ImWmw.
kzlm_Øns‚ am¿Kw Ahew_n°Wsa∂ \_n
(kz)bpsS I¬∏\ AwKoIcn°pIbmWv 4 aZvl_ns‚
CamapIfpw Ahsc XpScp∂ temI apkv e nwIfpw
sNbvXXv. \_n(kz)bpsS {]h¿Ø\w kzlm_Øv A∏Sn
kzoIcn°pIb√msX AXnte‰°pd®nepIƒ hcpØp
sa∂v hnizkn°m≥ Jp¿B\n¬ \n∂v kzlm_Øns‚
alXzw a\ nem°nbh¿°v km[ya√. Da¿(d)hns‚
ImeØv kzlm_nIƒ 20 dIvAXv \nkvIcn®n´v Hcmfpw
AXns\ FXn¿Ønń√. aZo\bnse ]≈ntbmSv tN¿∂mWv
BCi(d)bpsS hoSv . alXnbS°w F√mhcpw Hcp
_nZvAØns\ AwKoIcn®p F∂v ]dbm≥ Hcp hnizmkn
°pw hgnbn√. apkvenw kapZmbw ]nghnt∑¬ GtIm]n
°n√. F∂t√ \_n(kz) ]Tn∏n®Xv . (sI.F≥.Fw
]cn`mjbn¬ {]kvXpX lZokv D≤cn®n´p≠v. t]Pv 735)
tIcfØn¬ 1941\v apºmbn Hcmƒ°pw Xdmholv dIvAXn
¬ A`n{]mb hyXymkw D≠mbncp∂n√. apPmlnZpIfpw
Ccp]Xv dIvAØmsW∂mbncp∂p BZyw ]Tn∏n®ncp∂Xv.
Xdmholv dIvAØn¬ hnhmZw XpSßnb auehnam¿°v
Ct∏mgpw F{X dIvAØmWv Xdmholv F∂v Xo¿Øp
]dbm≥ Ign™nń√.
(58)
Xdmholv F´v dIv-AXv
Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Xdm-holv F∂ t]cn¬ C∂v
\a-kvI-cn-°m-dp≈ da-fm-\nse cm{Xn \a-kvImcw F´v dIv-
A-Øm-sW-∂X - n\v apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ°v apI-fn¬ ]d™ sXfn-
hp-Iƒ aXn.'' (A¬ Ckvemlv 1996 k]vXw-_¿, t]Pv 2)
F´v dIv-AXv hmZn-®n-ń√

Xdm-holv dIv-AXv 1940 \p tij-amWv aue-hn-am¿ hnhm-
Z-am-°n-b-Xv. F´m-sW∂pw ]Xn-s\m-∂m-sW∂pw ]Tn-∏n-®p.
Ct∏mƒ F´v dIv-AXv ]Tn-∏n-®n-t´-bn√ F∂v s]cpw \pW
Fgp-Xp-Ib - mWv aue-hn-am¿. A_vZp¬ P∫m¿ auehn Fgp-
Xp∂p: ""tIc-f-Ønse Ckvem-ln-Isf Ipdn®v Ah¿ F´v
dIv - A - X p- I m- c m- s W∂ hmZw \pW- { ]- N m- c - W - a m- s W∂p
ChnsS {]tXyIw DW¿Øp-∂p.'' (A-lvep- p∂ BZ¿iw,
t]Pv 84)
(59)
8 Dw 3 Dw \nkvI-cn®p
aue-hn-am¿ CS-°m-eØv ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂Xv Xdm-holv 8
Dw hnXvdv 3 Dw F∂m-bn-cp-∂p. A¬ Ckvemlv Fgp-Xp∂p:
""\_n(-k) F´v dIv-AXv \a-kvI-cn-®p. aq∂v sIm≠v
hnXvdm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.... dkq¬(-k) Ah-scbpw (kz-lm-
_n-Iƒ) sIm≠v 8 dIv-AXv \a-kvI-cn-®p. ]n∂oSv hnXvdpw
\nkvI-cn-®p.... \_n(-k) F´v dIv-A-Ø-√msX (X-dm-ho-lv)
\a-kvI-cn-®n-ń-√.'' (]p. 2, e. 11)
F´pw aq∂pw icn-b√

Xdm-holv F´pw hnXvdv aq∂pw F∂ [mcW icn-b√
t]m¬. i_m_v hmcnI Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Xdm-holv F´v dIv-
AØpw hnXvdv aq∂v dIvA
- Øpw F∂ [mcW Xs∂ ]q¿W-
ambn icn-b-√. ... F∂m¬ F´v dIvAXv am{X-amWv Xdm-
holv F∂ [mc-W°v bmsXmcp ASn-ÿm-\-hp-an-√.
(60)
Xdm-holv da-fm-\nse {]tXyI \nkvImcw
ÿm]I t\Xm-°f - mb Fw.-kn.-kn. A_vZp-dl
- vam≥ aue-
hn. Sn.sI auehn XpS-ßn-b-h¿ Fgp-Xp-∂p: ""Xdm-holv CXv
da-fm-\nse {]tXyI \nkvIm-c-am-Wv.'' (A-∆ep ^n¬ Aa-
en-øm-Øv, t]Pv 34, 6mw ]Xn∏v 1936)
Xdm-holv da-fm-\n¬ {]tXy-I-a√

A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Xdm-holv da-Zm-\n¬ {]tXyI
\nkvIm-c-a-√. Iznbm-ap-ss√¬ F∂ t]cn¬ F√m cm{Xn-I-
fnepw Zo¿L-t\cw \n∂p \a-kvI-cn-t°-≠p∂ Xl-÷p-
Zns‚ as‰mcp t]cmWv Xdm-holv'' (A¬a\m¿ 2010 BK-
Ãv1, t]Pv 33)
(61)
Xdm-holv 11 ¬ IqSp-X¬ \njn-≤-a√
C¥y≥ Ckvemln sk‚¿ ]pd-Øn-d-°nb da-km≥
Biw-k-Iƒ F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""F∂m¬

]Xn-s\m∂p dIv-A-Ønepw A[n-I-am-bmepw Ip‰-sam-∂p-an-
√....... FÆw ]Xn-s\m-∂m-sWt∂m AXnepw IqSp-X-em-
sWt∂m Ipd-hm-sWt∂m H∂pw ¢n]vX-s∏-SpØn ]d-™n-
´p-an-√.'' (d-akm≥ Biw-k-Iƒ)
]Xn-s\m∂n¬ IqSp-X¬ A\m-Nmcw

apkvenw-I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬
sI.-F≥.Fw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p: ""{]hm-N-I≥ Xdm-holv ]Xn-
s\m∂v dIv-AØv am{X-amWv h¿[n® \ne°v \nkvI-cn-°m-
dp-≈-Xv. bmsXmcp kml-N-cy-Ønepw ]Xn-s\m-∂n¬ IqSp-
X¬ \a-kvI-cn-°p-I F∂Xv Ahn-SpsØ Ncy-bn¬ s]´-
X√ Cu A\m-Nmcw ]n¬°m-eØv Nne¿ Ckvem-an¬ Ah-
cpsS CPvXn-lm-Zns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ÿm]n-®-Xm-Wv.''
(t]Pv 274)

aZvl-_p-Iƒ
{]amWßƒ ASnÿm\s∏SpØnbmWv aX\nbaßƒ
]dtb≠Xv. {]amWßƒ ]cntim[n°p∂Xv Adnhp≈
CamapIfmbncn°Ww. Adnhn√mØh¿ Adnhp≈hsc
]n¥pScpIbmWv th≠Xv. CXn\mWv aZvl_v
kzoIcn°pI F∂v ]dbp∂Xv. Camw _pJmcn(d), Camw
apkvenw(d), Camw \hhn(d) XpSßnb ]WvUnX∑m¿ Xs∂
aZv l _v kzoIcn®hcmsW∂p hcptºmƒ aZv l _v
hn´psIm≠p≈ Hcp CkvemanI PohnXw \ap°v Xo¿Øpw
A{]mtbmKnIamWv.
{]amWßƒ°\pkrXambn Pohn°pI F∂Xn\p
hncp≤a√ aZvl_v kzoIcn°pI F∂Xv. {]amWßƒ°
\pkrXambn aXw ]d™hsc ]n¥pSc¬ Fßs\
{]amWßƒ°XoXamhp∂Xv?
hnhcan√mØh¿ hnhcap≈htcmSv tNmZn°pI F∂Xv
GXv _p≤nbpw AwKoIcn°p∂ ImcyamWv . \nßƒ
Adnhn√mØhcmsW¶n¬ Adnhp≈htcmSv tNmZn°pI
F∂Xv Jp¿B\ns‚ \n¿t±iamWv. F√mhcpw {]amWw
t\m°n hn[n Is≠ØWw. Hcmfpw as‰mcmsf XJveoZv
sNøcpXv. A‘ambn A\pIcn°cpXv F∂msW¶n¬
F√mh¿°pw Ad_n `mj ]T\w \n¿_‘amsW∂v
]dtb≠n hcns√? am{Xa√, Ad_n `mjbn¬ hyp¬∏Øn
t\Sn {]amWßƒ t\m°n hn[n Is≠Ønb tijw aXn
\nkvImchpw a‰p C_mZØpIfpw A\pjvTn°¬ F∂pw
]dtb≠n hcnt√? At∏mƒ Ggv hb v apX¬ IpńItfmSv
\nkvImcw sIm≠v I¬∏n°Ww. ]Øv hb mbm¬
\nkvIcn®ns√¶n¬ ASn°Ww F\v \_n(kz) ]d™Xn
s‚ s]mcpƒ F¥mWv? Ggv hb p≈ Ipń Fßs\
aX\nbaßƒ a\ nem°¬? am{Xa√ aZvdkIƒ, amknI,
hmcnI XpSßnb {]kn≤oIcWßƒ Cd°p∂Xns‚
bp‡n F¥mWv? ImcWw Ah\h\v {]amWßƒ t\m°n
a\ nembXv F¥mtWm AXv sNøpI F∂√msX
aZvdkm _p°n¬ hmcnIbn¬ amknIbn¬ GsX¶nepw
hy‡n°v a\ nemb Imcyßƒ FgpXnsh®Xv kzoIcn
°¬ XJveoZv Xs∂bt√? DØa \q‰m≠n¬ Pohn®
CamapIƒ ]d™Xv kzoIcn°cpsX∂pw ]Xn\mev \q‰m
≠n\v tijw h∂ auehnam¿ ]dbp∂Xv kzoIcn°msa∂p
amtWm hlm_nIƒ ]dbp∂Xv. CXv _p≤nbp≈h¿°v
kzoIcn°m≥ Ignbptam? aZv l _ns‚ hnjbØn¬
auehnam¿ FgpXnb sshcp≤yßƒ \ap°v hmbn°mw.
(62)
aZvl_pIƒ apkzo-_Xv
Da¿ auehn k¬k-_oen¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Cu aZvl-_p-
Iƒ aqehpw ^nJvlns‚ InXm-_p-Iƒ aqehpw Ckvemw
aX-Øn\p t\cn´ apkzo-_X
- p-Iƒ hºn-®X
- m-Ip-∂p.'' (k¬k-
_o¬, 1972 k]vXw-_¿, t]Pv 15)
aZvl-_p-I-fpsS tkh\w AXn-a-l-Øm-bXv

""Camw A_q-l-\o^ (lnPvd 80-˛150) Camw amenIv
(lnPvd 93-˛170) Camw im^nCu (lnPvd 150-˛204) Camw
Alva-Zp_v\p lº¬ (lnPvd 164-˛241) Ime-L-´-ß-fn-emWv
Pohn-®n-cp-∂X- v. Cu Ime-L´- Ø
- n¬ I¿a-imkv{Xw hnImkw
{]m]n®p. Jp¿-B-\nepw kp∂-Ønepw Ad_n `mj-bnepw
hyp¬∏Øn t\Snb {]Xn-`m[\-cmb ]WvUn-X-∑m¿ CPvXn-
lmZv \SØn ]n¬°m-eØv AXv aZvl-_p-I-fmbn Adn-b-
s∏-´p..... alm-∑m-cmb Cu Cam-ao-ßƒ apkvenw temI-Øn\p
sNbvX tkh-\-ßƒ AXn-a-l-Øm-b-Xm-Wv. Ckvem-anI
\nb-a-ßƒ A\m-bmkw ssIImcyw sNøm\pw Zo\o hn[n-
Iƒ Ffp-∏-Øn¬ {Kln-°p-∂-Xn\v ]n≥X-e-ap-d°v km[n-
®Xv Ch-cpsS A{im¥ ]cn-{i-a-^-e-am-bn-´m-Wv. Cu alm-
flm-°sf X≈n-∏-d-bmt\m Ch-cpsS tkh-\-ßsf sNdp-
Xm-bn-°m-Wmt\m Hcp apkven-an\pw km[y-a-√. Hcp Zo\o
hnZym¿∞n°v A¤p-Xt- ØmsSb√msX t\m°n-°m-Wm\pw
km[y-a-√. (hn-Nn-¥-\w, 2006 s^{_p-hcn 10, t]Pv 4)
aZvl_v kzoIcn®hsc FXn¿°p∂h¿

