RIZAL’S INFLUENCE

RIZAL’S INFLUENCE ON
ON THE
THE OTHER
OTHER
FILIPINO PATRIOTS
FILIPINO PATRIOTS
WHAT
WHAT IS
IS PATRIOT?
PATRIOT?
- a person who vigorously supports their country and is prepared
to defend it against enemies or detractors.
BRIEF BACKGROUND
MI
MI ULTIMO
ULTIMO ADIOS
ADIOS
- On the afternoon of Dec. 29, 1896, a day
before his execution, Dr. José Rizal was
visited by his mother, Teodora Alonzo;
sisters Lucia, Josefa, Trinidád, Maria and
Narcisa; and two nephews.
- When they took their leave, Rizal told
Trinidád in English that there was
something in the small alcohol stove
(cocinilla), as opposed to saying coconut
oil (lamparilla), which was intended
provide cover for the transportation of
the text.
- The stove was given to Narcisa by the
guard when the party was about to board
their carriage in the courtyard. At home,
the Rizal ladies recovered a folded paper
from the stove.
- On it was written an unsigned, untitled
and undated poem of 14 five-line stanzas.
- The Rizals reproduced copies of the
poem and sent them to Rizal's friends in
the country and abroad.
1. In 1897, Mariano Ponce in Hong
Kong had the poem printed with
the title "Mí último pensamiento”
2. Fr. Mariano Dacanay, who received
a copy of the poem while a
prisoner in Bilibid (jail), published
it in the first issue of La
Independencia on September 25.
3. 1898 with the title 'Ultimo Adios'.
In barricades embattled, fighting
“

with delirium,
Others donate their lives without
doubts, without gloom
The site doesn’t matter: cypress,
laurel or lily;
Gibbet or open field, combat or
cruel martyrdom,
Are equal if demanded by country
and home.”
 So the death of Rizal became the
rallying force of the
revolutionary leaders who were
willing to sacrifice and die for
Rizal believes that Andres the country, if necessary.
Bonifacio’s revolutionary
plan is a premature and
suicidal undertaking that’s
why Rizal disagreed with
it.
ANDRES
ANDRES BONIFACIO
BONIFACIO
(November 30, 1863 – May 10, 1897)

- Father of the Philippines Revolution

- He was one of the founders and
later Supremo (Supreme Leader) of the Kataas-
taasang, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak
ng Bayan
- One of the original member of Rizal’s La Liga
Filipina.
- Led the revival of the Liga after its demise in
1892 upon Rizal’s deportation in Dapitan.
- The most active in enlisting it new member.
 Revived La Liga Filipina
was divided into two
factions:
• CUERPO DE LOS COMPROMISARIOS

Composed of Illustrados and reformers.

They pledge to continue supporting the
La Solidaridad.

• KATIPUNAN

Composed of plebeians led by Bonifacio.

They themselves to a new and secret
society.
- Between the moderate and radical
members of the revived Liga, modus
vivendi was forged. It is initially adhered
to Rizal’s pacifist ideas and influence.

- At the point when the other Filipino

advocates abroad were unsettling for
insurgency as a definitive intend to
settled the issue, Bonfiacio's Katipunan
picked up the advantage and started to
employ more noteworthy effect on the
Liga's membershi[.
He also acquired three volumes of the
La Solidaridad and the other political
writings like the History of the French
Revolution, the Les Miserables and the
Lives of American Presidents.
 Rizal’s influence was also evident
in the organization of the
revolutionary society.

The Katipunan copied the organizational

structure of the La Liga from which, it
provided for a national, provincial, and
municipal levels of government.

As the Katipunan membership swelled ten-fold

popular councils that were formed adopted
symbolic names (Dimasalang, Laon Laan, and
Dapitan) that were attributed to Rizal

- Rizal’s portrait adorned Katipunan

headquarters.
- His name was listed as honorary President in
the Katipunan letterhead.
- The name “Rizal” was assigned as a
password to the “bayani”.
Spanish authorities considered Rizal as the “Soul of the Revolution” for it was
always noted that the Katipuneros, before every attach they launched against the
Spaniards, rallied to this war cry:

“Long Live the Philippines, long live liberty and long live Jose Rizal!”

As Bonifacio’s tribute to Rizal, he

wrote the “Pahimakas” his Tagalog
translation of the “Ultimo Adios”.
APOLINARIO
APOLINARIO MABINI
MABINI
• He was born on July 23, 1864 in
Talaga in Tanauan and died May 13,
1903 due to cholera, Manila.
• He was a Filipino theoretician and
spokesman and the architect of the
Philippine revolution who wrote the
constitution for the short-lived
republic of 1986-1899.
 • Mabini joined the La Liga Filipina
as one of the conservatives in
the formed group: Cuerpo de
Compromisarios, which pledged
to continue supporting the La
solidaridad.

