DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. PA-HGl-M/02 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C.

PA-HGl-M/01
HGl : Temperature, Heat and Intemal Energy HGl : Temperatw:e, Heat and Internal Energy

6. < BKCE 1989 Paper II - 20 > The following list of formulae may be found useful :
A heater supplies energy to a liquid of mass 0.5 kg and specific heat capacity 4000 J kg""1 0C-1 contained in a vessel of
negligible heat capacity. Amu:iw that the heat exchange with the SUIIoundings can be neglected. If the temperature of the Energy transfer during heating or cooling E= mcb.T
liquid rises from 10°C to 70°C in 100 s, the power of the heater is
A. 200W
B. 1200W Part A : BKCE examination questions
C. 1400W
D. 12000W
1. < BK.CE 1980Paper II - 15>
7. <BKCE1992Paperll-20> When a mercury thermometer is immersed in melting ice and then in steam, the lengths of the mercury thread in the stem are
respectively 2 cm and 22 cm. When the thermometer is put in a water bath, the length of the thread is 11 cm. What is the
temperature of the water bath ?
A. 40°C
B. 45 °C
C. 50 °C
D. 55°C
Heater
< HKCE 1984 Paper II - 13 >
Water
2.
An equal quantity of heat is supplied to each of the following substances and the corresponding rises in temperature are
recorded. Which of the following substances has the smallest specific heat capacity?
In the diagram shown, the water is :initially at room temperature. The electric heater is switched on for 300 s and then
switched off. Which of the following graphs correcily describes the variation of the reading of the thermometer ? Substance Mass (kg) Rise in temperature {°C)
A Temperature/"C B. A. p 2.5 5
B. 3.0 4
r.±b: c
Q
4.5 3
. :I-. R
D. s 5.0 3

3. < BKCE 1986 Paper 11-16 >

�:'. �--, . ,.•
The heat capacity of an object depends on its
200 600 Time / s 200 400 600 (1) material
(2) mass
D (3) shap e
. Temperature/ °C
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) & (2) only
D. (2) & (3) only

4. <HKCE 1987 Paper II- 25 >

zoo 600 Tbne/ s Which of the following pairs of objects have different specific heat capacities ?
400
A. l kg ofwaterand2kgofwater
8. <BKCE 1993 Paper 11-18> B. 1 kg ofliquid naphthalene and 1 kg of solid naphthalene
C. 1 kg of oil in a glass container and 1 kg of oil in a metal container
An energy of 16500 J is supplied to a metal block of mass 0.5 kg and its rise in temperature is 64 "C. The specific heat D. 1 k g ofwater at 15°Cand 1 kg ofwater at30°C
capacity of the metal is
A . 16500x0.5 Jkg""l<>C-1 B. 16500 x 64 Jkg'"l cc-1
64+273 05 5. < HKCE 1988 Paper Il-12>
C. 1650 0 Jk g-l oC-l D. 16500 Jkg""' oc-1 The graph shows the relationship between temperature and ti.me temperature / °C
64x 05 (64 + 273) X 0.5 when 1 kg ofa liquid is heated by a 500W immersion heater.
Assuming no loss of heat, what is the specific heat capacity of 60 ----------------------
•• < HKCE 1993 Paper II - 16 > the liquid 1
40
Water is used as a coolant in motor car engines because A. 0.01 Jk g-1 oc-1
A water has a low specific heat capacity. B. 250 J kg-I oc-1 20
B. water has a high specific heat capacity.
C. water has a low specific latent heat of vaporization. C. 420 J 1cg-1 oC-1 +
0< '----+----110--+,-- -�• time/ s
D. water has a high specific latent heat of vaporization. D. 2500 J kg'"1 0C-1 0 1 20
 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. PA-HGl-M/04 DSE Physics - Section A : MC. PA-HGl-M/03
HG1 : Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy HGI : Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy

1s. <HKCE 1998 Paper n- 21 > 10. < HK.CE 1994 Paper II - 16 >
Temperature / °C
An equal amount of energy is supplied to each of the following substance. Which one of them has the smallest rise in
25 ----------------------- temperature ?

20 Substance Mau/kg Specific heat capacity / J kg'"1 0c-1

15 A. p 1 4200
B. Q 2 2300
10 C. R 3 2200
5 D. S 4 900

o '-----------�---+
20 40 60
Time/s
11. <HK.CE 1995PaperlI- 18 >
The graph shows the variation of the temperature of liquid with time when the liquid is heated by a 400 W heater. The mass Which of the following statements about heat is/are true ?
of the liquid is 2 kg. Find the specific heat capacity of the liquid. Assume all the energy given out by the heater is absorbed
(1) Heat is used to descnDe the total enetgy stored in a body,
by the liquid.
A. 83 Jkg""l cc-1 (2) Heat is used to descnDe the energy transferred from one body to another as a result of a temperature difference
B. 480 Jkg-t oc-1 between them.
1
C. 1200 J Jcg-1 oc - (3) A body's interoal. energy is increased when it is heated.
D. 2400Jicg-1 0C-1 A. (1) o,Jy
B. (2) only
C. (1J & (3) only
16. < BKCE 1998 Paper ll-19 > D. (2) & (3) only
Which ofthe following statements about internal energy, heat and temperature is/are true?
12. < HKCE 1996 Paper n- 18 >
(1) The intemal energy of a body is a measure of the total kinetic energy and pctential energy of the molecules in the
body. Which of the following phenomena concerning water can be explained by its high specific heat capacity ?
(1) Water is used as a coolant in car engines.
(2) Two bodies ofthe same temperature always have the same amount ofintemal energy.
(2) Inland areas generally have hotter summers and colder winters than coastal areas of similar latitude and altitude.
(3) Heat is a measure of the energy tnmsferred from one body to another as a result of temperature difference between (3) The body temperature of human beings changes slowly even when the surrounding temperature changes sharply.
the two bodies. A. (2) only
B. (I) & (2) only
A. (1) only
C. (1) & (3) only
B. (2) only
D. (1), (2) & (3)
C. (1) & (3) o,Jy
D. (2) & (3) only
13. < HK.CE 1997 Paper II -19 >

17. <HKCE1999Paperll-16> The apparatus is used to find the specific heat capacity of a
liquid. Which of the following can improve the accuracy of
To power supply
Thermometer
the experiment?
(1) Take the final temperature of the liquid immediately Cup
after switching offthe power supply.
(2) Cover the cup with a lid.
(3) Stir the liquid throughout the experiment. Liquid
A. (1) only
B. (1) & (2) only
C. (2) & (3) only
D. (1),(2)&@)
Temperature
14. < HKCE 1997 Paper n- 20 >
Equal masses of liquids X, Y and Z are separately heated. The graph shows the variation of the energies absorbed by the
liquids with their temperatures. Let ex, ey and cz be the specific heat capacities ofX, Y and Z respectively. Which of the An heater with a power of 100 Wis used to heat 0.3 kg ofa liquid which has a specific heat capacity of 2000 J kg-1 0C--1 •
following relations is correct? Ji the initial temperature of the liquid is 23°C, find its temperature after 2 minutes. Assume all the energy given out by the
heater is absorbed by the liquid.
A. cx = e y>cz
B. 03x2000x23x2 o
cx =
ey<ez A. (� + 23) °C B. ( ) c
03x2000 100
C. cx < cv =
ez
IO0x120x03 • 03x2000 'C
C. D
D. cx>cv cz ( 2000 +2 3) c 23)
=
. <1oox120 +
 DSE Physics - Section A: M.C. PA-HGl-M/06 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. PA-HGl-M/05
HGl : Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy HG 1 : Temperature, Heat and Inte.tna1 Energy

