ĐẢO NGỮ

S+V+O
=> Trợ động từ + S + V
I. Đảo ngữ với trạng từ
Adverbs of manner (trạng từ chỉ cách thức)
- She cooked the meal perfectly
=> Perfectly did she cook the meal.
- He sang beautifully.
=> Beautifully did he sing.
- They have finished their homework excellently.
=> Excellently have they finished their homework.
Adverbs of time (trạng từ chỉ thời gian)
- Jasmine often goes to school by bus.
=> Often does Jasmine go to school by bus.
- They used to visit their relatives twice a year when they were young.
=> Twice a year did they use to visit their relatives when they were young.
Trạng từ chỉ tần suất (mang nghĩa phủ định)
Never, Hardly, Rarely, Seldom, Little,...
- I never drink milk tea for fear that I will get fat.
=> Never do I drink milk tea for fear that I will get fat.
- I knew little about chemistry.
=> Little did I know about chemistry.
- She rarely spends time on playing video games
=> Rarely does she spend time on playing video games.
Adverbs of place (trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn)
- Alex stood on the table.
=> On the table stood Alex.
- The summer comes here.
=> Here comes the summer.
II. Đảo ngữ với So/ Such
So + adv/adj + trợ động từ + S + V + that......
Such + (a/an) + adj + N + trợ động từ + S + V + that......
- The watch was so costly that I could not afford it.
=> So costly was the watch that I could not afford it.
-  It was such a beautiful day that we could not just stay inside the house.
=> Such a beautiful day was it that we could not just stay inside the house.
III. Đảo ngữ miêu tả 2 hành động cùng xảy ra sát và kế tiếp nhau sau 1 lúc
No sooner + had + S + Ved/V3 + than + S + Ved/V2: vừa mới… thì
Not until + had + S + Ved/V3 + that + S + Ved/V2: mãi đến khi
Scarely/Hardly + had + S + Ved/V3 + when + S + Ved/V2: ngay khi... thì
No sooner had I gone out than it began to rain.
Scarely had she returned her hometown when she found out the truth of her father’s death.
Hardly had he finished English Communication Course when he recognized how important
English was for his life, job and prospective future. = Not until had… that…
Until/ till+ clause/ adv of time+ trợ động từ + S+ V
I didn't know that I had lost my key till I got home.
=> Till I got home did I know that I had lost my key.
IV. Đảo ngữ với Not only... but... also....
Not only + trợ động từ + S + V but... also....: không những… mà còn
He not only sings beautifuly but he also plays the piano well.
=> Not only does he sing beautifully but he also plays the piano well.
V. Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện
Loại 1 If + S + V(s/es), S + will + Vo
=> Should + S + Vo, ......
Loại 2 If + S + Ved/2, S + would + Vo
=> Were + S + to Vo, ......
Were + S + N/adj, .....
Loại 3 If + S + had Ved/3, S + would + have + Ved/3
=> Had + S + Ved/3, .......

VI. Đảo ngữ với ONLY

Only once/ Only later/ Only then/ Only in this way + trợ động từ + S + V
Only after/ Only when + S + Ved + trợ động từ + S + V
Only by/ Only with + N/Ving + trợ động từ + S + V
Only in + N + trợ động từ + S + V
Only if + Clause, trợ động từ + S + V
- Only once did I meet her.
- Only in this way can the project be done quickly.
- Only when the show ended could she go to the bathroom.
- Only after all guest had gone home could we relax.
- Only with courage could we finish our challenge.
- Only by practicing E every day can you speak it fluently.
- Only in Vietnam did they see such beautiful landscapes.
- Only if she was not sick, could she attend the concert with her friends.
VII. Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No
Cụm từ có No + trợ động từ + S + V
No where: không nơi nào, không ở đâu
On no condition = On no account: dù bất cứ lí do gì cũng không.
Under/ in no circumstances = At no time = Never
For no searson: không vì lí do gì
In no way: không sao có thể
No longer: không còn nữa
By no means: hoàn toàn không
Eg:
For no reason shall you play truant.
The money is not to be paid under any circumstances. 
= Under no circumstances is the money to be paid.
On no condition shall we accept their proposal.
No where in the VN is the cenery as beautiful as that in my country.
No where do I feel as comfortable as I do at home.
No where can you buy the goods as good as those in my country.
VIII. Đảo ngữ với No hoặc Not any
No + N + trợ động từ + S + V
Not any + N + trợ động từ + S + V
I will not lend you any more money since you haven’t pay me back last time
=> No more money will I lend you since you haven’t pay me back last time.
hoặc Not any money will I lend you since you haven’t pay me back last time.
IX. Đảo ngữ với : With/ only/ under/at/when/in:
You can get success only under that condition.
=> Only under that condition can u get success.
 You should not call the police under any case/ circumstance.
=> Under any case/ circumstance should you not call the police.
=> Under no cases/ circumstances should you call the police.
X. Đảo ngữ nhấn mạnh động từ. = Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh động từ
S + trợ động từ + Vo
I stayed at home yesterday.
=> I did stay at home yesterday.
I hope to see you soonest in the coming time.
=> I do hope to see you soonest in the coming time.
EXERCISES

1. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating club.

