Name admin alias ar asa at awk basename batch bc bg break c99 cal cat cd cflow chgrp chmod chown

cksum cmp comm command compress continue

Unix Utilities Description Create and administer SCCS files Define or display aliases Create and maintain library Misc archives Interpret carriage-control Text Processing characters Process Execute commands at a later time Management Pattern scanning and processing Text processing language Return non-directory portion of a Filesystem pathname Process Schedule commands to be Management executed in a batch queue Arbitrary-precision arithmetic Misc language Process Run jobs in the background Management Shell Exit from for, while, or until loop programming C Programming Compile standard C programs Category SCCS Misc Misc Filesystem Print a calendar Concatenate and print files

First appeared

Version 7 AT&T UNIX Version 7 AT&T UNIX

Version 5 AT&T UNIX Version 1 AT&T UNIX

Filesystem Change the working directory C Programming Generate a C-language flowgraph Filesystem Change the file group ownership Change the file Version 1 AT&T Filesystem modes/attributes/permissions UNIX Version 1 AT&T Filesystem Change the file ownership UNIX Filesystem Write file checksums and sizes 4.4BSD Version 1 AT&T Filesystem Compare two files UNIX Select or reject lines common to Version 4 AT&T Text Processing two files UNIX Shell Execute a simple command Programming Filesystem Compress data 4.3BSD Shell Continue for, while, or until loop programming

cp crontab csplit ctags cut cxref date dd delta df diff dirname dot du echo ed env eval ex exec exit expand export expr false

Filesystem Misc Text Processing C Programming Shell Programming C Programming Misc Filesystem SCCS Filesystem Text processing Filesystem Shell programming Filesystem Shell programming Text processing Misc

Copy files

Version 1 AT&T UNIX

Shell programming Text processing Shell programming Shell Cause the shell to exit programming Text Processing Convert tabs to spaces Set the export attribute for Misc variables Shell Evaluate arguments as an Programming expression Shell Return false value programming

Schedule periodic background work Split files based on context PWB UNIX Create a tags file 3.0BSD Cut out selected fields of each line of a file Generate a C-language program cross-reference table Version 1 AT&T Write the date and time UNIX Convert and copy a file Make a delta (change) to an SCCS file Version 1 AT&T Report free disk space UNIX Compare two files Return the directory portion of a pathname Execute commands in the current environment Version 1 AT&T Estimate file space usage UNIX Write arguments to standard output Version 1 AT&T The standard text editor UNIX Set the environment for command invocation Construct command by concatenating arguments Text editor BSD Execute commands and open, close, or copy file descriptors

3.0BSD

fc fg file find fold fort77 fuser gencat get getconf getopts grep hash head iconv id ipcrm ipcs jobs join kill lex link ln locale localedef logger

Misc Process Management Filesystem Filesystem Text processing FORTRAN77 Programming Process Management Misc SCCS Misc Shell Programming Misc Misc

Process the command history list Run jobs in the foreground Determine file type Find files Filter for folding lines FORTRAN compiler List process IDs of all processes that have one or more files open Generate a formatted message catalog Get a version of an SCCS file Get configuration values Parse utility options Search text for a pattern Remember or report utility locations PWB UNIX[citation needed] Version 4 AT&T UNIX Version 1 AT&T UNIX

Text processing Copy the first part of files

Text processing Codeset conversion Misc Return user identity 4.4BSD Remove a message queue, Misc semaphore set, or shared memory segment identifier Report interprocess Misc communication facilities status Process Display status of jobs in the Management current session Text Processing Relational database operator Process Version 3 AT&T Terminate or signal processes Management UNIX Generate programs for lexical C Programming tasks Version 1 AT&T Filesystem Call link function UNIX Version 1 AT&T Filesystem Link files UNIX Misc Get locale-specific information Misc Define locale environment Shell Log messages

logname lp ls m4 mailx make man mesg mkdir mkfifo more mv newgrp nice nl nm nohup od paste patch pathchk pax pr printf prs ps

programming Misc Return the user's login name Text Processing Send files to a printer Filesystem Misc Misc Programming Misc Misc Filesystem Filesystem List directory contents Macro processor Process messages Maintain, update, and regenerate groups of programs Display system documentation Permit or deny messages Make directories

4.4BSD Version 1 AT&T UNIX PWB UNIX Version 1 AT&T UNIX

Make FIFO special files Display files on a page-by-page Text processing basis Filesystem Misc Move files Change to a new group

Version 1 AT&T UNIX Version 1 AT&T UNIX 4.4BSD

Process Invoke a utility with an altered Management nice value Text Processing Line numbering filter Write the name list of an object C Programming file Process Invoke a utility immune to Management hangups Misc Text processing Dump files in various formats