Questions 21 and 22 : The specific beat capacity of a metal is measured using the following method: 18. <BKCE 2000 Paper n- 22>
An objectP bal;. a higher temperature than. another object Q. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Step 2: ! Hotmetalblock (1) The internal energy ofP must be higher than that of Q.
/n (2) The specific heat capacity ofP must be higherthan that of Q.
i� Cup (3) There will be a heat flow from P to Q when they are in contact.
Thennometer A. (3) only
B. (1) & (2) only
d w"°' C. (2) & (3) only
D. (1), (2) & (3)
A metal block is first immersed in boiling water for some time. The block is then transferred to a cup of cold water. After a while,
the temperature ofthe water is measu:red.
19. <RKCE 2000 Paperll- 20 >

21. <HKCE 2002 Paper Il- 20 > Equal amount of four difierent liquids are separately heated at the same rate. The initial temperatures of the liquids are
all 20 °C. The boiling points and specific heat capacities of the liquids are shown below. 'Which one of the following liquids
The result ofthe experiment is as follows : will boil first?
Mass of metal block= 0.8 kg
Liquid Boiling point/ 0C Specific heat capacity/ J i.g-1 0 C-1
Mass of water in the cup = 0.3 kg
Initial temperature of water inthe cup = 23° C A. p 50 1000
FinaltemperatureofwaterintheCllp = 38"C B. Q 60 530
c. R 80 850
Find the specific heat capacity offue metal (m J k:g-1 CC-1).
(Given: Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J !qf 0C- 1 ,)
1
D. s 360 140

A. 236
B. 381 20. <HKCE 2001 Paperll-17 >
c. 622
D. 9S3

22, <BXCE 2002 Paper 11-21> Immersion heater

...--Copper block
The result obtained in the last question is found to be higher than the true value of the specific heat capacity of the metal.
Which oftbe following is a probable reason?
A. Some bot water is still adhered to the metal block when the block is transferred to the cold water.
B. Some energy is lost to the sun;oundings when the metal block is transfmcd to the cold water.
C. Some energy is absorbed by the cup. The apparatus shown is used to measure the specific heat capacity of a cylindrical copper block. The result of the experiment
D. The temperature of the metal block is still higher than 38 °C when the final temperature of the water in the cup is is as follows :
mo""""1 Mass ofcopperblock mkg
Initial temperature 21 °c
23. < BKCE 2003 Paper ll-19 >
Final temperature 47°c
Ifthere is no heat flow between two bodes when they are in contact, then the two bodies must have the same
Initial joulemeter reading R,J
A. temperature.
Finalj oulemeter readlllg
B. intemal energy.
R,J

C. specific heat capacity. Which of the fol lowing expressions gives the specific heat capacity of copper in J kg·l 0C- 1 ?
D. specific latent heat ofvaporization. m(Ri_ -Ri )
A.
26

24. < HKCE 2003 Paper ll- 22 > B. R,-R,_

26m
A student uses an electric kettle to heat 0.5 kg of water at 20°C. The water boils in 4 minutes. Estimate the output power of
the Jrettle. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J kg"1 0C-1• R,_ -R,
A. 175W c.
26m
B. 700W
C. 875W
D. m(R, ·R,_)
D. 1400W 26
 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. PA-HGl-M/08 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. PA-HGl-M/07
HGl : Temperature, Heat and Int.emal Energy HG1 : Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy

30. <BKCE2010Paperll-33> 25. <HKCE2007PaperII-10>

The figure shows the t=pcerature-time graph oftwo objectsXand Y Four liquids P, Q, Rand Swith the same mass are heated Temperature/ °C
Temperature/ °C
when they are heated at the same power. Which of the following at the same rate. The graph below shows the variation of
deductions are correct ? X their temperatures with time.
(I) The heat capacity ofX is smaller, Which liquid has the highest specific heat capacity?
(2) IfX and Y are made of the same material, the mass of X y A. p
is smaller.
B. Q
C. R
(3) The specific heat capacity ofXis smaller. '-------➔
o
Time/ minute
D. S
A. (1)& (2) oruy
B. (I)& (3) oruy
c. (2) & (3) only
D. (1), (2) & (3)
26. < BKCE 2008 Paper II-35 >
What physical properties does the temperature ofan object represent?
31. <HKCE201IPaperil-8> (1) A measure of the degree ofhotness of the object.
Two liquidsXand Y are heated by two different heaters. The energy supplied, the mass of the liquid and the temperature (2) A measure of the intemal energy of the object.
rises are recorded as follows.
(3) A measure of the average kinetic energy ofthe molecules of the object
Liquid¾ LiquidY A. (1)& (2) on1y
:Energy supplied/ J 24000 18000 B. (I) & (3) oruy
C, (2) & (3) oruy
Mass/kg 0,3 02 D. (1), (2)& (3)
Telllperature rise/ "C 20 25

Wbich of the following statements are correct? 27. < HK.CE 2008 Paper II -10 >
(1) The heat capacity ofXis larger than that ofY. A 100 W immersion heater is used to heat 0.5 kg of water, which is thennonleter
(2) The specific heat capacity ofXis larger than that of.Y. being stirred by a stirrer. After 3 minutes, the water temperature
(3) Toe heat capacity ofX determined remains the same if the experiment is repeated by doubling the mass ofX increases from 25°C to 30°C. What is the estimated energy loss in this
A. (!)& (2) on1y period? Given: specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg--1 °C-1 stin'er
B. (!) & (3) on1y A. 7500 J

beaker--16�.!::'.:J
C. (2 ) & (3) on1y B. 10500 J
D. (1),(2)&(3) C. 18000 J
D. 285001

28. <HKCE2009Paperll-9>
Part B : Supplemental exercise Which of the following descriptions about internal energy are correct?
(1) Different masses ofwater at the same temperature lwve the same amount of.internal energy.
32. What is the advantages ofusingniercury in a liquid-in-glass thermometer? (2) A copper block has greater interoal energy when it is hot than when it is cold
(l) It expands evenly with rise .in temperature. (3) Water at 0°C has greater internal energy than a block of ice of the same mass at OOC.
(2) It is liquid over a convenient range. A. (1) & (2) only
(3) Itis mmsparent. B. (!)& (3) on1y
A. (!) & (2) only C. (2) & (3) only
B. (1) & (3) only D. (!), (2) & (3)
c. (2) & (3) on1y
D. r), (2) & (3)
29. <BK.CE 2009 Paper II-33 >
A bottle of 0.5 kg water and a bottle of 0 .75 kg water have been stored in a refrigerator for a few days. Which of the
33, Which of the following can increase the heat capacity ofa cup of water? following statements are correct?
(I) Increase the mass of the water (1) The temperatures of the two bottles of water are equal.
(2) Increase the temperature of the water (2) The average kinetic energy ofthe water molecules in the two bottles is equal
(3) Change the water to another cup (3) The total potential en.e:rgy ofthe water molecules in the two bottles is equal
A. (1) only A. (I) & (2) only
B. (3) only B. (1) & (3) only
C. (1) & (2) only C. (2) & (3) on1y
D. (2) & (3) on1y D. (1), (2) & (3)
 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. PA-HGl-M/10 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. PA-HGl-M/09
HGl : Temperature, Heat and Jnterna1 Energy HGl : Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy

41. 34. What happens when a cup of water at room temperature is heated 'I
R/fJ.
(1) An increase in the total nwnber of water molecules
8.4 (2) An increase in molecular size
(3) An increase in the average kinetic energy of the molecules
A. (1) only
3.6 --------------------- B. (3) only
C. (!) & (2) only
�-------�-+8!°C D. (2) & (3) only
0 100
The variation of electrical resistance can be used to determine temperature . Suppose a thermistor has resistances of 8.4 n 35. Which of the following physical properties cannot be used to measure temperature?
and 3.6 0 at ice point and steam point respectively, Assume that the change of resistance with temperature is unifonn as
A. Liquid volume
shown in the figure . W'hat would be the temperature if the resistance of the of the metal wire is 5.8n?
A. 42"C B. Resi.statlce ofmetal
B. 46°C C. Mass
C. 54"C D. Gas pressure
D. 58°C

36. The length between the 0°Cmarkand·tbe lO0"Cmark is 20 cm. 'When the mercury level is S cm below the l00"C mark. the
temperature is
A. 25°C
B. S0°C
Part C : HKDSE examination questions c. 60°C
D. 75°C
42. < BKDSE Practice Paper IA - 2 >
In the figure below, a training pool B is located next to the main pool A. The training pool B has a smaller area and is 37. When a mercury thermometer is immersed in melting ice, the length of the mercury thread is 2 cm. When it is put into the
shallower. If the pools are underthe sunlight at the same time, which of the following statements about the rise in the water steam above boiling water, the length of the thread is found to be 24 cm. What is the difference between each 1°C mark on
temperature of the two pools is correct? Assume that the initial water temperatures of the pools are the same. the thennometer 'I
A. 0.22cm
B. 0.24cm
training poolB C. 2.20cm
D. 22.0cm

main poolA 38. Heat is supplied at the same rate to equal amo1mt of water and oil placed in similar containers. The temperature of the oil
rises faster. Which of the following is the possiDle reason 'I
A Oil has a lower density than water .
B. Oil has a higher boiling point than water.
C. Oil bas a smaller specific beat capacity than water.
D. Oil evaporates less readily than water.
A. The water temperature of training poolB rises faster because it is shallower.
B. The water temperature of training poolB rises faster beeause it has a smaller surface area.
39. It talces 8 minutes to raise the temperature of2 kg of a liquid by 40"Cusing a 2.5 kW heater . How long would it take to raise
C. The watertemperature of main pool A rises faster because it is deeper. the temperature of 4 kg of the liquid by 20C " using a 5.0 kW heater? (Assume no heat loss to the surroundings.)
D. The water temperature of Illall1 pool A rises faster because it has a largersurface area. A 2minutes
B. 4minutes
C. 16 minutes
43. < BKDSE Practice Paper IA - 3 > D. 32minutes
Peter adds 50 g of milk at20°Cto 350 g of tea at 80°C, what is the final temperature of the mixture?
Given: Specific heat capacity ofmilk = 3800 J kg -1 0C -1 40. A beaker contains 0.5 kg of water at 60°C. A cup containing 0.3 kg of water at 18°Cis poured in1D the beaker. When the
Specific heat capacity oftea = 4200J kg-1 OC-1 mixture reaches the final common temperature, 200 J ofheat is lost to the surroundings. Calculate the final temperature of
the mixture. Given : specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J kg-1 "C- 1 •
A. 50.0°C A. 3S.6�C
B. 72.5°C B. 44.2°C
c. 73.l °C C. 48.5°C
D. 77.4°C D. 54.2°C
 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. PA-HGl-M/12 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. PA-HGl-M/11
HGl : Temperature, Heat and Inlemlll Energy HGl : Temperature, Heat and In1emlll Energy

47. <.BKDSE2015PaperIA-2> 44. <HKDSEPracticePaperIA-1 >

The graph below show how the electrical resistance R of three different circuit elements change with temperature B. Whicli
X of the cireu.i.t elements can be used to measure temperature ?
y
80 (1)

60

40

20

o�---------• ti,
(2)
Two objects Xand Y are heated separately by heaters of the same power. They are made of the same material, The graph

·�·"
shows the variation of temperature 0ofX and Ywith time I. What is the ratio of mass ofXto that of Y?
A. 3: 1
B. 2: I
C. 1 :2
D. 2:3

( 3)
48. <HKDSE 2020 Paper IA-2>

An electric kettle which ccntains I kg of water at room temperature takes 168 s to heat up the water to
boiling point. The kettle's rated value is '220 V, 2000 W'. Assume that all the electrical energy
consumed by the kettle is 1Iansf<rred to the water. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Given: specificheatcapacityofwater=4200Jkg-1 'C-1 A (1) only
B.
C.
(2) only
'6,.,,
(1) & (3) only
(!) The initial temperatureofthewateris20 'C.
(2) The resistance of the kettle's heating element is about 24 n. D. (2) & (3) only

(3) Ifthe electric kettle is operated with llO V. the time taken to heat up the water to boiling
point
will be doubled. 45. <BKDSE2012PaperlA-1>
Two metal blocks X and Y of the same mass and of initial temperatures 40 °C and 30°C respectively are in good thermal
A. (!}only

I I
eontact as shovm.. The specific heat capacity ofXis greater than that of Y. Which statements is correct when a steady state is
B. (3)only reached? Assume no heat loss to the smroundings.
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (!), (2) and (3) 40'C 30'C

BlockX Block Y
A. The temperature ofblockX is higher than that ofblock Y.
B. Their temperature becomes the same and is lower than 35°C.
C. Their temperature becomes the same and is higher than 35°C.
D. Their temperature becomes the same is equal to 35 °C.