`n∂n∏p≠m°p∂h¿: sI.Fw. auehn
aZvl_v kzoIcn®hsc Bt£]n°cpsX∂pw AXv
kapZmbØn¬ `n∂n∏p≠m°emsW∂pw sI.Fw. auehn
]Tn∏n°p∂Xv ImWpI: ""\ΩpsS Alvep p∂Øns‚
Deam°ƒ XΩn¬ A`n{]mbt`Zap≈ akvAeIfn¬
GsXmcp aZvl_v kzoIcn®v Aa¬ sNøp∂hscbpw
Bt£]n°phmt\m Ah¿ ap_vXZoßfmsW∂v hn[n°m
t\m \ap°v bmsXmcp AhImihpan√.... Alvep p∂Øn
s‚ Camaoßƒ XΩn¬ kp∂sØ∂pw _nZvAsØ∂pw
X¿°ap≈ hnjbßfn¬ HmtcmcpØcpw ]d™n´p≈
ZeoepIsf \mw tXSn t\m°Ww. ]t£ ]mX_p≤nsb
Xotc hntcm[n®v Ignbpwhn[w B ZeoepIsf Ipdn®v \mw
\√hÆw Nn¥n°Ww. Xs‚ a\ n\v hm°v , Zeo¬
sIm≠v _es∏´Xmbn sXfn™pthm AXns\ Xm≥
kzoIcn®psIm≈Ww. FXn¿ hmZsØ kzoIcn®hsc
Bt£]n°phm≥ X\n°hIm ian√. \ΩpsS kapZm
bØnse khmZp¬ AAv f amb Alv e p p∂Øns‚
CPvamHmSv Bcv amdmIp∂pthm Bcv FXncmIp∂pthm
Ahsc am{Xta \ap°v Bt£]n°p hm≥ AhImiap≈q.
Cu l±v hn´v Bcv {]h¿Øn°p∂pthm Ah¿ kapZmb
sØ `n∂n∏n°p∂hcmbncn°pw.'' (sI.Fw. auehn
^XvhIƒ, t]Pv 86)

(63)
kz¥-ambn H∂pw ]d-bp-∂n√
hnizm-kn-Isf h©n-°m≥ th≠n aue-hn-am¿ ]dbpw.
Rßƒ kz¥-ambn H∂pw ]d-bp-∂n-s√-∂v. A¬a-\m¿
FgpXp∂p:
""kz¥-ambn apPm-lnZv {]ÿm\w H∂pw ]d-bp-∂n-√. Jp¿-
B\pw \_n-N-cybpw t\¿°p-t\¿ {]t_m-[\w \S-ØpI
am{X-amWv sNøp-∂X - v.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2009 Unkw-_¿, t]Pv.4)
]WvUn-X-∑msc ]n¥p-S¿∂v Pohn-°p∂ hnizm-kn-Isf
hgn-sX-‰n®v Xs‚ ]mf-b-Øn-te°v tN¿°m-\p≈ hgn-bm-
Wn-Xv. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ch¿ Jp¿-B≥ kp∂-Øns‚ Bfp-
I-f-√. adn®v Ch-cpsS t\Xm-°-∑msc A‘-ambn A\p-I-
cn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv.
kz¥-ambn ]d-bp∂p
Jp¿-B-≥, kp∂Øv D≤-cn-°msX aue-hn-amsc A‘-
ambn ]n¥p-Sc
- p-∂X
- n\p DZm-lc
- W
- ß
- ƒ \nc-h[
- n-bp-≠v. H∂p-
am{Xw D≤-cn-°s´. auehn iwkp-±o≥ ]me-Øp-am-bp≈
A`n-apJw {i≤n-°pI:
""Ign™ Xeapdbntem at‰m Pohn® Hcm-fpsS Jco≥
Abm-fn¬ \n∂v th¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw C∂v Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ Hcm-
fpsS ico-c-Øn¬ Ibdn acn-®p-t]mb BfpsS kzc-Øn¬
kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvtX-°m-sa∂v \nßƒ (iw-kp-±o≥
]me-Øv) ]d-™n-´pt≠m? (D-Ø-cw) D≠v. ]t£ AXpw
Fs‚ kz¥-amb Kth-j-W-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. tUm. Dkvam≥
kmln_v k¬k-_o-en¬ "Pn∂pw ]nimNpw' F∂ hnj-b-
Øn¬ Fgp-Xnb ]T-\m¿l-amb Hcp teJ\ ]c-º-c-bp-≠m-
bn-cp-∂p. AXn¬ Jco-\n-s\- Ip-dn®v At±lw Fgp-Xn-b-Xn¬
\n∂mWv "t{]X-_m[' F∂v Nne¿ ]d-bp∂ Cu ss]im-
NnI D]-{Z-hsØ Rm≥ hni-Zo-I-cn-®-Xv. ]t£, Jp¿-B-
s‚bpw kzlo-lmb lZo-kn-s‚bpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

"t{]X-_m[' C∏-d™ - Xv Xs∂-bm-sW∂v Dd-∏n®p ]d-bm≥
\ap°p sXfn-hn-s√-¶nepw tUmIvS-dpsS \nKa\w ]mtS
sX‰m-sW∂p ]d-bm\pw Ign-bn-√.'' (k-e^n {]ÿm\w:
hna¿i-\-ßfpw adp-]-Sn-bpw, kI-cnø kzem-ln, t]Pv 144)
t{]X- _ m- [ - b psS hnj- b - Ø n¬ auehn iwkp- ± o≥
]meØv ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bXv tUm. Dkvams‚ Hcp teJ-
\-amWv AXm-hs´ Jp¿-B≥, lZokv sIm≠v sXfn-bn-°m≥
Ch¿°v Ign-bn√ Xm\pw. F∂n´pw AXn¬ A‘-ambn
auehn hniz-kn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ CtX auehn as‰mcp
hnj-b-Øn¬ C_v\p-ssX-an-øsb X≈p-∂Xpw AXn\p ]d-
bp∂ Imc-Whpw {i≤n°pI:
""Pn∂p-Isf \mw Adnt™m Adn-bm-sXtbm D]-{Z-hn-®-
Xns‚ {]Xn-Im-c-sat∂mWw Ah¿ \sΩ Xncn®pw D]-{Z-hn-
°m-sa∂v ssiJp¬ Ckvemw ]d™ hmN-I-ß-fpsS ASn-
ÿm-\Ø - n-em-WnXv (Rm≥) ]d-™X - v. ]t£ Jp¿-B\
- ntem
lZo-kntem hy‡-amb sXfn-hn-s√∂v t_m[y-s∏-´-Xn-\m¬
AXv Rm≥ Xncp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v... sXfn-hns‚ A`m-h-Øn¬
ssiJp¬ Ckvem-ans‚ Cu \nK-a-\sØ ]cn-K-Wn-t°-
≠- X n√ F∂v F\n°v t_m[y- a m- b n- ´ p- ≠ v . '' (AtX
]pkvXIw, t]Pv 144)
t\m°q. c≠v hnj-b-Øn\pw Jp¿-B≥, kp∂Øv sXfn-
hn√ F∂v t_m[y-s∏-ń´pw AØcw Imcy-ßƒ {]N-cn-∏n-®p.
]n∂oSv AXv N¿®mhnj-b-am-b-t∏mƒ sXfn-hn-s√∂v ]d™v
C_v\p-ssX-an-øsb X≈nb auehn iwkp-±o≥ ]meØv tUm.
Dkvam≥ sXfn-hn-√msX ]d-™-Xns\ sIm≈p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
CXn¬\ns∂√mw a\- n- e m- I p- ∂ Xv Rßƒ Jp¿- B ≥
kp∂Øv t\¿°p-t\¿ {]t_m-[\w sNøp∂p F∂v aue-hn-
am¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv hymP-amWv F∂mWv.

Jp\qØv
kp_v l n \nkv I mcØnse c≠mw dIv A Ønse
CAvXnZmen¬ Jp\qØv HmX¬ kp∂ØmWv. h^mØv
hsc \_n(kz) kp_v l n \nkv I mcØn¬ Jp\qØv
HmXnbncp∂p F∂v kzlolmb ]cºcbneqsS Camw
ss_lJn D≤cn® lZokmWv CamapIƒ CXn\v
tcJbmbn D≤cn®Xv.
(64)
Jp\qØv kp∂Øv
""kp_vlns‚ Ah-km-\sØ CA-vXn-Zm-enepw apkvenw-
Iƒ°v h√ B]Øpw kw`-hn-®m¬ A©v \a-kvIm-c-
Øns‚ Ah-km-\sØ CAvXn-Zm-enepw Jp\qXv HmX¬
kp∂-Øm-Wv.'' (A-a-en-øm-Øv, t]Pv 20-˛21, Fw.-kn.-kn.)
Jp\qXv A\m-Nmcw
""kp_vlv \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ Nne¿ Jp\qØv HmXp-∂Xv
ImWmw. im^nCu aZvl_v {]Nm-c-Øn-ep≈ apkvenw-
Iƒ°n-S-bn-emWv Cu A\m-Nmcw ImWm≥ km[n-°p-∂-
Xv.'' (ap-kvenw-I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ, t]Pv 163)
(65)
hnXvdnse Jp\qØv: lZokv kzlo-l√
Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""\_n(-k) hnXvdn¬ GsX-¶nepw
ImeØv Jp\qØv HmXn-b-Xmbn kzlo-lmb Hcp lZo-
knepw \nth-Z\w sNøp-∂n-√.'' (ap-kvenw-I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ)
lZo-kp-Iƒ kzlo-lmWv
]n¬°m-eØv aue-hn-am¿°v Xs∂ kΩ-Xn-t°≠n
h∂p. hnXvdnse Jp\q-Xns‚ lZokv kzlo-lm-sW-∂v. kI-
cnø kzemln Fgp-Xp∂p: ""bYm¿∞-Øn¬ hnXvdnse Jp\q-
Xns‚ lZokv flo^v (Zp¿_-ew) BsW∂v Nne ]WvUn-
X-∑m-cpsS \nK-a\w kXy-am-sW∂v Icp-Xn-bXp sIm≠mWv
hnXvdn¬ Jp\q-Xn-s√∂v \ΩpsS ]WvUn-X∑- m¿ ]ecpw hniz-
kn-®-Xv. F∂m¬ temI-Øns‚ \m\m-`m-K-Øp-ap≈ ke-
^n-Iƒ Icp-Xp-∂-t]mse Cu hnj-b-Øn-ep≈ lZo-kp-Iƒ
kzlo-lm-sW∂pw AXv sIm≠v hnXvdnse Jp\qXv kp∂-
Øm-sW∂pw hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿ tIc-f-Ønse apPm-ln-Zp-
Iƒ°nS-bn-ep-ap-≠v.'' (Kƒ^v ke-^n-Ifpw tIc-f-Ønse
Ckvemln {]ÿm-\-hpw, t]Pv 172)
(66)
ZnIvdv l¬J: lZokv sXfnhv
ZnIvdv l¬J°v lZo-kns‚ ]n≥_-e-ap-s≠∂v Aam\n
auehn Fgp-Xp-∂p. ""A\-kv(-d) \ntZ-h-\w. \_n(-k)
]d™p: \nßƒ kz¿K-tØm-∏p-Iƒ°-cnsI \S-∂p-t]m-hp-
I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXn¬ IS-∂p-ta-bpI. Ah¿ tNmZn-®p.
GXmWv kz¿K-tØm-∏p-Iƒ? \_n(k) ]d™p: ZnIvdv
l¬J-Iƒ.'' (B-fp-Iƒ h´-am-bn-cp∂p ZnIvdv sNm√p∂ kZ-
v) (Xp¿ap-Zn) (C-kvem-anI PohnXw 418)
CXv ]ng-hmWv
{]kvXpX lZo-kns‚ A¿∞w Aam\n ]d-™Xv ]ng-
hm-sW∂v A_vZp- emw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Iptd Bfp-
Iƒ Hcp ÿeØv ktΩ-fn®v Iptd-sbÆw ZnIvdv Dds°
sNm√p∂ Hcp kZ- m-Wn-sX∂v Nne¿ sX‰n-≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-
∂p. lZo-kp-Isf ka-{K-ambn ]Tn®p Ahsb tbmPn-∏n-
°p-∂-Xn¬ Nne¿°p kw`-hn® ]ng-hmWv Cu [mc-W°v
Imc-Ww.'' (ap-kvenw-I-f-nse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ, sI.-F≥.-Fw. t]Pv 415)
\nkvImcØnse ssIsI´¬
\nkvImcØn¬ ssI sIt´≠Xv s\©n\v Xmsgbm
sW∂ hnjbØn¬ ]WvUnX∑m¿ GIm`n{]mb°mcmWv.
s\©ns‚ Xmsg s]m°nfn\p aosXbmhWsa∂v Camw
im^nCu(d) Camw AlvaZv _v\p lº¬(d) F∂nhcpw
s]m°nfn\v XmsgbmWv sht°≠Xv F∂v Camw A_ql
\o^(d)bpw ssI Xmgv Ø nbnSpIbmWv th≠sX∂v
amenIn aZvl_nse {]_e A`n{]mbambpw ]WvUnX∑m¿
hniZoIcn®n´p≠v. s\©n\v apIfn¬ ssI sh°Wsa∂v
B[nImcnI ]WvUnX∑m¿ Bcpw Xs∂ ]Tn∏n®nń√.
(67)
s\©n-\pw s]m°n-fn-\p-an-S-bn¬
ssI sI´¬ kp∂Øv
\nkvI-cn-°p-∂-h≥ s\©n-s‚bpw s]m°n-fn-s‚bpw CS-
bn¬ ssI sI´-emWv kp∂-Øv. apPm-lnZv ÿm]I t\Xm-
°-fmb Fw.-kn.-kn. aue-hn, Sn.sI aue-hn, C.sI auehn
XpS-ßn-b-h¿ cNn® Aa-en-ømØv ImWpI:
""A√mlp AIv_¿ F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ hncep-Iƒ
XΩn¬ sXmSmsX \nh¿Ønbpw sIm≠v ssI∏-S-ßƒ Npa-
ens‚ t\sc Db¿Øp-∂Xpw ]ns∂ Ahsb s\©n-s‚bpw
s]m°n-fn-s‚bpw CS-bn¬ sh°p-∂Xpw he-tØXv sIm≠v
CS-tØ-Xns‚ sIWn-∏n¬ ]nSn®v sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂Xpw kp∂-
Øm-Wv.'' (A-a-en-øm-Øv, t]Pv 18, 1936. Bdmw ]Xn-∏v)

s\©n\p Xmsg ssIsI-´¬ A\m-Nmcw
"apkvenw-I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ' F∂ t]cn¬ sI.-
F≥.Fw Cd-°nb ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""\nkvI-cn-
°p-tºmƒ hb-dn-t∑¬ Nne¿ ssI sI´p-∂p. a‰p-Nn-e¿
s]m°n-fn\p Xmsg ASn-h-b-dn-t∑¬ ssIsI-´p-∂p. Ch-
sb√mw Xs∂ \_n-N-cy-s°-Xn-cm-Wv.'' (]pdw 143)
(67)
s]cp-∂m-fn\p c≠v JpXp_ kp∂Øv

s]cp-∂mƒ \nkvIm-c-Øn\p c≠v JpXp_ \n¿h-ln-°-
emWv \_n-N-cy-sb∂v A¬a-\m¿ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. ""Pam-A-
Ømbpw sIm≠v c≠v dIv-AXv \nkvIm-chpw XpS¿∂v Ah-
k-tcm-Nn-X-amb hnj-b-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≈n®p sIm≠v c≠v
JpXp-_-Ifpw \_n(-k) \n¿h-ln-®n-cp-∂p. \ap°pw amXrI
CXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 1950 k]vXw-_¿ 20, t]. 2)
s]cp-∂m-fn\p Hcp JpXp_ am{Xw

