HW 5 Aquatic Chemistry

I = The vaklue I known a priori
Solution
NaCl -------> Na + + Cl -
zi=. Z1 1
Formula of ionic strength solution
I = ½ * Sum ( Ci X Zi ^2)
I=1/2([Na][z1]2 + [Cl-][ z1]2
I=1/2*( 0.2*(1^2)+(0.2)*(-1^2))
I=1/2*0.4 =0.2
[Na+]=
0.2
[Cl -] =
0.2
I=
0
Davis equation
𝐿𝑜𝑔" γi = -0.51* Zi2 *[ " (√𝐼 "
" )/((1+√𝐼) - 0.3 I ]
NaCl -------> Na + + Cl -
zi=. Z1 1
Log γ1= 0.000000

γ1. = 1.00
Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

zi=. Z2 2
Log γ2= 0.000000

γ2 = 1.000
The tritant
Na2CO3 ------->> 2 Na+. + CO3-2
CO3-2+ H2O--->> H2CO3+ O-
H2CO3 ------->>. HCO3 - + OH- k1
HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2
ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

2 3 3
CO3-2+ H2O--->> H2CO3+ O-
H2CO3 ------->>. HCO3 - + OH- k1
HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2
ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

0.2 F NACl and 0.001 F Na2CO3
concentration
Na2CO3 0.001 Formal
ENE : [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]
Ct= 0.001
MBE :CT= [ H2CO3] + [ HCO3-] + [CO3^-2] = 0.001
[ NA+] = 2[ CO3]= 2ct= 0.002
From table
Pk1= 6.35 data
pk2= 10.33 data
CO2 Family formulas

k1= 4.47E-07 run
k2= 4.68E-11 run
ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 4.47E-07

ck2 = k2/γ2. = 4.68E-11
hallar α0^C, α1^C, α2^C
α0^C = 8.11E-05
α1^C = 5.74E-01
α2^C = 4.26E-01 ENE
ENE
Water
kw= 1.01E-14
ckw= 1.01E-14
Example 5.8 pH Calculation when I is known A priori
Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

zi=. Z2 2
RHS ENE desmenuzado
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 5.74E-04
2[CO3^-2]= 2 *α2^C *Ct= 8.51E-04
[OH]= ckw/[H+] = 1.60E-04
Solver
Guess pch = 10.2
[H+] = 6.309573E-11
LHS = [H+] + [Na+] = 2.00E-03
RHS =[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2] + [ OH-] 1.59E-03
(LHS-RHS) 10^6= 4.14E+02
ph = -Log ([H+]* γ1) 10.20
Solution
NaCl -------> Na + + Cl -
zi=. Z1 1
I = ½ * Sum ( Ci X Zi ^2)
I=1/2([Na][z1]2 + [Cl-][ z1]2
I=1/2*( 0.2*(1^2)+(0.2)*(-1^2))
I=1/2*0.4 =0.2
[Na+]=
0.2
[Cl -] =
0.2
I=
0.2
Davis equation
𝐿𝑜𝑔" γi = -0.51* Zi2 *[ " (√𝐼 "
" )/((1+√𝐼) - 0.3 I ]
NaCl -------> Na + + Cl -
zi=. Z1 1
Log γ1= -0.126999

γ1. = 0.7465
Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

zi=. Z2 2
Log γ2= -0.507995

γ2 = 0.310
The tritant
Na2CO3 ------->> 2 Na+. + CO3-2
CO3-2+ H2O--->> H2CO3+ O-
H2CO3 ------->>. HCO3 - + OH- k1
HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2
ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

2 3 3
CO3-2+ H2O--->> H2CO3+ O-
H2CO3 ------->>. HCO3 - + OH- k1
HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2
ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

concentration
Na2CO3 0.001 Formal
ENE : [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]
Ct= 0.001
MBE :CT= [ H2CO3] + [ HCO3-] + [CO3^-2] = 0.001
[ NA+] = 2[ CO3]= 2ct= 0.002
From table
Pk1= 6.35 data
pk2= 10.33 data
CO2 Family formulas

k1= 4.47E-07 run
k2= 4.68E-11 run
ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 8.02E-07

ck2 = k2/γ2. = 1.51E-10
α0^C = 2.32E-05
α1^C = 2.95E-01
α2^C = 7.05E-01 ENE
ENE
Water
kw= 1.01E-14
ckw= 1.81E-14
Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

zi=. Z2 2
RHS ENE desmenuzado
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 2.95E-04
2[CO3^-2]= 2 *α2^C *Ct= 1.41E-03
[OH]= ckw/[H+] = 2.87E-04
Solver
Guess pch = 10.2
[H+] = 6.309573E-11
LHS = [H+] + [Na+] = 2.00E-03
RHS =[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2] + [ OH-] 1.99E-03
(LHS-RHS) 10^6= 7.93E+00
ph = -Log ([H+]* γ1) 10.33
Solution Nacl 0.2F

NaCl -------> Na + + Cl -
zi=. Z1 1
I = ½ * Sum ( Ci X Zi ^2)
I=1/2([Na][z1]2 + [Cl-][ z1]2
I=1/2*( 0.2*(1^2)+(0.2)*(-1^2))
[Na+]=
0.2
[Cl -] =
0.2
I= 0
Davis equation
𝐿𝑜𝑔" γi = -0.51* Zi2 *[ " (√𝐼 "
" )/((1+√𝐼) - 0.3 I ]
NaCl -------> Na + + Cl -
zi=. Z1 1
Log γ1= 0.00000
γ1. = 1.00
Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

zi=. Z2 2
Log γ2= 0.00000
γ2 = 1.00
The tritant
Na2CO3 ------->> 2 Na+. + CO3-2
CO3-2+ H2O--->> H2CO3+ O-
H2CO3 ------->>. HCO3 - + OH- k1
HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2
ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

concentration
Na2CO3 0.1
ENE : [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]
Ct= 0.1
MBE :CT= [ H2CO3] + [ HCO3-] + [CO3^-2] = 0.001
[ NA+] = Ct= (γ1=γ2=1) 0.1 data change
From table
Pk1= 6.35 data
pk2= 10.33 data
CO2 Family formulas

k1= 4.47E-07 run
k2= 4.68E-11 run
ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 4.47E-07

ck2 = k2/γ2. = 4.68E-11
α0^C = 1.00E-02
α1^C = 9.80E-01
α2^C = 1.00E-02 ENE
ENE
Water
kw= 1.01E-14
ckw= 1.01E-14
Iteration I γ1 = γ2 =
1 0 1.00 1.00
2
3
4
Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

zi=. Z2 2
ENE desmenuzado
[H+] = 4.58E-09
[ NA+] = Ct= (γ1=γ2=1) 0.1
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 9.80E-02
[CO3^-2]= 2 *α2^C *Ct= 2.00E-03
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 2.21E-06
Solver
Guess pch = 8.34
[H+] = 4.58E-09
LHS = [H+] + [Na+] = 1.00E-01
RHS =[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2] + [ OH-] 1.00E-01
(LHS-RHS) 10^6= 1.39E-11
ph = -Log ([H+]* γ1) 8.34
pch = ph =
8.34 8.34
Data 0.1 F Na2CO3

Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2
zi=. Z2 2

[Na+]=
0.1
[Cl -] =
0.1
I= 0
para la iterstion agrede se pone este valor
Davis equation I=0 , Log =0 , z1=1,z2=1
𝐿𝑜𝑔" γi = -0.51* Zi2 *[ " (√𝐼 "
" )/((1+√𝐼) - 0.3 I ]
NaCl -------> Na + + Cl -
zi=. Z1 1
Log γ1= 0.00000
γ1. = 1.00 data change
Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2
zi=. Z2 1
Log γ2= 0.00000
γ2 = 1.00 data change
The tritant
Na2CO3 ------->> 2 Na+. + CO3-2
CO3-2+ H2O--->> H2CO3+ O-
H2CO3 ------->>. HCO3 - + OH- k1
HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2
ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

concentration
Na2CO3 0.1
ENE : [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

Ct= 0.1 data change
MBE :CT= [ H2CO3] + [ HCO3-] + [CO3^-2] = 0.001
From table
Pk1= 6.35 data
pk2= 10.33 data
CO2 Family formulas

k1= 4.47E-07 run
k2= 4.68E-11 run
ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 4.47E-07

ck2 = k2/γ2. = 4.68E-11
α0^C = 1.00E-02
α1^C = 9.80E-01
α2^C = 1.00E-02 ENE
ENE
Water
kw= 1.01E-14
ckw= 1.01E-14
1 0 1.00 1.00
2 0.1 0.78122 0.37246
3
4
agrede se pone este valor
ENE desmenuzado
[H+] = 4.58E-09
[ NA+] = Ct= (γ1=γ2=1) 0.1
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 9.80E-02
[CO3^-2]= 1*α2^C *Ct= 1.00E-03 En la primera corrida la carga es 1 [or convesion aunque en la v
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 2.21E-06
Solver
Guess pch = 8.34
[H+] = 4.58E-09
LHS = [H+] + [Na+] = 1.00E-01
RHS =[ HCO3-]+ [CO3^-2] + [ OH-] 9.90E-02
(LHS-RHS) 10^6= 1.00E+03
ph = -Log ([H+]* γ1) 8.34
Speciation for I FOR NEXT iTetration calculate I

[H+] = 4.58E-09
[ NA+] = 0.1 I= 0.100
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 9.80E-02 New γ
[CO3^-2]= 1*α2^C *Ct= 1.00E-03 γ1= 0.78122
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 2.21E-06 γ2= 0.37246
zi=. Z1 1
zi=. Z2 2
pch = ph =
8.34 8.34
nvesion aunque en la vida rel esa no es su carga
Data 0.1 F Na2CO3
Formula of ionic strength solution. Don't work

[Na+]=
0.1
[Cl -] =
0.1
I= 0.1 Este valor cambiado in the second Iteration
Davis equation
𝐿𝑜𝑔" γi = -0.51* Zi2 *[ " (√𝐼 "
" )/((1+√𝐼) - 0.3 I ]
NaCl -------> Na + + Cl -
zi=. Z1 1 Este es el valor real de Z
Log γ1= -0.10723
Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2
Log γ2= -0.42892
The tritant
Na2CO3 ------->> 2 Na+. + CO3-2
CO3-2+ H2O--->> H2CO3+ O-
H2CO3 ------->>. HCO3 - + OH- k1
HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2
ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

concentration
Na2CO3 0.1
ENE : [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

