9

Physical Education
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Sports Officiating
(Common Injury Encountered by
Officiating Officials and Athletes)

1
Physical Education– Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Sports Officiating (Common Injury Encountered by Officiating
Officials and Athletes)
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author: Zet A. Luceño
Editors: Aimee Pedragosa and Karen G. Segayo
Reviewer: Emilia M. Baydal
Illustrator: Leo Bill Y. Paglinawan
Layout Artist: Zet A. Luceño
Management Team: Arden D. Monisit
Nonale Q. Resoor
Susan T. Balbuena
Romel Victor A. Villahermosa

Department of Education Region VII – Division of Guihulngan City

Office Address: Osmeña Avenue, Poblacion, Guihulngan City, Negros Oriental
Telefax: (035) 410-4069 | (035) 410-4066
E-mail Address: guihulngan.city@deped.gov.ph

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 9

Physical Education
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Sports Officiating
(Common Injury Encountered by
Officiating Officials and Athletes)

3
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Good day, dear parents, guardians, or elder siblings! My heart is delighted for
you to have shown your willingness to embrace the new normal by letting your child
continue his or her education despite the threat of the COVID-19 pandemic. And
now, I would like to welcome you to this Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM), which is
believed to be the best option for learning in this current situation. Also, I would like
to inform you that anyone of you can help us bring about the delivery of this learning
material to your child. So, at this point, before you facilitate let me ask you with a
grateful heart to perform the following tasks before you let your son or daughter,
niece or nephew, or foster child to start working on this learning material. These are
as follows;

a. Please orient the learner and support the parents, elder siblings, etc. on how to
use the module.

b. Remind the learner to use activity notebook or separate sheets of paper in

answering the pre-test, self-check exercises, and post-test.

With your 100% participation and assistance, together we will realize the goals and
objectives of this modality.

For the learner:

Hi there my dear 9th grader! Welcome to Grade 9. To ensure the correct

usage of this module, I have here some reminders for you to read and understand.

a. Please do not write anything on this module.

b. Use your notebook in answering the pre-test, self-check exercises, and post-test.

c. Read and understand the directions before performing the activities.

d. Answer all the questions with the observance of HONESTY. e. “I am yours but do
not own me.” Have fun reading and answering and return this module after
performing all the activities.

This module has parts and icons that you need to know.

What I need to Know In this part, you will be able to know the
things that you will learn in this module.

ii
What I Know This is a test given to you to check how
far you know about the lesson to take. If
you get 100% skip the module; if 50%-
99% proceed with module.

This connects the current lesson with the

What’s In previously learned lesson through review
test or exercises.

What’s New This introduces the new lesson through a

story, a poem, song, situation or an
activity.

What is It Discussion of the activity that will help

you discover and understand the concept
that lead to formative assessment.

What’s More Guided and independent activities that

will enforce the lesson learned will be
presented in this part.

What I have Learned It contains questions or fill in the blanks

sentence/paragraph to process what you
have learned from the lesson.

What I can Do An activity will be given that shall transfer

your skills, knowledge gained or learned
into real-life situations.

Assessment This evaluates the level of mastery in

achieving the learning objectives.

Additional activities In this part, you will be given an activity

to reinforce learning.

Answer Key It contains all the correct answers in the

activities of this module.

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 What I Need to Know

Learning Competencies

• Performs appropriate first aid for injuries and emergency situations in

physical activity and sports settings (e.g. cramps, sprain, and heat
exhaustion). (PE9PF-Ib-30)

• Involves oneself in community service through sports officiating and physical

activity programs. (PE9PF- Ie-h-41)

Objectives
At the end of the module, you should be able to:
• Identify the common injuries encountered by officiating officials and
athletes
• Show appreciation to people through involving oneself in physical activity
programs
• Identify the common injuries that may happen during a sports officiating
activity;
• Suggest possible ways to alleviate the suffering of an injured officiating
official; and
• Simulate the application of appropriate first aid techniques to specific
injuries that may occur in a sports officiating activity.

