Quarter1 - Week2 MATHEMATICS 9

Learning Competency: The learner solves quadratic equations by: (a) extracting square roots;
(b) factoring; (c) completing the square; and (d) using the quadratic formula. M9ALIa-b-1
1.1 The learner solves quadratic equations by: (a) extracting square roots; (b) factoring;
1.2 The learner solves quadratic equations by: (c) completing the square;
1.3 The learner solves quadratic equations by: (d) using the quadratic formula.

ACTIVITY SHEET 2
Name: __________________________ Grade Level/Section: _____________ Score: _____

KEY CONCEPT:

SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY EXTRACTING THE SQUARE ROOT

Quadratic equations that are written in the form x2 = k can be solved by extracting the square
root.
Note: The solutions to the quadratic equation are the values of the unknown variable, which
satisfy the equation. These solutions are called roots or zeros of quadratic equations.
Example 1: Find the solutions of the equation x2 = 16 by extracting the square root.
Solution: x2 = 16 (copy first the given equation, then check if it is written or can be
written in the form x2 = k. If it is, then we can solve the given
quadratic equation by extracting the square root.)
√ x = ± √ 16 (since
2
the given quadratic equation is already written in the form
x2 = k, then apply the Square Root Property, take the square
root of both sides. And simplify.)
x =±4

Answer: The solutions are: 4 and -4 Checking: Checking:

For x = 4: For x = - 4:
To check the answer, substitute these values in x2 = 16
the original equation. x2 = 16 (- 4 )2 = 16
2
( 4 ) = 16 16 = 16
16 = 16
Both values of x satisfy the given equation. So, the equation x2 = 16 is true when x = 4 or
when x = -4.

Example 2: Find the solutions of the equation x2 – 100 = 0 by extracting the square root.
Solution: x2 – 100 = 0 (copy first the given equation)
x2 – 100 +100 = 0 + 100 (Write the equation in the form x2 = k. To do so, apply
Addition Property of Equality or APE. Add both sides
by 100. Then, simplify.)
x2 = 100
√ x = ± √ 100
2
(Apply the Square Root Property, take the square root
of both sides. And simplify.)
x = ± 10 Answer: The solutions are: 10 and -10
Note: To check if your answer is correct, do the CHECKING, just follow the same process in
example 1.

SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY FACTORING

Factoring is a method used to solve a quadratic equation in the form of ax2 + bx + c = 0
or ax2 + bx = 0.

Recall the different ways of factoring you have learned in Grade 8. If you are already familiar
with these, then solving quadratic equations by factoring is just very easy for you.

1. Common Monomial Factor

Example: 2x2 + 10x = 2x(x2 + 5)

2. Difference of Two Squares

Example: x2 – 49 = (x - 7)(x + 7)

3. Perfect Square Trinomial

Example: x2 + 10x + 25 = (x + 5)(x + 5)

4. General Quadratic Trinomial

Example: x2 + 6x + 8 = (x + 2)(x + 4)

So, how to solve quadratic equations by factoring? Here are some examples.

Directions: Solve the roots of the following quadratic equations by factoring.

1) 2x2 + 6x = 0
Solution: 2x (x + 3) = 0 (factor using common monomial factor)
2x = 0 x + 3 = 0 (apply Zero Product Property or ZPP, equate each factor to
zero.)
2x 0
= x+ 3 -3 = 0 -3 (solve for x, for 2x = 0 apply Division Property of
2 2
Equality,
while for x+3 = 0 apply Subtraction Property of Equality)
x=0 x = -3
Answer: The roots are 0 and -3.

2) x2 – 16 = 0
Solution: (x + 4)(x - 4) = 0 (factor using Difference of Two Squares)
(x + 4) = 0 x–4=0 (By ZPP, equate each factor to zero)
x + 4 - 4= 0 - 4 x – 4 + 4 = 0 + 4 (solve for x applying Subtraction Property of Equality for
x + 4 = 0, and Addition Property of Equality for x – 4 = 0)
x = -4 x=4
Answer: The roots are -4 and 4.

3) x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
Solution: (x + 4)(x + 4) = 0 (factor using Perfect Square Trinomial)
 (x + 4) = 0 x + 4 = 0 (By ZPP, equate each factor to zero)
x = -4 x = -4 (solve for x applying the SPE)
Answer: The equation has only one root, and that is -4.

4) x2 – 7x + 10 = 0
Solution: (x - 5)(x - 2) = 0 (factor using General Quadratic Trinomial)
(x - 5) = 0 x – 2 = 0 (By ZPP, equate each factor to zero)
x=5 x = 2 (solve for x applying APE and SPE, respectively.)
Answer: The roots are 5 and 2.

ACTIVITY
Directions: Solve the following quadratic equations. Show your solutions.

1) x2 – 4 = 0

2) x2 = 25

3) x2 + 4x - 12 = 0

4) 4x2 - 8x = 0

5) x2 + 6x + 9 = 0