Ct= 0.1 data change
MBE :CT= [ H2CO3] + [ HCO3-] + [CO3^-2] = 0.001
From table
Pk1= 6.35 data
pk2= 10.33 data
CO2 Family formulas
k1= 4.47E-07 run
k2= 4.68E-11 run
ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 7.32E-07

ck2 = k2/γ2. = 1.26E-10
α0^C = 1.28E-02
α1^C = 9.74E-01
α2^C = 1.28E-02 ENE
ENE
Water
kw= 1.01E-14
ckw= 1.65E-14
1 0 1.00 1.00
2 0.1 0.78122 0.37246
3
4
iado in the second Iteration
ENE desmenuzado
[H+] = 9.59E-09
[ NA+] = Ct= (γ1=γ2=1) 0.1
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 9.74E-02
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 1.73E-06
Solver
Guess pch = 8.02
[H+] = 9.59E-09
LHS = [H+] + [Na+] = 1.00E-01
RHS =[ HCO3-]+ [CO3^-2] + [ OH-] 1.00E-01
(LHS-RHS) 10^6= -1.08E-02
ph = -Log ([H+]* γ1) 8.13

[H+] = 9.59E-09
This is very important for getting. in

we use Z1=1 , because Nacl es la sol
solucion solo tiene z=1 , si hubieran m
[ NA+] = 0.1 I= 0.100 tendrian su propio z
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 9.74E-02 New γ
[CO3^-2]= 2*α2^C *Ct= 2.55E-03 γ1= 0.78122
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 1.73E-06 γ2= 0.37246
zi=. Z1 1
zi=. Z2 2
pch = ph =
8.34 8.34
8.02 8.13
portant for getting. in this case only
because Nacl es la solucion , y la
ene z=1 , si hubieran mas soluciones
tendrian su propio z
Data 0.1 F Na2CO3

[Na+]=
0.1
[Cl -] =
0.1
Davis equation
𝐿𝑜𝑔" γi = -0.51* Zi2 *[ " (√𝐼 "
" )/((1+√𝐼) - 0.3 I ]
NaCl -------> Na + + Cl -
Log γ1= -0.10723
Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2
Log γ2= -0.42892
The tritant
Na2CO3 ------->> 2 Na+. + CO3-2
CO3-2+ H2O--->> H2CO3+ O-
H2CO3 ------->>. HCO3 - + OH- k1
HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2
ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

concentration
Na2CO3 0.1
ENE : [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

Ct= 0.1 data change
MBE :CT= [ H2CO3] + [ HCO3-] + [CO3^-2] = 0.001
From table
Pk1= 6.35 data
pk2= 10.33 data
CO2 Family formulas
k1= 4.47E-07 run
k2= 4.68E-11 run
ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 7.32E-07

ck2 = k2/γ2. = 1.26E-10
α0^C = 1.28E-02
α1^C = 9.74E-01
α2^C = 1.28E-02 ENE
ENE
Water
kw= 1.01E-14
ckw= 1.65E-14
1 0 1.00 1.00
2 0.1 0.78122 0.37246
3
4
ENE desmenuzado
[H+] = 9.59E-09
[ NA+] = Ct= (γ1=γ2=1) 0.1
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 9.74E-02
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 1.73E-06
Solver
Guess pch = 8.02
[H+] = 9.59E-09
LHS = [H+] + [Na+] = 1.00E-01
RHS =[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2] + [ OH-] 1.00E-01
(LHS-RHS) 10^6= 6.07E-05
ph = -Log ([H+]* γ1) 8.13

[H+] = 9.59E-09
[ NA+] = 0.1 I= 0.100
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 9.74E-02 New γ
[CO3^-2]= 2*α2^C *Ct= 2.55E-03 γ1= 0.78122
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 1.73E-06 γ2= 0.37246
zi=. Z1 1
zi=. Z2 2
pch = ph =
8.34 8.34
8.02 8.13
Data 0.1 F Na2CO3

[Na+]=
0.1
[Cl -] =
0.1
Davis equation
𝐿𝑜𝑔" γi = -0.51* Zi2 *[ " (√𝐼 "
" )/((1+√𝐼) - 0.3 I ]
NaCl -------> Na + + Cl -
Log γ1= -0.10723
Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2
Log γ2= -0.42892
The tritant
Na2CO3 ------->> 2 Na+. + CO3-2
CO3-2+ H2O--->> H2CO3+ O-
H2CO3 ------->>. HCO3 - + OH- k1
HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2
ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

concentration
Na2CO3 0.1
ENE : [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

Ct= 0.1 data change
MBE :CT= [ H2CO3] + [ HCO3-] + [CO3^-2] = 0.001
From table
Pk1= 6.35 data
pk2= 10.33 data
CO2 Family formulas
k1= 4.47E-07 run
k2= 4.68E-11 run
ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 7.32E-07

ck2 = k2/γ2. = 1.26E-10
α0^C = 1.51E-02
α1^C = 9.74E-01
α2^C = 1.08E-02 ENE
ENE
Water
kw= 1.01E-14
ckw= 1.65E-14
1 0 1.00 1.00
2 0.1 0.78122 0.37246
3
4
ENE desmenuzado
[H+] = 1.14E-08
[ NA+] = Ct= (γ1=γ2=1) 0.1
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 9.74E-02
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 1.46E-06
Solver
Guess pch = 7.94
[H+] = 1.14E-08
LHS = [H+] + [Na+] = 1.00E-01
RHS =[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2] + [ OH-] 9.96E-02
(LHS-RHS) 10^6= 4.34E+02
ph = -Log ([H+]* γ1) 8.05

[H+] = 1.14E-08
[ NA+] = 0.1 I= 0.100
[ HCO3-] = α1^C* Ct. = 9.74E-02 New γ
[CO3^-2]= 2*α2^C *Ct= 2.15E-03 γ1= 0.78122
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 1.46E-06 γ2= 0.37246
zi=. Z1 1
zi=. Z2 2
pch = ph =
8.34 8.34
8.02 8.13
Objective Get PH =6
pH of a Mixture Example - January 20, 2020
input cells are green (adjustable)

computed cells are red (not adjustable)
Dilution factor Given

1step
Chemical mG/L MW (g/mol)

cat ion Amonium ion NH+4
Weak acid Hydrofluoric ACID HF
Strong acid Phosphoric acid H3PO4
Strong acid Sulfuric Acid H2SO4
Calcium [ Ca+2] 1122 40.08
Magnesium[ Mg+2] 241 24.305
Sodium [ Na+] 2373 22.98
Potassium [ K+] 344 39.098
ALUMINIUM [ Al3+] 97.4 26.98
BARIUM [ Ba 2+] 0.29 137.33
IRON. [ Fe+3] 121 55.84
MANGANESE [ Mn 2+] 14 54.93
COOPER [ Cu 2+] 0.1 63.55
STRONTIUM [ Sr 2+] 30.9 87.06
ZINC [ZN 2+] 6.32 65.4
Chloride. Cl- 476 35.453
Nitrate NO3- 24.8 62.0049
7 th step Define alphas

pH GIVEN [H+] α0Pt
2.60622763740783 0.00247612384597 2.64E-01
8th step
LHS CB (weak bases )= 2*[Ca+2]+2*[Mg+2]+1*[Na+] + 1 *[k+]+ 3*[Al+3] + 2*[Ba2+]

+3*[Fe+3] +2*[Mn 2+]+ 2*[Cu+2] + 2*[Sr2+]+ 2*[ Zn+2]
LHS
Ca ( weak acids )=Cl- + NO3-
LHS( Cb-Ca)=
RHS = -[NH4+]+[F-]+ [H2PO4^-] + [HPO4^-2] +

[PO4^-3] + [HSO4^-] + [SO4^-2] + [ OH-] -[H+] RHS=
RHS = (-α0Nt*NT) + ( α1Ft* FT) + ( α1Pt * PT) +

( α2Pt *PT) +( α3Pt *PT) + ( α1St * ST) + ( α2St *ST
) + KW/[H+]. - [ H+]
1e3*(LHS-RHS)=
3er step General EnE
4to Alkalinity equation
1
2nd Step
Concentration with
Concentrations (F) dilution Chemicals Equations
Equation 1 NH3 Total. (Nt)
Equation 2 Flouride (FT)
Equation 3 Phosphate Total.(PT)
Equation 4 Sulfate (ST)
0.027994011976 0.02799 Calcium [Ca+2]
0.009915655215 0.00992 Magnesium[Mg+2]
0.1032637075718 0.10326 Sodium [Na+]
0.0087984040104 0.00880 Potassium [ K+]
0.0036100815419 0.00361 ALUMINIUM [ Al3+]
2.11170174E-06 0.00000 BARIUM [ Ba 2+]
0.0021669054441 0.00217 IRON. [ Fe+3]
0.0002548698343 0.00025 MANGANESE [ Mn 2+]
1.573564123E-06 0.00000 COOPER [ Cu 2+]
0.0003549276361 0.00035 STRONTIUM [ Sr 2+]
9.663608563E-05 0.00010 ZINC [ZN 2+]
0.0134262262714 0.01343 Chloride. Cl-
0.0003999683896 0.00040 Nitrate NO3-
H2O
α1Pt α2Pt α3Pt α0St
7.36E-01 1.83E-05 3.54E-15 9.61E-01
0.206632644566187
0.0138261946609966
0.192806450
0.192806485
-3.5226128514143E-05
[Na+] +[H+] + [K+]=[OH-] + [Cl-] +2[Hcit-2 ]+ 3[Cit -3]+ [H2Cit-]+ [A-]+[HCO3-]+2[CO3-2]
[Na+] +[H+] + [K+]- [Cl-] = kw/[H+] ]+ [H2Cit-]+2[Hcit-2 ]+ 3[Cit -3]+ [A-]+-[HCO3-]+2[CO3-2]

CB- CA = α1CIT Cit +2α2. cit Cit +3α3. Cit cit + α1. A AT+1α1.C Ct+ 2 α2 Ct+ [OH-] – [H+]
mG/L MW (g/mol Concentrations (M)

