When L is at the end of a word (like in ball and able) or at the end of a syllable (like in pillow and

dollhouse), it is called the dark L.

there is/are - used to say that something exists or happens

In the R sound, the tip of the tongue is NOT touching anything.

WOULD = used when talking about the result of a possible or imagined situation or event, or describing
one

PRONUNCIATION:

R sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_OQjKLvt0E&t=1s ● https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=jCiE6PQbM2w

● How to make the L [l] Consonant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FP0jHNoFqWo

● L and R: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEZi3xaVGIg
● The L in American English:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2yvSja9G98

/æ/ and /e/ : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CNL5BmWQGiI

● American English Vowel Sounds: /æ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJd5c1T1t-w

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhwAARLgwqQ ●
/ɪ/ and /i:/ :
https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/minimal-pairs-i-ee.htm

The /t/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gP9ygo2988

●
The /d/ Sound:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6R6hh1aKDiE
●
Minimal Pair final /t/ and /d/:
https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/minimal-pairs-t-d.htm

/ɔː/ sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HRc1hrgsLtA ●

/ɔː/ and /oʊ/ : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YBQFEPjUQfE

●

/oʊ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Civ7UBZP99M&t=92s
/ɔː/ sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HRc1hrgsLtA
//
/ɑ:/ Sound:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1F47WdIjn5U
//
/ɑː/ sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5f1kNK4397w

/uː/ Sound vs /ʊ/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=elJQ2Cm27rQ ●

American English Vowels: /ʊ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QtYIp5KYk0M

S and SH: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uguN4ghpKtQ&

B[b] and P[p] Consonants: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPUr5MgeDHM& ●

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mm34TuL_XUI ●
https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/minimal-pairs-b-p.htm

/d/ : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N73xPe0x79g

/ʤ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqL9ivPb09A& //
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_2uB24_AWk4

[ə] Vowel - How to make the SCHWA Vowel:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=2BmkUa4Mv60

/n/ vs /ŋ/:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UYVlcNQtlLQ //

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1th5v7dXRjk
●
NG [ŋ] Consonant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ESY7ueSfrc
●
Why there is no G in 'NG' : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1V81_H4OAPE
●
NG (American English): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1jyB1K7UYic

The /t/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gP9ygo2988 ●

The /k/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YJdNE8na9M& ●

How to Pronounce the P, T and K Sounds in American English: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=qispLGVd4Fs

The /ʧ/ Sound:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6SreswdXlAk&
●
The /t/ Sound:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gP9ygo2988&
●
/ʧ vs /t/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jXOY2jqlFT8

/ɛ/ vs /eɪ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YGozdS2ad4I&

●
Diphthong [eɪ]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOuD6mFr6sQ

G [g] and K [k] Consonants:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_NisgL1dvY&

[ə] Vowel - How to make the SCHWA Vowel:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=2BmkUa4Mv60
● [ɜ] Vowel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ehn6XixUBKs&
●
The /ɜː/ Sound:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bvDhBypGycM

The /f/ Sound:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4VcU0zNJUiU ●

The /p/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3bI_PE_kNc ●

P and F:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhdPywS1H1o

S [s] and Z [z] Consonants: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xl-7mSeybmI& ●

The /s/ Sound:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3vyZaQF8vk
●
The /z/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7jhEYQI1954
●

Pronouncing 'S' at the end of words in English: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5T4zBYmO5Y

How to make the L [l] Consonant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FP0jHNoFqWo

● The L in American English:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2yvSja9G98
●
N [n] Consonant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HeMzjC672OA
/əʊ/ and /ɔː/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GoEu6zPeiM4

The M Consonant [m]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoEh8cz-mS4& ●

N [n] Consonant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HeMzjC672OA

F [f] and V [v] Consonants:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nR-K3mrHFv0
●
Pronounce V and F in English | American Accent Lesson:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhpzKOOoQHs

American English Vowel Sounds: /æ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJd5c1T1t-w ●

/ɑ:/ Sound:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1F47WdIjn5U

Cap-Cup-Cop (The 3 A's) | American English Pronunciation | vowels: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=f3xmPl34lso

[ə] Vowel - How to make the SCHWA Vowel:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=2BmkUa4Mv60
●
[ʌ] Vowel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_63fTgbG-yQ&list=PLB043E64B8BE05FB7&
●
Cap-Cup-Cop (The 3 A's) | American English Pronunciation | vowels: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=f3xmPl34lso

[ə] Vowel - How to make the SCHWA Vowel:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=2BmkUa4Mv60

/æ/ vs /Ʌ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtbewuEu9E4&

●
[ʌ] Vowel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_63fTgbG-yQ&list=PLB043E64B8BE05FB7&
●
Cap-Cup-Cop (The 3 A's) | American English Pronunciation | vowels: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=f3xmPl34lso

OH [oʊ] Diphthong: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Civ7UBZP99M

The /f/ Sound:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4VcU0zNJUiU ●

Th Sound/θ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fk659uM-p4U
● How to Say the TH Sound (VOICED AND VOICELESS): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBSU6A-CRx0

