PHYSICS VANIA

WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY THE TERM REFLECTION OF LIGHT?

THE RETURNING OF LIGHT IN THE SAME MEDIUM AFTER STRIKING
THE SURFACE, IS CALLED REFLECTION OF LIGHT.

HOW IS A PLANE MIRROR MADE?

A PLANE MIRROR IS FORMED BY SILVERING ONE SIDE OF A THIN
PLANE GLASS PLATE.

EXPLAIN INCIDENT RAY.

THE RAY OF LIGHT THAT STRIKES THE SURFACE IS CALLED THE
INCIDENT RAY.

EXPLAIN REFLECTED RAY.

THE RAY OF LIGHT WHICH IS RETURNED BACK INTO THE SAME
MEDIUM, AFTER STRIKING THE SURFACE, IS CALLED THE REFLECTED
RAY.

EXPLAIN ANGLE OF INCIDENCE.

THE ANGLE BETWEEN THE NORMAL AND THE INCIDENT RAY IS
CALLED THE ANGLE OF INCIDENCE. IT IS REPRESENTED BY THE
LETTER i.

EXPLAIN ANGLE OF REFLECTION.

THE ANGLE BETWEEN THE NORMAL AND THE REFLECTED RAY IS
CALLED THE ANGLE OF REFLECTION. IT IS REPRESENTED BY THE
LETTER r.

EXPLAIN NORMAL.
THE PERPENDICULAR DRAWN ON THE SURFACE AT THE POINT OF
INCIDENCE, IS CALLED THE NORMAL.

STATE THE TWO LAWS OF REFLECTION OF LIGHT.

THE ANGLE OF INCIDENCE IS ALWAYS EQUAL TO THE ANGLE OF
REFLECTION.
THE INCIDENT RAY, THE REFLECTED RAY AND THE NORMAL, ALL LIE
IN THE SAME PLANE.

A RAY OF LIGHT FALLS NORMALLY ON A PLANE MIRROR. WHAT IS

THE ANGLE OF INCIDENCE?
i=0`

STATE IN WORDS, HOW DO YOU FIND THE LOCATION OF IMAGE OF

AN OBJECT FORMED BY A PLANE MIRROR.
TO LOCATE THE POSITION OF IMAGE, THE REFLECTED RAYS AC
AND BD ARE PRODUCED BACKWARDS. THEY MEET AT THE PONI I.
THIS IS THE IMAGE OF OBJECT O. MEASURE THE DISTANCES OM
AND IM USING A RULER. YOU WILL FIND THAT OM=IM. THUS, THE
IMAGE IS AS FAR BEHIND THE MIRROR AS THE OBJECT IS IN
FRONT OF IT.

STATE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IMAGE FORMED BY A PLANE

MIRROR.
THE IMAGE IS UPRIGHT OR ERECT.
THE IMAGE IS VIRTUAL.
THE IMAGE IS OF THE SAME SIZE AS THE OBJECT.
THE IMAGE IS LATERALLY INVERTED.
THE IMAGE IS AS FAR BEHIND THE MIRROR AS THE OBJECT IS IN
FRONT OF IT.

HOW IS THE POSITION OF IMAGE FORMED BY A PLANE MIRROR

RELATED TO THE POSITION OF THE OBJECT?
THE IMAGE IS AS FAR BEHIND THE MIRROR AS THE OBJECT IS IN
FRONT OF IT.
THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE OBJECT AND THE IMAGE IS DOUBLE
THE DISTANCE OF EITHER OF THEM FROM THE MIRROR.

YOU ARE STANDING AT A DISTANCE 2 METRE FROM A PLANE

MIRROR.
WHAT IS THE DISTANCE OF YOUR IMAGE FROM THE MIRROR?
2 METRE
THE DISTANCE OF OBJECT IN FRONT OF MIRROR=THE DISTANCE OF
IMAGE FORMED BEHIND THE MIRROR
WHAT IS THE DISTANCE BETWEEN YOU AND YOUR IMAGE?
4 METRE
DISTANCE BETWEEN YOU AND YOUR IMAGE= 2METRE
DISTANCE BETWEEN IMAGE AND MIRROR= 2METRE
THEREFORE,
DISTANCE BETWEEN YOU AND IMAGE= 2+2= 4METRE

WHAT IS MEANT BY LATERAL INVERSION OF AN IMAGE IN A PLANE

MIRROR?
THE INTERCHANGE OF LEFT AND RIGHT SIDES IN THE OBJECT AND
IMAGE FORMED BY THE PLANE MIRROR IS CALLED LATERAL
INVERSION.