• Like Rizal, Mabini was among the • According to Cesar A. Majul,

Filipino Illustrado reformers who Rizal and Mabini believed that
worked for the assimilation of the “A prerequisite for the
Philippines as a regular province of national community, if it was
spain. But later on, Mabini changed not to perpetuate the abuses
his views and did not remain as a of past, was that, it was to be
pacifist and changed his stand ruled by Reason and Justice”
when he joined the revolution
during the second phase.
 • Rizal and Mabini realized the
• Rizal and Mabini also believed that importance of a Filipino national
Rousseau’s Social Contract community that was secular but
Theory in which the “government tolerant of all religious beliefs.
must have the indispensable Thus, Mabini helped the
consent of the governed.” establishment of the Philippine
Independent Church

• Mabini focused on advocating the • Although they share the same

human rights of the Filipinos. He idea, Mabini was not a
then proposed that constitutional xenophobic or racist or anti-
program of the republic and foreign.
included the Bill of Rights.
 Both Rizal and Mabini
His true Decalogue is: were supreme
“Thou shalt hold thy He also wanted to examples of men who
fellow countrymen use radical reforms are willing to
closer than a because it is sacrifice their
foreigner, seeing in necessary that personal interest and
him, a friend, a people change they always choose
brother, or at least, a radically not only the common good, as
comrade, bound to institutions but also well as following their
thee by self-same joy, the way of thinking set of well-defined
and woes, common and the way people virtues. As a result
desires and common live. they became
fate”. relegated to being a
minor player in the
pantheon of heroes.
 EMILIO
EMILIO AGUINALDO
AGUINALDO
• He was born on March 22, 1869 and
died on February 6, 1964 due to heart
attack at Veterans Memorial Hospital.
• He was a Filipino revolutionary,
politician, and a military leader who is
officially recognized as the first and
youngest President of the United states
and the first President of the
constitutional republic in Asia.
• Due to the fall of Andres Bonfacio the people are in
awe and in need of another leader. Emilio Aguinaldo
assumed the leadership of the revolutionary forces.
He recruited learned and able compatriots like
Pedro Paterno, Filipe Buencamino, Trinidad Pardo
De Tavera, Cayetano Arellano and Antonio Luna.

• Aguinaldo greatly admired Rizal and his values. He

believed in the unity of the people as a pre-requisite
to any successful undertaking. Unfortunately,
revolutionary leaders failed to contribute and unite
that made the Republic fall.
• Rizal and Aguinaldo were believers of one true God.
They were convinced that a supernatural power
behind all of creation had to exist.
• Rizal never wanted war or violence to resolve issues
while Aguinaldo was forced to resort to violence in
order to defend our liberty and independence. He
then declared to the Americans that “Our means are
scarce; but we will continue in this unjust struggle,
bloody and unequal, not from love of war, because
we hate it, but defend our undeniable rights to
liberty and independence…. Pitiable is the war:
Horrible its carnage: unhappy Filipinos are perishing
in the furor of its combats, leaving mothers, widows
and sons.”
Emilio Jacinto
• Described as the “Rizaline soul”

