JC2 H2 MYE Revision Package: Differential Equations TMJC 2019

JC2 MYE Revision Package

H2 Mathematics (9758)
Differential Equations Solutions

Qn 1 TJC/2009 Prelim/I/4
dx
 kx 2 , k > 0
dt
1
 2 dx  k  1 dt
x
1
 kt  c
x
1
When t = 0, x = 100  c 
100

1 1 1
When t = 9, x = 25   9k  k 
25 100 300

1 300
x  
t 1 t 3

300 100
300
When x = 7, 7   t  3  42.857  t  39.857
t 3

Total time needed for mass to reach 7 mg is 40 days.

Qn 2 2012 TPJC/I/8 [L]

(i) dx
 kx, k  0 ------- (1)
dt
1
 x dx  k 1 dt
ln x  kt  c ( x  0)
x  Ae  kt where A  ec ------- (2)
dx
When x  30,  5,
dt
1
From (1): 5  30k  k 
6
When t  0, x  30,
From (2): 30  A
t

Therefore, x  30e 6
1
(ii) 
When t  2, x  30e 3
 21.5 ml

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JC2 H2 MYE Revision Package: Differential Equations TMJC 2019

(iii) As t  , x  0 .
Therefore, the amount of drug will eventually decrease to a limit of 0 ml.
x

30

t
y=0

Qn 2012 SAJC/II/4
3
dx Or (by partial fractial)
 kx(10  x)
dt dx
 kx(10  x)
1 dt
 10 x  x 2 dx   k dt 1
1
 x 10  x  dx   k dt
 52  ( x  5)2 dx   k dt 1 1
1 5  ( x  5)
 10 x  10 10  x  dx   k dt
ln  kt  C
10 5  ( x  5) 1
ln x  ln 10  x   kt  C
x 10 
ln  10kt  D
10  x 1
ln
x
 kt  C
x 10 10  x
 Be10 kt , where B  e D
10  x ln
x
 10kt  D
Where t = 0, x = 2 10  x
1 x
B=  Be10 kt , where B  e D
4 10  x
x 1 Where t = 0, x = 2
 e10 kt
10  x 4 1
B=
4 x  e10 kt (10  x) 4
10e10 kt x 1
x  e10 kt
4  e10 kt 10  x 4
4 x  e10 kt (10  x)
10e10 kt
x
4  e10 kt
k<0
A vaccination had been found to eliminate the virus OR
The people infected by the virus had passed away OR any other reasonable answer.

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JC2 H2 MYE Revision Package: Differential Equations TMJC 2019

Qn 4 2011 VJC Prelim/P1/7 [L]

dy x
 Using y 2  x  v
dx y
dy dv
2y  1
dx dx
dy 1  d v 
 1
dx 2 y  dx 
1  dy  x
 1   
2 y  dx  y
dy
1  2x
dx
dv
 1  2 x (Shown)
dx

 1 dv   1  2 x  dx
v  x  x2  A
x  y2  x  x2  A
y 2  x2  B

Qn 5 SAJC/2009 Prelim/II/1 [L]

dx a
  bx where a and b are positive constants
dt x
dx a
When x  2 ,  0   b  2   a  4b
dt 2
dx 4b
   bx
dt x
 x2  4 
 b  
 x 
 x2  4 
 k  , where k is a negative constant
 x 

  k dt
x
dx 
x 4
2

ln  x 2  4   kt  C , (Since x  2,  x 2  4  0)
1
2

x 2  Ae2 kt  4 where A = e2C

x  Ae 2 kt
 4  (Reject   Ae 2 kt
 4  since x > 0)

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JC2 H2 MYE Revision Package: Differential Equations TMJC 2019

Qn 6 SAJC 2008/II/3 [M]

(i) dV dV
  x , since depth of water, x is decreasing. i.e.  k x where k is a
dt dt
positive constant.
By Chain rule,
dx dV  dx 
  .
dt dt  dV 
V = Ax. where A is the base area.
dV
Since A is constant, A
dx
dx dV  dx  1 k
Hence,     k x    kx where k  (shown)
dt dt  dV   A A
(ii) dx
 x  k  dt
ln x  kt  c (since x  0)
x  e  ktc  e c e  kt  Ae  kt where A = e c
When t = 0, x = h, A = h,  x  he kt
When t = 2, x = ½h
1
 h  he2 k
2
1
e 2 k 
2
2k   ln 2
1
k  ln 2  ln 2
2
 x  he (ln 2 )t
1
 ln 2 h
When t  1, x  he 2 
2

Qn 7 2011 RVHS Prelim/P2/3 [M]

dz dy
z = ye x Þ = ye x + e x
dx dx

dy dy
  3x  y  0  e x  3xe x  ye x  0
dx dx
dz
  3xe x
dx
 z  3  xe x   e x dx 
 z  3  xe x  e x   c
 y  3( x  1)  ce x

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JC2 H2 MYE Revision Package: Differential Equations TMJC 2019

Qn 8 2010 CJC Prelim/P2/4 (modified) [L]

d 2x
 4ae 2t
dt 2
dx
 2ae 2t  C
dt
x  ae 2t  Ct  D
Since entire population is wiped out by the disease eventually, as
Hence, C = 0, D = 0.
 x  ae2t
a represents the initial population of the fish (in thousands).

Qn 9 TPJC/2009 Prelim/I/5 [M]

(i) x + y = 100
dx dx
 (100  x)   k (100  x)
dt dt
1.9 = k (100 – 5)  k = 0.02
dx
  0.02(100  x) (Shown)
dt
(ii) dx
 0.02(100  x)
dt

 
1
 dx  0.02 dt
100  x
  ln 100  x  0.02t  C
 100  x  Ae 0.02t where A  e  C

When t = 0, x = 5,
A  100  5  95
So,
100  x  95e0.02t
 x  100  95e0.02t
(iii) As t  , x  100, y  0 .
Hence compound Y will be transformed to compound X .

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JC2 H2 MYE Revision Package: Differential Equations TMJC 2019

Qn 10 JJC/2009 Prelim/I/4 [M]

dP
 1%( P)  52(5)
dt
dP
 0.01P  260 (Shown)
dt

 
(i) 1
dP  dt
0.01P  260
1
ln 0.01P  260  t  c
0.01
P  100  Ae0.01t  260  , where A = ec

When t = 0, P = 1000, A = 270

Hence P  100  270e0.01t  260 
(ii) For P > 2000, 100  270e0.01t  260   2000
28
e0.01t 
27
t  3.64 years

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