MATHEMATICS 10

Name: ______________________________________ Date: ____________________

Grade: ______________________________________ Section: ___________________

Quarter: 4 Week: 1 MELC: Illustrates the following measures of position:

quartiles, deciles, and percentiles. M10SP- IVa-1
➢ Title of Textbook/LM to Study: Mathematics 10 Learner’s Material
➢ Chapter: 8 Pages: 362-377 Topic: Measures of Position for Ungrouped Data
➢ Objective: To illustrate the following measures of position: quartiles,
deciles, and percentiles for ungrouped data.

Let Us Discover

This Simplified Self-learning Module (SSLM) will help you understand the
different measures of position of a given set of ungrouped data, the quartiles, deciles,
and percentiles. To illustrate these three different measures of position is by
understanding their concepts.
Measure of position - is a method by which the position that a particular data value
has within a given data set can be identified.
Quartiles – are the score points which divide a distribution (arranged in ascending
order) into four equal parts, with one-fourth or 25% of the data values in each part.
The 25% from left of the distribution are below the first quartile (Q1) – lower quartile,
the 50% are below the second quartile (Q2) also known as the median of the
distribution, and the 75% are below the third quartile (Q3) - upper quartile. To find Q2
or the median position of the data set, divide the total number of data values (n) by 2.
If there are an even number of data values, the median is the value that is the average
of the value in the position and the + 1 position. If there are an odd number of data
values, the median is the value in the position. For example, if the data set has 20
values such as
25 3 5 7 11 13 17 3 8 12 21 3 14 23 9 20 21 4 6 5

GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 02.00, Effective April 21, 2021

 First, we arrange the distribution in ascending order.

Q1 Q2 Q3

In the data set above with 20 values, the median is the average of the data
values in 10th and 11th positions. That is the average of 9 and 11, which is 10. Since
the median is also the Q2, therefore Q2 = 10. The first quartile is the median of the first
half of the data set and marks the point at which 25% of the data values are lower and
75% are higher. The third quartile is the median of the second half of the data set and
marks the point at which 25% of the data values are higher and 75% lower. In the data
set above, there are ten data values in each half, so the first quartile is the average of
the values in the fifth and sixth positions. Both of which are 5, so the first quartile or
Q1 = 5 and the third quartile is the average of the values in the fifteenth and sixteenth
positions 17 and 20 respectively, so the third quartile or Q3 = 18.5.

Deciles – are the nine score points which divide a distribution into ten equal parts.

Using the above example,

3 3 3 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 17 20 21 21 23 25

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9
The 1st decile, or D1, is the point that has 10% of the observations below it, D2
has 20% of the observations below it, D3 has 30% of the observations falling below it,
and so on. In the above example, D1 = 3, D2 = 4, D3 = 5, D4 = 7, D5 = 9, D6 = 12, D7 =
14, D8 = 20, D9 = 21.

Percentiles – are the ninety-nine score points which divide a distribution into one
hundred equal parts. Using the same example,

3 3 3 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 17 20 21 21 23 25

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9
P10 P20 P30 P40 P50 P60 P70 P80 P90

The first decile is the 10th percentile (P10). It means 10% of the data is less than
or equal to the value of P10 or D1 and so on. In our example above P10 = 3, P20 = 4,
and so on as the arrow indicated.

GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 02.00, Effective April 21, 2021

 Let Us Try

Problem 1.
In a grade 7 MAPEH class, the weights of the students are the following: 57,
40, 55, 45, 56, 52, 48, 50, 41, 51, 50, 53, 48, 55, 38, 55, 52, 56, 51, 54. Find Q 3, D4,
and P70.

Solution:
a. Arrange the data in ascending order.
___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___
___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___, ___
b. The least value in the data is ___, and the greatest value is ___.
c. The median of the data is ___.
d. The upper quartile (Q3) is halfway from the median to the greatest data value.
Q3 = ___.
e. Fourth decile (D4) is the fourth part of the distribution divided into ten equal parts.
So D4 = ___.
f. P70 is just equal to D7, therefore P70 = ____.

Let Us Do

Problem 2.
The growth (in centimeters) of a certain variety of plant after 20 days is shown
below.

20, 12, 39, 38, 41, 43, 51, 52, 59, 55, 53, 59, 50, 58, 35, 38, 23, 32, 43, 53.

For this information, determine the following:

1. D2 2. Q1 3. Median 4. 7th decile 5. P80

GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 02.00, Effective April 21, 2021

 Let Us Apply

Problem 3.
Aqua Running has been promoted as a method for cardiovascular conditioning
for the injured athletes as well as for others who desire a low impact aerobic workout.
A study reported in the journal of Sports Medicine investigated the relationship
between exercise cadence and heart rate by measuring the heart rates of 20 healthy
volunteers at a cadence of 48 cycles per minute (a cycle consisted of two steps).

The data are listed below:

87 109 79 80 96 95 90 92 96 98
101 91 78 112 94 98 94 107 81 96

a. Find the lower and the upper quartiles of the data.

b. Determine D5 and P50.

Problem 4.
Anthony is a secretary in one big company in General Santos City. His salary
is in the 7th decile. Should Anthony be glad about his salary or not? Explain your
answer.

References

Mathematics 10 Learner’s Material Pages 362 – 377

Mathematics 10 Teacher’s Guide Pages 322 – 331

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GSC-CID-LRMS-ESSLM, v.r. 02.00, Effective April 21, 2021