46. <HKDSE201SPaperlA•3>
'When two objects P and Qare in contact, heat flows fromPto Q. P must have a higher
(1) temperature.
(2) intemal energy.
(3) specific heat capacity.
A. (1) ooly
B. (3) only
C. (1) & (2) only
D. (1) & (3) only
 DSE Physics • Section A : MC. Solution PA-HGl-MS/02 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. Solution PA-HGl-MS/01
HGl : TemperatUre, Heat and Internal Energy HGl : TemperatUre, Heat and Intemal Energy

HKEAA's MatkiDg Scheme is prepared for tho mad:ets' refetence. It should not be :regaroed as a set of model answetS.
6. B Students and 1eachers who are not illwh'edin tbe.znar.kmg process ate advised to int:elpretthe Madcini: Scheme with cme.
By E=Pt=mcl::.T
M.C. Answers
P (100) = (05)(4000)(70-10)
P= 1200W 1. B 11. D 21. B 31. A 41. C
2. D 12. D 22. A 32. A 42. A
7. D 3. C 13. C 23. A 33. A 43. C

At time= 300 s, the heater is still hot and still transfers heat to the water 4. B 14. A 24. B 34. B 44. D
:. water temperature rises fora short while as shown in C and D 5. B 15. C 25. C 35. C 45. C

A short while after the heater switched off, water starts to cool down,
6. B 16. C 26. B 36. D 46. A
the temperature of water drops and finally equals the initial room temperature asshowh in D.
7. D 17. D 27. A 37. A 47. C
8. C 18. A 28. C 38. C 48. C
8. C
By E=mct:.T 9. B 19. B 29. A 39. B
c = _!E_ = � Jkg-1 oc-1
10. C 20. C 30. A 40. B
m·aT 0.5x64

M.C. Solution
9. B
Water, withbigh specific heat capacity, can absorb large amoun.t of the heat in the engine. I. B
:. Waterisused ascoolant. By 0 £-£a 0 11-2 0 = 45"C
WO
=
e ioo -.e o 100 = 22-2
10. C
By E=mct:.T 2. D
1
:. M'=_!_�_l_ By c=_!_oc--
m•c m·c m-!::,.T m·l::,.T
:. The smallest rise in temperature corresponds to the largest product of mass and specific heat capacity. :. The smallest specific heat capacity corresponds to the largest product of mass and rise in temperature.

:. R would be the substance with the smallest rise in temperature. .·. S would be the substance with the smallest specific heat capacity.

11. D 3. C
X (1) lntemal energy is the total energy stored in a body, heat is a process to transfer energy. As heat capacity = mass x specific beat capacity ( C = m c)
✓ (2) It is the definition of heat Heat capacity depends on mass m and the material c but does not depend on shape.
✓ (3) When a body is heated, energy is transferred to the body and its internal energy must increase.
4. B
12. D A Same type of material (water) bas the same specific beat capacity.
✓ (1) Water has a high specific heat capacity to absorb beat in car e.ngines. ✓ B. Different states of the same substance have different specific beat capacities.
C. Specific heat capacity is independent of the container
✓ (2) Since water has a high specific beat capacity, its temperature change is smaller
and thus coastal areashave less change of temperature D. Specific beat capacity is independent of the temperature
while inland areashave larger change of temperature between summer and winter.
✓ (3) Since human beings contain large amount ofwater and water bas a high specific heat capacity, 5. B
therefore, body temperature changes more slowly than the surroundings. By B=Pt=mc!::,.T (500) (20) = (1) , (60 - 20) c = 250 J kg-1 "C-1
 DSE Physics · Section A : M.C. Solution PA-HGl-MS/04 DSE Physics · Section A : M.C. Solution PA-HGl -MS/03
HG1 : Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy HGl : Temperature, Heat and Interruu Energy

20. C 13. C
Since E=mcl::,,T (1) Heater is still hot and still ttansfersheat to the liquid after switched off
Thus the temperature should not be taken immediately
(�-R1) = mc(47-21)
but should wmt for a short while until the liquid reaches the final temperature.
✓ (2) Covering the cup with a lid can reduce energy loss to surmundings and improve the aceuracy
✓ (3) Stirring can ensure uniform temperature ofthe liquid
21. B
Heat lost by the metal block = heat gained by water
14. A
By E""Pt = mc/J.T
(0.8) '> (100- 38) - (03) (4200)(38- 23) (100)(2 x 60) - (0.3)(2000)(T- 23)
Cl,= 381 J�l "C-1
T=(�+23) 0c
0.3 x2000
22. A

By q,=m., c,,, !::..Tw

15. C
mbMi, By E= Pt= mcliT
✓ A Ifsomehotwatcr is adhered to the metal block, l::,.Tw is greater and thus Cb is higher than the true value. .. (400)(60) = (2), (25-15)

B. Ifsome energy is lost to the surroundings, !:.Tw is smaller and 1:lrus Cb should be lower than the true value. c = 1200 J kg-1 0C-1

C. Ifsome energy is absorbed by the cup, LlTw is smaller and thus ci, should be lower than the tru.e value.
16. C
D. If the temperature of the metal block is stillhighertban 38°C when the water reaches 38°C,
✓ (1) It is the dclinition ofintemal. energy.
heat gained by the water is smaller and thus 4.Tw is smaller :. ci, should be lower than the true value.
(2) Two bodies of different masses have different internal energy even if they are at the same temperature.
✓ (3) It is the definition of heat.
23. A
Heat must flow from a body ofhigher temperature to a body oflower tempetatu:re until they are at the same temperature.
17. D
Ifthere is no :heat flow, the two bodies must be at the smne temperature.
As E""mcAT

slope = ..!!_=mco::c
24. B
ST
E = m c Af' = (0.5)(4200)(100-20) = 168 000 J
As slope ofX > slope of Y "" slope ofZ
P = §_ = 168000 = ?00W cx>ey = cz.
I 4x60

18. A
25. C
(1) Internal energy also depends on mass of the body and the type of material.
ByE=Pt= mc!J.T
(2) SinceP and Qare two different objects, they should have clifferent specific heat capacity.
Slope = !J.T =
t
L
me
ec ..!.
c
✓ (3) Heat would always flow from a body ofhigh temperature to another body of lower-temperature.

Since R bas the smallest slope, R has the highest specific heat capacity c. 19. B
By E=Pt=mc!:.T
26. B
:. t = � o:: c-liT
✓ (1) Temperature is a measure of the degree ofhotness of an object. p
(2) Internal energy depends on temperat'll:re, but also depends on mass, material and state. where ATis the difference oftemperatures between the boiling point and 20° C
✓ (3) Temperature and average kinetic energy ofthe molecules are int.er-related. Among the four liquids, Q has the smallest c /J.T, thus Q boils fust.
 DSE Physics • Section A : M.C. Solution PA-HGl-MS/06 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. Solution PA-HGl-MS/05
HGl : Temperature, Heat and Inrernal Energy HGl : Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy

33. A 27. A
✓ (1) Heat capacity = mass x specific heat capacity Q) E = Pt= (100)(3 x 60) = 18000 J
(2) Heat capacity is independent of the tempetature ofthe object
Heat capacity is independent of the container
"' E = m c !::.T = (0.5) (4200) (30 - 25) = 10500 J
(3)
@ Energy loss = 18000-10500= 7500 J

34. B
28. C
(1) Total number of water molecules should remain unchanged.
(1) Internal energy depends on the mass ofwater,
(2) Molecular size would not in.crease when temperature is increased.
water of greater mass contains more internal energy.
✓ (3) When water is heated. its temperature increases; thus the average K.E. of water mokcules increases.
✓ (2) Jntenwl energy depends on temperature,
water ofhigher temperature contains more intemal. energy.
35. C
✓ (3) Internal energy depends on tlte state,
✓ A The expansion of liquid causes the liquid volume to increase with temperature
water at liquid state contains more internal energy than that in solid state.
✓ B. Resistance of metal increases with temperature.
X c. Mass remaios constatlt when temperature increases.
29. A
✓ D. Gas pressure in a fixed container increases with temperature.
✓ (!) After a long time, the temperature of the water should be same as the environmental temperature,
i.e. temperature inside the refrigerator, thustheir temperatures should be equal
36. D
✓ (2) Average kinetic energy depends on the temperature, thustheir average KE is equal
Ifthe mercury level is 5 cm below lOOoC marl., then it is 15 cm above 0 °C mark.
8 15 (3) Total PE depends on the state, and also depends on the number of molecules,
By.!._=� 0=7s oc
100 £100 -£ 0 100 = 20 the bottle containing greater mass of water has more molecules, thus it has more total PE.

