Community Health Nursing

In 2020 by WHO
Global and National Health Situation
1. Ischemic Heart Disease
2019 Global Health Threats 2. Cancer
3. Respiratory
 Air Pollution
4. Covid – 19
 Non-Communicable Diseases
o Ages 30 to 69: Diabetes, Cancer, Heart 2016 Top 10 Leading Causes of Death in the
Diseases. Philippines
o Risk Factors: Tobacco use, Physical 1. Ischemic Heart Disease
Inactivity, Harmful use of alcohol, 2. Neoplasms
Unhealthy diets and Air Pollution. 3. Pneumonia
o Ages 15-19: Mental Health Issues. 4. Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
 Global Influenza Pandemic 5. Hypertensive Disease
 Antimicrobial Resistance 6. Diabetes Mellitus
 Fragile and Vulnerable Settings 7. Other Heart Diseases
 Ebola and other High-threat Pathogens 8. Respiratory Tuberculosis
 Weak Primary Health Care 9. Genitourinary System Diseases
 Vaccine Hesitancy Common Terms
 Dengue
Public Health
2020 Global Threats and Concerns by WHO
 Science and art of preventing disease,
1. Elevating health in the climate debate prolonging life, promoting health through the
2. Delivering health and conflict and crisis organized efforts and informed choices of
3. Making health care friar society, organizations, public and private
4. Expanding access to medicines communities, and individuals (CEA Winslow).
5. Stopping infectious disease
 Is the science of protecting and improving the
6. Preparing for epidemics
health of people in their communities by:
7. Protecting people from dangerous products
o Promoting healthy lifestyles.
8. Investing in the people who defend our health
o Researching Disease and Injury prevention.
9. Keeping adolescents safe
o Detecting, preventing, and responding to
10. Earning public trust
infectious diseases.
2016 Top 10 Global Causes of Death
Community Health
1. Ischemic Heart Disease
2. Stroke  Health status of a defined group of
3. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease people/community and the actions and
(COPD) conditions that protect and improve the health of
4. Lower Respiratory Infections the community. It does not focus on a group of
5. Alzheimer Disease and other Dementias people with the same shared characteristics like
6. Trachea, Bronchus, Lung Cancer age/dx but on all people within geographical
7. Diabetes Mellitus location.
8. Road Injury  A field of public health that focuses on
9. Diarrheal Diseases studying, protecting, or improving health within
10. Tuberculosis a community.
 Rooted in the collective efforts of individuals
and organizations who work to promote health
 within a geographically or culturally defined
group.
Public Health Nursing
 The practice of promoting and protecting the
health of populations using knowledge from
nursing, social, and public health sciences.
Community Health Nursing
 Also called public health nursing, combines
primary health care and nursing practice in a
community setting.
Evolution of Public Health Nursing in the
Philippines
 1577 – First dispensary for indigent patients of
Manila ran by a Franciscan Friar.
 1876 – Medicos Titulares equivalent to
provincial health officers.
 1888 – Superior Board of Health and Charity
established a hospital system and a board of
vaccination.
 June 23, 1898 – Creation of Department of
Public Works, Education, and Hygiene.
 September 29, 1898 – General Order No. 15
Board of Health for the City of Manila
(protecting American Soldiers).
 July 1, 1901 – Act No. 157 creation of Board of
Health for the Philippines Islands (protecting
Filipinos).
 December 2, 1901 – Insular Board of Health
thru acts No. 307 and 308.
o Established the Philippines and Municipal
Board: Health Organization in Accordance
with the territorial division of the island.
 October 26, 1905 – abolished Insular Board of
Health, replaced by Bureau of Health under the
Department of Interior thru Act No. 1407 in
1906.
 1912 – Act No. 2156 “Fajardo Act”
consolidation of municipalities into sanitary
division;
o Health fund for travels and salaries was
created.
 1915 Act No. 2468 transformed Bureau of
Health into Philippines Health Service.
o Health Personnel required of Civil Service
Grades, promotion described as “Semi-
military system of public health
administration”.
 August 2, 1916 – passage of Jones Law/Phil.
Autonomy Act… Major reorganization which
culminated to Public Health Law of 1917.
 1932 – Act No. 4007 “Reorganization Act of
1932” reverted Philippines Service into the
Bureau of Health.
 May 31, 1939 – Commonwealth Act No.430
created the Department of Public Health and
Welfare. Dr. Jose Fabella became the first
Department Secretary of Health and Public
Welfare in 1941.
 October 4, 1947 – post war recognition of the
DOH and Public Welfare.
 January 1, 1951 – conversion of the Office of
the President of Sanitary District into Rural
health Units with 7 basic health services: MCH,
environmental health, communicable disease
control, vital statistics, medical care, health
education, public health nursing.
o Passage of Rural Health Act of 1954 (RA
1082).
 February 20, 1958 – EO 288 decentralize
governance of health services, Regional Health
Director in 8 regions where health services were
decentralized to regional, provincial and
municipal levels.
 1970 – Reinstructed Health Care Delivery
System: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary levels
of Care.
o Expanded role Public Health Nurse
1:20,000.
 June 2, 1978 – PD 1397 Renamed DOH to
Ministry of Health (Secretary Gatmaitan, first
Minister of Health).
 December 2, 1982 – creation of Integrated
Provincial Health Office.
 April 13, 1987 – from Ministry of Health
renamed to DOH.
 October 10, 1991 – RA 7160 “Local Govt.
Code” devolution to LGU; DOH from
implementation to governance.
Roles and Responsibilities of Community of
Health Nurse
1. Management Function
2. Supervisory Function
3. Nursing Care Function
4. Collaborating and Coordinating Function
5. Health Promotion and Education Function
6. Training Function
7. Research Function
Competencies Skills and Knowledge of
Community Health Nurse
1. Community Health Nursing Process
2. Nursing Procedures during clinic and home
visits
3. Community organizing
4. Health Promotion and Education
5. Surveillance
6. Record and Reports