]pXnb aue-hnam¿°v s]cp-∂mƒ JpXp_ H∂p-am-{X-
am-Wv. kemwkp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""sNdnb s]cp-∂m-fn-s‚bpw
_en-s]-cp-∂m-fn-s‚bpw JpXp_ Hmtcm∂p am{Xw \n¿h-
ln-°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p \_n(-k)-bp-sSbpw kzlm-_-Xn-
s‚bpw Ncy'' (ap-kvenw-I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ, t]Pv 206)

(69)
Hcp XbΩpw sIm≠v Hcp ^¿fv am{Xw
ÿm]I t\Xm-°ƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p: ""F¶nepw ^¿fv \a-
kvImcw H∂-√msX Hcp XbΩpw sIm≠v sNøm≥ ]mSn-√.
JØo_v BsW-¶n¬ JpXp-_°v H∂pw tijw \a-kvIm-
c-Øn\p as‰m∂pw Cßs\ c≠v XbΩpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.''
(A-∆ep ^n¬ Aa-en-øm-Øv, t]Pv 15, 1938. 6 mw ]Xn-∏v)
H∂n¬ IqSp-X¬ ]mSn-s√-∂Xv A‘-hn-izmkw
Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Hcp XbΩpw sIm≠v AXv
apdn-bmØ ]£hpw H∂n¬ IqSp-X¬ ^¿fv \nkvI-cn-°p-
hm≥ ]mSn-√. F∂m¬ kp∂Øv F{Xbpw \nkvI-cn-°m-
sa∂pw Hcp A‘-hn-izmkw im^nCu aZvl_v {]Nm-c-Øn-
ep≈ apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ ImWmw.'' (ap-kvenw-I-fnse
A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ, sI.-F≥.-Fw, ]pdw 101)
(70)
XbΩpw, kabw Bb-Xn\p tijw
""GXv \nkvIm-c-Øn\v th≠n XbΩpw sNøp-∂pthm
AXns‚ kabw Bbn-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw.'' (A-∆-ep-^n¬
Aa-en-øm-Øv, t]Pv 14. 1938)
kabw BhW-sa-∂Xv sX‰mb hnizmkw
Xb-Ωp-an\v kabamh¬ Hcp \n_-‘\ - b
- m-bn-´mWv BZy-
Ime aue- h n- a m¿ ]Tn- ∏ n- ® n- c p- ∂ - X v . F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ
AsX√mw A\m-Nm-c-Øns‚ ]ń-I-bn¬ B[p-\nI aue-
hn-am¿ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p: ""XbΩpw \nkvIm-c-Øns‚
kabw BIp-∂-Xn\v apºv ]mSn-√. Hcmƒ fplv¿ \a-kvIm-
c-Øn\p XbΩpw sNøp-I-bm-sW∂v hnNm-cn-°p-I. F∂m¬
fplvdns‚ ka-b-amb tijta AXv ]mSp-≈q. C{]-Imcw
Hcp sX‰mb hnizmkw Nne apkvenw-I-fn¬ ImWmw.'' (ap-
kvenw-I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ, sI.-F≥.Fw 105)
(71)
ssI ap´v hsc XS-h¬ \n¿_-‘w
Xb-Ωp-ans‚ \mem-asØ dpIv\mbn ÿm]I t\Xm-°ƒ
]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-ß-s\-bm-Wv: "ssI c≠pw ap´p-Iƒ klnXw
XS-hpI' (Aaenøm-Øv, t]Pv 15)
ap´v hsc XS-h¬ A\m-Nmcw
Fgp-Xp∂p: ""XbΩpw sNøp∂ kµ¿`-Øn¬ hpfq-C¬ ap´p-
hsc Igp-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse ap´p-hsc XS-h-W-sa∂v Hcp
sX‰mb [mcW apkvenw-I-fn¬ Nne¿°v ImWmw. Cu
[mcW \_n-N-cy°v FXn-cm-Wv.'' (ap-kvenw-I-fnse A\m-
Nm-c-ßƒ, t].95, sI.-F≥.Fw)
(72)
Xb-Ωp-an\p c≠Sn thWw
ÿm]I t\Xm-°ƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p: ""Cu c≠v XS-h¬
(ap-Jw, ssI) c≠Sn sIm≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠Xpw c≠m-a-tØ-
Xn¬ tamXncw Ducn-sh-t°-≠-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.'' (A-a-en-øm-Øv,
]pdw 15)
c≠Sn th≠
B[p-\nI aue-hn-am¿ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p: ""XbΩpw sNøm≥
apJ-Øn\p Hc-Snbpw Ccp-ssI-Iƒ°pw as‰mcp ASnbpw
Aßs\ c≠v ASn \n¿_-‘-ambpw Bh-iy-am-sW∂ Hcp

sX‰mb [mcW apkvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ ImWmw. bYm¿∞-
Øn¬ c≠Sn \n¿h-ln-°¬ kp∂-Øv t]m-ep-an-√.'' (ap-kvenw-
I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ, t]Pv 93)
(73)
hpfq-C-√msX apkvl^v sXmS¬ ldmw
A∆ep ^n¬ Aa-en-øm-Øn¬ ÿm]I t\Xm-°-fmb
aue-hn-am¿ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p: ""hpfq-Av D≠m-°msX \a-kvIm-
cw, Xzhm-^v, apkvl-^ns\ sXmS¬, Npa-°¬ Ch-sN-øm≥
]mSn-√. ldm-am-Wv. (A-a-en-øm-Øv, t]Pv 3, 1938)
hpfq-C-√msX sXmS¬ ldm-an√

Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""hpfq-Av C√msX apkvl^v
hln-°¬, AXns‚ IS-emkv kv]¿in-°¬, AXv ]mcm-
bWw sNø¬ ldmapw Idm-lØv amsW-s∂√mw Nne
apkvenw-Iƒ sX‰n-≤-cn-®Xp ImWmw. apl-ΩZv \_n(-k)
\sΩ ]Tn-∏n® Ckvem-an¬ C{]-Imcw Hcp ldm-ans\ Is≠-
Øp-hm≥ km[y-a-√. AXp-t]mse Hcp Idm-l-Øn-s\bpw.''
(ap-kvenw-I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ, t]Pv 106)

(74)
hnk¿P\ ÿeØv Xe-adbv°¬ kp∂Øv
BZy-Ime t\Xm-°ƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p: ""aeq{X hnk¿P\w
sNøp-∂-h¿°v Xmsg ]d-bp∂ acym-Z-Iƒ kp∂-Øm-Wv.
]mZ-c£ CSp-I, Xe ad-°pI.'' (A-∆-ep-^n¬ Aa-en-øm-
Øv, t]Pv 11, 1938)
Xe-a-d-°¬ hnUvVnØw
kemw kp√an bp‡n D]-tbm-Kn®v Cu kp∂-Øn-s\bpw
FXn¿Øp- s Im≠v Fgp- X p∂p: ""ae- a q{X hnk¿P\
ÿeØp {]th- i n- ° p- t ºmƒ Nne¿ Xe- a - d - ° p- h m≥
{]tXyIw XmXv]cyw ImWn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. ... XpWn
s]m°n-∏n-Sn®v \·X apgp-h≥ ImWn®v Ccn-°p∂ a\p-jy≥
Xe-a-d-°p-∂Xv e÷-Im-cWw XpWn-s]m-°n-∏n-Sn®v apJw
ad®v \S∂ kv{XobpsS hnUvVn-Ø-hp-ambn Bsc-¶nepw
Xpe-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬ Ahs\ hna¿in-°p-hm≥ \ap°v
km[n-°ptam?'' (ap-kvenw-I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ, sIF≥-
Fw, t]Pv 46)

(75)
kv{XoIƒ°v CJm-aØv aXn
kv{XoIƒ°v _m¶v kp∂-Øn-√. CJmØv am{X-ta-bp≈q
F∂v BZy- I me aue- h n- a m¿ ]Tn- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ p: ""A©v
hJvXnse \nkvIm-c-ßƒ°v _m¶pw CJm-aXpw kp∂-Øm-
Wv. kv{XoIƒ°v CJmØv aXn.'' (A-∆ep ^n¬ Aa-en-øm-
Øv, t]Pv 31, 1938, Bdmw ]Xn-∏v)
CXv A‘-hn-izmkw
kemw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""kv{XoIƒ \a-kvI-cn-°p-
tºmƒ _m¶v hnfn-°m≥ ]mSn-√. Ah¿ CJm-aXv am{Xw
sImSp-°p-∂-XmWv \_n-Ncy Fs∂mcp A‘-hn-izm-kw.
Nne-cn¬ ImWmw.'' (ap-kvenw-I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ, sI.-
F≥.-Fw, t]Pv 127)

(76)
PwAv Jkvdn\v Zqc-]-cn-[n-bp≠v
\nkvImcw PwDw Jkvdpw B°-W-sa-¶n¬ Npcp-ßn-bXv
c≠v a¿l-e-sb-¶nepw bm{Xm-Zqcw thWw. BZy-Ime aue-
hn-am¿ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. ""\n›nX ÿe-tØ-°p-≈Xpw sX‰-
√m-Ø-Xp-amb Zo¿L-bm-{X-bn¬ AZm-Bbn hot´-≠p∂
\mev dIv-A-Øp≈ ^¿fv \nkvIm-csØ Ikvdm-°¬ (c≠v
dIv-AXv \a-kvI-cn-°¬) PmC-km-Ip-∂p. Zo¿L-bm-{X-bpsS
Zqcw c≠v a¿l-e-bm-Ip-∂p.'' (A-a-en-øm-Øv, t]Pv 40, 1938)
Zqc-]-cn-[n-bn√
Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""PwDw Jkvdp-ambn \a-kvI-cn-
°p-hm≥ Zqc-]c - n-[n-bp-s≠∂v Nne¿ sX‰n-≤c
- n-®Xp ImWmw.''
(ap-kvenw-I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ, t]Pv 215)

(77)
\_n(-k)-bpsS ImeØv Ckvemw
tIc-f-Øn-se-Øn-bn-ń√
A_v Z p- emw kp√an Fgp- X p∂p: ""\_n(- k )- b psS
ImeØv Ckvemw tIc-fØ - n-se-Øn-sb-∂X- n\v hnizm-kt- bm-
Ky-amb sXfn-hn-√. amenIv_v\p Zo\m¿ kzlm-_n-bm-sW∂v
Ncn{Xw ÿnco-I-cn-°p-∂n-√.'' (A-lvep- p∂ h¬ Pam-A,
kwi-bhpw adp]-Sn-bpw, t]Pv 11)
tIc-f-Øn¬ Ckvemw \_n(-k)-bpsS ImeØv

i_m_v hmcnI Fgp-Xp∂p: ""apl-ΩZv \_n(-k) {]t_m-
[-\-am-cw-`n® BZy-Im-e-Øp-Xs∂ Ckvem-ans‚ ktµiw
tIc-f-Øn-se-Øn-bn-´p-s≠∂ hkvXpX ]e {]am-W-ßfpw
km[q-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.'' (i-_m_v 2009 \hw-_¿ 6, t]Pv 28)
sI.-F≥.Fw ]pd-Øn-d-°nb C…mln {]ÿm\w F∂
]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""tIc-f-Øn¬ \_n(-k)-bpsS
ImeØv Xs∂ Ckvemw aXw FØn-bn-´p≠v F∂p-thWw
Icp-Xm≥.'' (t]Pv 67)
apPm-lnZv Ggmw kwÿm\ ktΩ-f\ kph-\o¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øp∂p: ""dkq-ens‚ ImeØv Xs∂ Ckvemw tIc-f-Øn¬
FØn-bn-cp-∂p. I®-h-S-°m-cmb Ad-_n-I-fpsS kz`m-h-a-ln-
abpw hniz-kvX-Xbpw \m´p-Imsc \∂mbn kzm[o-\n-®p. AXv
tIc-f-Øn¬ Ckvemw {]N-cn-°m≥ Imc-W-am-bn.'' (ap-Pm-lnZv
7 mw ktΩ-f\ kph-\o¿, Nß-cw-Ip-fw, t]Pv 149)

(78)
Xe-∏mhv ]utcm-lnXy e£Ww
Xe-∏m-hns\ Ipdn®v aue-hn-am¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""{]tXyI
coXn-bn-ep≈ Xe-∏mhpw \o≠ tfmlbpw ]utcm-ln-Xy-
Øns‚ e£-W-ambn kaq-l-Øn¬ IS-∂p-Iq-Sn. lnPvd
Bdmw \q‰m-≠nepw AXn-\p-aptºm tijw F´mw \q‰m-≠p-
h-sctbm Hcp Ckvem-anI ]WvUn-X\pw Xe-∏mhv Xs‚
kwkvIm-c-th-j-ambn I≠n-cp-∂n-√.'' (A¬ Ckvemlv
amknI, 2000 Pqsse, t]Pv 10)
Xe-∏mhv \_n-Ncy
Xe-∏mhv [cn-°¬ \_n-N-cy-bn¬ s]´-Xm-Wv. aZvdkm
]mT-]p-kvX-I-Øn¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. apKo-d-Xp_v\p ipA-v_(-
d)- b n¬\n∂v \nth- Z \w: \_n(- k ) hpfq- A v sNbv X p.
Aßs\ At±lw aq¿[m-hn-t∑epw Xe-∏m-hn-t∑epw ]mZ-
c-£-I-fn-t∑epw XS-hn.'' (A©mw Xcw Ckvem-anI I¿a-
]m-T-ßƒ, t]Pv 10, A¬a-\m¿ 2010 G{]n¬, t]Pv 14)
Cam-ap-I-fpsS Ncy
Camwamen-Iv(d - )s‚ thjsØ i_m_v ]cn-Nb - s - ∏-Sp-Øp-
∂p: ""]pXp-hkv{Xw [cn-°pw. Xe-∏mhv AWn-bpw.- hn\-b-
tØmSpw `‡n-tbmSpw Kmwò-cy-tØmSpw IqSn-bmhpw B
(Camw amenIv(-d)-s‚) ¢mkp-Iƒ.'' (i-_m_v 2009 \hw-. 20, t]. 27)