30. A
37. A
Length of mercmy thread between 0 c mark and 100 C mark
° °
= 24 - 2 = 22 cm ✓ (1 ) ByE=Pt=CAf' :.slope= = fccl.
6.T

tC C
Length of mercury thread between each 1 "C marlc = � = 0.22cm ObjectXbas greater slope, thusXhas smaller beat capacity C.
100
✓ (2) If they are made of the same material, they have the same specific heat capacity c.
38. C By C = me oc: m AI> XhasthesmallerC,Xbasthe smaller massm.

By E=mc/::.T X (3) As the two objects may have different masses, their relation of specific heat capacity c C3mlot be known.
a smaller value of specific heat capaci1,y c causes a greater :rise of temperature AT.
31. A
39. B ✓ (1) C= ..§._ Cx=�=1200J 0C-1 and Cy = �=720J 0C- 1 :. Cx>Cy
AT 20 25
By E=Pt=mcAT
✓ (2) c = 2- .. ex= 24000 = 4000 Jkg'"tcc-t and ey= 18000 = 3600Jkg-1cc-1 :. cx>ey
mct:.T
t=--oc--
mAT .t = 3-.Ei..� m•AT 0.3x20 0.2x25
p p t, m, 6T,
(3) Heat capacity depends on the mass. If the mass is doubled, the beat capacity will also be doubled.
(8) = (2). (40). (5.0) .. t i = 4 minutes
(4) (20) (2.5)
32. A

40. B ✓ (1) Mercury expands uniformly when temperature rises.

Heat lost by the bot water= beat gained by the cold water + beat lost to surroundings ✓ (2) Mercury :remains as liquid at least from 0°C to 100 °c which is suitable for our daily application.

.-. (O.S)(4200) (60- 0) = (0.3)(4200) (0-18) + (200) :. e= 44.2 °c X (3) Mercury is opaque.
 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. Solution PA-HGl-MS/08 DSE Physics - Section A : M.C. Solution PA-HGl-MS/07
HGl : TemperatUre, Heat and Internal Energy HGl : Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy
47. C 41. C
By Pt= mct:,,B
0 = S .B-S. 4 x 100 = 54°C
3.6-8.4
Since the two objects are made of the same material, they have the same specific heat capacity c.

For the same time t and same power P,

42. A
mx.:tny = t.0y:tl8x = (60-40):(60-20) = 20:40 = I :2
✓ A. Since pooIB is shallower, the mass of water is Jess, by E-:. m c t:,,T, the rise of temperature is taster.

B. PoolB absorbs Jess solar energy due to the SJDaller surface area.
it is not the reason for the faster rise ofteinperature.

C. Since pool A is deeper, the mass of water is more, thus the rise oftemperatw:e should not be faster.

D. Although pool A absorbs more solar energy due to latger sur:face area,
larger surlace area also implies more mass, thus fue rise oftemperature cannot be faster.

43. C
By conservation of energy and assume no heat lost to the container and SUirOUil.ding air.
Heat gained by the milk "" heatlost by the tea

(0.050) (3800)(0-20) • (0.350)(4200) (80- 0)

.. 0 = 73.1 °C

44. D
(1) Since the resistance is constant and does not change with the ten:Jperature, it is not suitable.
✓ (2 ) As the resistance increases with the temperature, it is suitable to be used to measure temperature.
✓ (3) As the resistance decreases with the temperature, itis suitable to be used to measure temperatm:e.

45. C
At steady state, the temperature must be the same.
By conservation of energy and assume no heat lost to the surroundings.
Heat lost by blockX = heat gained by block Y
mcx.ATx = meyt:J'y

:. ex > cv :. ATx < aTy

Thus, the final temperature should be closer to 40 °C, that is, higherthan35 °C.

46. A
✓ (!) Heat must flow :from object ofhighedemperature to that oflower temperature.
Thus, temperature of Pil'.lllSt be higher than that ofQ.

(2) A body may have less internal energy than another body but higher temperature.
Thus, no conclusion can be drawn about the internal energy ofP and Q.

(3) The specific heat capacity depends on the material

Different specific heat capacity would not affect the direction of flow of heat
I DSE Physics - Section A : Question
HGl : Temperature, Heat & Internal Energy
PA-HGl - QI 02 II DSE Physics - Section A : Question
HGl : Temperature, Heat & Internal Energy
PA-HGl-Q/01

2. < BK.CE 1986 Paper I - 4 > The folloWUlg list of formulae may be found useful :
The below figure shows the apparatus which may be used to measure the specific heat capacity ofwater.
Energy transfer during heating or cooling E= mco:I'

--ti
Part A : BKCE examination questions

1. < HKCE 1984 Paper I - 4 >

12V O'
To joulemeter TCIIlperature / °C
0 0 �
Polystyrene cup Them,mn'°"' Low voltage supply
Thexmoroeter­
(a) Draw a simple diagram to show how the apparatus can be set up for the experiment. Lid -

Ill�-+-"'-

LiquidX

(b) The following are readings taken in the experiment: (7 marl<,)

Theratingoftbe heater 12 V 40W The figure 1 above shows an experimental set-up to find the specific heat capacity of a liquid. The liquid X, contained in the
Mass ofwaterused = 200 g plastic cup, is heated from room temperature by an innnersion heater. The energy transferred through the beater is measured
by ajoulell1eter. The heater is switched on for 330 sand then switched off. The variation ofth.e temperature of the liquidX
Initial temperature ofthe water 25.1 °C with time is plotted in a graph shown in figure 2.
Final temperature of the water 53.2cc
(a) After the heater is switched off. the temperailtte of the liquid rises for a while and then falls. Bxplajn why. (3 marks)
Time taken to heat up the water 10 minutes

(i) Calculate the specific beat capacity of water as measured from the experiment, given that the waq:t is we11-stined
throughout the experiment.
(b) What is the maximum increase in the tempcmtnre ofliquidX in this experiillent ? (2n,,,h)

(ii) Give two reasons vvby a polystyrene cup should be used in the experiment.
(c) The initial and final readings ofthejoulemeter are 74050 J and 83770 J respectively. The mass of the liquid Xis 0.2 kg.
What is the specific heat capacity of the liq:uid, as fuund from this experiment 'l Assume the heat capacity of the
apparatus and the heat lost to the SUIIoundings are negligible. (4 marks)

(iii) Why should the water be stirred throughout the experiment ?

(d) Although the plastic cup is made of poor conducting material, some energy is still lost to the swroundings. Should the
(c) Descn"be, with the aid ofa diagram, a method to check whether the power output of the heater is 40 W. Show how the result obtamed in (c) be higher or lower than the true value of the specific heat capacity of the liquid X? Explam.
actual power output of the heater can be calculated. (5 marks) briefly. (3 marks)
Diagram

(e) If a student forgets to cover the plastic cup with the lid, would he expect the maximum increase in temperature to be
higher than, equal to or lowertha:o. the value obtained in (b)? Explain briefly. (3 marks)
 at Diagram.