1159 17.031 0.0680523750807351
6801 18.998 0.357985051058006
21977 94.9714 0.231406507643354
4678 96.06 0.0486987299604414
0.0279940119760479
0.0099156552149764
0.103263707571802
0.0087984040104353
0.0036100815418829
2.1117017403335E-06
0.0021669054441261
0.0002548698343346
1.573564122738E-06 Kw
0.000354927636113 1E-14
9.6636085626911E-05
0.0134262262714016
0.000399968389595
13.9956786262174
α1St α2St α0Nt α0Ft α1Ft [OH-]= kw/(H)
3.88E-02 1.60E-01 1.00E+00 7.89E-01 2.11E-01 4.04E-12
LHS = [Ca+2] + [ Mg+2]+[Na+] + [K+] + [Al3+] + [Ba2+] + LHS = 2*[Ca+2]+2*[Mg+2]+1*
[Fe+3]+ [Mn2+] + [Cu2+] + [Sr2+] + [ZN2+] +[H+] + [ NH4+] 2+]+ 2*[Cu+2] + 2*[Sr2+]+ 2*
RHS = [F-]+ [H2PO4^-] + [HPO4^-2] + [PO4^-3] + [HSO4^-] + [SO4^- RHS = ( α1Ft* FT) + ( α1Pt * PT)
2] + [ OH-] + [CL-]+ [NO3-] cKW/[H+] +[CL-]+ [NO3-]
3 ]
-2
2[CO3-2]
5 th step
How many K ( yOu take the reaction that has higher K) How many Alpha
0 1
1 2
3 4
3 4
Calculation of the I + ionic strengh
Equation 1 NH4+--->>>H+ +NH3 [NH4+]

Equation 2 HF------->>> H+ + F- [F-]
Equation 3 H3PO4---> H+. + H2PO4- [H2PO4^-]
Equation 3 H2PO4- ----> H+ + HPO4^-2 [HPO4^-2]
Equation 3 HPO4^-2 ----> H+ + PO4^-3 [PO4^-3]
Equation 4 H2SO4. ---> H+ + HSO4^- [HSO4^-]
Equation 4 HSO4^- ---> H+ + SO4^-2 [SO4^-2]
Calcium [Ca+2]
Magnesium[ Mg+2]
Sodium [ Na+]
Potassium [K+]
ALUMINIUM [Al3+]
BARIUM [Ba2+]
IRON. [Fe+3]
MANGANESE [Mn2+]
COOPER [Cu2+]
STRONTIUM [Sr2+]
ZINC [ZN2+]
Chloride. Cl-
Nitrate NO3-
H+
Water
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] =
Solver
Guess pch =
[H+] =
= 2*[Ca+2]+2*[Mg+2]+1*[Na+] + 1 *[k+]+ 3*[Al+3] + 2*[Ba2+] +3*[Fe+3] +2*[Mn

2*[Cu+2] + 2*[Sr2+]+ 2*[ Zn+2] + [H+] + [α0Nt*NT) LHS
= ( α1Ft* FT) + ( α1Pt * PT) +( α2Pt *PT) +( α3Pt *PT) + ( α1St * ST) + ( α2St *ST ) +
/[H+] +[CL-]+ [NO3-] RHS =
(LHS-RHS) 10^6=
ph = -Log ([H+]* γ1)

6th step
pK1 pK2 pK3 K1 K2 K3

9.24 5.75439937E-10
3.18 0.00066069345
2.16 7.21 12.32 0.00691830971 6.1659500186148E-08 4.7863E-13
4 1.99 0.0001 0.0102329299228075
Value of I Z1
2.088003 Log γ1=
γ1
Charge Z Concentrations (M) K values

0 0 Nt 0.06805237508 K1= 5.7544E-10
-1 1 Ft 0.35798505106 k1= 0.000660693
-1 1 k1= 0.00691831
-2 2 PT 0.23140650764 k2= 6.16595E-08
-3 3 k3= 4.7863E-13
-1 1 k1= 0.0001
0.04869872996
-2 2 ST k2= 0.01023293
2 2 0.02799401198 0.0559880239520958
2 2 0.00991565521 0.0198313104299527
1 1 0.10326370757 0.103263707571802
1 1 0.00879840401 0.0087984040104353
3 3 0.00361008154 0.0108302446256486
2 2 2.11170174E-06 4.223403480667E-06
3 3 0.00216690544 0.0065007163323782
2 2 0.00025486983 0.0005097396686692
2 2 1.57356412E-06 3.147128245476E-06
2 2 0.00035492764 0.0007098552722261
2 2 9.66360856E-05 0.0001932721712538
-1 1 0.01342622627 0.0134262262714016
-1 1 0.00039996839 0.000399968389595
1 1 0.00250049746
kw= 1.01E-14
4.39E-12
10.2
0.0025004975
2.77E-01
2.77E-01
2.76E-01
2.30
CK1= (1/γ^2*k1 CK2= CK3
1 Z2 2 Z3 3
0.0181 Log γ2= 0.072 Log γ3= 0.162
0.96 γ2 0.85 γ3 0.69
cK values cα0 cα1 cα2

cK1= k1 5.75439937E-10 Monoprotic 0.99999976986987 2.3013013E-07
ck1= k1/ γ1^2 0.00072 Monoprotic 0.77692103310484 0.223078966895
ck1= k1/(γ1^2) 0.007518101136 Triprotic
ck2= k2/ γ2 7.28142411E-08 Triprotic 0.24958009826528 0.750398050217 0.0000219
ck3= k3 *γ2/( γ1* γ3) 6.1422076E-13 Triprotic
ck1= k1/ (γ1^2) 0.000108669624 diprotic
0.7977761054932 0.034670712763 0.1675532
ck2= k2/ γ2 0.012084156118 diprotic
ckw= kw/ γ1^2 1.10E-14
cα3
0.0000000
Objective Get PH =6


1step

Calcium [ Ca+2] 1122 40.08
Sodium [ Na+] 2373 22.98
Potassium [ K+] 344 39.098
ALUMINIUM [ Al3+] 97.4 26.98
BARIUM [ Ba 2+] 0.29 137.33
IRON. [ Fe+3] 121 55.84
COOPER [ Cu 2+] 0.1 63.55
STRONTIUM [ Sr 2+] 30.9 87.06
ZINC [ZN 2+] 6.32 65.4
Nitrate NO3- 24.8 62.0049

pH GIVEN [H+] α0Pt
2.60622763740783 0.00247612384597 2.64E-01
8th step

+3*[Fe+3] +2*[Mn 2+]+ 2*[Cu+2] + 2*[Sr2+]+ 2*[ Zn+2]
LHS
LHS( Cb-Ca)=
RHS = -[NH4+]+[F-]+ [H2PO4^-] + [HPO4^-2] +

[PO4^-3] + [HSO4^-] + [SO4^-2] + [ OH-] -[H+] RHS=

) + KW/[H+]. - [ H+]
1e3*(LHS-RHS)=
1
2nd Step
Concentration with
0.027994011976 0.02799 Calcium [Ca+2]
0.009915655215 0.00992 Magnesium[Mg+2]
0.1032637075718 0.10326 Sodium [Na+]
0.0087984040104 0.00880 Potassium [ K+]
0.0036100815419 0.00361 ALUMINIUM [ Al3+]
2.11170174E-06 0.00000 BARIUM [ Ba 2+]
0.0021669054441 0.00217 IRON. [ Fe+3]
0.0002548698343 0.00025 MANGANESE [ Mn 2+]
1.573564123E-06 0.00000 COOPER [ Cu 2+]
0.0003549276361 0.00035 STRONTIUM [ Sr 2+]
9.663608563E-05 0.00010 ZINC [ZN 2+]
0.0134262262714 0.01343 Chloride. Cl-
0.0003999683896 0.00040 Nitrate NO3-
H2O
7.36E-01 1.83E-05 3.54E-15 9.61E-01
0.206632644566187
0.0138261946609966
0.192806450
0.192806485
-3.5226128514143E-05


1159 17.031 0.0680523750807351
6801 18.998 0.357985051058006
21977 94.9714 0.231406507643354
4678 96.06 0.0486987299604414
0.0279940119760479
0.0099156552149764
0.103263707571802
0.0087984040104353
0.0036100815418829
2.1117017403335E-06
0.0021669054441261
0.0002548698343346
1.573564122738E-06 Kw
0.000354927636113 1E-14
9.6636085626911E-05
0.0134262262714016
0.000399968389595
13.9956786262174
3.88E-02 1.60E-01 1.00E+00 7.89E-01 2.11E-01 4.04E-12
RHS = [F-]+ [H2PO4^-] + [HPO4^-2] + [PO4^-3] + [HSO4^-] + [SO4^- RHS = (α1Ft* FT) + ( α1Pt * PT)
2] + [ OH-] + [CL-]+ [NO3-] cKW/[H+] +[CL-]+ [NO3-]
3 ]
-2
2[CO3-2]
5 th step
How many K ( yOu take the reaction that has higher K)

0
1
3
3
Equation 1 NH4+--->>>H+ +NH3

Equation 2 HF------->>> H+ + F-
Equation 3 H3PO4---> H+. + H2PO4-
Equation 3 H2PO4- ----> H+ + HPO4^-2
Equation 3 HPO4^-2 ----> H+ + PO4^-3
Equation 4 H2SO4. ---> H+ + HSO4^-
Equation 4 HSO4^- ---> H+ + SO4^-2
2*[Cu+2] + 2*[Sr2+]+ 2*[ Zn+2] + [H+] + [α0Nt*NT)
= (α1Ft* FT) + ( α1Pt * PT) +( α2Pt *PT) +( α3Pt *PT) + ( α1St * ST) + ( α2St *ST ) +
/[H+] +[CL-]+ [NO3-]
LHS = 2*[Ca+2]+2*[Mg+2]+1*[Na+] + 1 *[k+]+
3*[Al+3] + 2*[Ba2+] +3*[Fe+3] +2*[Mn 2+]+
2*[Cu+2] + 2*[Sr2+]+ 2*[ Zn+2] + [H+] +
[α0Nt*NT)
RHS= (α1Ft* FT) + ( α1Pt * PT) +( α2Pt *PT) +

( α3Pt *PT) + ( α1St * ST) + ( α2St *ST ) + [OH-]
+[CL-]+ [NO3-]
5 th step 6th step
How many Alpha pK1 pK2 pK3

1 9.24
2 3.18
4 2.16 7.21 12.32
4 4 1.99
Charge Z Concentrations (M)