(79)
Xe-a-d-°¬ Ad-_n-I-fpsS k{º-Zmbw
A_vZp- emw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""CXv Ad-_n-I-fpsS
Hcp k{º-Zm-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. apivcn-°p-Ifpw Xe-∏mhv [cn-®n-
cp-∂Xv ImWmw.'' (A¬ Ckvemlv 1997 Pq¨, t]Pv 25)
Cu hmZw k¿h-\m-i-Øn\p ImcWw

sI.-Fw. auehn F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ sI.-sI. Icow
Fgp-Xp∂p: ""B[p-\nI Ckvemln {]h¿Ø-I-∑m-cp-sSbpw
]WvUn-X-∑m-cn¬s]´ Nne-cp-sSbpw thj-hn-[m-\-ßƒ
Ckvem-anI kwkvIm-c-hp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-∂Xv
ZpxJ-kXyw am{X-am-Wv. XmSn-\o-épw Xe-a-d-°epw ]gb
Ad_n kwkvIm-c-am-sW∂pw AXv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS
h¿K-]m-cº
- c- ym-Nm-ca
- m-sW∂pw Nne AXym-[p-\n-I∑
- m¿ hmZn-
°p-∂p. CØcw ]ptcm-K-\-]-c-amb AXn¿h-cºv ewLn-°p-
∂-Xmb A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw AXn-\-\p-tbm-Py-amb I¿Ω-ß-
fp-amWv k¿∆-\m-i-ßƒ°pw Imc-Ww. AXn-\m¬ Ckvem-
ans‚ A[ym-]-\-ß-fn¬ H∂p-t]mepw Ah-K-Wn-°m-Xn-cn-
°m≥ Ckvemln {]h¿Ø-I-∑mcpw bph-]-WvUn-X-∑mcpw
{i≤n-°-Ww.'' (t]Pv 243)

(80)
\_n(k) sNbvXm¬ am{Xw kp∂-Øm-hn√
Xe-a-d-°p-∂-Xns\ kw_-‘n®v kemw kp√an Fgp-
Xp∂p: ""\_n(k) sNbvXp F∂Xv sIm≠v am{Xw ]pWy-
I¿Ωw F∂-Xns‚ hnh-£-bn¬ hcp∂ kp∂-Øm-sW∂v
\ap°v JWv U n- X - a mbn ]d- b m≥ km[y- a - √ .'' (A¬
Ckvemlv 1997 Pq¨ t]Pv 25)
\_n(-k) sNbvXm¬ Xs∂ kp∂Øv

Xe-a-d-°¬ kp∂-Øm-sW∂ hmZ-Øn¬ Dd-®p-\n-∂p-
sIm≠v Da¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Ct∏mƒ Hcp ]pXnb
hmZw tIƒ°p-∂p. \_n sNbvXm¬ t]mc. AX-\p-k-cn®v
]d-bp-Ibpw thWw F∂mte kp∂-sØ∂v ]d-bp-I-bp≈q
F∂m-Wv. ChnsS Hcp hnjbw N¿® sNtø-≠X - p-≠v. kp∂-
Øns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn¬ F√m-hcpw ]d-bp∂p: \_n(-
k)bpsS hm°v, \_n(-k)-bpsS {]hr-Øn, AwKo-Imcw
Cßs\ aq∂p≠v F∂v. At∏mƒ \_n-sbmcp kwKXn ]d-
™m¬ AXv kp∂-Øm-Wv. Hcp-Imcyw sNbvXm¬ AXpw
kp∂-Øm-Wv. Hcp-Imcyw AwKo-Ic - n-®m¬ AXpw kp∂-Øm-
Wv . Cßs\ F√m- h cpw hnkv X - c n®p ]d- ™ n- ´ p- ≠ v .
sNbvXm¬ t]mc ]d-bp-Ibpw IqSn thWw F∂m-sW-¶n¬
AsXmcp {]tXyI C\-ambn ]d-™-sX-¥n\v?.... Rm\o
hnj-b-Øn¬ Dd-®p-\n¬°p-∂p. Xe-a-d-°¬ \_n-bpsS
kp∂-Øm-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂p. Fs‚ hm¿[-Iy-Øn\v apºpw
Rm≥ Cßs\ Xs∂. \nßƒ bphm-°-sf√mw IqSn Imcyw
Ipg-∏-Øn-em-°-cp-Xv.'' (k¬k-_o¬ 1999 sabv t]. 35)
Xe-a-d°¬ kp∂Øv: A¬a-\m¿
Xe ad-°¬ kp∂-Øm-sW∂v A¬a-\mdpw ]Tn-∏n-®n-´p-
≠v. ""apkvenw-Iƒ°p Xe-a-d-°¬ sXm∏n sImt≠m Xe-
∏mhv sImt≠m F¥m-bn-cp-∂mepw th≠n-√. kp∂-Øm-Wv.''
(A¬a-\m¿ 1950 t]Pv 4, k]vX. 20)
(81)
\of≥ Ip∏mbw ss{IkvXh thjw
\of-Ip-∏mbw [cn-°p∂ ]WvUn-Xsc ]ptcm-ln-X∑ - m-cmbn
Nn{Xo-I-cn®p sIm≠v i_m_v Fgp-Xp∂p:
""tIcf apkvenw-I-fnse ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ Bƒcq-]-
ambn Im¥-]pcw apkven-bm¿ ]e hnizm-k-ßfpw kwkvIm-
c-ßfpw ss{IkvXh BNm-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂v IS-sa-Sp-Øn-´p-
≠v. _mly-ambn t\m°n-bm¬ At±-lØ - ns‚ thjw Xs∂
Hcp ]mXncnbptS-Xm-Wv. XpWnbpw j¿´p-an-Sp∂ ae-bmfn
thj-Øn\p ]Icw Im¥-]pcw apkven-bm¿ F∂ ]ptcm-
ln-X≥ tfmlsbt]m-ep≈ I≠m¬ \a-kvIm-c-Ip-∏m-b-am-
sW∂v tXm∂n-∏n-°p∂ \of≥ Ip∏m-ba - W
- n-™mWv km[m-
cW \S-∂p-Im-Wp-∂Xv.'' (i-_m_v 2009 P\p-hcn 9, t]. 17)
auehnam¿ \of-Ip-∏mbw [cn®ncp∂p
\of≥ Ip∏mbw {InkvXob ]ptcm-lnX thj-am-sW∂v
B[p-\nI aue-hn-am¿ a\- n-em-°n-sb-¶n¬ AXn-sem-∂m-
a≥ sI.Fw aue-hnbpw h°w aue-hn-bp-am-Wv. Ah-cpsS
thjsØ ]‰n sI.-sI. Icow Fgp-Xp∂p: ""\nßƒ sI.-
Fw. auehn kmln-_ns‚bpw a‰pw thjsØ Ipdn®p
Nn¥n®p t\m°p-I. IW-¶m-ens‚ ta¬ `mKw hsc XmWp
InS-°p∂ DSp-h-kv{X-am-W-t±lw [cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Ad_n
thj-Øn-ep≈ \of≥ Ip∏m-bhpw sXm∏nbpw Xe-∏mhpw
km[m-cW [cn-®n-cp-∂p. ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ Hcp tIm´pw
tXmfn¬ Hcp-X-´hpw ssIbn¬ Hcp Du∂p-h-Snbpw ]gb

IpS-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. h°w aue-hnbpw Fw.-kn.-kn.bpw
hSn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂n-s√∂p am{Xw. sI.-Fw. aue-hn°v
kam-\-amb Ckvem-anI thj-Øn¬ Xs∂ Ah¿ Pohn-
°p-Ibpw acn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.'' (sI.-Fw. auehn kmln-
_v, t]Pv 242)
\of≥ Ip∏mbw [cn®v sh´w A_vZp√ lmPn

apPm-lnZv {]ÿm-\-Ønse henb {]`m-j-I\pw t\Xm-
hp-am-bn-cp∂ sh´w A_vZp√ lmPn (Iq-´mbn lmPn)sb
i_m_v ]cn-Nb - s
- ∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ""\of≥ Ip∏m-ba
- n´ Hcp Xte-
s°-´p-Im-c≥.'' (i-_m_v 2009 HIvtSm-_¿ 9, t]. 32)

(82)
kzlm-_n-Iƒ sXfn-hmWv
B‰n-ß¬ ktΩ-f\ kph-\o-dn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""kzlm-
_Øv sXfn-hmtWm F∂p tNmZn-°p∂ Nne Bfp-Iƒ
D≠v. sXfn-hm-Wv. Hcp kwi-bhpw C√msX ]d-bp-∂p....
kzlm-_-Xns‚ am¿Kw ]n≥]-t‰-≠-Xpt≠m F∂p kwi-
bn-°p-∂-h-tcmSv \ap°p Hcp hmN-Ita ]d-bm-\p-≈q. kz¿K-
Øns‚ hmk\ In´-W-sa∂v B¿s°-¶nepw B{K-l-ap-s≠-
¶n¬ Pam-A-Øns\ (kz-lm-_-Øn-s\) ]n≥]-‰pI F∂m
Wv.'' (B-‰n-ß¬ apPm-lnZv ktΩ-f\ kph-\o¿, t]Pv 125)
kzlm-_n-Iƒ sXfn-h√
kzlm-_n-Iƒ temI-sØ-hn-sSbpw Ad-t_-Xc `mj-bn¬
JpXp_ HmXn-bn-ń-s√∂ kp∂n-If - psS ]cm-a¿i-tØmSv Hcp
auehn {]Xn-I-cn-®-Xn-ß-s\-bm-Wv:
""{]kvXpX Ncn-{X-k-Xy-ßƒ apºn¬sh®v Nn¥n-°p∂
B¿°pw kzlm-_n-Iƒ Ad_n Adn-bm-Ø-h-tcmSv Ad-_n-
bn¬ JpXp_m D]-tZiw sNbvXn-cp∂p F∂v kΩ-Xn-°m≥
\n¿hm-lan√. C\n Aßs\ sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bp∂
]£w hkvXp-\n-jvT-amb Hcp dnt∏m¿´v sXfn-bn-t°-≠-Xm-
Wv. C\n sXfn-™m¬ Xs∂ tIc-f-Ønse apkven-bm-°ƒ
sNøp-∂Xv Zo\n¬ sXfn-h-√m-Ø-Xp-t]mse AXpw sXfn-
hm-I-bn-√.'' (Pp-apA JpXp-_, t]Pv 84, Fw.Sn A_vZp-d-
lvam≥ aue-hn)

kzlm-_n-Iƒ JpXp_ \n¿h-ln-®Xv Ad-_n-bn¬
kzlm-_n-Iƒ JpXp_ \n¿h-ln-®n-cp-∂Xv Ad-_n-bn¬
am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v sI.-Fw. auehn hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.
AXv ImWpI. ""kzlm-_n-Iƒ, Xm_n-D-Iƒ, Xm_n-D-Øm-
_n-DI
- ƒ, F∂o kZvhr-Øc - mb ap≥Kman-Iƒ A\-d_n \mSp-
I-fn¬ aX-]-c-amb {]kw-ßƒ (JpXp_) \n¿h-ln-°p-
tºmƒ dpIv\p-Iƒ Ad-_n-bn¬ ]d™v hnh¿Ø\w sNøp-
Ibpw XpS¿∂p≈ `mK-ßƒ \m´p-Im-cpsS `mj-bn¬ ]d-
bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh∂v GsX-¶nepw Hcp {KŸ-Øn¬
\mw I≠n-ń-√. F∂-√ \_n(-k)bpw ]q¿∆n-I-cmb kZvhr-
Øcpw aX-]-c-amb {]kw-K-ßƒ dpIv\p-Ifpw XpS¿∂p≈
`mK-ßfpw apgp-h≥ Ad-_n-bn-em-bn-cp∂p sNbvXn-cp-∂Xv
F∂pw \ap-°-dn-bmw.'' (Pp-apA JpXp-_, sI.-Fw. aue-hn,
t].23)
(83)
JpXp-_°v hSn D]-tbmKn-°¬ \_n-Ncy
\_n(-k)-bp-sSbpw kzlm-_-Øn-s‚bpw Ncy-bn¬ s]´-
XmWv JpXp°v hSn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-sb-∂-Xv. \mev Jeo-^-
am¿ F∂ ]pkvXI - Ø- n¬ ]n. apl-ΩZv Ip´-t»cn Fgp-Xp∂p:
""Hcn-°¬ Dkvam≥(-d) ]≈n-bn¬ JpXp_ \¿h-ln-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ Ah¿ (I-em-]-Im-cn-Iƒ) At±-lsØ ]nSn-
®n-d-°n. ssIbn-ep≈ Du∂p-hSn ]nSn-®p-hmßn Hcp-I-em-]-
Imcn Im¬ap-ń¬ sh®v s]mń-®p. dkqepw tijw h∂
Jeo-â - mcpw {]kw-Kn-°p-tºmƒ anº-dn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂
hSn-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. B hSn sIń-bmWv ]n∂oSv Dkvam≥
(d) D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv.'' (\mev Jeo-^-am¿, bph-X, t]. 110)
JpXp-_°v hSn A\m-Nmcw