3 6
48.8

1 0 1 0 1

(5
 ---
°

°
�t}:t�:'}1:X�­
�;;{}<JBftf?:f·
°

:):i:j:J:
l ofE 025 t= O '=

t""O t=240
1 l

is &against tyou

X.

°
(E)

E/kJ 53

Y X
° ofE m
asL.
 PA-HGl-Q /09

Part B : HKDSE examination questions

3
°

,,_,

ary

°
 DSE Physics - Section A : Question PA-HGl-Q/12 DSE Physics - Section A : Question PA-HGl-Q/11
HG 1 : Temperature, Heat & Jntemal Energy HGl : Temperature, Heat & Jntemal Energy

11. <.RKDSE 2015 Paper IB-1 > 10. < IIKDSE 2014 Paper m -1 >
A metallic resistance theonometer is cahOrated at standard atmospheric pressure for the melting point of ice and the steam temperature/ °C
point ofboiling "Water. The dotted calibration line in the figure below represents how the resistance of the thenno:ineter varies
with temperature if a linear resistanc�temperature relationship is assumed. The solid curve shows how the resistance of the
thermometer actwJ.ly varies with temperature. The deviation of the curve from linearity has been exaggerated in the figure.

To power
resistance
"'!'Ply

--- ---
metallic resistance

___.___________,.____..,.. temperature/ °C
-20 20 40 60 80 JOO 120

(a) (i) Using the resistances at the cahDration points tabulated below, calculate the expected resistance at 60 °C if the time /min
resistance varies linearly with temperature. (2 marks)
The above figure shows an experimental set-up to find the specific heat capacity of a metal. The metal block is wrapped by
insulatingmaterial. A heater is connected to a power supply. It is switched on when the temperature of the metal block is
temperature / "C resistance/ n
20°c and then switched offwhen the temperature reaches 43 °C. The graph shows the variation of the temperature of the
metal blo ck with time.
0 102.00
(a) Use the graph to find the duration time that the heater is switched on. (I =kl
100 140.51

(b) After the heater is switched off; the temperature of the metal block continues to rise for a while. Explain why. (1 mark)

(c) Given: mass o fthemetal block= 0.80kg; heater voltage = 12 V; heaterCWTent=4.0A.

(ii) Now if the resistance of the resistance thennometer is the value found in (a) (i), is the actual temperature higher
than. lower than or equal to 60"C? (1 mark) (i) By considering the maximum temperature rise o f the metal block, calculate the specific heat capacity of the metal
as found from the experiment. (2 i:narks)

(b) In an experiment to detennine the specific heat capacity of water c,.., Peter used this cahOrated resistance thermometer to
measure the temperature of water being heated from 0 °C to 60"C. Heating was stopped when this thermometer's
resistance reached the value found in (a) (i). Assuming negligible heat exchange with the surroundings:, no error in (ii) Would your result be the same, higher, or lower than the actual value of the specific heat capacity of the metal ?
measurl:tig the energy supplied and the mass ofwater, explain whether the experimental value of c., found is higher than, Explrun . (2maw)
lower than or the same as the actual value. (2 mmks)

(d) This method is not suitable for measuring the specific heat capacity of a glass block. Explain. (1 marlc)
 DSE Physics-SectiorA :Question PA-HGl-Q/14 DSE Physics-SectiorA :Question PA-HGl -QI 13
HG 1 : Tffi!)i,rature, Heat & IntemaJEnergy HG 1 :Tffil'.llIB1:ure; Heat & IntemalEnergy
13. <HIDSE 2017PaperlB-l> 12 < HKDSE 2016 Paper lB-1>
c
Read 1i:e folloril:g x:assage ah::ut .n1 thenrmeter and azl.SllleI'. 1i:e � 1lBt fulla The foll.o,m:g ei:perinmta1 iia'rs a:e ll[O'lided tr� 1re � rest OJP:city ofbrooze o!,,

abrmze ,${:iEre' of mass 0.80 kg hung wi1h a thnHi a: room ·teiiera:lllre· 'J; o
The teqeratute·, of sil � with d!ptb_ and ibis infCl1oatioo. is iq:ortant t> :fmers aD.i �. To DE:aSUre
s:il � a: d:¢hs � ti 1re grc(md, smm. 1te btlb of a 1:henoctooter , is b:lrie::1 :in 1re ru
Tlie stem of 1h a JDl.ystynre ClP' � 0. 50 kg of IIErler a!: room �tute 'Io
1iErlro etei' is hintoo·:!i:reasy
:rarlirg Figure 1a is a s:iielEatic diagram and Figure lb shows a Jinto of a ID a water l:si:h mintairm at 80 · C

t' . ...,..
atl,aro,,eter

l
tellp::rature � A, ,i& lali �i,)';,11.1 \lll,l'§:lj_F a.
a-1

(a) Descril:e 1i:e prccedures of 1i:e �t and stile TWO � �- t:, 1:e ta<aJ. Write down an
Figure 1 e:ie,ticn :fir fmiing /:'\!
Slil Given: :;prific b:st Oll,lcity of water= 4200 Jkg-1 ·c-:1 tll mrts)

Oil

For � gnster 1hn 30 CD, a sifd. pi:i:e is drivm into 1re sil '(Fitv,:ri �; and a � the:ranneter wit a
Jlt)'il:di\'e g1¥ c:ase is lCJl!leted in!o 'Ire sbel pi:i:e (Figure ai). The btlb of 1re therll:cmrter is embed ed in�
ax {Pip' _ 3:i). To red 11'.e � 1l:e thenoc:meter is liflai wt of 1ie se1. pii:e by JJJ,llirg 1i:e dain

,roundsmfuce

protective
Slil glass case
cham

Figure 2 ,'

tbern,omete,c
bulb embedded
lD.para:fljnwax

(b) The valoo of o. fcmi in 1te �- in® is IC11ler"· fun 1i:e ailJal '\o'Blm.. &,ipJain_

(a) A.s shown in Figure lb 1i:e rulb of 11:e sil �ter is vezy 1::1:JJ;: compared ti 1m:e of common il:euDictexs.
Sq;igest a reas:o :li:r 1bis dsig:i. 0 mark)
 DSE Physics - Section A : Question Solution PA-HGl-QS/01 DSE Physics - Section A : Question PA-HGl-Q/15
HGl : Temperature, Heat & Internal Energy HGl : TOO\PCfature, Heat & Internal Energy
BXBAA's Marking Scheme is pmpan,a. for the :mas:kcr&' tcfe:reince. It should not be regarded as a set ofmodel an&wen.
Students and teachers who are not involved in the ma:rkmg process are advised to intetpret the Marking Scheme wi1h care. 13. (b) On a certain moming, the air temperature is 15°C. An observer takes a measurement of the soil temperature at 1 m
deep . The thcnnometer ICading is 20°C. It is given that the mass of the paraffin wax enclosing the thennometer bulb is
Question Solution O.D15 kg, and the specific heat capacity ofparaffin wax.is 2.9 x 103 Jkg"" 1 0c-,I.