[NH4+] 0 0 Nt
[F-] -1 1 Ft
[H2PO4^-] -1 1
[HPO4^-2] -2 2 PT
[PO4^-3] -3 3
[HSO4^-] -1 1
[SO4^-2] -2 2 ST
Calcium [Ca+2] 2 2
Magnesium[ Mg+2] 2 2
Sodium [ Na+] 1 1
Potassium [K+] 1 1
ALUMINIUM [Al3+] 3 3
BARIUM [Ba2+] 2 2
IRON. [Fe+3] 3 3
MANGANESE [Mn2+] 2 2
COOPER [Cu2+] 2 2
STRONTIUM [Sr2+] 2 2
ZINC [ZN2+] 2 2
Chloride. Cl- -1 1
Nitrate NO3- -1 1
H+ 1 1
Water
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] =
Solver
Guess pch = 10.2
[H+] = 0.0025004975
LHS 2.77E-01
RHS = 2.67E-01
(LHS-RHS) 10^6= 1.03E+04
ph = -Log ([H+]* γ1) 2.30
Speciation for I FOR NEXT iTetration calculate I When all z +1

[H+] = 2.50E-03
[Ca+2] + [ Mg+2]+[Na+] + [K+] +
[Al3+] + [Ba2+] + [Fe+3]+ [Mn2+] +
[Cu2+] + [Sr2+] + [ZN2+] +[H+] + 2.27E-01 I= 0.149
[ NH4+]
[F-]+ [H2PO4^-] + [HPO4^-2] +

[PO4^-3] + [HSO4^-] + [SO4^-2] +
[ OH-] + [CL-]+ [NO3-]
2.67E-01
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 4.04E-12
Z1 1
Z2 1
z3 1
New γ
Z1 1 γ1= 0.75998
Z2 2 γ2= 0.33359
z3 3 γ3= 0.08457
6th step
K1 K2 K3 CK1= (1/γ^2*k1
5.75439937E-10
0.00066069345
0.00691830971 6.1659500186148E-08 4.7863E-13
0.0001 0.0102329299228075
Value of I Z1 1 Z2 2
0.000000 Log γ1= 0.0000 Log γ2= 0.000
γ1 1.00 γ2 1.00
Concentrations (M) K values cK values

0.06805237508 K1= 5.7544E-10 cK1= k1 5.75439937E-10 Monoprotic
0.35798505106 k1= 0.000660693 ck1= k1/ γ1^2 0.00066 Monoprotic
k1= 0.00691831 ck1= k1/(γ1^2) 0.006918309709 Triprotic
0.23140650764 k2= 6.16595E-08 ck2= k2/ γ2 6.16595002E-08 Triprotic
k3= 4.7863E-13
ck3= k3 *γ2/( γ1* γ3)4.78630092E-13 Triprotic
k1= 0.0001 ck1= k1/ (γ1^2) 0.0001 diprotic
0.04869872996
k2= 0.01023293 ck2= k2/ γ2 0.010232929923 diprotic
0.02799401198 0.0559880239520958
0.00991565521 0.0198313104299527
0.10326370757 0.103263707571802
0.00879840401 0.0087984040104353
0.00361008154 0.0108302446256486
2.11170174E-06 4.223403480667E-06
0.00216690544 0.0065007163323782
0.00025486983 0.0005097396686692
1.57356412E-06 3.147128245476E-06
0.00035492764 0.0007098552722261
9.66360856E-05 0.0001932721712538
0.01342622627 0.0134262262714016
0.00039996839 0.000399968389595
0.00250049746
kw= 1.01E-14 ckw= kw/ γ1^2 1.01E-14
4.04E-12
CK2= CK3
Z3 3
Log γ3= 0.000
γ3 1.00
cα0 cα1 cα2 cα3

0.99999976986987
0.790998561384 0.209001438616
0.26547439898245 0.734507488876 0.0000181 0.0000000
0.83080368701803 0.033225536099 0.1359708

Objective Get PH =6


1step

Calcium [ Ca+2] 1122 40.08
Sodium [ Na+] 2373 22.98
Potassium [ K+] 344 39.098
ALUMINIUM [ Al3+] 97.4 26.98
BARIUM [ Ba 2+] 0.29 137.33
IRON. [ Fe+3] 121 55.84
COOPER [ Cu 2+] 0.1 63.55
STRONTIUM [ Sr 2+] 30.9 87.06
ZINC [ZN 2+] 6.32 65.4
Nitrate NO3- 24.8 62.0049

pH GIVEN [H+] α0Pt
2.60622763740783 0.00247612384597 2.64E-01
8th step

+3*[Fe+3] +2*[Mn 2+]+ 2*[Cu+2] + 2*[Sr2+]+ 2*[ Zn+2]
LHS
LHS( Cb-Ca)=
RHS = -[NH4+]+[F-]+ [H2PO4^-] + [HPO4^-2] +

[PO4^-3] + [HSO4^-] + [SO4^-2] + [ OH-] -[H+] RHS=

) + KW/[H+]. - [ H+]
1e3*(LHS-RHS)=
1
2nd Step
Concentration with
0.027994011976 0.02799 Calcium [Ca+2]
0.009915655215 0.00992 Magnesium[Mg+2]
0.1032637075718 0.10326 Sodium [Na+]
0.0087984040104 0.00880 Potassium [ K+]
0.0036100815419 0.00361 ALUMINIUM [ Al3+]
2.11170174E-06 0.00000 BARIUM [ Ba 2+]
0.0021669054441 0.00217 IRON. [ Fe+3]
0.0002548698343 0.00025 MANGANESE [ Mn 2+]
1.573564123E-06 0.00000 COOPER [ Cu 2+]
0.0003549276361 0.00035 STRONTIUM [ Sr 2+]
9.663608563E-05 0.00010 ZINC [ZN 2+]
0.0134262262714 0.01343 Chloride. Cl-
0.0003999683896 0.00040 Nitrate NO3-
H2O
7.36E-01 1.83E-05 3.54E-15 9.61E-01
0.206632644566187
0.0138261946609966
0.192806450
0.192806485
-3.5226128514143E-05


1159 17.031 0.0680523750807351
6801 18.998 0.357985051058006
21977 94.9714 0.231406507643354
4678 96.06 0.0486987299604414
0.0279940119760479
0.0099156552149764
0.103263707571802
0.0087984040104353
0.0036100815418829
2.1117017403335E-06
0.0021669054441261
0.0002548698343346
1.573564122738E-06 Kw
0.000354927636113 1E-14
9.6636085626911E-05
0.0134262262714016
0.000399968389595
13.9956786262174
3.88E-02 1.60E-01 1.00E+00 7.89E-01 2.11E-01 4.04E-12
RHS = [F-]+ [H2PO4^-] + [HPO4^-2] + [PO4^-3] + [HSO4^-] + [SO4^- RHS = (α1Ft* FT) + ( α1Pt * PT)
2] + [ OH-] + [CL-]+ [NO3-] cKW/[H+] +[CL-]+ [NO3-]
3 ]
-2
2[CO3-2]
5 th step
How many K ( yOu take the reaction that has higher K)

0
1
3
3
Equation 1 NH4+--->>>H+ +NH3

Equation 2 HF------->>> H+ + F-
Equation 3 H3PO4---> H+. + H2PO4-
Equation 3 H2PO4- ----> H+ + HPO4^-2
Equation 3 HPO4^-2 ----> H+ + PO4^-3
Equation 4 H2SO4. ---> H+ + HSO4^-
Equation 4 HSO4^- ---> H+ + SO4^-2
2*[Cu+2] + 2*[Sr2+]+ 2*[ Zn+2] + [H+] + [α0Nt*NT)
= (α1Ft* FT) + ( α1Pt * PT) +( α2Pt *PT) +( α3Pt *PT) + ( α1St * ST) + ( α2St *ST ) +
/[H+] +[CL-]+ [NO3-]
LHS = 2*[Ca+2]+2*[Mg+2]+1*[Na+] + 1 *[k+]+
3*[Al+3] + 2*[Ba2+] +3*[Fe+3] +2*[Mn 2+]+
2*[Cu+2] + 2*[Sr2+]+ 2*[ Zn+2] + [H+] +
[α0Nt*NT)
RHS= (α1Ft* FT) + ( α1Pt * PT) +( α2Pt *PT) +

( α3Pt *PT) + ( α1St * ST) + ( α2St *ST ) + [OH-]
+[CL-]+ [NO3-]
5 th step 6th step
How many Alpha pK1 pK2 pK3

1 9.24
2 3.18
4 2.16 7.21 12.32
4 4 1.99
Charge Z Concentrations (M)

[NH4+] 0 0 Nt
[F-] -1 1 Ft
[H2PO4^-] -1 1
[HPO4^-2] -2 2 PT
[PO4^-3] -3 3
[HSO4^-] -1 1
[SO4^-2] -2 2 ST
Calcium [Ca+2] 2 2
Magnesium[ Mg+2] 2 2
Sodium [ Na+] 1 1
Potassium [K+] 1 1
ALUMINIUM [Al3+] 3 3
BARIUM [Ba2+] 2 2
IRON. [Fe+3] 3 3
MANGANESE [Mn2+] 2 2
COOPER [Cu2+] 2 2
STRONTIUM [Sr2+] 2 2
ZINC [ZN2+] 2 2
Chloride. Cl- -1 1
Nitrate NO3- -1 1
H+ 1 1
Water
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] =
Solver
Guess pch = 10.2
[H+] = 0.0025004975
LHS 2.77E-01
RHS = 2.67E-01
(LHS-RHS) 10^6= 1.03E+04
ph = -Log ([H+]* γ1) 2.30
Speciation for I FOR NEXT iTetration calculate I When all z +1

[H+] = 2.50E-03
[Ca+2] + [ Mg+2]+[Na+] + [K+] +
[Al3+] + [Ba2+] + [Fe+3]+ [Mn2+] +
[Cu2+] + [Sr2+] + [ZN2+] +[H+] + 2.27E-01 I= 0.149
[ NH4+]
[F-]+ [H2PO4^-] + [HPO4^-2] +

[PO4^-3] + [HSO4^-] + [SO4^-2] +
[ OH-] + [CL-]+ [NO3-]
2.67E-01
[OH-]= ckw/[H+] = 4.04E-12
Z1 1
Z2 1
z3 1
New γ
Z1 1 γ1= 0.75998
Z2 2 γ2= 0.33359
z3 3 γ3= 0.08457
6th step
K1 K2 K3 CK1= (1/γ^2*k1
5.75439937E-10
0.00066069345
0.00691830971 6.1659500186148E-08 4.7863E-13
0.0001 0.0102329299228075
Value of I Z1 1 Z2 2
0.000000 Log γ1= 0.0000 Log γ2= 0.000
γ1 1.00 γ2 1.00
Concentrations (M) K values cK values