Ckvemln {]ÿm\w ]n∂n´ ]mX-Iƒ F∂ ]pkvX-I-
Øn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""]≈n-I-fn¬ \a-kvIm-cmZn I¿a-ß-tfmSv
Xp∂n-tN¿Ø _nZv-A-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv. PpapA Znhkw
JØo_v anº-dn¬ Ib-dp-∂-Xn\v apºv aB-ind hnfnbpw
hmsf-Sp-°epw CXn-s\m∂pw \_n-Nc
- y-bn¬ IrXy-amb sXfn-
hp-I-fn-√.'' (t]Pv 80)
(84)
Cw•ojv `mjm hntcm[w kakvX°mcpsS AShv
Ckvemln {]ÿm\w F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p:
""ka-kvX-°m¿ Ct∏mƒ Nne AS-hp-Iƒ {]tbm-Kn-°m-dp-
≠v. Xßƒ Cw•ojv `mj ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw km[m-
cW P\-ßsf hne-°n-bn-cp-∂Xv {_nójv `c-W-Iq-S-tØm-
Sp≈ FXn¿∏v Imc-W-am-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv Ncn-{X-a-dn-™p-
Iq-SmØ kakvX apkven-bm¿ Ipń-Iƒ Ct∏mƒ {]kw-Kn-
®p-h-cp-∂-Xv.'' (C-kvemln {]ÿm-\w, sI.-F≥.-Fw, t]. 52)
AS-h√ Ncn-{X-amWv
{_nójv hntcm-[-am-bn-cp∂p Cw•ojv `mjm hntcm-[-
Øn\p Imc-W-sa-∂Xv apkven-bm-°-fpsS Adnhv tISm-
sW∂v aue-hn-am¿ AWn-Isf ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. F∂m¬
bYm¿∞ Ncn{Xw ]pØ≥hm- Z n- I - f psS ÿm]- \ - a mb
Imk¿tImUv Benb tImf-Pns‚ kph-\o-dn¬ \n∂v
\ap°v hmbn°mw: ""1885¬ C¥y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨{Kkv
cq]w sIm≈p-∂-Xn\v apºv Xs∂ Chn-SpsØ apkvenw
]WvUn-X-∑m¿ \mSns‚ kzmX-{¥ysØ Ipdn®v Nn¥n-°p-
Ibpw {]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-h-cp-∂p. A°m-e-ØmWv
Cw•ojv `mjbpw F√m Cw•ojv \n¿anX hkvXp-°fpw
h¿Pn-°-W-sa-∂p≈ Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-Ø-Xv. AXv Cw•ojv
`mj-tbm-Sp≈ shdp∏v sIm≠√. tZiob hnIm-cØ - m¬ D≈
Bthiw sIm≠v am{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXv sX‰m-sW-∂v- B-
sc-¶nepw ]d-bptam? .... F∂m¬ Cu Blzm\w \bn-®Xv
apkvenw-Iƒ am{X-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. a‰p ]e kwL-S\
- I
- fpw C{]-

Imcw sNbvXp ae-_m¿, sX°≥ I¿Wm-SI F∂o {]tZ-
i-ß-fnse tIm¨{Kkp-Imcpw Cßs\ Hcp \n -l-I-c-W-
Øn\p Blzm\w sNbvXn-´p-≠v.'' (B-enb Ad-_n-tIm-fPv
kph-\o¿, 1978, t]Pv 72,73)
i_m_v Fgp-Xp∂p: C¥y-bn¬ Cw•o-jp-Im-cpsS {KŸ-
ßƒ hmbn-°p-I, Cw•ojv ]Tn-°p-I, ae-bmfw Xs∂ ]Tn-
°pI F∂-Xn¬ \n∂v \sΩ hnap-J-cm-°nb Hcp Ime-L-´-
ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ... Ah-tcmSv ({_n-ó-jp-Im-tcm-Sv) kzm`m-hn-
I-amb shdp∏pw hntZz-jhpw apkvenw kpZm-b-Øn-\n-S-bn¬
thcq-∂n-h-cm≥ XpS-ßn. H∂mw kzmX-{¥y-k-a-c-tØmsS
hntZzjw h¿[n-®p. Ah-cpsS hnZym-`ym-kw, `cWw F∂n-
h-tbm-Sp≈ hntZz-j-Øn-emWv ]n¬°m-eØv hnZym-`ym-k-
Øn¬ \n∂v hnap-Jc - mbn \Ωƒ amdn-\n-∂p-t]m-bX - v. AXn\p
kam-¥-c-ambn Bcy-s\-gpØv ldmw F∂ Nn¥ \ap-°p-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \Ωƒ ae-bm-f-Øn\p ]Icw Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-
ap-≠m-°n.'' (i-_m_v skan-\m¿ ]Xn∏v 1997, t]Pv 25)
tUm. Ip™n-aqk Hm¿a-I-fpsS Isøm∏v F∂ ]pkvX-
I-Øn¬ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""]e Xc-Ønepw ]cm-P-b-ßƒ am{Xw
G‰p-hm-tß-≠n-h∂ apkvenw-Iƒ XpS¿∂p Is≠-Ønb ka-
c-ap-db
- m-bn-cp∂p \n -lI - c
- W
- w. CXns‚ `mK-ambn {_nójv
hnZym-`ym-k-a-S°w F√mw _ln-jvI-cn-°m≥ Ch¿ Xøm-
sd-Sp-°p-Ib- m-bn-cp-∂p. 1921¬ sXt° ae-_m-dn¬ \S∂ Iem-
]hpw apkvenw-I-fn¬ {_nójv hncp≤ at\m-`mhw hf¿Øn-
sb-Sp-Øp. {_nó-jp-Im-cp-tS-Xmbhsb√mw _ln-jvIc - n-°pI
F∂ {]h-W-X-bn¬ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Cw•ojv hnZym-`ym-
khpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Ib - m-bn-cp-∂p.'' (Hm¿a-If
- psS Isøm-∏v, tUm.
kn.-Fw. Ip™n-aq-k, t]. 32, 33)
CXv ]®-°≈w
Ncn{Xw Cß-s\-sbm-s°-bm-sW-¶nepw kp∂n-It- fm-Sp≈
shdp-∏p-Im-cWw aue-hn-am¿ Cu Ncn-{X-ß-sfm-s°bpw
\ntj-[n-®p-I-f-bpw. CXv ]®-°-≈-sa∂v Da¿ auehn Fgp-

Xp∂p: ""{_nójv km{am-Py-Xz-tØm-Sp≈ ISpØ shdp∏pw
Aa¿j-hp-amWv hnZym-`ymk _ln-jvIc - W
- Ø
- n\v Blzm\w
sNøm≥ apkven-bm-°sf t{]cn-∏n-®-sX-∂mWv B[p-\nI
`mjyw. kzcm-Py-kvt\-l-Øns‚ aIp-tSm-Zm-l-c-Ww. ]®-°-
≈-am-Wn-Xv. (^m-Xn-l-bpsS Xoc-Øv, t]Pv 8)
(85)
A¿∞-a-dn-bmsX Jp¿-B≥ HmX¬
blqZn amXr-I
A¿∞-ad - n-bmsX HmX¬ blqZn amXr-Ibpw Jp¿-B\ - n¬
Ahn-iz-kn-®-h-\p-am-W-s{X. Da¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p:
""]pWy-Øn-\p-th≠n blq-Zn-Iƒ thZw HmXn-bn-cp-∂-Xp-
t]mse A[nI apkvenw-Ifpw a\- n¬ X´mØ hn[-Øn¬
Jp¿-B≥ HmXn aXn-bm-°p-∂p. C∂p \ne-hn-ep≈ Jp¿-B≥
]Tn∏v X\n® blqZn amXr-I-bm-Ip-∂p. \ΩpsS kakvX
]WvUn-X-∑m-cpsS \ne A]-I-S-I-c-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Jp¿-
Bs‚ A¿∞w IpńIsf ]Tn-∏n-°-cp-sX-∂-h¿ iTn-°p-∂p.
Aßs\ Cu blqZn amXrI Ac- ° n- ´ p- d - ∏ n- ° p- ∂ p....
A¿∞w a\- n-em-°msX HmXn aXn-bm-°p-∂-Xns‚ \ne
a\ n-em-°p-hm≥ DZm-l-cWw ]d-bp-∂p. tcmK-i-a-\-Øn\p
th≠n sshZy¿ Ijm-b-Øns‚ Hme Fgp-Xn-s°m-Sp-Øp.
tcmKn AXp hmbn- ® p- s Im- ≠ n- c p- ∂ p. F∂m¬ tcmKw
amdptam?.... Xotc HmXm-Xn-cn-°epw a\- n-em-ImØ hn[-
Øn¬ HmXepw a\- n-em-b-X-\p-k-cn®v sNøm-Xn-cn-°epw
CXp aq∂pw ChnsS ]d™ Ahn-izm-k-am-Ip-∂p. a\- n¬
X´mØ hn[-Øn-ep≈ HmX-ep-ambn Np‰n-Øn-cn-bp∂ blqZn
amXrI C∂n-t∏mƒ kaq-l-Øn¬ hf-sc-b-[nIw ]S¿∂p-
]n-Sn® Hc-h-ÿ-bn¬ FØn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.'' (^m-Xn-l-bpsS
Xoc-Øv, Da¿ aue-hn, t]Pv 98)

A¿∞w Adn-bn-s√-¶nepw HmØn\p
{]Xn-^-e-ap≠v
Aam\n auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: A¿∞w {Kln-°p-hm≥
km[n-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-
∂-Xn\v A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ {]Xn-êw In´p-sa∂pw A¿∞w
Adn- b m- Ø - h ¿ Jp¿- B ≥ ]mcm- b Ww sNøp- ∂ - X n¬
bmsXmcp \∑-bp-an-s√∂v Nne¿ ]d-bm-dp-≈Xv icn-bs
- √∂pw
Cu lZokv sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. (A-am\n ]cn-`m-j, t]. 29,30)
A¿∞w Adn-bmsX BbØv HmX¬ blqZn amXr-Ibpw
Ahn-izm-k-hp-am-sW∂ hmZ-a-\p-k-cn®v Da¿ auehn Xs∂-
bmWv CXn-sem-∂m-a≥. ImcWw At±-l-Øns‚ Jp¿-B≥
]cn-`m-j-bn¬ 29 Hmfw Bb-Xp-Iƒ°v At±-l-Øn\p
A¿∞w Adn-bm-ØXv sIm≠v A¿∞w Fgp-Xn-bn-ń-√. DZm-
l-c-W-Øn\v kqd-Xp¬ _I-d-bpsS H∂mw kq‡w. Da¿
aue-hn-bpsS hmZw A\p-k-cn®v Jp¿-B-\nse CØcw
kq‡ßƒ HmXmtam? bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Cu ]pXnb hmZ-
amWv blq-Zn-kw. ImcWw Jp¿-B-\nse 29 BbØv Bcpw
HmX-cp-sX∂pw `qcn-]£w hcp∂ apkvenw-Iƒ Jp¿-B≥
A¿∞w Adn-bm-Ø-h-cm-b-Xn-\m¬ Jp¿-B≥ HmXm-Xn-cn-°-
W-sa-∂p-amWo hmZ-Øns‚ A\-¥c - ^
- e
- w. Aßs\ hnizm-
kn-Isf Jp¿-B-\ns\ sXm´v AI‰n \n¿ØpI AXn-\m-
ep≈ t\´-ßƒ \jvS-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂ PqXm-kn-b-amWv
Da¿ auehn {]N-cn-∏n-®-Xv.

(86)
XIv_o-dp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ ZnIvdv kp∂Øv
s]cp-∂mƒ \nkvIm-c-Øns‚ kp∂-Øp-I-fmWv XIv_o-
dp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ ZnIvdv sNm√¬. Aa-en-øm-Øn¬ aue-hn-
am¿ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.
""Hmtcm XIv_o¿ sNm√p-tºmgpw ssI Db¿Øp-∂Xpw
F√m Cu c≠v XIv_o-dn-s‚bpw CS°v kp_vlm-\-√mln
h¬lw- Z p- e n- √ mln hem Ceml C√- √ mlp A√mlp
AIv_¿ F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xpw {]tXyI kp∂-Øp-If - m-Ip-∂p.''
(A-a-en-øm-Øv, t]Pv 35)
au\w ]men-°pI
kemwkp-√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Ch-bpsS CS-bn¬ A¬∏w
au\w ]men- ° p- I - s b- ∂ - X mWv \_n- N - c y. {]tXy- I n®v
bmsXm∂pw Xs∂ sNm√-cp-Xv.'' (C-kvem-an¬ ÿnc-s∏´
kp∂Øv \nkvIm-cw, t]Pv 43)
(87)
Cim-C\v apºv kp∂-Øn√
kemw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Cim \nkvIm-c-Øn\p apºv
kp∂-Øn-√. F√m _m¶n-s‚bpw CJm-a-Xn-s‚bp CS°v
\a- k v I m- c - a p- s ≠∂v ]d- b p∂ lZokv Zp¿hym- J ym\w
sNbvXp Nne¿ Cim \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ apºpw c≠v dIv-
AXp kp∂Øp ÿm]n-°p-hm≥ {ian®v ImWp-∂p-≠v.''