Version 1 AT&T UNIX Version 6 AT&T UNIX Version 4 AT&T UNIX

Merge corresponding or subsequent lines of files Text processing Apply changes to files Filesystem Check pathnames Misc Portable archive interchange Text processing Print files Shell programming SCCS Process Management Write formatted output Print an SCCS file Report process status

Version 1 AT&T UNIX Version 32V AT&T UNIX

4.4BSD Version 1 AT&T UNIX 4.3BSD-Reno Version 4 AT&T UNIX

pwd qalter qdel qhold qmove qmsg qrerun qrls qselect qsig qstat qsub read readonly renice return rm rmdel rmdir sact sccs sed set

Filesystem Batch Utilities Batch Utilities Batch Utilities Batch Utilities Batch Utilities Batch Utilities Batch Utilities Batch Utilities Batch Utilities Batch Utilities Batch Utilities Shell Programming Misc Process Management Shell Programming Filesystem SCCS Filesystem SCCS SCCS

print working directory - Return working directory name Alter batch job Delete batch jobs Hold batch jobs Move batch jobs Send message to batch jobs Rerun batch jobs Release batch jobs Select batch jobs Signal batch jobs Show status of batch jobs Submit a script Read a line from standard input Set the readonly attribute for variables Set nice values of running processes Return from a function Remove directory entries Remove a delta from an SCCS file Remove directories Print current SCCS file-editing activity Front end for the SCCS subsystem Version 7 AT&T UNIX Version 1 AT&T UNIX Version 1 AT&T UNIX

4.0BSD

Text processing Stream editor Misc Shell programming Shell programming Shell programming Text Processing Set or unset options and positional parameters Shell, the standard command language interpreter Shift positional parameters Suspend execution for an interval Sort, merge, or sequence check text files

sh

Version 7 AT&T UNIX (in earlier versions, sh was either the Thompson shell or the PWB shell)

shift sleep sort

Version 4 AT&T UNIX

split strings

Misc

Split files into pieces

Version 3 AT&T UNIX

C Programming Find printable strings in files Remove unnecessary information strip C Programming from executable files stty Misc Set the options for a terminal tabs Misc Set terminal tabs PWB UNIX PWB UNIX[citation tail Text processing Copy the last part of a file needed] talk Misc Talk to another user 4.2BSD Shell tee Duplicate standard input programming Shell test Evaluate expression programming Process Version 3 AT&T time Time a simple command Management UNIX Process times Write process times Management Change file access and Version 7 AT&T touch Filesystem modification times UNIX tput Misc Change terminal characteristics System V Version 4 AT&T tr Text processing Translate characters UNIX Process trap Trap signals Management Shell true Return true value programming Version 7 AT&T tsort Text processing Topological sort UNIX Version 1 AT&T tty Misc Return user's terminal name UNIX Displays how a name would be type Misc interpreted if used as a command ulimit Misc Set or report file size limit Get or set the file mode creation umask Misc mask unalias Misc Remove alias definitions uname Misc Return system name PWB UNIX uncompress Misc Expand compressed data 4.3BSD unexpand Text Processing Convert spaces to tabs 3.0BSD Undo a previous get of an SCCS unget SCCS file Report or filter out repeated lines Version 3 AT&T uniq Text Processing in a file UNIX

unlink unset uucp uudecode uuencode uustat uux val vi wait wc what who write xargs yacc zcat

Filesystem Misc Network Network Network Network Process Management SCCS

Call the unlink function

Version 1 AT&T UNIX

Unset values and attributes of variables and functions System-to-system copy Decode a binary file 4.0BSD Encode a binary file 4.0BSD uucp status inquiry and job control Remote command execution

Validate SCCS files Screen-oriented (visual) display Text processing editor Process Await process completion Management Line, word and byte or character Text processing count SCCS Identify SCCS files System Display who is on the system Administration Misc Shell Programming C Programming Text Processing Write to another user's terminal Construct argument lists and invoke utility Yet another compiler compiler Expand and concatenate data

BSD

Version 1 AT&T UNIX Version 1 AT&T UNIX Version 1 AT&T UNIX PWB UNIX PWB UNIX

File system cat cd chmod chown chgrp cksum cmp cp dd du df fsck fuser ln ls lsattr lsof mkdir mount mv pwd rm rmdir split touch umask Processes at chroot cron exit kill killall nice pgrep pidof pkill ps pstree sleep time top wait User environment env finger id logname mesg passwd su sudo uptime w wall who whoami write Text processing awk comm csplit cut ed ex fmt head iconv join less more paste sed sort strings talk tail tr uniq vi wc xargs

Shell programming alias basename dirname echo expr false printf test true unset Networking inetd host ifconfig netstat nslookup ping rlogin netcat traceroute Searching find grep locate whereis which Miscellaneous apropos banner bc cal clear date dd file help history info lp lpr man pax size tee tput type uname whatis yes