0.06805237508 K1= 5.7544E-10 cK1= k1 5.75439937E-10 Monoprotic
0.35798505106 k1= 0.000660693 ck1= k1/ γ1^2 0.00066 Monoprotic
k1= 0.00691831 ck1= k1/(γ1^2) 0.006918309709 Triprotic
0.23140650764 k2= 6.16595E-08 ck2= k2/ γ2 6.16595002E-08 Triprotic
k3= 4.7863E-13
ck3= k3 *γ2/( γ1* γ3)4.78630092E-13 Triprotic
k1= 0.0001 ck1= k1/ (γ1^2) 0.0001 diprotic
0.04869872996
k2= 0.01023293 ck2= k2/ γ2 0.010232929923 diprotic
0.02799401198 0.0559880239520958
0.00991565521 0.0198313104299527
0.10326370757 0.103263707571802
0.00879840401 0.0087984040104353
0.00361008154 0.0108302446256486
2.11170174E-06 4.223403480667E-06
0.00216690544 0.0065007163323782
0.00025486983 0.0005097396686692
1.57356412E-06 3.147128245476E-06
0.00035492764 0.0007098552722261
9.66360856E-05 0.0001932721712538
0.01342622627 0.0134262262714016
0.00039996839 0.000399968389595
0.00250049746
kw= 1.01E-14 ckw= kw/ γ1^2 1.01E-14
4.04E-12
CK2= CK3
Z3 3
Log γ3= 0.000
γ3 1.00
cα0 cα1 cα2 cα3

0.99999976986987
0.790998561384 0.209001438616
0.26547439898245 0.734507488876 0.0000181 0.0000000
0.83080368701803 0.033225536099 0.1359708

