Benz

Angelloyd
Bajao
Computer 2
(1st Quarter)
 Research Skills
 Certificate
 Mail Merge
 Inserting Images
 PowerPoint
 Excel
 Infographics
Research Skills
Sources of Knowledge Advantages
1. Senses and Experience The main strength of using
empiricism as a way of finding
truth is that rationalism doesn’t
necessarily account for the way that
the world really works, whereas
empiricism does. Empiricism is
widely used in science as a method
of proving and disproving theories.
Empiricism because it shows that it
is much easier to see if something
is true if it is tested than if reason is
used alone.
2. Expert Opinion • An expert can factor in
differences between past project
experiences and new techniques,
architectures or applications
involved in the future project.
• Good cross check of other
estimate from Subject Matter
Expert (SME) point of view.
• Allows perspective to an estimate
that may be overlooked without
SME.
3. Reasoning The strength of inductive
reasoning lies in establishing
probability. You might observe that
when it is very cloudy there is rain.
Pure inductive reasoning would say
that means it will rain on all cloudy
days. You will observe days when
this is not true, but through
inductive reasoning you establish
the probability that it could rain on
a cloudy day and prepare
accordingly.
Disadvantages
Although empiricism is
strong in the subject of
physics, it cannot be used for
complicated mathematics and
algebra. Some mathematical
equations are impossible to
prove using the empiricist
method because there is no
physical way of showing the
complications of the equation
in an observational
experiment. Empiricism is
only useful if it is possible for
one to actually experience
something and as there is
much we cannot experience
ourselves, rationalism is an
important source for a great
deal of knowledge.
• Expert judgment is only as
good as the estimator, who has
his own biases
• Completely subjective
without use of other
techniques
• Low-to-nil credibility
The greatest weakness of
inductive reasoning is that it is
limited. In the dog analogy,
once you see a dog without
fleas, your conclusion that all
dogs have fleas is proven
incorrect. Another problem
comes when your observations
are incorrect. If you have only
seen large dogs, you might
conclude that all dogs are
large. The reasoning is sound,
but incorrect because the
observation was incomplete or
incorrect. If you stop with just
a few observations and do not
continue to investigate, your
conclusion will not be valid no
matter how firmly you believe
it. Your logic can be sound but
proven incorrect by further

4. Researching Advantages of collecting survey
data online include: reduced cost
higher response rates, lack of
geographical boundaries, and fewer
respondent errors and omissions
than paper surveys. The marginal
cost of surveying is also reduced,
making larger samples possible. As
with any survey, response rates
generally increase if messages and
questions are concise.
observation.
Disadvantages of online
surveys include biases
inherent in the data collection
process. A portion of the U.S.
population lacks Internet
access and/or experience with
electronic surveys. Many are
older and minority household
heads or those with modest
incomes and education. There
may also be security and
confidentiality issues
involved. Finally, researchers
may not be able to calculate
response rates as is typically
done with mailed surveys that
are sent to a known number of
respondents. A response rate
cannot be determined unless
the target audience for a Web-
based survey is a known and
finite group.

References

faculty.nps.edu/danussba/OA4702/Chapter%2012%20Expert%20Opinion.ppt

http://classroom.synonym.com/advantages-disadvantages-inductive-reasoning-8491871.html

http://www.actforlibraries.org/what-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-empiricism/

https://joe.org/joe/2004june/tt1.php
Certificate
Mail Merge
 Inserting Images
Open a new document.
To start In the Tools menu, point to Letters and Mailings and then click Mail Merge. A
the Mail Task Pane appears to the right of the document.
Merge

Select Document Type

In the Mail Merge Task Pane, click Letters (if necessary). (When you click an option button, a brief
I description of that option is displayed in the centre of the Task Pane.)

Select Starting Document

Go to the bottom of the Task Pane and click Next: Starting document. You have a choice of three options
II when starting the document.
Use the current document: this is the blank document already on screen.
Start from a template: use this option if you already have a letter template that you prefer to use, or you
can base your document on one of Word’s mail merge templates
Start from existing document: Â open an existing document that already contains the pre-typed text.

Select Recipients
The next step is to specify and create the file that contains the recipients’ names and addresses (the Data
III Source) so that Word can attach it to the letter. There are three options for moving forward in this step:
Use an existing list
Select from Outlook contacts
Type a new list.

Write the standard letter

Click in Next: Write your letter.
IV Enter the fields - add recipient information to your letter.

Preview Your Letters

Click the arrow buttons in the Task Pane to preview the letters.
V Make any last minute changes to the data source file by clicking Edit recipient list and close the document.
To proceed to the final step, click Next: Complete the merge.

Complete the Merge

You are now ready to print the letters and there are two options:
VI Print: Click this option to print the letters. The Merge to Printer box lets you choose which records to send to
the printer.
Edit individual letters: This allows you to personalise individual letters. With this option you get the Merge
to New Document box. Click OK and the letters are merged to a new document, thereby giving you the
opportunity to edit each individual letter. You will see that each letter is separated by a section break (when
in Normal View). When you are ready to print the letters, click Print on the File menu.
Excel
Infographics