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 What I Know

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer in your PE notebook.

1. What is an injury?
a. a food b. a bruise
c. Where the body is harmed d. brain

2. What is a sprain?
a. broken ankle b. ligaments that are over stretched
c. diabetes d. overuse injury

3. What causes the pain in injuries?

a. type of injury b. Swelling
c. bone d. All of the above

4. Which areas of the body are most vulnerable to sprains?

a. knee, shoulder and hip b. ankles, knees and wrists
c. back, eyes and nose d. all of the above

5. Why people will suffer from sport injury?

a. poor training practices b. appropriate equipment
c. good conditioning d. sufficient warmup and stretching

6. What is a common injury that results from a blow or twist to the knee, from an
improper landing after a jump or from running too hard?
a. Dislocations b. Fractures
c. Knee Injuries d. Sprains

7. What common injury is caused by torn fibers in a ligament?

a. Fractures b. Heat exhaustion
c. Sprains d. Strains

8. What common injury is described as a break in the bone that can occur from
either a quick, one-time injury to the bone?
a. Fractures b. Heat exhaustion
c. Sprains d. Strains

9. What is referred as a joint injury that forces bones out of position?

a. Dislocation b. Fractures
c. Sprains d. Strains

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10. What does C stand for in R.I.C.E. method?
a. Compaction b. Compression
c. Condensation d. Contraction

11. What is an excellent anti-inflammatory substance and it reduces swelling and

pain?
a. Alcohol b. Cloth
c. Ice d. Water

12. What is the best first aid intervention that can be applied in most critical time of
treatment of an injury in the first 24 to 28 hours after the injury happened?
a. Compression b. Elevate
c. Ice d. Rest

13. What is a ligament?

a. Connects bone to bone b. connects bone to muscle
c. Connects skin to muscle d. Connects nerves to muscle

14. What are sports injuries?

a. refer to the kinds of injuries that least common occur during sports or
exercise
b. refer to the kinds of injuries that most common occur during sleeping
c. refer to the kinds of injuries that most common occur during sports or
exercise
d. refer to the kinds of injuries that least unusual occur during sports or
exercise

15. What are the areas of the body that are most vulnerable to sprains? EXCEPT:
a. Ankles b. Head
c. Knees d. Wrists

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 Sports Officiating
Lesson (Common Injury Encountered

1 by Officiating Officials and

Athletes)

What’s In

Let’s assess if you experienced being injured while playing sports or any
experiences wherein

you encountered injury. Copy the template bellow and answer it in your activity
notebook by putting a check mark (/) on your corresponding answer.

Questions Yes No
Have you had any injuries to your knees, ankle or feet?
Have you experienced falling?
Have you experienced playing or running with muscle crumps?
Have you had any fracture or dislocation?
Have you treated someone with fracture or dislocations?
Have you experienced applying hot or cold compress to an injured
person?
Do you perform warm up exercises properly before work out and cool
down exercises after work out?
Have you experienced officiating any sporting event in your area?
Have you had any injuries to your shoulders, elbows or hands while
officiating?
Have you or the athlete on the game that you are officiating been sent
to the hospital for treatment because of dislocation, fracture or any
injury?

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 What’s New

Directions: Compare the pictures below and answer the questions that follow.
Write your answers on your MAPEH - PE activity notebook.

Task 1

Task 2

1. What is the difference between the two pictures in Task 1?

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

2. Are the two pictures in Task 2 show similar types of injury? Explain.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

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 What is It

BASIC FIRST AID

First aid is an immediate and temporary care given to a person who has
been injured or suddenly taken ill. It includes self-help and home care if medical
assistance is not available or delayed.

Objectives of first aid:

● To alleviate suffering

● To prevent added/further injury or danger

● To prolong life

Common Injury Encountered by Officiating Officials and

Athletes:

Sprains vs. Strains

A sprain is a stretch or tear of a ligament, the band of connective tissues that

joins the end of one bone with another. Sprains are caused by trauma such as a fall
or a blow to the body that knocks a joint out of position and, in the worst case,
ruptures the supporting ligaments.