pH [H] [OH-] α0 α1 f
0
0.2
0.4
TEMP = 25 C INPUT CELLS ARE IN GREEN
Kw = 1.01E-14 AT = 1.66E-02
pKw = -14.00
pKa = 5.00
Ka= 1.00E-05
pH [H+] log[H+] [OH-] log[OH-] a0 a1 f=
[H+] f= alpha 1+
([OH-]-[H+]0/A CB-Ca =
pH log[H+] [OH-] log[OH-] a0 a1 t (f*At)
0.0 1.0 0.00 1.01E-14 -14.00 1.00E+00 1.00E-05 -6.02E+01 -1.00E+00
0.1 0.8 -0.10 1.27E-14 -13.90 1.00E+00 1.26E-05 -4.79E+01 -7.94E-01
0.2 0.6 -0.20 1.60E-14 -13.80 1.00E+00 1.58E-05 -3.80E+01 -6.31E-01
0.3 0.5 -0.30 2.02E-14 -13.70 1.00E+00 2.00E-05 -3.02E+01 -5.01E-01
0.4 0.4 -0.40 2.54E-14 -13.60 1.00E+00 2.51E-05 -2.40E+01 -3.98E-01
0.5 0.3 -0.50 3.19E-14 -13.50 1.00E+00 3.16E-05 -1.90E+01 -3.16E-01
0.6 0.3 -0.60 4.02E-14 -13.40 1.00E+00 3.98E-05 -1.51E+01 -2.51E-01
0.7 0.2 -0.70 5.06E-14 -13.30 1.00E+00 5.01E-05 -1.20E+01 -2.00E-01
0.8 0.2 -0.80 6.37E-14 -13.20 1.00E+00 6.31E-05 -9.55E+00 -1.58E-01
0.9 0.1 -0.90 8.02E-14 -13.10 1.00E+00 7.94E-05 -7.58E+00 -1.26E-01
1.0 0.1 -1.00 1.01E-13 -13.00 1.00E+00 1.00E-04 -6.02E+00 -1.00E-01
1.1 0.1 -1.10 1.27E-13 -12.90 1.00E+00 1.26E-04 -4.78E+00 -7.94E-02
1.2 0.1 -1.20 1.60E-13 -12.80 1.00E+00 1.58E-04 -3.80E+00 -6.31E-02
1.3 0.1 -1.30 2.02E-13 -12.70 1.00E+00 1.99E-04 -3.02E+00 -5.01E-02
1.4 0.0 -1.40 2.54E-13 -12.60 1.00E+00 2.51E-04 -2.40E+00 -3.98E-02
1.5 0.0 -1.50 3.19E-13 -12.50 1.00E+00 3.16E-04 -1.90E+00 -3.16E-02
1.6 0.0 -1.60 4.02E-13 -12.40 1.00E+00 3.98E-04 -1.51E+00 -2.51E-02
1.7 0.0 -1.70 5.06E-13 -12.30 9.99E-01 5.01E-04 -1.20E+00 -1.99E-02
1.8 0.0 -1.80 6.37E-13 -12.20 9.99E-01 6.31E-04 -9.54E-01 -1.58E-02
1.9 0.0 -1.90 8.02E-13 -12.10 9.99E-01 7.94E-04 -7.58E-01 -1.26E-02
2.0 0.0 -2.00 1.01E-12 -12.00 9.99E-01 9.99E-04 -6.01E-01 -9.98E-03
2.1 0.0 -2.10 1.27E-12 -11.90 9.99E-01 1.26E-03 -4.77E-01 -7.92E-03
2.2 0.0 -2.20 1.60E-12 -11.80 9.98E-01 1.58E-03 -3.79E-01 -6.28E-03
2.3 0.0 -2.30 2.02E-12 -11.70 9.98E-01 1.99E-03 -3.00E-01 -4.98E-03
2.4 0.0 -2.40 2.54E-12 -11.60 9.97E-01 2.51E-03 -2.37E-01 -3.94E-03
2.5 0.0 -2.50 3.19E-12 -11.50 9.97E-01 3.15E-03 -1.87E-01 -3.11E-03
2.6 0.0 -2.60 4.02E-12 -11.40 9.96E-01 3.97E-03 -1.47E-01 -2.45E-03
2.7 0.0 -2.70 5.06E-12 -11.30 9.95E-01 4.99E-03 -1.15E-01 -1.91E-03
2.8 0.0 -2.80 6.37E-12 -11.20 9.94E-01 6.27E-03 -8.92E-02 -1.48E-03
2.9 0.0 -2.90 8.02E-12 -11.10 9.92E-01 7.88E-03 -6.80E-02 -1.13E-03
3.0 0.0 -3.00 1.01E-11 -11.00 9.90E-01 9.90E-03 -5.03E-02 -8.36E-04
3.1 0.0 -3.10 1.27E-11 -10.90 9.88E-01 1.24E-02 -3.54E-02 -5.88E-04
3.2 0.0 -3.20 1.60E-11 -10.80 9.84E-01 1.56E-02 -2.24E-02 -3.72E-04
3.3 0.0 -3.30 2.02E-11 -10.70 9.80E-01 1.96E-02 -1.06E-02 -1.76E-04
3.4 0.0 -3.40 2.54E-11 -10.60 9.75E-01 2.45E-02 5.21E-04 8.65E-06
3.5 0.0 -3.50 3.19E-11 -10.50 9.69E-01 3.07E-02 1.16E-02 1.93E-04
3.6 0.0 -3.60 4.02E-11 -10.40 9.62E-01 3.83E-02 2.32E-02 3.84E-04
3.7 0.0 -3.70 5.06E-11 -10.30 9.52E-01 4.77E-02 3.57E-02 5.93E-04
3.8 0.0 -3.80 6.37E-11 -10.20 9.41E-01 5.94E-02 4.98E-02 8.27E-04
3.9 0.0 -3.90 8.02E-11 -10.10 9.26E-01 7.36E-02 6.60E-02 1.10E-03
4.0 0.0 -4.00 1.01E-10 -10.00 9.09E-01 9.09E-02 8.49E-02 1.41E-03
4.1 0.0 -4.10 1.27E-10 -9.90 8.88E-01 1.12E-01 1.07E-01 1.78E-03
4.2 0.0 -4.20 1.60E-10 -9.80 8.63E-01 1.37E-01 1.33E-01 2.21E-03
4.3 0.0 -4.30 2.02E-10 -9.70 8.34E-01 1.66E-01 1.63E-01 2.71E-03
4.4 0.0 -4.40 2.54E-10 -9.60 7.99E-01 2.01E-01 1.98E-01 3.29E-03
4.5 0.0 -4.50 3.19E-10 -9.50 7.60E-01 2.40E-01 2.38E-01 3.96E-03
4.6 0.0 -4.60 4.02E-10 -9.40 7.15E-01 2.85E-01 2.83E-01 4.70E-03
4.7 0.0 -4.70 5.06E-10 -9.30 6.66E-01 3.34E-01 3.33E-01 5.52E-03
4.8 0.0 -4.80 6.37E-10 -9.20 6.13E-01 3.87E-01 3.86E-01 6.41E-03
4.9 0.0 -4.90 8.02E-10 -9.10 5.57E-01 4.43E-01 4.42E-01 7.34E-03
5.0 0.0 -5.00 1.01E-09 -9.00 5.00E-01 5.00E-01 4.99E-01 8.29E-03
5.1 0.0 -5.10 1.27E-09 -8.90 4.43E-01 5.57E-01 5.57E-01 9.24E-03
5.2 0.0 -5.20 1.60E-09 -8.80 3.87E-01 6.13E-01 6.13E-01 1.02E-02
5.3 0.0 -5.30 2.02E-09 -8.70 3.34E-01 6.66E-01 6.66E-01 1.11E-02
5.4 0.0 -5.40 2.54E-09 -8.60 2.85E-01 7.15E-01 7.15E-01 1.19E-02
5.5 0.0 -5.50 3.19E-09 -8.50 2.40E-01 7.60E-01 7.60E-01 1.26E-02
5.6 0.0 -5.60 4.02E-09 -8.40 2.01E-01 7.99E-01 7.99E-01 1.33E-02
5.7 0.0 -5.70 5.06E-09 -8.30 1.66E-01 8.34E-01 8.34E-01 1.38E-02
5.8 0.0 -5.80 6.37E-09 -8.20 1.37E-01 8.63E-01 8.63E-01 1.43E-02
5.9 0.0 -5.90 8.02E-09 -8.10 1.12E-01 8.88E-01 8.88E-01 1.47E-02
6.0 0.0 -6.00 1.01E-08 -8.00 9.09E-02 9.09E-01 9.09E-01 1.51E-02
6.1 0.0 -6.10 1.27E-08 -7.90 7.36E-02 9.26E-01 9.26E-01 1.54E-02
6.2 0.0 -6.20 1.60E-08 -7.80 5.94E-02 9.41E-01 9.41E-01 1.56E-02
6.3 0.0 -6.30 2.02E-08 -7.70 4.77E-02 9.52E-01 9.52E-01 1.58E-02
6.4 0.0 -6.40 2.54E-08 -7.60 3.83E-02 9.62E-01 9.62E-01 1.60E-02
6.5 0.0 -6.50 3.19E-08 -7.50 3.07E-02 9.69E-01 9.69E-01 1.61E-02
6.6 0.0 -6.60 4.02E-08 -7.40 2.45E-02 9.75E-01 9.75E-01 1.62E-02
6.7 0.0 -6.70 5.06E-08 -7.30 1.96E-02 9.80E-01 9.80E-01 1.63E-02
6.8 0.0 -6.80 6.37E-08 -7.20 1.56E-02 9.84E-01 9.84E-01 1.63E-02
6.9 0.0 -6.90 8.02E-08 -7.10 1.24E-02 9.88E-01 9.88E-01 1.64E-02
7.0 0.0 -7.00 1.01E-07 -7.00 9.90E-03 9.90E-01 9.90E-01 1.64E-02
7.1 0.0 -7.10 1.27E-07 -6.90 7.88E-03 9.92E-01 9.92E-01 1.65E-02
7.2 0.0 -7.20 1.60E-07 -6.80 6.27E-03 9.94E-01 9.94E-01 1.65E-02
7.3 0.0 -7.30 2.02E-07 -6.70 4.99E-03 9.95E-01 9.95E-01 1.65E-02
7.4 0.0 -7.40 2.54E-07 -6.60 3.97E-03 9.96E-01 9.96E-01 1.65E-02
7.5 0.0 -7.50 3.19E-07 -6.50 3.15E-03 9.97E-01 9.97E-01 1.65E-02
7.6 0.0 -7.60 4.02E-07 -6.40 2.51E-03 9.97E-01 9.98E-01 1.66E-02
7.7 0.0 -7.70 5.06E-07 -6.30 1.99E-03 9.98E-01 9.98E-01 1.66E-02
7.8 0.0 -7.80 6.37E-07 -6.20 1.58E-03 9.98E-01 9.98E-01 1.66E-02
7.9 0.0 -7.90 8.02E-07 -6.10 1.26E-03 9.99E-01 9.99E-01 1.66E-02
8.0 0.0 -8.00 1.01E-06 -6.00 9.99E-04 9.99E-01 9.99E-01 1.66E-02
8.1 0.0 -8.10 1.27E-06 -5.90 7.94E-04 9.99E-01 9.99E-01 1.66E-02
8.2 0.0 -8.20 1.60E-06 -5.80 6.31E-04 9.99E-01 9.99E-01 1.66E-02
8.3 0.0 -8.30 2.02E-06 -5.70 5.01E-04 9.99E-01 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
8.4 0.0 -8.40 2.54E-06 -5.60 3.98E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
8.5 0.0 -8.50 3.19E-06 -5.50 3.16E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
8.6 0.0 -8.60 4.02E-06 -5.40 2.51E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
8.7 0.0 -8.70 5.06E-06 -5.30 1.99E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
8.8 0.0 -8.80 6.37E-06 -5.20 1.58E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
8.9 0.0 -8.90 8.02E-06 -5.10 1.26E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
9.0 0.0 -9.00 1.01E-05 -5.00 1.00E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
9.1 0.0 -9.10 1.27E-05 -4.90 7.94E-05 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
9.2 0.0 -9.20 1.60E-05 -4.80 6.31E-05 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
9.3 0.0 -9.30 2.02E-05 -4.70 5.01E-05 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
9.4 0.0 -9.40 2.54E-05 -4.60 3.98E-05 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
9.5 0.0 -9.50 3.19E-05 -4.50 3.16E-05 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
9.6 0.0 -9.60 4.02E-05 -4.40 2.51E-05 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.66E-02
9.7 0.0 -9.70 5.06E-05 -4.30 2.00E-05 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.67E-02
9.8 0.0 -9.80 6.37E-05 -4.20 1.58E-05 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.67E-02
9.9 0.0 -9.90 8.02E-05 -4.10 1.26E-05 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 1.67E-02
10.0 0.0 -10.00 1.01E-04 -4.00 1.00E-05 1.00E+00 1.01E+00 1.67E-02
10.1 0.0 -10.10 1.27E-04 -3.90 7.94E-06 1.00E+00 1.01E+00 1.67E-02
10.2 0.0 -10.20 1.60E-04 -3.80 6.31E-06 1.00E+00 1.01E+00 1.68E-02
10.3 0.0 -10.30 2.02E-04 -3.70 5.01E-06 1.00E+00 1.01E+00 1.68E-02
10.4 0.0 -10.40 2.54E-04 -3.60 3.98E-06 1.00E+00 1.02E+00 1.69E-02
10.5 0.0 -10.50 3.19E-04 -3.50 3.16E-06 1.00E+00 1.02E+00 1.69E-02
10.6 0.0 -10.60 4.02E-04 -3.40 2.51E-06 1.00E+00 1.02E+00 1.70E-02
10.7 0.0 -10.70 5.06E-04 -3.30 2.00E-06 1.00E+00 1.03E+00 1.71E-02
10.8 0.0 -10.80 6.37E-04 -3.20 1.58E-06 1.00E+00 1.04E+00 1.72E-02
10.9 0.0 -10.90 8.02E-04 -3.10 1.26E-06 1.00E+00 1.05E+00 1.74E-02
11.0 0.0 -11.00 1.01E-03 -3.00 1.00E-06 1.00E+00 1.06E+00 1.76E-02
11.1 0.0 -11.10 1.27E-03 -2.90 7.94E-07 1.00E+00 1.08E+00 1.79E-02
11.2 0.0 -11.20 1.60E-03 -2.80 6.31E-07 1.00E+00 1.10E+00 1.82E-02
11.3 0.0 -11.30 2.02E-03 -2.70 5.01E-07 1.00E+00 1.12E+00 1.86E-02
11.4 0.0 -11.40 2.54E-03 -2.60 3.98E-07 1.00E+00 1.15E+00 1.91E-02
11.5 0.0 -11.50 3.19E-03 -2.50 3.16E-07 1.00E+00 1.19E+00 1.98E-02
11.6 0.0 -11.60 4.02E-03 -2.40 2.51E-07 1.00E+00 1.24E+00 2.06E-02
11.7 0.0 -11.70 5.06E-03 -2.30 2.00E-07 1.00E+00 1.30E+00 2.17E-02
11.8 0.0 -11.80 6.37E-03 -2.20 1.58E-07 1.00E+00 1.38E+00 2.30E-02
11.9 0.0 -11.90 8.02E-03 -2.10 1.26E-07 1.00E+00 1.48E+00 2.46E-02
12.0 0.0 -12.00 1.01E-02 -2.00 1.00E-07 1.00E+00 1.61E+00 2.67E-02
12.1 0.0 -12.10 1.27E-02 -1.90 7.94E-08 1.00E+00 1.77E+00 2.93E-02
12.2 0.0 -12.20 1.60E-02 -1.80 6.31E-08 1.00E+00 1.96E+00 3.26E-02
12.3 0.0 -12.30 2.02E-02 -1.70 5.01E-08 1.00E+00 2.21E+00 3.68E-02
12.4 0.0 -12.40 2.54E-02 -1.60 3.98E-08 1.00E+00 2.53E+00 4.20E-02
12.5 0.0 -12.50 3.19E-02 -1.50 3.16E-08 1.00E+00 2.92E+00 4.85E-02
12.6 0.0 -12.60 4.02E-02 -1.40 2.51E-08 1.00E+00 3.42E+00 5.68E-02
12.7 0.0 -12.70 5.06E-02 -1.30 2.00E-08 1.00E+00 4.05E+00 6.72E-02
12.8 0.0 -12.80 6.37E-02 -1.20 1.58E-08 1.00E+00 4.84E+00 8.03E-02
12.9 0.0 -12.90 8.02E-02 -1.10 1.26E-08 1.00E+00 5.83E+00 9.68E-02
13.0 0.0 -13.00 1.01E-01 -1.00 1.00E-08 1.00E+00 7.08E+00 1.18E-01
13.1 0.0 -13.10 1.27E-01 -0.90 7.94E-09 1.00E+00 8.66E+00 1.44E-01
13.2 0.0 -13.20 1.60E-01 -0.80 6.31E-09 1.00E+00 1.06E+01 1.77E-01
13.3 0.0 -13.30 2.02E-01 -0.70 5.01E-09 1.00E+00 1.31E+01 2.18E-01
13.4 0.0 -13.40 2.54E-01 -0.60 3.98E-09 1.00E+00 1.63E+01 2.70E-01
13.5 0.0 -13.50 3.19E-01 -0.50 3.16E-09 1.00E+00 2.02E+01 3.36E-01
13.6 0.0 -13.60 4.02E-01 -0.40 2.51E-09 1.00E+00 2.52E+01 4.19E-01
13.7 0.0 -13.70 5.06E-01 -0.30 2.00E-09 1.00E+00 3.15E+01 5.23E-01
13.8 0.0 -13.80 6.37E-01 -0.20 1.58E-09 1.00E+00 3.94E+01 6.54E-01
13.9 0.0 -13.90 8.02E-01 -0.10 1.26E-09 1.00E+00 4.93E+01 8.19E-01
14.0 0.0 -14.00 1.01E+00 0.00 1.00E-09 1.00E+00 6.18E+01 1.03E+00
Acetic acid
13.5 14.0
13.0
12.0
11.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
7.0
pH