• Rizal’s literary works are

being used as reference to
many ideologies of
Jacinto’s Kartilla (literary
work)
 Similarities to both
literary works
• The Liga: “mutual protection in
every one and necessity.”
• The Kartilla: “one of the first rules
here is true patriotism and mutual
aid.”
• Rights of Man: men are born free,
remain free and equal in rights.
• Kartilla: Men are equal and true
brethren.
• Liga’s objective: defense
against any form of violence
and injustice.
• Kartilla’s exhortation of its
members: to Protect and
defend the oppressed, and
exert the most tenacious effort
investigate.prosecute that is evil.
• Rizal: A life that is not dedicated to a great cause is useless, it is like a
stone lost in the field which should formed that of a building.
• Kartilla: Life which is not consecrated to a lofty and sacred cause is like a
tree without a shadow, if not, a poisonous weed.
 Rizal, One of Emilio
Jacinto’s Inspiration
Through investigation and observing Emilio Jacinto’s
writings, it is true indeed that these concrete proofs
only prove that the “Brain of Katipunan” tried to walk in
the footsteps of Rizal. Hence, Rizal really did a great job
in passing the “baton” that symbolizes his ideologies and
principles which translates very well to his Love for the
country.
 Quezon’s Code
of Ethics
“Faith in divine providence that guides the
destinies of men and women”
“Raise your children to the image of the true
God-the God who cannot bribed, the god who
is not partial; the God who does not fatten on
the blood of the poor, who does not rejoice at
the plaints of the afflicted , and does not
obfuscate the intelligence mind”. - Rizal
To Elders
“I wish that you take care of your parents, serve and love them, as they as they
would like their children to take care of you and love you after wards, when you are
in old age”. - Rizal
“Love and respect your parents, it is your duty to serve them
gratefully and well”. - Quezon
 This proves also on
venerating our Heroes
To Heroes
“I die without seeing the dawn brighten over my native land” you, who have
it to see welcome and nurture it-but don’t forget those who fell during the
night”. -Rizal
“Live up the noble traditions of the people. To venerate the
memory of our heroes, for their lives point the way to duty
and honor”. - Quezon
 How they envision the motherland’s
tomorrow
“Everything points to a brilliant future for all…. Tomorrow we shall be citizens of the
Philippines, whose destiny will be a glorious one, because it will be in loving hands.
Ah, yes, the future is ours! … I see towns arise along the railroads and factories
everywhere, edifices like that of mandaloyon! I here the steam hiss, the trains roar,
the engine rattles! I see the smoke rise there heavy breathing: I smell the oil-the
sweat of monsters busy at incessant toil…. This pure air and these stones now so
clean,… We shall move about rapidly in comfortable coaches to seek in the interior,
other air, other scenes on other shores, cooler temperatures on slopes of the
mountains. FREE FROM THE SYSTEM OF EXPLOITATION, without HATRED OR
DISTRUST, the people will labor because labor will cease to be a despicable thing; it
will no longer be SERVILE, imposed upon a SLAVE”. - Rizal
 How they envision the
motherland’s tomorrow
“Your country is a great country. It has a great past, a great
present and a great future. The Philippines of tomorrow will
be a country plenty of HAPPINESS and FREEDOM. It will be a
Philippines with her head raised in the midst of west pacific,
mistress of her own destiny, holding in her hand the torch of
freedom and democracy and pointing the way to the teeming
millions of Africa and Asia suffering under alien rule. The
Philippines, heir in the orient to the teachings of Christianity
and a republic of virtuous in the righteous men and women, all
working together for better world than the won we have at
present”. - Quezon
 Through Quezon’s Leadership
Being the President
• Institute of national language is established
• December 30 1937, Executive order no 134 passed.
Tagalog – national language.
• July 4 1946, The national language became one of
the official languages of the republic
CLARO
CLARO MAYO
MAYO RECTO
RECTO
Recto’s Works and Contributions

• Rizal Law (Republic Act No. 1425)

An Act to Include in the Curricula of All Public and Private
Schools, Colleges and Universities Courses On the Life, Works
and Writings of Jose Rizal, Particularly His Novels Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo, Authorizing the Printing and
Distribution Thereof, and for Other Purposes.
• Filipino First Movement
“So long as our economic policies remain dependent primarily
on foreign “aid” and investments, and our policy-makers remain
habitual yes-men of foreign advisors, this “aid,” investment and
advice, will be directed toward the retention of the economic
status quo” – Claro M. Recto (1890-1960)
 Rizal and Recto’s Philosophy Connection

Rizal’s criticisms Recto’s reforms

• Reforms are all about the condemnation of
Bondage and slavery of the natives as slaves or workers who depends
conquered (Spaniards) on capitalists or foreign authorities

Making the people ignorant, • His agenda is forming a national sentiment

destitute and fanatic, thus on Filipino patriotism or nationalism in
discouraging the formation of economic policies
a national sentiment

• The control of foreign citizens and

The abuse of power by corporations on the country's economy
means of exploitation thus exploitation on natives led to the
economic industrialization.

Though in comparison, Recto is much closer to Apolinario Mabini. Mabini focused on political philosophy,
while Recto concentrated on political economy. Some of Mabini’s political thought are based on:

• The infusion of liberal ideas from Europe to the Philippines.

• Demand for the abolition of the statute labor, which was perceived as a clear violation of the principle that
all men are equal, increased education and literacy.
• Increased education and literacy of the Filipinos.
 The Filipino Youth - future leaders and
heroes of the Motherland

In many of his writings, the youth was always the concern and
the primary source of inspiration for Rizal. In the poem A La
Juventud Filipina, he challenged the youth to proclaim name
and fame throughout the world. He believed that the quality of
the achievements of the youth reflected on the general
citizenry. In the El Filibusterismo, through the words of Father
Florentino, Rizal showed much hope and expectation from
them.
 END
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