Cim-C\v apºv kp∂-Øp≠v
A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Cim-Av \nkvIm-c-Øn\v apºpw
kp∂Øv \nkvI-cn°mw.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2008 k]vXw-_¿, t]. 50)
(88)
Ak-dn\v apºv kp∂-Øn√
Ak-dn\v apºv kp∂Øv \nkvIm-cans√∂v kp√-an- F-
gp-Xp∂p: ""Akz-dn\v apºv \mev dIv-AXv \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-
Xn¬ bmsXmcp lZokpw \_n(-k)-bpsS {]hr-Øn-bn¬
kzlo-lm-bn-ń-√... Npcp-°-Øn¬ Ak-dns‚ aptºm Ak-
dn\v tijtam kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-ßƒ H∂pw Xs∂-bn-
√.'' (C-kvem-an¬ ÿnc-s∏´ kp∂Øv \nkvIm-c-ßƒ, t]. 52)
Ak-dn\v apºv kp∂-Øp≠v
A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Ak¿, aKvcn_v Cim-Av F∂nh
Dƒs∏sS F√m \n¿_‘ \nkv I m- c - ß ƒ°v apºpw
kp∂Øv \a-kvIc - n-°mw. ... F√m c≠v _m¶n-s‚bpw CS°v
\a-kvIm-c-ap-≠v.'' (l-Zo-kv) (A¬a-\m¿ 2008 k]vXw-_¿,
t]Pv. 50)

(89)
\_n(-k) P\n® Znh-k-Øn\v {]m[m-\y-an√
A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Xncp-ta\n P\n® Znh-k-Øn\p
Fs¥-¶nepw {]m[m\yw Ckvemw I¬∏n-®-Xmbn Hcp tcJ-
bp-an-√.'' (s^{_p-hcn 2011)
A¬a\m¿ FgpXp∂p: ""\_n(kz)bpsS kp∂ØpIƒ
t{ImUoIcn® e£°W°n\v lZokpIfnepw
\_n(kz)bpsS P∑Zn\sØ°pdn®v Hcp hcn t]mepan√
F∂v hy‡ambn.'' (A¬ a\m¿ 2006 G{]n¬ t]. 14)
A¬a\m¿ FgpXp∂p: ""lZokv {KŸßfn¬ ]e
{]hmNI∑mcpsSbpw Ncn{Xap≠v. F∂m¬ A°q´Øn¬
HcmfpsS t]mepw P∑Zn\sØ°pdn®v bmsXmcp
kqN\bpan√ F∂Xpw {it≤bamWv.'' (A¬a\m¿ 2006
G{]n¬)
\_n(-k) P\n® Znh-k-Øn\v {]tXy-I-X-bp≠v

kpssl¿ auehn Np¶-Ød Fgp-Xp∂p: ""\_n(-k)
P\n® Znh-k-Øn\v {]tXy-I-X-bnt√? D≠v. F¥m-WXv?
kp∂Øv t\mºv. kp∂Øv t\mºn-s\-°p-dn®v tNmZn-°-s∏-
´-t∏mƒ dkq¬(-k) Acpfn: Rm≥ P\n® Znh-k-am-W-Xv.
Rm≥ \_n-bm-°-s∏´ AYhm F\n°v Jp¿-B≥ Cd-°-
s∏´ Znh- k - a m- W - X v . '' (t\mºpw \nb- a - h pw, t]Pv . 43)
kpssl¿ auehn ho≠pw Fgp-Xp∂p: ""F¥mWv Xn¶-
fmgv N bpsS {]tXy- I - X . A∂p kp∂Øv t\mºm- W v .
F¥n\v ? \µn Im´m≥. A√m- l p- t hmSv \µn Im´m≥.
ImcWw? A∂mWv \ΩpsS \_n(-k) P\n-®-Xv. B \µn.
AsX.- tem-I-\m-K-cnI kaqlw \µn ]d-tb≠ hnj-bw.''
(B-cm-[-\-bpsS Bfl-ssN-X-\yw, t]. 91)
(90)
\_n(-k)-bpsS amXr-I-bn-√m-ØXmWv _nZv-AØv
_nZv-A-Øn\v aue-hn-am¿ \¬Inb \n¿h-N\w ImWpI.
""dkq¬(k) sNbvXtXm sNøm≥ I¬∏n-®tXm Bb
Imcyas√¶n¬ GXp Imcyhpw _nZv-A-Øm-Wv. AXv X≈n-
°-f-tb≠-Xp-am-Wv.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2011 s^{_p-h-cn, t].4)
bmsXmcp sXfn-hn-s‚bpw ]n≥_-e-an-√m-ØXmWv

_nZv-A-Øv
A¬a-\m¿ Fgp-Xp-∂p. ""bYm¿∞ _nZv-A-Øv. hnip≤
Jp¿- B - \ ntem Xncp- k p- ∂ - Ø ntem DΩ- Ø ns‚ CPv a m-
Ctem De-am-°-fpsS ASp-°¬ Hcp \ne°pw ]cn-K-Wn-
°- s ∏- S m- h p∂ bmsXmcp sXfn- h n- s ‚bpw ]n≥_- e - a n-
√mØtXm Bb hnj-b-ß-fmWv CXp-sIm≠v A¿∞-am-
°p-∂-Xv.'' (A¬a\m¿ 2010 G{]n¬, t]. 11)
_nZv-A-Øn\p \¬Inb as‰mcp \n¿h-N\w Cß-s\-
bmWv. ""{]hm-N-I-s‚tbm kzlm-_-Øn-s‚tbm amXr-I-bn-
√msX ]pWy-ap-s≠∂p ]d™p sNøn-°p-Itbm Aßs\
IcpXn sNøp-∂tXm Bb Imcy-ßƒ°v _nZv-AØv F∂p
]d-bp-∂p.'' (A¬a-\m¿ 2010 Pq¨, t]. 29)

(91)
hn[n-]-d-bm≥ Jp¿-B≥, kp∂Øv
t\cn´v t\m°pI
Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""aX-]-c-amb Imcy-ßƒ Ckvem-
ans‚ aqe-{]-am-W-ß-fmb hnip≤ Jp¿-B\ - n¬ \n∂pw Xncp-
kp-∂-Øn¬ \n∂pw t\cn´v a\- n-em-°p-I. ... aX-]-c-amb
GXv hnj-b-ßƒ°pw sXfnhv t\mt°-≠Xpw \ap-°n-S-bn-
ep≈ X¿°-{]-iv\-ßƒ°v Xo¿∏p I¬∏n-t°-≠Xpw ta¬
c≠v {]am-W-ß-fn-te°v aSßns°m≠mbn-cn-°-Ww. CXv
Ckvem-ans‚ JWvUn-X-amb Xocp-am-\-am-Wv.'' (B-cmWv
]pØ≥hm-Zn-Iƒ 54, 55)
{]am-W-an-√msX hn[n ]d-bp∂p
aZvl_v kzoI-cn-°msX Jp¿-B≥ kp∂Øv t\cn´v ]cn-
tim-[n®v sXfn-™m te kzoI-cn-°mhq F∂v hmZn-®-h¿
Xs∂ Cam-ap-I-fpsS {KŸw ASn-ÿm-\-s∏-SpØn hn[n ]d-
bp-∂p. kp∂Øv \nkvImcw XpS-ßnb DSs\ CJmXv sImSp-
Øm¬ F¥p- s N- ø Ww F∂ tNmZy- Ø n\p F.]n
A_vZp¬Jm-Z¿ auehn sImSp Ø adp-]Sn ImWpI: ""Pam-
AØv \a-kvImcw Xocp-∂-Xn-\n-S°v kp∂Øv \a-kvImcw
Ign™v Pam-A-Øn¬ ]¶p-tN-c¬ Ign-bp-sa-¶n¬ t]mepw
kp∂Øv \nkvImcw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-I-bmWv th≠-sX∂v
]WvUn-X-∑m¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. id-lp¬ apl-±-_nse
D≤-cWn ImWp-I.'' (tNmZyw adp-]-Sn-, t]Pv 80)
tijw \h-hn(-d)-bpsS D≤-cWn -tN¿Øv A¿∞w Fgp-
Xp∂p. Jp¿-Bt\m lZotkm ]d-bp-∂n-√. Cßs\ ^Xvh

sImSp-°¬ \njn-≤-am-sW∂v aue-hn-am¿ Xs∂ apºv Fgp-
Xn-bn-´p-≠v. ""]WvUn-X-∑m¿ aZvl-_ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬
Xs∂ aX-hn[n \¬In-bm¬ Ckvemw \njn-≤-am-°nb
XJveo-Zn¬ ChnsS km[m-c-W-°m-c\pw ]WvUn-X\pw hogp-
∂p.'' (a-Zvl-_p-I-fpsS km[p-X lZo-kns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬,
t]Pv 151)
(92)
`mcysb sXm´m¬ hpfq-Av apdn-bn√
`mcysb sXm´m¬ hpfq-Av apdn-bn-s√∂pw AXv ]nim-
Nns‚ Bkq-{Xn-X-amb {ia-am-sW∂pw Da¿ auehn Fgp-
Xp∂p: "`mcysb sXm´m¬ hpfq apdn-bp-sa∂ hnizmkw aqew
Df-hm-Ip∂ Hc-]-I-SsØ ]‰n am{Xw X¬°mew ChnsS
DW¿Ømw.... ]nim-Nns‚ Bkq-{Xn-X-amb Hcp ]Wn-bm-Wn-
Xv.'' (k¬k-_o¬ 1993 k]vXw-_¿ 84)
`mcysb sXm´m¬ hpfq-Av apdnbpw
A¬a-\m¿ ap≥ ]{Xm-[n-]cpw Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\p-amb ]n.
aqk-au-ehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""h√-h\pw Xs‚ kv{Xosb sXmSp-
Ibpw apØp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Ah\p hpZp sNø¬ \n¿_-
‘-am-sW∂v C_v\p Da¿ {]kvXm-hn-®-Xmbn Camw im^n-
Cu, amen-Iv- F-∂n-h¿ cnhm-bXv sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. Da-dp-
_v\p¬ JØm_pw C{]-Imcw {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v.'' ({]hm-
NI Ncy-Iƒ, t]Pv 30)
(93)
Aß-s\bpw Cß-s\bpw Bhmw F∂n√
Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""Hcp-Imcyw {it≤-b-am-Wv. aX-
]-c-amb Imcy-Øn¬ Aß-s\bpw Bhmw Cß-s\bpw
Bhmw F∂ Ag-sIm-g-º≥ \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-°p-Itbm
AØcw \ne-]m-Sp-Im-tcmSv ka-\zbw ssIs°m-≈p-Itbm

sNøm≥ ke^n {]ÿm\w Hcp-Im-eØpw Xøm-dm-bn-ń-√.''
(C-kvemln {]ÿm-\w, t].154)
Aß-s\bpw Cß-s\-bp-amhmw
kp_vln \nkvIm-c-Øn¬ Jp\qXv HmXp∂ Cam-ans\
XpS¿∂p \nkvIc - n-°mtam F∂-Xn\p Da¿ aue-hn-bpsS adp-
]Sn ImWpI: ""apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ Ah-tcmSv tbmPn-°p-∂-hsc
kwL-Sn-∏n®v {]tXyIw Pam-AØv \S-Øp-I-bmWv th≠-
Xv. AXn\v Xc-s∏-Sm-™m¬ tNmZy-Øn¬ ]d-™-Xp-t]m-
ep≈ Cam-ans\ XpS¿∂p \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p hntcm-[-an-
√. At±lw X\n in¿°m-sW∂v Dd-∏p-s≠-¶n¬ XpS-cm≥
]‰p-I-bp-an-√. Camw Jp\qXv HmXp∂ ka-bØp Jp\q-Xn¬
]s¶-Sp-°msX shdpsX \n¬°p-∂-XmWv \√-sX∂v a\-
n-em-Ip-∂p. B ka-bØv Xkv_olv \oń-s®m-√p-Itbm
kz¥w \ne°v A√mlphnt\mZv {]m¿∞n-°p-Itbm sNømw.
F∂m¬ B Jp\q-Xn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂X - n\pw hntcm-[a
- n-s√∂v
tXm∂p-∂p. Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw a\- n\p kam-[m\w tXm∂p-
∂-Xp-t]mse sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.'' (k¬k-_o¬, 1971 \hw-
_¿. t]. 36)
(94)
lP-dp¬ AkvhZv kz¿K-Ønse I√v
lP-dp¬ Akvh-Zns‚ alXzw A_vZp¬ lJv kp√an
Fgp-Xp∂p: ""lP-dp¬ AkvhZv kz¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v sIm≠p-
h-∂X- m-Wv. (kz-lo-lp¬ Pman-Av-). lP-dp¬ AkvhZv kz¿K-
Ønse ine-I-fn¬ s]´-XmWv (kz-lo-lp¬ Pman-A-v) lP-
dp¬ AkvhZv kz¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v h∂-Xm-Wv. ]men-t\-°mƒ
shfp-Ø-Xm-bn-cp∂p AXv. a\p-jy-cpsS ]m]-ßƒ AXns\
Idp-∏n-®p. (kz-lo-lp¬ Pman-A-v) (]pWy l÷v, t]. 62)
lP-dp¬ Akvh-Zn\v {]tXy-I-X-bn√
CXn-s\bpw apkvenw A\m-Nm-c-ß-fn¬ Dƒs∏-SpØn
kemw kp√an Fgp-Xp∂p: ""lP-dp¬ AkvhZv Hcp km[m-
cW I√m-Wv. lP-dp¬ Akv hZv kz¿K-tem-IØv \n∂v
sIm≠p-h-∂-Xm-sW∂v ]d-bp∂ Nne lZokp-Iƒ Xp¿ap-
Znbpw a‰pw D≤-cn-°p-∂p. Da¿(-d)-hn¬\n∂v D≤-cn® lZo-
kn\v hncp-≤-am-Wn-Xv. lP-dp¬ Akvh-Zns‚ t{ijvTX hnh-
cn-°p∂ Hcp lZokv t]mepw kzlo-lm-bn-ń-√.'' (ap-kvenw-
I-fnse A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ. t]. 297)
(95)
aZvd-k-bp-≠m-°n-bXv apPm-lnZv
Ckvemln {]ÿm\w F∂ ]pkvXI - Ø
- ns‚ Ckvemln
{]ÿm\w hcp-Ønb am‰-ßƒ F∂ A[ym-b-Øn¬ ]Xn-
s\m∂mw \º-dmbn tN¿ØXv ImWpI: ""aZvdkm {]ÿm-
\-Øn\p XpS°w Ipdn®p AXp-hgn ASp°pw Nn´-bp-ap≈
{]mY-anI ]T\ k{º-Zmbw \S-∏n-em-°n.'' (t]Pv 164)
aZvd-k-bp-≠m-°n-bXv kp∂nIƒ
aZvd-k°v XpS°w Ipdn-®Xv Nmen-e-I-Øm-sW∂pw
At±lw ke-^n-b-s√∂pw aue-hn-am¿ Xs∂ kΩ-Xn-°p-
∂p-≠v. sIF≥Fw ]pd-Øn-d° - nb Ckvemapw tIc-fØ
- nse
kmaqly ]cn-jvI-cW {]ÿm-\-ßfpw F∂ ]pkvX-I-
Øn¬ Fgp-Xp-∂p: ""a¿lqw auem\m Nmen-e-IØv Ip™-
ΩZv lmPn. B[p-\nI aZvdk - I- ƒ ÿm]n-°p-Is - b∂ e£y-
tØmsS At±lw Bcw-`n® aZvd-k, {]ÿm\w tIc-f-
Ønse aX-hn-Zym-`ymk cwKØv hnπhw krjvSn® Hcp
alXv kw`-h-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1909¬ hmg-°mSv Zmdp¬ Deqw Ad-
_nIv tImtf-Pn¬ A[ym-]-I-\mbn tN¿∂ tijw Ahn-
sS-bmWv At±lw BZy-ambn Cu hnZym-`ymk ]cn-jvI-
cWw \S-∏m-°n-b-Xv... F∂m¬ At±-lsØ {]K-¤-\mb
Hcp aX-hn-Zym-`ymk ]cn-jvI¿Ømhv F∂-√msX Hcp aX-
]-cn-jvI¿Ømhv (C-kvemln t\Xm-hv) F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-
°p-∂Xv sX‰m-bn-cn-°pw.'' (t]Pv 11, 12)