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
-8.00E+01 -6.00E+01 -4.00E+01 -2.00E+01 0.00E+00 2.00E+01 4.00E+01 6.00E+01 8.00E+01
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
-8.00E+01 -6.00E+01 -4.00E+01 -2.00E+01 0.00E+00 2.00E+01 4.00E+01 6.00E+01 8.00E+01
Acetic acid
8.00E+01
8.00E+01
TEMP = 25 C INPUT CELLS ARE IN GREEN
Kw = 1.01E-14 AT = 8.32E-04
pKw = -14.00
pKa = 5.00
Ka= 1.00E-05
pH [H+] log[H+] [OH-] log[OH-] a0 a1 f=
[H+] f= alpha 1+
([OH-]-[H+]0/A CB-Ca =
pH log[H+] [OH-] log[OH-] a0 a1 t (f*At)
0.0 1.0 0.00 1.01E-14 -14.00 1.00E+00 1.00E-05 -1.20E+03 -1.00E+00
0.1 0.8 -0.10 1.27E-14 -13.90 1.00E+00 1.26E-05 -9.55E+02 -7.94E-01
0.2 0.6 -0.20 1.60E-14 -13.80 1.00E+00 1.58E-05 -7.58E+02 -6.31E-01
0.3 0.5 -0.30 2.02E-14 -13.70 1.00E+00 2.00E-05 -6.02E+02 -5.01E-01
0.4 0.4 -0.40 2.54E-14 -13.60 1.00E+00 2.51E-05 -4.78E+02 -3.98E-01
0.5 0.3 -0.50 3.19E-14 -13.50 1.00E+00 3.16E-05 -3.80E+02 -3.16E-01
0.6 0.3 -0.60 4.02E-14 -13.40 1.00E+00 3.98E-05 -3.02E+02 -2.51E-01
0.7 0.2 -0.70 5.06E-14 -13.30 1.00E+00 5.01E-05 -2.40E+02 -2.00E-01
0.8 0.2 -0.80 6.37E-14 -13.20 1.00E+00 6.31E-05 -1.90E+02 -1.58E-01
0.9 0.1 -0.90 8.02E-14 -13.10 1.00E+00 7.94E-05 -1.51E+02 -1.26E-01
1.0 0.1 -1.00 1.01E-13 -13.00 1.00E+00 1.00E-04 -1.20E+02 -1.00E-01
1.1 0.1 -1.10 1.27E-13 -12.90 1.00E+00 1.26E-04 -9.55E+01 -7.94E-02
1.2 0.1 -1.20 1.60E-13 -12.80 1.00E+00 1.58E-04 -7.58E+01 -6.31E-02
1.3 0.1 -1.30 2.02E-13 -12.70 1.00E+00 1.99E-04 -6.02E+01 -5.01E-02
1.4 0.0 -1.40 2.54E-13 -12.60 1.00E+00 2.51E-04 -4.78E+01 -3.98E-02
1.5 0.0 -1.50 3.19E-13 -12.50 1.00E+00 3.16E-04 -3.80E+01 -3.16E-02
1.6 0.0 -1.60 4.02E-13 -12.40 1.00E+00 3.98E-04 -3.02E+01 -2.51E-02
1.7 0.0 -1.70 5.06E-13 -12.30 9.99E-01 5.01E-04 -2.40E+01 -2.00E-02
1.8 0.0 -1.80 6.37E-13 -12.20 9.99E-01 6.31E-04 -1.90E+01 -1.58E-02
1.9 0.0 -1.90 8.02E-13 -12.10 9.99E-01 7.94E-04 -1.51E+01 -1.26E-02
2.0 0.0 -2.00 1.01E-12 -12.00 9.99E-01 9.99E-04 -1.20E+01 -1.00E-02
2.1 0.0 -2.10 1.27E-12 -11.90 9.99E-01 1.26E-03 -9.55E+00 -7.94E-03
2.2 0.0 -2.20 1.60E-12 -11.80 9.98E-01 1.58E-03 -7.58E+00 -6.31E-03
2.3 0.0 -2.30 2.02E-12 -11.70 9.98E-01 1.99E-03 -6.02E+00 -5.01E-03
2.4 0.0 -2.40 2.54E-12 -11.60 9.97E-01 2.51E-03 -4.78E+00 -3.98E-03
2.5 0.0 -2.50 3.19E-12 -11.50 9.97E-01 3.15E-03 -3.80E+00 -3.16E-03
2.6 0.0 -2.60 4.02E-12 -11.40 9.96E-01 3.97E-03 -3.02E+00 -2.51E-03
2.7 0.0 -2.70 5.06E-12 -11.30 9.95E-01 4.99E-03 -2.39E+00 -1.99E-03
2.8 0.0 -2.80 6.37E-12 -11.20 9.94E-01 6.27E-03 -1.90E+00 -1.58E-03
2.9 0.0 -2.90 8.02E-12 -11.10 9.92E-01 7.88E-03 -1.51E+00 -1.25E-03
3.0 0.0 -3.00 1.01E-11 -11.00 9.90E-01 9.90E-03 -1.19E+00 -9.92E-04
3.1 0.0 -3.10 1.27E-11 -10.90 9.88E-01 1.24E-02 -9.42E-01 -7.84E-04
3.2 0.0 -3.20 1.60E-11 -10.80 9.84E-01 1.56E-02 -7.43E-01 -6.18E-04
3.3 0.0 -3.30 2.02E-11 -10.70 9.80E-01 1.96E-02 -5.83E-01 -4.85E-04
3.4 0.0 -3.40 2.54E-11 -10.60 9.75E-01 2.45E-02 -4.54E-01 -3.78E-04
3.5 0.0 -3.50 3.19E-11 -10.50 9.69E-01 3.07E-02 -3.49E-01 -2.91E-04
3.6 0.0 -3.60 4.02E-11 -10.40 9.62E-01 3.83E-02 -2.64E-01 -2.19E-04
3.7 0.0 -3.70 5.06E-11 -10.30 9.52E-01 4.77E-02 -1.92E-01 -1.60E-04
3.8 0.0 -3.80 6.37E-11 -10.20 9.41E-01 5.94E-02 -1.31E-01 -1.09E-04
3.9 0.0 -3.90 8.02E-11 -10.10 9.26E-01 7.36E-02 -7.77E-02 -6.47E-05
4.0 0.0 -4.00 1.01E-10 -10.00 9.09E-01 9.09E-02 -2.93E-02 -2.44E-05
4.1 0.0 -4.10 1.27E-10 -9.90 8.88E-01 1.12E-01 1.63E-02 1.36E-05
4.2 0.0 -4.20 1.60E-10 -9.80 8.63E-01 1.37E-01 6.10E-02 5.07E-05
4.3 0.0 -4.30 2.02E-10 -9.70 8.34E-01 1.66E-01 1.06E-01 8.83E-05
4.4 0.0 -4.40 2.54E-10 -9.60 7.99E-01 2.01E-01 1.53E-01 1.27E-04
4.5 0.0 -4.50 3.19E-10 -9.50 7.60E-01 2.40E-01 2.02E-01 1.68E-04
4.6 0.0 -4.60 4.02E-10 -9.40 7.15E-01 2.85E-01 2.55E-01 2.12E-04
4.7 0.0 -4.70 5.06E-10 -9.30 6.66E-01 3.34E-01 3.10E-01 2.58E-04
4.8 0.0 -4.80 6.37E-10 -9.20 6.13E-01 3.87E-01 3.68E-01 3.06E-04
4.9 0.0 -4.90 8.02E-10 -9.10 5.57E-01 4.43E-01 4.28E-01 3.56E-04
5.0 0.0 -5.00 1.01E-09 -9.00 5.00E-01 5.00E-01 4.88E-01 4.06E-04
5.1 0.0 -5.10 1.27E-09 -8.90 4.43E-01 5.57E-01 5.48E-01 4.56E-04
5.2 0.0 -5.20 1.60E-09 -8.80 3.87E-01 6.13E-01 6.06E-01 5.04E-04
5.3 0.0 -5.30 2.02E-09 -8.70 3.34E-01 6.66E-01 6.60E-01 5.49E-04
5.4 0.0 -5.40 2.54E-09 -8.60 2.85E-01 7.15E-01 7.10E-01 5.91E-04
5.5 0.0 -5.50 3.19E-09 -8.50 2.40E-01 7.60E-01 7.56E-01 6.29E-04
5.6 0.0 -5.60 4.02E-09 -8.40 2.01E-01 7.99E-01 7.96E-01 6.62E-04
5.7 0.0 -5.70 5.06E-09 -8.30 1.66E-01 8.34E-01 8.31E-01 6.92E-04
5.8 0.0 -5.80 6.37E-09 -8.20 1.37E-01 8.63E-01 8.61E-01 7.17E-04
5.9 0.0 -5.90 8.02E-09 -8.10 1.12E-01 8.88E-01 8.87E-01 7.38E-04
6.0 0.0 -6.00 1.01E-08 -8.00 9.09E-02 9.09E-01 9.08E-01 7.55E-04
6.1 0.0 -6.10 1.27E-08 -7.90 7.36E-02 9.26E-01 9.25E-01 7.70E-04
6.2 0.0 -6.20 1.60E-08 -7.80 5.94E-02 9.41E-01 9.40E-01 7.82E-04
6.3 0.0 -6.30 2.02E-08 -7.70 4.77E-02 9.52E-01 9.52E-01 7.92E-04
6.4 0.0 -6.40 2.54E-08 -7.60 3.83E-02 9.62E-01 9.61E-01 8.00E-04
6.5 0.0 -6.50 3.19E-08 -7.50 3.07E-02 9.69E-01 9.69E-01 8.06E-04
6.6 0.0 -6.60 4.02E-08 -7.40 2.45E-02 9.75E-01 9.75E-01 8.11E-04
6.7 0.0 -6.70 5.06E-08 -7.30 1.96E-02 9.80E-01 9.80E-01 8.16E-04
6.8 0.0 -6.80 6.37E-08 -7.20 1.56E-02 9.84E-01 9.84E-01 8.19E-04
6.9 0.0 -6.90 8.02E-08 -7.10 1.24E-02 9.88E-01 9.88E-01 8.22E-04
7.0 0.0 -7.00 1.01E-07 -7.00 9.90E-03 9.90E-01 9.90E-01 8.24E-04
7.1 0.0 -7.10 1.27E-07 -6.90 7.88E-03 9.92E-01 9.92E-01 8.25E-04
7.2 0.0 -7.20 1.60E-07 -6.80 6.27E-03 9.94E-01 9.94E-01 8.27E-04
7.3 0.0 -7.30 2.02E-07 -6.70 4.99E-03 9.95E-01 9.95E-01 8.28E-04
7.4 0.0 -7.40 2.54E-07 -6.60 3.97E-03 9.96E-01 9.96E-01 8.29E-04
7.5 0.0 -7.50 3.19E-07 -6.50 3.15E-03 9.97E-01 9.97E-01 8.30E-04
7.6 0.0 -7.60 4.02E-07 -6.40 2.51E-03 9.97E-01 9.98E-01 8.30E-04
7.7 0.0 -7.70 5.06E-07 -6.30 1.99E-03 9.98E-01 9.99E-01 8.31E-04
7.8 0.0 -7.80 6.37E-07 -6.20 1.58E-03 9.98E-01 9.99E-01 8.31E-04
7.9 0.0 -7.90 8.02E-07 -6.10 1.26E-03 9.99E-01 1.00E+00 8.32E-04
8.0 0.0 -8.00 1.01E-06 -6.00 9.99E-04 9.99E-01 1.00E+00 8.32E-04
8.1 0.0 -8.10 1.27E-06 -5.90 7.94E-04 9.99E-01 1.00E+00 8.33E-04
8.2 0.0 -8.20 1.60E-06 -5.80 6.31E-04 9.99E-01 1.00E+00 8.33E-04
8.3 0.0 -8.30 2.02E-06 -5.70 5.01E-04 9.99E-01 1.00E+00 8.34E-04
8.4 0.0 -8.40 2.54E-06 -5.60 3.98E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 8.34E-04
8.5 0.0 -8.50 3.19E-06 -5.50 3.16E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 8.35E-04
8.6 0.0 -8.60 4.02E-06 -5.40 2.51E-04 1.00E+00 1.00E+00 8.36E-04
8.7 0.0 -8.70 5.06E-06 -5.30 1.99E-04 1.00E+00 1.01E+00 8.37E-04
8.8 0.0 -8.80 6.37E-06 -5.20 1.58E-04 1.00E+00 1.01E+00 8.38E-04
8.9 0.0 -8.90 8.02E-06 -5.10 1.26E-04 1.00E+00 1.01E+00 8.40E-04
9.0 0.0 -9.00 1.01E-05 -5.00 1.00E-04 1.00E+00 1.01E+00 8.42E-04
9.1 0.0 -9.10 1.27E-05 -4.90 7.94E-05 1.00E+00 1.02E+00 8.45E-04
9.2 0.0 -9.20 1.60E-05 -4.80 6.31E-05 1.00E+00 1.02E+00 8.48E-04
9.3 0.0 -9.30 2.02E-05 -4.70 5.01E-05 1.00E+00 1.02E+00 8.52E-04
9.4 0.0 -9.40 2.54E-05 -4.60 3.98E-05 1.00E+00 1.03E+00 8.57E-04
9.5 0.0 -9.50 3.19E-05 -4.50 3.16E-05 1.00E+00 1.04E+00 8.64E-04
9.6 0.0 -9.60 4.02E-05 -4.40 2.51E-05 1.00E+00 1.05E+00 8.72E-04
9.7 0.0 -9.70 5.06E-05 -4.30 2.00E-05 1.00E+00 1.06E+00 8.83E-04
9.8 0.0 -9.80 6.37E-05 -4.20 1.58E-05 1.00E+00 1.08E+00 8.96E-04
9.9 0.0 -9.90 8.02E-05 -4.10 1.26E-05 1.00E+00 1.10E+00 9.12E-04
10.0 0.0 -10.00 1.01E-04 -4.00 1.00E-05 1.00E+00 1.12E+00 9.33E-04
10.1 0.0 -10.10 1.27E-04 -3.90 7.94E-06 1.00E+00 1.15E+00 9.59E-04
10.2 0.0 -10.20 1.60E-04 -3.80 6.31E-06 1.00E+00 1.19E+00 9.92E-04
10.3 0.0 -10.30 2.02E-04 -3.70 5.01E-06 1.00E+00 1.24E+00 1.03E-03
10.4 0.0 -10.40 2.54E-04 -3.60 3.98E-06 1.00E+00 1.30E+00 1.09E-03
10.5 0.0 -10.50 3.19E-04 -3.50 3.16E-06 1.00E+00 1.38E+00 1.15E-03
10.6 0.0 -10.60 4.02E-04 -3.40 2.51E-06 1.00E+00 1.48E+00 1.23E-03
10.7 0.0 -10.70 5.06E-04 -3.30 2.00E-06 1.00E+00 1.61E+00 1.34E-03
10.8 0.0 -10.80 6.37E-04 -3.20 1.58E-06 1.00E+00 1.77E+00 1.47E-03
10.9 0.0 -10.90 8.02E-04 -3.10 1.26E-06 1.00E+00 1.96E+00 1.63E-03
11.0 0.0 -11.00 1.01E-03 -3.00 1.00E-06 1.00E+00 2.21E+00 1.84E-03
11.1 0.0 -11.10 1.27E-03 -2.90 7.94E-07 1.00E+00 2.53E+00 2.10E-03
11.2 0.0 -11.20 1.60E-03 -2.80 6.31E-07 1.00E+00 2.92E+00 2.43E-03
11.3 0.0 -11.30 2.02E-03 -2.70 5.01E-07 1.00E+00 3.42E+00 2.85E-03
11.4 0.0 -11.40 2.54E-03 -2.60 3.98E-07 1.00E+00 4.05E+00 3.37E-03
11.5 0.0 -11.50 3.19E-03 -2.50 3.16E-07 1.00E+00 4.84E+00 4.03E-03
11.6 0.0 -11.60 4.02E-03 -2.40 2.51E-07 1.00E+00 5.83E+00 4.85E-03
11.7 0.0 -11.70 5.06E-03 -2.30 2.00E-07 1.00E+00 7.08E+00 5.89E-03
11.8 0.0 -11.80 6.37E-03 -2.20 1.58E-07 1.00E+00 8.66E+00 7.20E-03
11.9 0.0 -11.90 8.02E-03 -2.10 1.26E-07 1.00E+00 1.06E+01 8.85E-03
12.0 0.0 -12.00 1.01E-02 -2.00 1.00E-07 1.00E+00 1.31E+01 1.09E-02
12.1 0.0 -12.10 1.27E-02 -1.90 7.94E-08 1.00E+00 1.63E+01 1.35E-02
12.2 0.0 -12.20 1.60E-02 -1.80 6.31E-08 1.00E+00 2.02E+01 1.68E-02
12.3 0.0 -12.30 2.02E-02 -1.70 5.01E-08 1.00E+00 2.52E+01 2.10E-02
12.4 0.0 -12.40 2.54E-02 -1.60 3.98E-08 1.00E+00 3.15E+01 2.62E-02
12.5 0.0 -12.50 3.19E-02 -1.50 3.16E-08 1.00E+00 3.94E+01 3.28E-02
12.6 0.0 -12.60 4.02E-02 -1.40 2.51E-08 1.00E+00 4.93E+01 4.10E-02
12.7 0.0 -12.70 5.06E-02 -1.30 2.00E-08 1.00E+00 6.18E+01 5.15E-02
12.8 0.0 -12.80 6.37E-02 -1.20 1.58E-08 1.00E+00 7.76E+01 6.46E-02
12.9 0.0 -12.90 8.02E-02 -1.10 1.26E-08 1.00E+00 9.74E+01 8.11E-02
13.0 0.0 -13.00 1.01E-01 -1.00 1.00E-08 1.00E+00 1.22E+02 1.02E-01
13.1 0.0 -13.10 1.27E-01 -0.90 7.94E-09 1.00E+00 1.54E+02 1.28E-01
13.2 0.0 -13.20 1.60E-01 -0.80 6.31E-09 1.00E+00 1.93E+02 1.61E-01
13.3 0.0 -13.30 2.02E-01 -0.70 5.01E-09 1.00E+00 2.43E+02 2.02E-01
13.4 0.0 -13.40 2.54E-01 -0.60 3.98E-09 1.00E+00 3.06E+02 2.55E-01
13.5 0.0 -13.50 3.19E-01 -0.50 3.16E-09 1.00E+00 3.85E+02 3.20E-01
13.6 0.0 -13.60 4.02E-01 -0.40 2.51E-09 1.00E+00 4.84E+02 4.03E-01
13.7 0.0 -13.70 5.06E-01 -0.30 2.00E-09 1.00E+00 6.09E+02 5.07E-01
13.8 0.0 -13.80 6.37E-01 -0.20 1.58E-09 1.00E+00 7.67E+02 6.38E-01
13.9 0.0 -13.90 8.02E-01 -0.10 1.26E-09 1.00E+00 9.65E+02 8.03E-01
14.0 0.0 -14.00 1.01E+00 0.00 1.00E-09 1.00E+00 1.21E+03 1.01E+00
14.0
13.0
12.0
11.0
10.0
9.0
8.0
7.0
pH
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
-1.40E+03 -1.20E+03 -1.00E+03 -8.00E+02 -6.00E+02 -4.00E+02 -2.00E+02 0.00E+00 2.00E+02 4.00E+02 6.00
Acetic acid Acetic with dilution 50