(i) Calculate the energy loss of the paraffin wax. as it cools down to the air temperature. (2=ks)
I. (a) After switching oft; the heater is still.hot. [!]
Energy continues to transfer to the liquid. UJ
After a 'While, heat is lost to the SUtTouru:Iings, thus tempetature drops. [I]

(b) Mmcimlltllincreaseintemperature = 86-32 [I]

= s4°c [!] (ti) It is known that the paraffin wax enclosing the bulb of the thennometer gains or loses energy at a constant rate of
0.5 J s�t, estimate the time taken for the paraffin wax to reach the airtctnperature a:fier the tbemwmeter is lifted out
of the soil. (2 m arks)
(o) E = mc/':..T [I]
(83no - 74050) = (0.2) c (54) [2]
:. C""900J kg-10c-1 [I]

(d) ffigho, [!] (iii)· If there is no paraffin wax enclosing the bulb ofthe thermometer, explain.how the thennozneterreading as recorded
by the observer is affected. (2 marks)
More energy is required to raise the same temperature of the liquid. [2]

(e) Sm,llo, [I]

More energy is lost to surroundings [2]

2. (a)

<heater.immersed in water> [I]

< heater connected to power supply > [I]
< therroometer immersed in water> [I]

(b) (i) Heat transferred to water :

E = 40x60x10 ""'240001

Increase in temperature :
b.T = 53.2-25.1 ""28.1°C [I]

By E=mc!J.T [I]
(24000) = {0.2) C (28.1)
;, C = 4270 Jkg'°1 0C-l [I]
14 <HKDSE2019PaperlB-l>
(ii) A student used the following method to find the heater's operating power P: remove the heater from
tbe container and record the temperature of fue 16 kg of soup after IO minutes. It is. found that the
(•) AniuSlllatedcontainerofnegligibte 11,stcapscity- u kgofteaara leo1!>...-ofoO•C.
temperature has dropped 9 °C Estimate P< (3 marks)
(i) What ma,s of i<e at 0 'C ,mould be add,d to tho tea so that lb, :liD!II temp"""""' of ibe mi>tUre is
low=d to 10 'C ? Assume tharthe specific boat oopaoity oftoo is tho same as that of-or. (3 made,}
Given:,;,e<ifu:latentheat of fusion of i<e~3.34 x lo' l kg1 (iii) If the student repeats the measurement after another l 0 minutes, would the corresponding temperature
specific heat capacity of water= 4200 J kg-1 0C-1 drop be larger than. equal to or smaller than 9 °C '? Explain. (2 mnrks)

(ii) Snggest OIU moclification to tliis bag 1hat would enhance its ability to koep things s!a'cd inm� at a
. lowt<mperature. {1 mark}

15. <HKDSE2020PaperlB-l >

In a restaurant. 'wontons ·rn soup• is prepared by putting S pieces of cooked wonton at 4 °C into a. bowl with
0.60 kg of soup at temperature% 'C.
Given: average mass of each piece of wanton = 0.02 kg
specific heat capacity of wonton = 3300 J kg-1 0c 1
-
specific heat capacity of soup = 4200 J kg - 1 0c- 1

(a) Find the final temperature of the mixture. Assume that the heat capacity of the bowl and the heat loss to
the surroundings are negligible. (2 marks)

-(b) The soup in (a) is taken from a metallic container of heat capacity 2000 J 0C-1 containing 16 kg of soup
niaintained at 96·°C by an immersion heater.
(i) Why does that energy hove to be supplied by the heater to keep the soup et 96 'C 7 (I mark)
 . DSE Pbysics - Section A : Question Solution PA-HGl-QS/03 DSE Physics - Section A : Question Solution PA-HGl-QS/02
HGl : Temperature, Heat & Internal Energy HG1 : Temperature, Heat & Internal Energy

3. (c) (i) (Il) E =mct..T 2. (b) (ii) Energy absorbed by the polystyrene cup is small since its heat capacity is small. [l]
= (1.6)x(4200)x (100-20) [!] Energy lost to the surroundings is small since polystyrene is a poor conductor ofheat [!]
= 5376001 [!]
(iii) To ensure that the temperature of water is unifonn. [ 1]
(ii) (D There is heat lost to SU1TOunding air. [!]
(o)

ti
@ Some heat is used to heat up the kettle. [l] [l]

(d) © Water can be used as coolant in motor car. [!]

@ Water causes the temperature ofthe sea to change much more slowly than that ofthe land. --
-- ----
Thus the coastal areas have relatively cooler summer and warm.er winters than inland areas. - --- -
The- heater is connected to the power supplytbrough ajoulemeter. [!]

4. (a)
The energy given to the h.eater Eis found by recording the initial and final readings of the joulemeter. [l]
Temperature/"C
The time taken tis found by a stop-.watch.. [!]

The power output of the heater is found by p = !!.... [!]

3. (a) It means that the energy needed to increase the temperature of 1 kg of water [!]

4-0 through l "C is 4200 J. [!]

(b)
Joulertieter Power supply [!]

30
Heater
W,re,
Thermometer
Polysl;Yrene cup

(b) Put known mass of water, m, into a polysty.rene cup and then put the heater and thermometer into the water. [IJ
20
12 15 18 The heater is then connected to the power supply through a joulemeter
and the energy E given out from the heater is recorded. [I]
< Correct scales > [!]
< Conect labelled axes with units> [!] The increase of temperature t:.T is recorded by using the thennometer. [l]
< Correct points for the curve of flask A> [!] The specific heat capacity of water is then found by c = _,!__ [l]
< Correct points for the cwve of flask B > [!] m·l:,.T
< 2 smooth curves fitted to the points> [!] (c) (i) (I) E =Pt

(b) The rate of heat lost by the gas to the surroundings [!] = (1000) X (14 X 60) [l]
is just e!F,Utl to the rate of heat absorption from the sun. [!] = 840000] [!]
 DSE Pbymcs - Section A : Question Solution PA-HGl-QS/05 DSE Physics - Section A : Question Solution PA-HGl-QS/04
HGl : Temperature, Heat & Internal Energy HGl : Temperature, Heat & Internal Energy

5. (e) No. [I] ( c) Temp.mture rise offlaskA = 48.8- 28.0 = 20.SQ C

4. [I]
Woodis apoor conductor ofbeat. (OR Wood is not a good conductor of beat.) [I] Energy absorbed by carbon dioxide in flask A = m c /::.T
The wood cannothave \lilllonn teoiperature throughoutthe wood. Ul = (Q. 00196) X (640) X (20.8) [I]
(OR Different parts ofthe wood would have different temperatures . [I]
= 26.1 J UJ
Energy absorbed by air :in flask B = (0.00125) x {740) x (46.0 - 28.0) = 16. 7 J [I]
6. (a) :. FlaskAabsOibsmoreenergy [I]
(d)
10 (d) (i) Temperature rises. [I]

(ii) © Plant more trees. [I]

OR
Stop deforestation. [l]

@ Any ONE of the followings : [I]

* Use less fossil fuels.
* Use alternate sourc:es of energy.
* Save electricity.
* Use less private cars.