A ligament is a fibrous connective tissue which attaches bone to bone, and

usually serves to hold structures together and keep them stable.

Sprains can range from first degree (minor) to third degree (the worst). Areas
of the body most vulnerable to sprains are ankles, knees and wrists. Signs of a
sprain include varying degrees of tenderness or pain, bruising, inflammation,
swelling, inability to move a limb or joint or joint looseness, laxity or instability.

A strain is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon - a cord of tissue

connecting muscle to bone. It is an acute, non-contact injury that results from
overstretching or over-contraction. Symptoms of a strain include pain, muscle spasm
and loss of strength. While it’s hard to tell the difference between mild and moderate
strains, severe strains not treated professionally can cause damage and lose of
function.

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Knee Injuries

Because of its complex structure and weight-bearing capacity, the knee

is the most commonly injured joint. Each year, more than 5.5 million people
visit orthopaedic surgeons for knee problems. Knee injuries can range from
mild to severe. Less severe would be tendinitis, patella femoral compression
syndrome, iliotibial band syndrome and bursitis, to name a few. More severe
injuries include bone bruises or damage to the cartilage or ligaments. Major
injuries are common to the Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), Meniscus
injuries, Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), Medial collateral ligament (MCL)
and the Lateral collateral ligament (LCL).

Knee injuries can result from a blow or twist to the knee, from improper
landing after a jump or from running too hard, too much or without proper
Fractures
warm up.

Other common sports injuries suffered by athletes are shin splints, Achilles
tendon injuries, patella dislocation and hamstring, quadriceps and calf injuries.

A fracture is a break in the bone that can occur from either a quick,
one-time injury to the bone (acute fracture) or from repeated stress to the
bone over time (stress fracture).

The most common symptom of a stress fracture is pain at the site that
worsens with weight bearing activities. Tenderness and swelling often
accompany the pain. This is very important for the coaches to recognize and
refer the athlete to the trainers or the team physicians.
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Dislocations

When the two bones that come together to form a joint become
separated, the joint is described as being dislocated. Contact sports such
as football, basketball and lacrosse, as well as high impact sports that can
result in excessive stretching or falling, cause the majority of dislocations.
A dislocated joint is an emergency situation that requires medical
treatments.

HOME TREATMENT

For sprains and strains

Minor sprains and strains can be

treated at home. Start treatment as soon as
possible to reduce swelling and speed of
recovery. The less swelling, the more blood
can get to the injured part to start the repair
process. The following measures can be
https://healthengine.com.au/info/trea t-spraine d -ankl e
used to treat sprains and strains:

• Apply the R.I.C.E. method

• Do not apply heat during the first two days as this will only increase
swelling.
• Use paracetamol for the first day of the injury, to reduce pain without
increasing bleeding. Therefore, ibuprofen (or other non-steroidal anti-
inflammatory) or aspirin is a good choice. Don’t give aspirin to a child
younger than 16 years.
• Apply Arnica oil to reduce swelling.
• Remove rings immediately if the injury is to the hand or fingers.
• After 48 hours, start moving the limbs gently, but only enough not to cause
pain.
• Gradually increase the range of movement – let pain be your guide. Strains
usually heal in about a week. Sprains may take up to three weeks to heal.
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For fractures

• Apply the R.I.C.E. method

• Keep the limbs in the position you found it
and place soft padding around the broken
bones. Splint the injury with something rigid,
such as rolled up newspaper or magazines,
to prevent the bones from shifting. Don’t
move the broken bones. Splints must be long
enough to extend beyond joints above and
below the fracture.
• If there is an open fracture, cover it with a clean gauze pad. Apply pressure
to control bleeding. Don’t try to push the bone back into the wound and
don’t attempt to clean it.
• Get medical attention immediately. Fractures of the femur and pelvis may
cause severe internal bleeding.
• Don’t give the person anything to eat or drink in case surgery is needed.