- Seldom....................................................................................................................

par’ticipate

‘fascinate

2. He will not be offered the job under any circumstances.

- Under no circumstances ...........................................................................

3. If he comes there by car, he may get troubles

- Should.............. ..............................................................................................

4. He was so sad to fail the exam that he didn’t want to go out

- So...................... ...........................................................................................

5. If only they had phoned me, I could have come

- Had.............. ....................................................................................................

6. When he entered the house, the police arrested him.

- Hardly had he entered the house when the police arrested him.

7. She has rarely traveled more than fifty miles from her village.
- Rarely................................................................................................................

8. You must on no account lift heavy weights like that again

- On no account.........................................................................................................

9. There are no temples like these anywhere else

- Nowhere else..........................................................................................

10. When he went out, it started raining

- No sooner..... ...............................................................................................

11. He finished reading “The thorn bird”, and started reading “Gone with the wind”

- Hardly...... ..........................................................................................................

12. It is not worth considering his suggestion for a moment

- Not for a moment..... .........................................................................................

13. If you had given it in on time, you would have got a high mark

- Had................. ...............................................................................................

15. I was never shown how to operate the machinery

- At no time.......................................................................................................

16. John didn’t celebrate until he received the offer of promotion in writing

- Not until.......... ...........................................................................................................

17. I have never seen such a mess in my life

- Never in....... ....................................................................................................

18. It was only when I left home that I realized how much my mother meant to me

- Not until......... ........................................................................................................

19. The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard everyday

- Only by........ ..............................................................................................................

20. They had to wait for 12 hours before the flight left

- Only after..... ..........................................................................................................

21. I didn’t realize who he was until later

- Only later..... ...........................................................................................................

22. He never suspected that the money had been stolen

- Never .... .......................................................................................................

23.I only realized what I had missed when they told me about it later

- Only when ..... ...........................................................................................................

26. You can buy this book only in this shop

- Only in....... ..............................................................................................................

27. My teacher is no longer teaching in this school

- No longer....... ............................................................................................................

28. She has never seen such a beautiful sight

- Never..... .................................................................................................

29. I got no help from him

- No help......... ........................................................................................................

30. You should not travel alone under any circumstances

- Under.............. .....................................................................................................

31. I know little about computers

- Little........................... .........................................................................................

Rewrite these sentences, using SELDOM, RARELY or LITTLE.

seldom = less frequent

rarely = close to never

littile = hardly ~ never

1. One rarely find good service these days.

................................................................................................

2. She has rarely traveled more than fifty miles from her village.

................................................................................................

3. It is very unusual for a military campaign to have been fought with so little loss of life

...........................................................................................

4. It is unusual for the interior of the island to be visited by tourists.

................................................................................................

5. Public borrowing has seldom been so high.

................................................................................................

6. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony.

................................................................................................

7. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success.

................................................................................................

8. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent.

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9. She didn’t realized what would happen to her next.

................................................................................................

10. I didn’t think that one day I’d be appearing in films rather then just watching them.

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Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD

1. If the Government were forced into another election, it would be the favourite to win.

................................................................................................

2. If you should wish to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is available between 9.00 and

11.00.

................................................................................................

3. If you should have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.

................................................................................................

4. If you should decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April.

................................................................................................

5. If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately.

.............................................................................................

6. If you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order form.

................................................................................................

7. If the film should be a post office success, they may be sequel.

................................................................................................

8. If you should change your mind, there will always be a job for you here.
................................................................................................

Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with WERE OR HAD

1. If the chemical were to leak, a large area of the sea would be contaminated.

................................................................................................

2. If Germany were to beat Romania, they would face Italy in the final.

................................................................................................

3. If Mr Morgan were still head master, he would not permit such bad behavior.

................................................................................................

4. If you had given it on time, you would have got a high mark.

................................................................................................

5. If she had become a lawyer, as her parents wished, she would have earn a large salary.

................................................................................................

6. If anything has gone wrong with my plan, I would have held responsibility.

................................................................................................

7.If it hadn’t been for Henry,I might not have met you.

................................................................................................

8. If only they had confirmed by phone, the airline could have warned them.

................................................................................................

9. The coast guards could have saved the vessels if they had been notified.

................................................................................................

10. If his solicitor hadn’t advised him, he would have made a serious mistake.
................................................................................................

Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words

1. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me.

Not only_______________________________________________________

2. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.

No sooner _____________________________________________________

3. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.

Hardly _______________________________________________________

4. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang.

Not until ______________________________________________________

5. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.

Only _________________________________________________________

6. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you.

Never ________________________________________________________

7. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.

Under the table _________________________________________________

8. His brother had rarely been more excited.

Rarely_____________________________________________________