Inorganic Chemistry

POST LAB ACTIVITY 2

Syl Eanna N. Suzara, R.Ph.
Objectives:
• To identify the chemical formula of each commonly used chemical
substances.
• To identify the chemical name of each commonly used chemical
substances
• To learn the pharmacologic uses and applications of commonly used
substances.
• To gain knowledge about the chemical properties of each commonly
used substances
Baking soda
• Chemical name: Sodium bicarbonate
• Chemical formula: NaHCO3
Uses:
1. Natural cleanser
2. Antacid
3. Carbonating agent for effervescent preparations.
4. Whitening agent and plaque removal effect
5. Cleansing agent
Liquid bleach
• Chemical name: Sodium hypochlorite
• Chemical formula: NaOCl
Uses:
1. Disinfectant and sterilizing agent in swimming pool
2. For bleaching wood pulp
Dakin’s solution – 5% NaOCl as disinfectant
Topical solution – 0.025% NaOCl
Labarraque’s solution – 2.5% NaOCl
Borax
• Chemical name: Sodium borate/ Sodium tetraborate / Disodium
tetraborate
• Chemical formula: Na2 [B4O5(OH)4] 8H2O / Na2B4O7 10H2O
Uses:
1. Component of many detergents, cosmetics and enamel glazes.
2. It is used to make buffer solutions.
3. Used as fire retardant
4. Anti-fungal component
Cream of tartar
• Chemical name: Potassium hydrogen tartrate/ Potassium bitartrate
• Chemical formula: KC4H5O6
Uses:
1. Use as baking and cleaning solution.
2. Saline Cathartic
Epsom Salt
• Chemical name: Magnesium sulfate
• Chemical formula: MgSO4
Uses:
1. Use as a component of bath salts
2. effective in removal splinter
Freon
• Chemical name: Chloroflourocarbons
• Chemical formula: CFC
Uses:
1. Used as refrigerants and as aerosol propellants.
GYPSUM
• Chemical name: Calcium sulfate dihydrate
• Chemical formula: CaSO4 2H2O
Uses:
1. Used as fertilizer
2. Also a constituent in many forms of plasters
3. Blackboard chalk and wallboard
Laughing gas
• Chemical name: Nitrous oxide
• Chemical formula: N2O /NO
Uses:
1. Used in surgeries and in dentistry
Lye
• Chemical name: Sodium hydroxide
• Chemical formula: NaOH
Other names: Aka caustic soda, soda lye, sosa lye
Uses:
1. Saponifying agent
2. Used to cure many types of food
3. Acid titration
4. Preparation of glycerin
Milk of Magnesia
• Chemical name: Magnesium hydroxide
• Chemical formula: Mg(OH)2
Uses:
1. Common component of Antacid
Muriatic Acid
• Chemical name: Hydrochloric acid
• Chemical formula: HCl
• Strong acid
• Other name: Spirit of sea salt
Uses:
1. Important chemical reagent
2. Industrial agent
Diluted Hydrochloric Acid – 10% w/v
- Treats gastric achlorhydria and hypochlorhydria
Oil of vitriol
• Chemical name: Sulfuric Acid
• Chemical formula: H2SO4
• 94% - 98%
• Strong acid
Uses:
1. Use in the production of detergents
2. Dehydrating agent
3. Oxidizing agent
4. Sulfonating agent
Oleum – Commercial form of H2SO4
Plaster of Paris
• Chemical name: Hydrated calcium sulfate
• Chemical formula: CaSO4 ½ H2O or 2CaSO4 H2O
Uses:
1. Widely used as a support for broken bones
Fool’s Gold
• Chemical name: Mineral pyrite or iron pyrite
• Chemical formula: FeS2
Uses:
1. Superficial resemblance to gold
Table sugar
• Chemical name: Sucrose
• Chemical formula: C6H12O6
Uses:
1. Sweetening agent
Table salt
• Chemical name: Sodium chloride
• Chemical formula: NaCl
• Other names: Sea Salt, Rock salt, Solar salt, Asin
Uses:
1. As seasoning agent
2. Electrolyte replenisher
• Sodium Chloride – 0.9% NaCl
• Ringer’s solution
• Lactated Ringer’s solution
• Darrow’s solution
• Oral Rehydration salt
Salt substitute
• Chemical name: low sodium table salt
• Chemical formula: NaCl, KCl
Uses:
1. Commonly used in meat and poultry products.
Slaked lime
• Chemical name: Calcium hydroxide
• Chemical formula: Ca(OH)2
• Other names: Hydrated lime, Milk of Lime
Uses:
1. Topical astringent
2. Emulsifier
3. Component of soda lime
Dry ice
• Chemical name: Cardice
• Chemical formula: solid CO2
• Other names: Carbonic Acid gas, Aer Fixus
Uses:
1. Cooling/Refrigerant agent
2. Respiratory stimulant
3. Treats acne, warts, corns
Trona
• Chemical name: Trisodium hydrogendicarbonate dihydrate / sodium
sesquicarbonate dihydrate
• Chemical formula: Na2CO3 NaHCO3 2H2O
Uses:
1. Common source of soda ash
2. Used to condition water
3. Used to remove sulfur from flue gases and coals
4. Used as food additive