See a doctor if:

• You suspect a fracture or dislocation or if you are unsure of the severity of a
sprain or strain.
• You cannot straighten the affected joint or bear weight on it, or if a joint
feels unstable.
• The skin over the injury area is broken.
• The limb below the injury feels numb or tingling, or is white, pale or blue in
color or feels colder compared to the other healthy limb.
• The ligaments of the knee are injured.
• You injure an area that has been injured several times before.
• Pain is severe or lasts longer than 24 hours, or if swelling doesn’t subside
within 48 hours.
• A sprain or strain doesn’t improve after five to seven days.
• Signs of infection develop.

Prevention
• Many exercise-induced injuries can be prevented. Don’t be a “weekend
warrior”. Get yourself into shape gradually with a graded exercise program.
Listen to your body. Warm up properly and cool off after exercising. Use
proper equipment and the correct technique.
• Use common sense to prevent injury in everyday life. Don’t carry heavy
objects.
Watch where you step. Keep your home safe.

• To prevent falls, older adults should keep their muscles strong by exercising
or doing tai chi.

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R. I.C.E method
* Rest the injured part,
especially for the first 24 to 48
hours after the injury – this is
the most critical time of
treatment. Avoid any activity
that causes pain or makes it
worse. Use crutches if the leg,
foot or ankle is injured.
Support an injured wrist, arm
or shoulder with a sling. Tape
an injured toe or finger to its
healthy neighbor.

* Ice is an excellent
anti-inflammatory and reduces
swelling and pain. Apply an
ice pack or cold compress for
10 to 15 minutes as soon as
possible after an injury.
Repeat each hour for the first
3 or 4 hours, then 4 times a
day for the next 2 to 3 days.
Protect your skin with a thin
cloth. If ice packs are not
available, a packet of frozen
vegetables in a cloth will do.

* Compression also
reduces swelling. Use elastic
bandages for at least 2 days.
Check that the bandage is
snug, but not too tight. Take
the bandage off at night.

* Elevation drains fluids

from injured tissues. Elevate
the injured area whenever you
are sitting or lying down. Try
to keep the injured area at or
above the level of the heart.

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 What’s More

INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY 1

Short Clip!

Instructions:

1. Using your cellphone camera, create a short video tutorial performing or

applying first aid to an injured person (sprains, fracture, knee injuries or
dislocation.
2. You may use methods which are appropriate to the selected injury.
3. You may ask your family members to be your patient or victim in the video.
4. You can send your final video output to your teacher’s email or you can
upload it through Facebook and YouTube for checking purposes. For
outputs uploaded
on Facebook and You Tube make sure you send the link or tag your teacher.

Independent Assessment 1

Directions: Write true if the statement is correct and false if it is incorrect. “The rice
method is used in treating sprains and strains.” And justify your answer. Write
your answers in your notebook.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

What I have Learned

Directions: Answer the following questions in your notebook.

1. Injuries may happen anytime, anywhere. List at least 3 factors that contribute
that can cause injuries. Explain why they can lead to injuries.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

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 2. How important is knowledge and skills in applying appropriate first aid
techniques to an injured officiating official or athlete?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

What I can Do

Essay: Answer in your notebook.

I have learned that

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

I have realized that

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

I will apply
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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 Assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully and use your PE notebook to write your
answers. Write only the letter of your answer.

1. What is a common injury that results from a blow or twist to the knee, from an
improper landing after a jump or from running too hard?
a. Dislocations b. Fractures
c. Knee Injuries d. Sprains

2. What common injury is caused by torn fibers in a ligament?

a. Fractures b. Heat exhaustion
c. Sprains d. Strains

3. What common injury is described as a break in the bone that can occur from
either a quick, one-time injury to the bone?
a. Fractures b. Heat exhaustion
c. Sprains d. Strains