WHAT IS IRREGULAR REFLECTION? GIVE AN EXAMPLE.

WHEN A BEAM OF LIGHT FALLS ON A SURFACE WHICH IS NOT
PERFECTLY SMOOTH AND POLISHED, THE DIFFERENT PORTIONS OF
THE SURFACE REFLECT LIGHT IN DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS. SUCH A
REFLECTION OF LIGHT FROM AN UNEVEN SURFACE IS CALLED
IRREGULAR OR DIFFUSED REFLECTION.
EXAMPLE- WALL,WOOD,PAPER,ETC.

HOW DO WE SEE OBJECTS AROUND US?

LIGHT IS A FORM OF ENERGY WHICH GIVES US SENSATION OF
SIGHT. WE CANNOT SEE LIGHT, BUT OBJECTS AROUND US CAN BE
ONLY SEEN IN THE PRESENCE OF LIGHT. THE OBJECTS AROUND US
ARE NOT SEEN IN THE DARK (I.E. ABSENCE OF LIGHT). OBJECTS
ARE SEEN WHEN LIGHT AFTER STRIKING THEM, RETURNS IN THE
SAME MEDIUM AND REACHES OUR EYES.

STATE THREE USES OF A PLANE MIRROR.

AS A DRESSING MIRROR.
SOMETIMES AS A REAR VIEW MIRROR IN FRONT OF THE DRIVER
IN A VEHICLE.
IN PERISCOPE, KALIEDOSCOPE AND SOLAR COOKER, PLANE
MIRRORS ARE USED AS REFLECTORS.

CAN LIGHT TRAVEL IN VACCUM?

YES, LIGHT CAN TRAVEL IN VACCUM (AIR).
THE SPEED IS 3 INTO 10 RAISE TO POWER 8 M S-1 NEARLY.
IT IS THE MAXIMUM SPEED OF LIGHT.
STATE THE SPEED OF LIGHT IN AIR,WATER AND GLASS IN M S-1.
AIR- 3 INTO 10 RAISE TO POWER 8
WATER- 2.25 INTO 10 RAISE TO POWER 8
GLASS- 2 INTO 10 RAISE TO POWER 8

STATE WHETHER LIGHT SLOWS DOWN OR SPEEDS UP IN THE

FOLLOWING CASES.
LIGHT GOING FROM AIR TO GLASS- SLOWS DOWN
LIGHT GOING FROM GLASS TO WATER- SPEEDS UP
LIGHT GOING FROM WATER TO AIR- SPEEDS UP

WHAT ARE PRIMARY COLOURS? NAME THE THREE PRIMARY

COLOURS.
PRIMARY COLOURS ARE THE COLOURS OF LIGHT BY MIXING
WHICH WHITE LIGHT IS OBTAINED.
THE THREE PRIMARY COLOURS ARE RED, GREEN AND BLUE.

WHAT ARE SECONDARY COLOURS? NAME THE THREE SECONDARY

COLOURS.
SECONDARY COLOURS ARE THE COLOURS OF LIGHT WHICH ARE
OBTAINED BY MIXING TWO PRIMARY COLOURS TOGETHER.
THE THREE SECONDARY COLOURS ARE YELLOW, CYAN AND
MAGENTA.

FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH APPROPRIATE COLOURS.