/ɔː/ sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HRc1hrgsLtA ●

/ɑ:/ Sound:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1F47WdIjn5U

/ɔː/ and /ɒ:/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tKeGmG8RDOo

●
[ə] Vowel - How to make the SCHWA Vowel:: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=2BmkUa4Mv60

TH [θ] y [ð]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlKNo1TGALA

Th Sound/θ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fk659uM-p4U
● How to Say the TH Sound (VOICED AND VOICELESS): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBSU6A-CRx0

The /aɪ/ Sound:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub9ONgsThKc //

B[b] and P[p] Consonants: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPUr5MgeDHM& ●

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mm34TuL_XUI ●
https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/minimal-pairs-b-p.htm

Diphthong [eɪ]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XOuD6mFr6sQ ●

Diphthong [aɪ]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rbQtAWNFy2I

R sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_OQjKLvt0E&t=1s ///

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jCiE6PQbM2w

L [l] Consonant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FP0jHNoFqWo

L and R: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEZi3xaVGIg&t=1s

[ʤ]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqL9ivPb09A&

How to pronounce the soft G sound in English (as in MANAGER and JOB):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5SEm_4Kv1Tw

The /ɪ/ sound:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PpuPMrISVc

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJJ3hhHtjtI&

..............

https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/minimal-pairs-dj-z.htm

The L in American English: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2yvSja9G98

B[b] and P[p] Consonants: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPUr5MgeDHM& ●

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mm34TuL_XUI ●
https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/minimal-pairs-b-p.htm

[ʊ] Vowel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phlnzlzCPqE&

L and R: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEZi3xaVGIg&t=1s ●

R and L Sounds - American English Pronunciation:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iH-9lqrGbBU

The /k/ Sound

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YJdNE8na9M

The /t/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gP9ygo2988

L and R: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEZi3xaVGIg&t=1s

R sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_OQjKLvt0E&t=1s ///

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jCiE6PQbM2w

Short Vowel Sounds i & e: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HPXjwymejYE

● [ɪ] Vowel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-km81q6DIlM

The M Consonant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoEh8cz-mS4&

N [n] Consonant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HeMzjC672OA

ə vs ɜː https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zw-clRYpa3A
●
[ə] Vowel - How to make the SCHWA Vowel:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2BmkUa4Mv60
●
/ɜ:/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSz_U5ThzLc

B[b] and P[p] Consonants : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JPUr5MgeDHM ●

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mm34TuL_XUI

The /k/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YJdNE8na9M

The /t/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8gP9ygo2988

The /p/ Sound:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3bI_PE_kNc& ●

The /d/ Sound:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6R6hh1aKDiE

F [f] and V [v] Consonants:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nR-K3mrHFv0

AH [ɑ] Vowel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DEJGBC4xZzI ●

The /ɑ:/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1F47WdIjn5U

OH [oʊ] Diphthong: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Civ7UBZP99M

/s/ and /ʃ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uguN4ghpKtQ

Th Sound/θ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fk659uM-p4U

The /f/ Sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4VcU0zNJUiU

/ʤ/ sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqL9ivPb09A& ●

/d/ sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6R6hh1aKDiE

●
/d/ and /ʤ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HsjE42JOmWI

/oʊ/ and /ɔ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YBQFEPjUQfE&

AW [ɔ] Vowel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opMab62SybY&

AH [ɑ] Vowel: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DEJGBC4xZzI

CLOTHES/PRONUNCIATION: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VA9xKx-2JrY

British: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FLXknxPOBZw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lB6to1LlLU

Greetings:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=4&v=aZU_UrgB540

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhwAARLgwqQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gme2kr9hhXg

https://www.englishclub.com/efl/survival/wedding/
https://www.thoughtco.com/english-seasons-vocabulary-4177200

https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/minimal-pairs-s-sh.htm

T sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLlotV_0dRI&t=171s

K sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zxrveu6yu6E&

Th Sound/θ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fk659uM-p4U

https://www.thoughtco.com/asking-a-favor-in-english-4164581

S [s] vs. SH [ʃ]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uguN4ghpKtQ&

/θ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qC0l6GQZtM4 /

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fk659uM-p4U

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CNL5BmWQGiI&

T [t] and D [d]:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGZ9GwrNWmU&t=1s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhwAARLgwqQ&t=2s

G [g] and K [k] Consonants: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_NisgL1dvY&

https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/minimal-pairs-k-g-initial.htm

/ f /: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=05f62-73nrY /

S & SH:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ot83fx4_Vzk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uguN4ghpKtQ&t=

VOCAB:

CLOTHES VOCABULARY:

https://www.excellentesl4u.com/esl-clothes-vocabulary.html

https://www.macmillandictionary.com/thesaurus-category/british/words-used-to-describe-clothes

FASHION VOCABULARY:

https://englishlive.ef.com/blog/english-in-the-real-world/talk-about-fashion-in-english/

Computer Vocabulary: https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/computing.htm