4. What is referred as a joint injury that forces bones out of position?

a. Dislocation b. Fractures
c. Sprains d. Strains

5. What does C stand for in R.I.C.E. method?

a. Compaction b. Compression
c. Condensation d. Contraction

6. What is an excellent anti-inflammatory substance and it reduces swelling and

pain?
a. Alcohol b. Cloth
c. Ice d. Water

7. What is the best first aid intervention that can be applied in most critical time of
treatment of an injury in the first 24 to 28 hours after the injury happened?
a. Compression b. Elevate
c. Ice d. Rest

8. What is a ligament?
a. Connects bone to bone b. connects bone to muscle
c. Connects skin to muscle d. Connects nerves to muscle

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9. What are sports injuries?
a. refer to the kinds of injuries that least common occur during sports or
exercise
b. refer to the kinds of injuries that most common occur during sleeping
c. refer to the kinds of injuries that most common occur during sports or
exercise
d. refer to the kinds of injuries that least unusual occur during sports or
exercise

10. What are the areas of the body that are most vulnerable to sprains? EXCEPT:
a. Ankles b. Head
c. Knees d. Wrists

11. What is an injury?

a. a food b. a bruise
c. Where the body is harmed d. brain

12. What is a sprain?

a. broken ankle b. ligaments that are over stretched
c. diabetes d. overuse injury

13. What causes the pain in injuries?

a. type of injury b. Swelling
c. bone d. All of the above

14. Which areas of the body are most vulnerable to sprains?

a. knee, shoulder and hip b. ankles, knees and wrists
c. back, eyes and nose d. all of the above

15. Why people will suffer from sport injury?

a. poor training practices b. appropriate equipment
c. good conditioning d. sufficient warmup and stretching

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 15
What’s In
Answer may vary
What I have
learned What I know
Answers may vary
1. a
2. b
3. d
What I can Do
4. b
Answers may vary
5. a
6. c
7. c
Assessment 8. a
9. a
1. c
10. b
2. c
11. c
3. a
12. d
4. a
13. a
5. b
14. c
6. c
15. b
7. d
8. a
What’s New
9. c
Answers may vary
10. b
11. a
What’s More
12. b
Independent
13. d
Activity 1
14. b
Answers may vary
15. a
Independent
Assessment 1
Answers may vary
Answer Key
References:
BOOK
________________________________________________________________
Authors: Jose P. Doria, Madonna C. Gonzales, Lawrence Jay Sedilla, Janeth
Cadulang, Raffy Mabiling, Johannsen Yap, and Jorie de la Torre
Physical Education and Health-Grade 9
First Edition 2014
Reprint 2016, 2017
ISBN: 978-971-9601-73-9

ELECTRONIC RESOURCES
________________________________________________________________
http://www.webmd.com/first-aid/ankle-sprain-treatment

http://hssportsblog.projo.com/2006/10/sprains_strains_and_dislocatio.html

https://www.google.com/search?q=r.i.c.e+treatment&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH881PH881
&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiOiJrV2tPrAhXBJaYKHedzD34Q_A
UoAXoECA4QAw&biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=uWU6__ImSGY42M&imgdii=VTmTT
V9fI_K72M

https://www.google.com/search?q=dislocations&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved
=2ahUKEwiWqPDhhdnrAhV7yIsBHY3VDicQ_AUoAXoECBgQAw#imgrc=ofUrOWHI
NVzfWM

https://www.google.com/search?q=knee+injuries&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ve
d=2ahUKEwi6kvzUhtnrAhVhKqYKHdN2DFYQ_AUoAXoECBUQAw&biw=1366&bih=
657#imgrc=1UE5XgH9ZamJSM

https://www.google.com/search?q=fractures&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2a
hUKEwiw-
9TxhtnrAhUJK6YKHeXJBekQ_AUoAXoECBgQAw&biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=hn3
CLO3VQcrpTM

16
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education Region VII – Division of Guihulngan City

Office Address: Osmeña Avenue, Poblacion, Guihulngan City, Negros Oriental
Telefax: (035) 410-4069 | (035) 410-4066
E-mail Address: guihulngan.city@deped.gov.ph

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