BLUE+__GREEN______=CYAN
RED+BLUE+_____GREEN_____=WHITE
RED+BLUE=______MAGENTA___
GREEN+RED=______YELLOW____

THE LEAVES APPEAR GREEN WHEN SEEN IN WHITE LIGHT. GIVE

REASON.
COLOUR OF ANY OBJECT IS THE COLOUR, WHICH IS NOT
ABSORBED BY THE SURFACE AND IS REFLECTED BY THE OBJECTS.
WHEN GREEN LEAVES ARE SEEN IN WHITE LIGHT, LEAVES DO NOT
ABSORB GREEN COLOUR PRESENT BUT ABSORBS THE LIGHT OF ALL
OTHER COLOURS IN WHITE LIGHT AND GREEN COLOUR IS
REFLECTED AND IT REACHES OUR EYES. THUS, LEAVES APPEAR
GREEN IN COLOUR.

A ROSE APPEARS RED IN WHITE LIGHT. HOW WILL IT APPEAR IN

GREEN LIGHT AND RED LIGHT? GIVE REASONS FOR THE SAME.
ROSE APPEARS RED IN WHITE LIGHT BECAUSE EXCEPT RED
COLOUR, REST ALL THE COLOURS PRESENT IN WHITE LIGHT ARE
ABSORBED BY IT. THIS RED COLOUR IS REFLECTED BY ROSE AND
REACHES OUR EYES.
WHEN RED ROSE IS SEEN IN GREEN LIGHT, IT APPEARS BLACK. RED
ROSE HAS ABILITY TO ABSORB GREEN LIGHT. WHEN RED ROSE IS
SEEN IN GREEN LIGHT, NO LIGHT IS REFLECTED AND NO LIGHT
REACHES OUR EYE. THEREFORE, ROSE APPEARS BLACK IN GREEN
LIGHT.
WHEN RED ROSE IS SEEN IN RED LIGHT, ROSE APPEARS RED IN
COLOUR. RED ROSE HAS ABILITY TO RELFECT RED. WHEN RED
ROSE IS SEEN IN RED LIGHT, RED LIGHT FALLING ON IT GETS
REFLECTED AND REACHES OUR EYES. THEREFORE, ROSE APPEARS
RED IN COLOUR.

WHY DOES A PIECE OF PAPER APPEAR WHITE IN SUNLIGHT? HOW

WOULD YOU EXPECT IT TO APPEAR WHEN VIEWED IN RED LIGHT
AND GREEN LIGHT?
A PIECE OF PAPER APPEARS WHITE IN SUNLIGHT AS WHITE PAPER
DOES NOT ABSORB ANY COLOUR. IT REFLECTS ALL THE COLOURS
THAT FALL ON IT.
WHEN RED LIGHT FALLS ON WHITE PAPER, THE PAPER APPEARS TO
BE RED. THIS IS BECAUSE THE PAPER DOES NOT ABSORB RED
LIGHT AND RED LIGHT GETS REFLECTED BY IT. THIS REFLECTED
RED LIGHT REACHES OUR EYE AND PAPER APPEARS TO BE RED IN
COLOUR.
WHEN GREEN LIGHT FALLS ON WHITE PAPER, THE PAPER APPEARS
TO BE GREEN. THIS IS BECAUSE THE PAPER DOES NOT ABSORB
GREEN LIGHT AND GREEN LIGHT GETS REFLECTED BY IT. THIS
REFLECTED GREEN LIGHT REACHES OUR EYE AND PAPER APPEARS
TO BE GREEN IN COLOUR.

A PIECE OF PAPER APPEARS BLACK IN SUNLIGHT. WHAT WILL BE

ITS COLOUR WHEN SEEN IN RED LIGHT.
A PIECE OF PAPER APPEARS BLACK IN SUNLIGHT AS WHITE PAPER
DOES NOT ABSORB ANY COLOUR. IT REFLECTS ALL THE COLOURS
THAT FALL ON IT.
WHEN RED LIGHT FALLS ON WHITE PAPER, THE PAPER APPEARS TO
BE RED. THIS IS BECAUSE THE PAPER DOES NOT ABSORB RED
LIGHT AND RED LIGHT GETS REFLECTED BY IT. THIS REFLECTED
RED LIGHT REACHES OUR EYE AND PAPER APPEARS TO BE RED IN
COLOUR.