5. (a) Connect ajoule'metertotbe beater from the power supply. (I]

Measure the initial and final readings of the joulemcter. [I]
The difference of the readings is the energy supplied by the heater. [l]

4
f
:;::::;-1:::::=:::::::ropower
Jo-alenlclet
supply
[I]

Heater
3

{b) By E=mcbT [I]

2 (12300) = (l)c(41-29)

[I]

(c) There is heat lost to surroundings, [I]

so the energy supplied by the heater is greater than the actual energy absorbed by the metal. [2]
OR
0 ti'
3 6 12 21 There is heat lost to surroundings, [I]
<Labelled axes with units > [I] so the temperature rise ofthe block is smaller than that if all the energy supplied is absorbed by the metal. [2]
<Conect scales > [I]
< Cotrect points plotted> (d) <D SUJTound the metal block with insulating material. Ul
Ul
<Conect curve> [I] @ Put some oil in the holes to ensure good thennal contact between the heater, thermometer and the meta.L [I]
 DSE Physics - Section A : Question Sohltion PA-HGI-QS/07 DSE Physics - Section A : Question Solution PA-HGI-QS/06
HG1 : Temperature, Heat & Internal Energy HGl : Temperature, Heat & Internal Energy

7. (b) (i) <Twoaxeslabelledwithcorrectunits> [I ] 6. (b) (i) E=Pxt = 2200x240 [!]

< Correct scales used > [I] 528000] [1]
<Points correctly plotted> VJ
(ii) E = mc/J.T = (I)x(4200)x(l00-27) VJ
<Best fitted line drlt-Hn > [I]
306600 J [1]

(ii) Slopeofthestraightline"' {S.3-0 . )x!& ""24500

4
[!] (iii) Aay TWO of the following: [2]
0.20
* Some energy is lost to the surrounding.
ByE=mclT+Eopp [I]
* Some energy is absorbed by the egg.
: .E=c6.T·m+Eopp (compa:redwithy = mx+c)
* Some energy is absorbed by the pot
: . slope = ct{!'
(c) No, the time would not be lengthened. [!]
(24500) = , (JO)
& the temperature of water remains at 1oo•c, [!]
c "" 2450 Jkg-1 0C'1 <accept 2300 to 2600 Jkg"" 0c-1 > [I]
1
the rate of energy absorbed by the egg remains unchanged. [!]

(iii) Heat absorbed by the apparatus = y-intercept (d) <Tb.ecw:vehasasteeperslope than (a)> [!]
"' OAkJ <accept 0.2 to 0.6kJ> [I] < The curve reaches 100°C eveotnally> [!]

(iv)< Binney-intercept> [!]

<Straight line with slope smaller as c is smaller, slope = c l::,.T> [I]
7. (a) To reduce the heat lost to the SlllTOundings. [!]

(b) (;J
E!kJ
8. (a) Pat the thermometer into the vvatel:to measm:e its initial temperature Ti. [!]
Put the beaker of water into the oven andtllnl on the oven. [1]
5
Use the stop watch to reccrd thefune of heating t. [1]

Take out the beaker ofwater from the oven.

Put the thennometer into the water to measure its final temperature T2. 4

Precautions/ assu.m.ptions : (]',JJ.y ONE of the followings) [!]

* Do not use the thermometer to stir the water.

* The heat capacity ofthe beaker is negligible compared with that of water. 3

* The heat lost to the sm:roundings is negligible.

* The energy given out by the microwaves is completely absorbed by the water .
2
<Use a sfurerto well stir the water is not acceptable, as no stirrer is provided>

Outputpower = (0.2)xcx(1;-1;) [I]

where c is the specific heat capacity of water

(b) Some energyis absorbed by the beak.et. OR Some energy is lost to the surrounding rot. [!]

(c) The percentage of energy Jost would be smaller iflarger quantity of water were used. [1] ..:·•·::i�:!:- :i--Ff-:� :
o . m/kg
This measure would improve the accuracy ofthe experiment 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20
 DSE Physics - Section A : Question Solution PA-HGl-QS/09 DSE Physics - Section A : Question Solution PA-HGl-QS/08
HGl : Temperature, Heat & Inrernal Energy HG1 : Temperature, Heat & Internal. Energy
12. (a) Put the sphere into the waterbath for a few minutes. [l]
9. (a) m = pV= l000xl.5 = 1500kg [l]
Transferthe sphere into thepolystyl'ene cup of water. [l]
t
Measure the fuial temperature Tr of he water with a thermometer.
E"' mc!::.T x(l-15%) [l]
[l]
= (1500) (4200) (80 - 60) X (1 - 15%)
By (0.80) x Cb x (80- Tr) = (0.50) x (4200) x (Tr - To) [l]
=1.07x108J [l]
.• Cb = 2625 X r,-fo
80-T r
(b) E•Pt
PreCSlltions:
*
(1.07 X 10s:i = (4.5 X 103) t [l]
Dry the sphere withthe towel quickly beforeputting it into the cup.

*
[I] .·. t"" 23778s = 6.60b.ow <accept6. 61homs> [l]
Stir the water to ensure uniform tempeuture ofwater. [l]
(c) The rate ofbeat transfer drops as the water temperature drops. [l]
(b) Any ONE of the followings: [1] OR
* Some heatis lostduringthe transfer
*
The rate of heat traru,fer d:rops as the temperature difference drops. [l]
Some heatis lost duringthe dzying ofthe sphete

* Some beatis lostto the aI)paratus (thernromcter, stirrer or cup)

* The temperatw:e ofthe sphere is still higher than Tr when this final temperature is measured 10. (a) Time= Sminutes <accept300s> [l]

Thus, the temperaturerise of water m the cup is lower than it shouldbe. [l]
(b) When the heateris switch off, its temperature is still higher thatt the metal [l]

(c) (i) P =VI"" (12)(4.0) = 48W [l]

13. (a) Alargebulb increases the sensitivity ofthe ther.mOllleter. [l] By Pt=mc!::,.T

.-. (48)(5, 60) • (0.80), (45 • 20)

(b) (i) E = mc4T
;. c=720Jkg-l<>C'l [l]
- (0.015) X (2.9 X 103) X (20-15 ) [l]
= 217.5 J <accept 218 J> [l] (ii) The calculated value is higher than the actual value. [l]

(u) ByE=Pt Since energy is lost to the surroundings. OR Some energy is absorbed by the heater and the thermotneter. [1]

•·. (217S) • (05) t OR

[l]
Not all the energy supplied by the heater goes to the metal. [l]
:. t=435s <accept436s> [l]
d
() Glass is not a good conductor ofheat OR The heat conductivity of glass is poor. [l]
(lll) The thermometer would cool down quickly when it is in direct contact with the cooler air. [l]
The temperature reading wouldbe less than the actual soil temperature. [l]

ll. , ( i) R-R, 0-0

( ) [l]
Ri oo-Ri =ioo:o
R-102.00 60
140.51-102.00 - 100
:. R = 125.1060 <accepredl25.11O OR 1250 > [l]

°
(:UJ Actual temperature is lower than 60 C. [l)

(b) Since the actual temperature is lower than 60 °C when beating stops, [I]
OR
The energy supplied is actually lower than it should be, [l]

thus, the experimental value of c.,, is lower than the actual value. ( c.., = �) [I]
m-U
14 <HKDSE20!9Paper!B-1 >