Science 4th quarter Module 1

Assessment
1.D
2.B
3.C
4.D
5.A
6.D
7.A
8.D
9.C
10.A

Enrichment (A.)

1. Given: P1=760 torr

V1= 3.0 L
V2= 12.0 L
Required: P2(Final Pressure) =?

2. Given: P1= 6.0 atm

P2= 0.50 at,
V1= 25.0 L
Required: V2(Final volume) =?
(B.)
1. Invention of syringes
The working of a syringe can also be explained using Boyle's Law. When the plunger of a
syringe is pulled out, the volume inside the barrel increases, resulting in a decrease in the
pressure inside the barrel. Fluids (such as water) flow from a high pressure area to a low
pressure area. The opposite is also true. When the plunger is pushed back in, the volume
decreases and the pressure increases. Once the pressure is greater than that outside the
syringe, the fluid inside the barrel will flow out.
2. Plane travel
Boyle's law states that for a given temperature the volume is inversely proportional to the
pressure. This law explains why sinuses or middle ear (which are normally fixed volume gas-
filled spaces) may hurt when during altitude or pressure changes. At a constant temperature,
the volume of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure. Basically, as you ascend in altitude
(or to the surface if diving), gas expands to a greater volume due to decreased pressure
exerted on it.
3. Popping a balloon
When you sit on a balloon you decrease the volume . Therefore, the pressure must increase
and, when it is too high, the balloon cannot hold it anymore and pops. The above law is
named Boyle's Law. It holds if the temperature of an ideal gas remains constant. When the
temperature changes as well, the following two ideal gas laws are involved.
4. Breathing
The operation of your lungs also can be explained using Boyle’s Law. When you inhale
(breathe in), your diaphragm (a large muscle below your lungs) lowers, which increases the
volume inside your lungs. This makes the air pressure inside your lungs lower than the air
pressure outside your lungs (and your body); therefore, the outside air is drawn into your
lungs (much like the syringe). When you exhale (breathe out), your diaphragm pushes
upwards, reducing the volume inside your lungs, increasing the pressure and forcing the air
outwards.
5. SCUBA diving
Boyle's Law is also important to divers because it means that if a diver takes a lung- ful of air
while he is underwater, that air will expand in his lungs as he rises to the surface. If he holds
his breath, or ascends too rapidly (like a cork) the expanding air can rupture his lungs.Boyle's
Law describes the role of water pressure in the dive environment. It applies and affects many
aspects of scuba diving. Consider the following examples:Descent - As a diver descends, the
water pressure around him increases, causing air in his scuba equipment and body to occupy a
smaller volume (compress).Ascent - As a diver ascends, water pressure decreases, so Boyle's
Law states that the air in his gear and body expand to occupy a greater volume.