Da¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""auem\m Nmen-e-IØv Ip™-
ΩZv lmPnsb Ckvemln {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ t\Xm-°-fn¬
{]ap-J-\mbn Nne¿ hnti-jn-∏n-°m-dp-≠v. AXv icn-b-√.''
(Hm¿a-I-fpsS Xoc-Øv, t]Pv 54) (Nm-en-e-I-Øv) Hcn-°epw
XuloZv {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ \mb-I-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√. (t].57)
Nmen-e-I-Øns‚ h^m Øv 1919epw apPm-lnZv {]ÿm\w
XpS°w Ipdn-°p-∂Xv 1921\p tij-hp-am-Wv.
(96)
Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bW a’cw blqZn amXrI
sI. Da¿ auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""kwL-Sn-X-amb \ne-bn¬
Zo¿L-ho-£-W-Øn¬ ]cn-]m-Sn-bn´v Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bW
a’-chpw kΩm-\Z- m-\hpw \S-∂p-hc- p-∂p. kwL-S\
- I
- ƒ Cu
hnj-b-Øn¬ InS-a-’cw \S-Øp-∂p. CXv blqZn amXr-I-
bn¬ blq-Zn-Isf Ih-®p-sh-°p∂ ]cn-]m-Sn-bm-Ip-∂p. blq-
Zn-Iƒ XudmØpw sIm≠v CØcw tIm{]m-ń-Iƒ Imń-b-
Xmbn Adn-bp-∂n-√.'' (^m-Xn-l-bpsS Xoc-Øv, t]. 98)
Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bW a’cw auehnam¿ \SØn

hnNn- ¥ - \ - Ø n¬ h∂ Hcp dnt∏m¿´v hmbn- ° p- I :
""IpsshØv tIcf Ckvemln sk‚¿ Jp¿-B≥ B‚ v
lZokv teWnwKv hn`m-K-Øns‚ Iogn¬ Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-
bWw sNøp-∂-Xn\pw a\x-]m-T-am-°p-∂-Xn\pw t{]m’m-
l\w \¬In-s°m≠v ]cn-ip≤ da-fm-\n¬ \S-Øn-h-cm-dp≈
Jp¿-B≥ XPvho-Zv, ln^vfv a’c hnP-bn-Isf {]Jym-]n-
®p. \mev {Kq∏p-I-fmbn \S-Ønb a’-c-Øn¬ BÏp-ń-
Iƒ°pw s]Ïp-ń-Iƒ°pw {]tXyI a’cw \S-Øn.''
(hnNn-¥\w 2010 k]vXw-_¿ 10)

(97)
\_n(-k)-bpsS amXrI ]cn-K-Wn-°Ww
GXv hnj-b-Ønepw \_n(-k)-bpsS amXrI ]cn-K-Wn-
°-Ws - a∂pw A√m-Ø] - £w AXv Kuc-ha - p≈ _nZvA
- Ø
- m-
sW∂pw aue-hn-am¿ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p:
""\_n(-k) sNbvXpthm Ct√? Cu tNmZyw GXp Imcy-
Ønepw apkvenw-Iƒ ]cn-K-Wn-°-Ww.'' (hn-Nn-¥-\w, 2011
s^{_p-h-cn 4, t]Pv 2) ""\_n(-k)-bpsS amXr-I-bn-√msX
aX-Øn¬ ]pXp-Xm-bp-≠m-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ Ckvem-an\v ]pd-
Øm-sW∂pw A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ Gsd Kuc-h-ap≈ _nZv-A-
Øm-sW∂pw a\- n-em-°mw.'' (sF.-Fk - v.Fw km¬th-j≥
kph-\o¿, t]Pv 85)
amXrI ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂n√
F∂m¬ \_n(-k)-bn¬ \n∂v amXr-Ib - n-√m-Ø- F-{Xtbm
Imcy-ßƒ aue-hn-am¿ sNbvXp-h-cp-∂p-≠v. AXn¬ {][m-
\-s∏´ H∂v DZm-l-c-W-am-sb-Sp-°mw. JpXp-_-bnse kzem-
Øv. JpXp-_-bn¬ kzemXv sNm√¬ \n¿_-‘-am-sW∂pw
CXn\v \_n(-k)-bpsS amXr-I-bn-s√∂pw aue-hn-am¿ Xs∂
kΩXn-°p-∂Xv ImWp-I: JpXp-_-bnse Ahn-`m-Py-L-S-I-
ßƒ i_m_v hmcn-I-bn¬ \n∂v hmbn°mw: ""lwZv, kzem-
Xv, Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-Ww, {]m¿∞-\- ap-X-emb Ahn-`mPy
LS-I-ßƒ...'' (i-_m_v 2010 G{]n¬ 2, t]Pv 26)
tIcf PwC-ø-Øp¬ Dea (ap-Pm-lnZv ]WvUn-X-k-`) Cd-
°nb PpapA JpXp _ Fß-s\-bm-bn-cn-°Ww F∂
]pkvXI- Ø
- nepw Fgp-Xp∂p: ""A¿Im-\p-Iƒ F∂p sh®m¬
lwZv kzemXv XJvh sIm≠p≈ hkzn-øØv......'' (t]Pv 13)
JpXp-_-bn¬ JXo_v kzemØv sNm√¬ \n¿_-‘-am-
sW∂v hy‡-am-bt- √m. C\n CXn\p \_n(-k)-bpsS amXrI
Cs√∂v aue-hn-am¿ Xs∂ hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv ImWpI: PwC-
ø-Øp¬ Dea Cd-°nb {]kvXpX ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ Xs∂
Fgp-Xp∂p: ""lZo-kn¬ \n∂pw Ppap-A°v c≠v JpXp_
thW-sa∂pw AXns‚ CS-bn ¬ Ccn-°-W-sa∂pw JpXp-
_-bn¬ lwZpw XZvIodpw D]-tZ-ihpw Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-
Whpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw hy‡-am-bn. A√m-lp-hns\
kvacn-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w \_n(-k)-sbbpw kvacn-t°-≠-Xm-
sW∂v ImcWw ]d-™p. kzemØv Camw im^nCu Hcw-
K-ambn FÆn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kze^pw Je^pw BN-cn-®-X-
\p-k-cn®v ZpB-sbbpw JpXp-_-bpsS Hcw-Kmbn FÆn-bn-cn-
°p-∂p.'' (t].12)
i_m_v Fgp-Xp∂p: ""F∂m¬ PpapA JpXp-_-bpsS
Bcw-`-Øn¬ \_n(-k) kzem-ØvsNm-√p-Itbm sNm√m≥
I¬∏n-°p-Itbm sNbvX-Xmbn {]_-e-amb lZo-kp-I-fn¬
ImWp-∂n-√.'' (i-_m_v 2009 Pqsse 10, t]Pv 21)
At∏mƒ JpXp-_-bnse \n¿_-‘-L-S-I-amb kzem-
Xn\pw {]m¿∞-\°pw \_n(-k)-bpsS amXr-I-bn√ F∂v
t_m[y-s∏-ń´pw aue-hn-am¿ AXv \n¿_‘ LS-I-ambn
]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Ct∏mgpw Ah-cpsS ]≈n anº-dp-I-fn¬ \S-
∏n-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. aue-hn-am-cpsS `mj-bn¬ Kuc-
h-ap≈ _nZvA - Øv sNøp∂ ]pØ≥hm-Zn-Iƒ Ah¿ Xs∂.
hmZ{]XnhmZØn\v \_n(kz)bpsS amXrIbn√mØ
Xn\m¬ ]mSns√∂v ]dbp∂h¿°v adp]Snbmbn kpssl¿
Np¶Ød FgpXnbXv ChnsS tN¿Øv hmbnt°≠XmWv.
""c≠v Iqćpw hmZ{]XnhmZØn\v kΩXn®m¬ hyhÿsb
gpXp∂Xpw a[yÿ∑mscbpw c≠v I£nIfn¬ \n∂pw
]s¶Sp°p∂ ]Wv U nX∑mscbpw \n¿Wbn°p∂p.
ÿehpw kabhpw Xocpam\n°p∂p. Hcp tÃPn¬ c≠v
I£nIfpw AWn\nc°p∂p. F∂n´v ta¬∏d™ hn[w
N¿® \S°p∂p. Hmtcm I£nbpw hnjbahXcn∏n®v
Zo¿Lambn kwkmcn°pIbpw adpI£n Zo¿Lambn
adp{]kwKw \SØpIbpw sNøp∂ as‰mcp cq]ap≠v. Cu
cq]w \_n(kz)bpsS ImeØn√t√m F∂p tNmZn°mw.
C√. kΩXn°p∂p. C\n Xncn®tßm´pw tNmZn°mw:
\_n(kz) \SØnb t]msebmtWm \ΩpsS {]t_m[\w?
A√. cq]hpw `mhhpw amdn. {]kwKw, FgpØv, hy‡n
_‘w, ]≈n ChbpsSsbms° cq]w amdn. AsXms°
bmhmsa¶n¬ hmZ{]XnhmZØn\v am{Xw \_nbpsS
ImesØ cq]w thWsa∂v iTn°p∂sX¥n\mWv ? ''
(k¬k_o¬ 1986 am¿®v t]. 24)
Cu tNmZyßfpw \ymbßfpsa√mw \_nZn\mtLmjw
hcptºmƒ auehnam¿ ad∂pIfbpw. AhnsS Ah¿
tNmZn°pw. \_n sNbvtXm? F∂v. At∏mƒ \ap°v
AhtcmSv adp]Sn ]dbm≥ taep≤cWn klmbIamIpw.
\√ Imcyßƒ°v \_n(kz)bpsS amXrI thWsa∂ hmZw
icnbs√∂v ka¿∞n°mw.
(98)
Nmen-e-I-Øns‚ ]c-ºc AhImis∏Sp∂p
\_n(-k)-bn-te°v tNcp∂ ]WvUnX ]c-ºc apPm-ln-
Zp-Iƒ°v Cs√-∂Xv hfsc hy‡-am-Wv. CXn-s\mcp ]cn-
lm-ca- mbn Nmen-eI- Ø
- ns\ ]e-t∏mgpw aue-hn-am¿ sIm≠p-
h-cm-dp-≠v. Ckvemlv amknI Fgp-Xp∂p:
""C\n Ic-bp-≤-amWv F∂p ]d™v auem\ (t]-tcmSv
DkvXm-Zv) BZy-ambn s]mń® D≠-bn√m shSn, apPm-ln-Zp-
Iƒ°v ]c-º-c-bn√m F∂m-Wv. Cu ]c-ºc ]d™v s]mXp-
P-\-ßsf ]ºcw Id-°p∂ ]cn-]mSn Ic-bp-≤-Øn\p h∂
t]tcmSv Is≠-Ønb ]pXnb Bbp-[-sam-∂p-a-√. adn®v
F√m Imc-¥qcn ap√-amcpw ÿnc-ambn ]d-bp∂ Hcp Ub-
tem-Km-Wn-Xv. apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ°v ]c-ºc - b
- n-s√∂v ]d™v dkq-
en-te-s°-Øp∂ Xß-fpsS ]c-ºc Hcp tIme-Øn¬ H∏n-
®p-≠m°n AXv tÃPn¬ hmbn®v ta\n \Sn-°m-dp≠v Imc-
¥q-cn-Iƒ. F∂m¬ ]c-ºc - b
- nse c≠v IÆn ]ntdm´v t]mbn
AhnsS Nmen-e-IØv Ip™-ΩZv lmPn Fs∂mcp hy‡n-

bp-≈Xv sIm≠v B ]c-ºc apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ°pw _m[-I-
amWv F∂Xv Imc-¥q-cn-Iƒ Hm¿°m-dn-√.'' (C-kvemlv, P\p-
hcn 2010, t]Pv 26)
Nmen-e-IØv bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I≥
F∂m¬ \mZm-]p-cØv t]tcm-Sp-kvXmZns‚ ap∂n¬ c£-
s∏-Sp-sa∂p IcpXn Nmen-e-I-Øns‚ ]c-ºc Ah-Im-i-s∏-
´-h¿ Xs∂ Nmen-e-I-Øns\ bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-\mbn ]cn-N-
b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. A-Yhm Rßƒ°v ]WvUnX ]mc-º-cy-an-
s√∂ kΩ-Xn-°¬, t]tcm-Sns‚ shSn D≠-bn√m shSn-b√
F∂ Xncn-®-dn-hv. Ckvemlv amknI Fgp-Xp∂p: ""At±lw
(Nm-en-e-I-Øv) im^nCu aZvl_v ]mc-ºcyw ]n¥p-S¿∂
Hcp ]mc-ºcy bmYm-ÿn-XnI ]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cp∂p. At±-
lw Hcp ke^n BZ¿i-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√. sI. Da¿
auehn Xs‚ Hm¿a-I-fpsS XocØv F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬
Nmen-eI- Ø
- ns\ A\p-kvac- n-°p-∂X
- n-ßs
- \-bm-Wv. auem\m
Nmen-e-IØv Ip™-l-ΩZv lmPnsb Ckvemln {]ÿm-\-
Øns‚ t\Xm-°-fn¬ {]ap-J-\mbn Nne¿ hnti-jn-∏n-
°mdp≠v. AXv icn-b-√.'' (C-kvemlv amknI 2012 HIvtSm-
_¿ 31)
(99)
C_v\p A_vZp¬ hlm_v {]`h tI{µw
C_v\p A_vZn¬ hlm_v {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ t\Xmhpw
{]`h tI{µ-hp-sa∂v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv ImWpI:
""apkvenw temI-Øm-Iam\w hnizm-k-]-chpw hn⁄m-\-
]-c-hp-amb Iqcn-cp´v Xfw-sIń\n¬°p-Ibpw CXc P\-hn-
`m-K-ß-sf√mw Ahsc Ah-⁄-tbmsS ho£n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvX B Zp¿LS k‘n-bn-emWv Hcp sh≈n \£{Xw
DZbw sNøp-∂-Xv. ssiJv apl-ΩZv _v\p A_vZp¬ hlm-
_v.............. hlm_n {]ÿm-\-sa∂p FXn-cm-fn-Ifpw aph-

lvln-Zp-Iƒ F∂v A\p-Iq-en-Ifpw hnfn-°p∂ Nn¥m [mc-
tbtXm AXns‚ {]`m-h-tI-{µ-amb ssiJv apl-ΩZv _v\p
A_vZp¬ hlm_v 1703¬ \PvZn¬ `qPm-X-\m-bn..........'' (C-
kvemln {]ÿm\ Ncn-{X-Øn-s\m-cm-ap-Jw, t]Pv 12)
C_v\p A_vZp¬ hlm_v t\Xm-h√:

Da¿ auehn
aue-hn-am-cpsS Kth-jWw ]ptcm-K-an-®-t∏mƒ C_v\p
A_vZp¬ hlm-_ns‚ ]e Bi-b-tØmSv Ah¿°v hntbm-
Pn-∏m-tI-≠n-h-∂p. Aßs\ {]`h tI{µhpw sh≈n-\-£-
{X-hp-amb C_v\p A_vZp¬ hlm-_ns\ Da¿ auehn
X≈p-∂Xv ImWpI: ""tIc-f-Ønse ke-^n-Isf ssiJv
apl-ΩZv_v\p A_vZn¬ hlm-_ns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fmbn
teJ-I≥ hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv If-hm-Ip-∂p. Rßƒ At±-l-
Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-f-√. Rßƒ°v tbmPn-°m≥ Ign-
bmØ Nne hnj- b - ß ƒ At±- l - Ø n- \ p- ≠ v . At±lw
lºen aZvl_ - p-Im-c\
- mWv F∂-Xp-Xs∂ Hcp {][m\ hnj-
bw.'' (k¬k-_o¬ 1996 Pqsse, t]Pv 45)
\thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ cmP-in¬∏n, apP-±nZv

Da¿ auehn C_v\p A_vZp¬ hlm-_ns\ X≈n-sb-
¶nepw B[p-\nI aue-hn-am¿ ho≠pw At±-lsØ \thm-
∞m\ \mb-I\pw apP-±n-Zp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv
ImWpI: ""tIcf apkvenw \thm-∞m\ Ncn{Xw hkvXp-\n-
jvT-ambn hni-I-e-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-°p-tºmƒ B[p-\nI
apkvenw \thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ cmP-in¬∏n-bmb apl-ΩZv
_v\p A_vZp¬ hlm-_ns\ hmbn-°p-∂Xv Gsd {]k-‡-
am-bn-cn-°pw. ]Xn-s\´mw \q‰m≠v I≠ G‰hpw henb apP-
±n-Zm-bn-cp∂p apl-ΩZv_v\p A_vZp¬ hlm-_v. B[p-\nI
\thm-∞m\ {]ÿm-\-Øns‚ \mb-Is\ IqSp-X¬ Adn-
bp-tºmƒ \thm-∞m\ {]ÿm-\-ßƒ°v AXv IcpØv
\¬Ip-sa-∂p-d-∏m-Wv.'' (hn-Nn-¥\w 2012 \hw-_¿ 23)
100
Xu_ sNm√ns°mSp°¬ ^¿fmb Aa¬
dafm\nse Xu_ sNm√ns°mSp°p∂ kZ ns\ ]‰n
sI.Fw. auehn ^Xvh \¬InbXv ImWpI: ""daZm\n¬
as‰√m ssJdmb Imcyßfnepw IqSpX¬ D’mln°pw
{]Imcw Xs∂ Xu_ sNøp∂Xnepw daZm\n¬ IqSpX¬
Dt∑jhpw D’mlhpw ImWnt°≠XmWv F∂ ImcyØn
¬ kwiban√. hnizmknIsf \nßsf√mhcpw IqSn
A√mlphnte°v aSßpho≥. \nßƒ hnPbw {]m]n°p
hm≥ F∂ Jp¿B≥ hmIyw sIm≠v Xu_ sNøp∂Xn¬
kXyhnizmknIƒ kaqlw tNcp∂Xv DØaamsW∂v
shfns∏ńcn°p∂p. Xu_bpsS IpsS a‰v C_mZØpIfpw
kzZJIfpw ]pWyI¿Ωßfpw IqSpX¬ h¿[n∏n°p∂Xpw
IqSn Xu_ sNøp∂h\v BhiyamsW∂v Camw K men
(d) ClvbmC¬ ]d™ncn°p∂p.... F∂m¬ Deam°ƒ
AhcpsS Cu ^¿fpIƒ \ndth‰ptºmƒ (Xu_bpsS
^¿fpw kp∂Øpw ]Tn∏n°pI F∂ ^¿fv) Ah¿°v
kzZJbmtbm lZnøbmtbm h√Xpw P\ßƒ sImSp°pI
sb∂Xpw \√XpXs∂. AXv {]Xnêw e`n°p∂ Zm\hpw
Xs∂..... Xu_bpsS dpIv\pIƒ th≠hn[w P\ßsf
[cn∏n°pItbm GsXmcp ]m]w sNbvXpt]mbmepw DSs\
Xmakw IqSmsX Xu_ sNø¬ ^¿fmsW∂v Ah¿°v
Adnbn®v sImSp°pItbm Xu_ sNøm≥ i‡nbmbn
D]tZin°pItbm P\ßƒ°v th≠s∏´ AdnhpIƒ
\¬IpItbm CsXm∂pw \ΩpsS cmPyßfnse Xu_
sNm√ns°mSp°¬ sIm≠v km[mcWbmbn km[n°p
∂n√. AXn\m¬ \ΩpsS cmPyßfnse Xu_ sNm√ns°m
Sp°p∂ Cu G¿∏mSv ta¬ hnhcn® \∑Iƒ km[n°Ø
° hn[w ]cnjvIcnt°≠XmWv. Aßs\ ]cnjvIcn°p∂
]£w AXv ^¿fmb Hcp Aaembn `hn°p∂Xpw B sNm
√ns°mSp°p∂ Deam°sf [\w sIm≠v klmbn°p∂Xv

A√mlphns‚ k_oen¬ [\w sNehv sNøembn hcp∂
XpamIp∂p. (sI.Fw. auehn ^XvhIƒ t]. 125, 126)
Xu_ sNm√ns°mSp°¬ ]utcmlnXyw
""Ah\h≥ kzta[b sX‰v G‰p]d™v ]S®ht\mSv
sNtø≠ Xu_ kp∂n ]utcmlnXyw In´m\p≈
am¿KØn\mbn sNm√ns°mSp°¬ NSßm°n am‰n.
]utcmlnXyØns‚ XeXncn™ \thm∞m\
kwcw`ßfnte°v Cu ZpcmNmchpw tN¿°mw.'' (apPmlnZv
8˛mw kwÿm\ ktΩf\w kph\o¿, t]. 189)
(101)
apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ°v am‰n-∏-d-tb≠n h∂n-ń√
Hcp auehn Fgp-Xp∂p: ""a‰p kwL-S-\-Iƒ°v C∂se
]d-™Xv C∂v am‰n-∏d - t- b-≠n-h∂
- n-´p-≠v. C∂-esØ ldmw
C∂v lemepw adn®pw ]d-tb≠n h∂ KXn-tISv apPm-lnZv
kwL-S-\-°p-≠m-bn-ń-√. Jp¿-B\pw kp∂Øpw am‰-Øn\p
hnt[- b - a - √ msX ÿmbnbpw ÿnc- h p- a mWv At∏mƒ
AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂ Cu kwL-S-
\°v CS-°nsS A`n-{]m-bß - ƒ am‰n-∏d - t- b≠ KXn-tI-Sp-≠m-
I-bn-√.'' (i-_m_v skan-\m¿ ]Xn-∏v 1997, t]Pv 50)
am‰n-∏-d-™n-´p≠v
Jp¿-B≥ kp∂-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-
°p∂ kwL-S-\°v am‰n-∏-d-tb≠n hcn-√. F∂m¬ apPm-
lnZv kwL-S\ Nne aue-hn-am-cpsS Xocp-am-\-ß-fm-b-Xn-
\m¬ ]e Imcy-ßfpw am‰n-∏-d-tb≠n h∂n-´p-≠v. 16-˛5-˛2001
\p sI.-F≥.Fw tIm¿Un-t\-j≥ IΩn‰n apPm-lnZv sk‚-
dn¬ hnfn-®p-tN¿Ø tbmK-Øn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n® {]_‘w
C°mcyw hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v. AXv ImWpI: ""A∏-t∏mƒ
e`y-amb sXfn-hp-If
- psS shfn-®Ø
- n¬ \ΩpsS sX‰mb [mc-
W-Isf \mw XncpØn ]n∂oSv IqSp-X¬ {]_-ehpw hy‡-
hp-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ e`n-®-t∏mƒ \ΩpsS Nne [mc-W-Isf
ho≠pw Xncp-tØ-≠n-h-∂p.'' (t]Pv 5)

QDV SSHCP Y Ä: Appm-Ln-Znsâ Xncs - SP

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QDV SSHCP Y Ä: Appm-Ln-Znsâ Xncs - SP

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apPm-ln-Znsâ

Akvew kJm^n ]tømfn

BIm-ißƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ he-Xp-ssI-bn¬

A√m-lp-hns‚ heXp ssIbn¬ A√mlp!

Ccp∂p F∂v hnizkn°Ww

A√m-lp-hn\v CS-Xp ssI D≠v

A√mlp ASp-Øm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°Ww

hymJym-\n-°Ww: h°w auehn

Da¿ auehn hymJym-\n-°p∂p

hnNn-¥-\-Øn¬ Xs∂ hymJym\w

Be-¶m-cnIw \ntj-[-Øn-te-°p≈ am¿Kw

"t]mse' F∂v {]tbm-Kn-°p∂p

ssI F∂¿∞w ]d-bp∂p

CXv apP- n-an-ø-Øns‚ hmZw

\_n (-k) ]m]-kp-c-£n-X≥

{]hm-N-I-∑m¿ sX‰p sNøp-∂-h¿

\_n(-k) km[m-cW a\p-jy≥

{]hm-N-I≥ km[m-cW a\p-jy≥

\_n(-k)-bpsS hnb¿∏n\v _d-I-Xn√

Bkm¿ sIm≠v X_¿dpIv in¿°√

apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ X_¿dpIv \ntj-[n-I-fmWv

a\p-jy-I-gn-hn¬ s]Sm-ØXv tXS-emWv {]m¿∞\

ad™ hgn F∂m¬ \ap-°-dn-bmØ hgn F∂√

knlvdv ^ew A⁄mX hgn-°√

Da¿ auehn Aßs\ ]d-™n-´n√

knlvdv ^en-°n-s√∂v 1982¬ tbmK Xocp-am\w

2011 apX¬ ho≠pw knlvdv ^en-°p-sa∂v

knlvdv ^en-°p-sa∂ hnizmkw in¿°v Xs∂

ItÆ-dn¬ hniz-kn-°m-Ø-h¿ aqV-∑m¿

Pn∂n-t\mSpw ae-°n-t\mSpw tXS¬ in¿°mWv

ae-°n-s‚bpw Pn∂n-s‚bpw Ignhv

Bcm-[n-®mepw Cs√-¶nepw klmbn°pw

a°m apivcn-°p-Iƒ hnizm-kn-I-f√

ssIIm¬ Npw_\w Cam-ap-I-fpsS am¿Kw

Da¿(-d) ad™ Imcyw

kzbw a{¥n-°mw, a‰p-≈-h¿°pw a{¥n°mw

Cu amXrI Bcp ImWn-®p-X∂p

sI.-Fw. auehn henøv

Im^n-dm-sW∂v ]d-™-hs\ A√mlp

ssZhsØ kao-]n-°m≥ ip]m¿ibp≠v

ssiJv Poem\n AssZzX hmZn

ao©¥ {]tabw 1947¬

kv{XoIƒ ]≈n-bn-te°v ]pd-s∏-S¬ \n¿_‘w

1997¬ A\p-h-Z-\obw ]pWy-I¿Ωw

\_n(-k)-bpsS `mcy-amsc ]cn-K-Wn-°p∂p

kv{XoIƒ°v knbm-dØv kp∂Øv

F´v dIv-AXv hmZn-®n-´n√

F´pw aq∂pw icn-b√

Xdm-holv da-fm-\n¬ {]tXy-I-a√

100 apPm-ln-Zns‚ Xncs™-SpØ

]Xn-s\m∂n¬ IqSp-X¬ A\m-Nmcw

100 sshcp≤yßƒ 101

aZvl-_p-I-fpsS tkh\w AXn-a-l-Øm-bXv

aZvl_v kzoIcn®hsc FXn¿°p∂h¿

104 apPm-ln-Zns‚ Xncs™-SpØ

100 sshcp≤yßƒ 105

106 apPm-ln-Zns‚ Xncs™-SpØ

100 sshcp≤yßƒ 109

s]cp-∂m-fn\p c≠v JpXp_ kp∂Øv

s]cp-∂m-fn\p Hcp JpXp_ am{Xw

110 apPm-ln-Zns‚ Xncs™-SpØ

112 apPm-ln-Zns‚ Xncs™-SpØ

hpfq-C-√msX sXmS¬ ldm-an√