Computer problems vocabulary exercise:

http://www.blairenglish.com/exercises/technology_web/exercises/computer_problems/
computer_problems.html

THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF WATCHING TELEVISION:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=An-TEKQFq4Y

https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/tv-series.htm

http://www.blairenglish.com/exercises/social/exercises/television_tv_program_show_vocabulary/
television_tv_program_show_vocabulary.html

G AND K:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_NisgL1dvY&t=14s

VOCAB:

https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/20_advertising.htm

TALKING ABOUT YOUR WORK:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GkfJwr0fXnU

https://www.espressoenglish.net/lesson-1-essential-job-vocabulary/

COMPLAINING AT A RESTAURANT: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lpkjfj7G73Y

MUSIC VOCABULARY:

https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/music.htm

FOOD AND HEALTH VOCABULARY: https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/food-health.php

https://7esl.com/breakfast-vocabulary/

https://www.englishclub.com/efl/survival/grocery-shopping/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=55&v=NyfyNVQyPvk

https://www.english-at-home.com/transport-vocabulary/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qb-m3tEW_as&vl=en

https://www.englishclub.com/english-for-work/hotel-check-in-out.htm

https://www.excellentesl4u.com/esl-hotel-vocabulary.html

https://www.englishclub.com/efl/survival/how-to-give-directions/

https://www.smore.com/42cz7-giving-directions

https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/vocabulary-renting-apartment

advanced level: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ASSYBNWgEvg&t=70s

https://blogs.transparent.com/english/english-vocabulary-for-getting-a-haircut/

http://www.englishteachermelanie.com/english-vocabulary-the-end-of-a-relationship/

http://www.cristinacabal.com/intermediate/vocabrelationships.pdf

http://www.idiomconnection.com/relationship.html

https://www.thoughtco.com/dating-and-marriage-vocabulary-in-english-1212261

http://www.englishteachermelanie.com/vocabulary-spotlight-on-relationships/

http://www.englishteachermelanie.com/expressions-marriage-asking-someone-to-marry-you-getting-
married-and-types-of-marriages/

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE:

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verb-tenses_present-perfect.htm

with FOR or SINCE

https://www.vocabulary.cl/Lists/Valentines_Day.htm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D5ZsOcQzdRk

https://www.thoughtco.com/dating-and-marriage-vocabulary-in-english-1212261

https://www.really-learn-english.com/english-vocabulary-for-dating-and-relationships.html

Talking About Smartphones in English (video): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=th4_mJLxNe8

PRONUNCIATION:

https://www.englishclub.com/pronunciation/minimal-pairs-b-p.htm

https://www.really-learn-english.com/english-pronunciation-lesson-18-b-p-sounds.html

………
PLURAL S: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cWNW3-4Wpao /
Pronouncing 'S' at the end of words in English: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5T4zBYmO5Y

-ED ENDING:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YWuS7rfZlDQ&list=PLxYD9HaZwsI5C0d8CivHvoI_-
0rs8XMfc&index=99&t=0s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HNvmexh6k-8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j32SurxnE4s

MODAL VERBS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nk9nQwoCFig

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals.htm

PREPOSITIONS OF TIME, - at, in, on:

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/prepositions-at-in-on-time.htm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AuIzPgb3vvo

SOMETIMES/SOMETIME: https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/sometimes-or-
sometime

“Have You Ever (Done Something)?”:

http://www.englishteachermelanie.com/english-grammar-have-you-ever-done-something-present-
perfect/

too, either, neither

https://englishhelponline.me/2010/06/01/the-difference-between-words-too-and-eitherneither/

Either and Neither:

https://www.lawlessenglish.com/english-mistakes/either-and-neither/

Difference between A lot, Very & So: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lQMtiCnCOY

MUCH, MANY, LOT:

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/quantifiers/much-many-a-lot-of-lots-of-quantifiers
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE:

https://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentperfect.html

CLOTHES/PRONUNCIATION: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VA9xKx-2JrY ●

British: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FLXknxPOBZw

'Clothes': Pronunciation: https://www.youtube.com/shorts/-yyjgcLvVrs (Accent's Way English with

Hadar)

.......................

Adverbs of Frequency:

https://www.grammar.cl/Basic/Adverbs_Frequency.htm

Adverbs of DEFINITE frequency: https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=44&v=Z-cYBbRAitE

How often questions: https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-

111110.php

CLOTHES VOCABULARY: https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/clothes

https://www.excellentesl4u.com/esl-clothes-vocabulary.html

https://www.macmillandictionary.com/thesaurus-category/british/words-used-to-describe-clothes

……..

[ʤ]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vqL9ivPb09A&

CH [ʧ] and JJ [ʤ]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=unfuGPc3iXo

R sound: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_OQjKLvt0E&t=1s ///

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jCiE6PQbM2w

L and R: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEZi3xaVGIg

S and SH: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uguN4ghpKtQ&t=118s

Th Sound/θ/: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fk659uM-p4U
● How to Say the TH Sound (VOICED AND VOICELESS): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBSU6A-CRx0

EX sound in English: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ef5zvdQwRLw