0E+00 2.00E+02 4.00E+02 6.00E+02 8.00E+02 1.00E+03 1.20E+03 1.40E+03
Acetic with dilution 50

Given
Vo= 1 liters
At= 0.0166 10^-3
Ctb= 0.1 NaOH eq/l
ka= 1.7378E-05 10^-4.76
kw 1.01E-14
ph [H+] Vt= (ul) f CB-CA
0.0 1 -9999997 -60.24 -1.00000
0.1 0.79 -7943278.72 -47.85 -0.79433
0.2 0.63 -6309568.87 -38.01 -0.63096
0.3 0.50 -5011866.58 -30.19 -0.50119
0.4 0.40 -3981064.46 -23.98 -0.39811
0.5 0.32 -3162268.54 -19.05 -0.31623
16.0
0.6 0.25 -2511874.95 -15.13 -0.25119
0.7 0.20 -1995247.86 -12.02 -0.19952 14.0
0.8 0.16 -1584874.99 -9.55 -0.15849 12.0
0.9 0.13 -1258902.50 -7.58 -0.12589
0.10 -999971.16 -6.02 -0.10000 10.0
1.0
Axis Title
1.1 0.08 -794291.93 -4.78 -0.07943 8.0
1.2 0.06 -630911.64 -3.80 -0.06309
6.0
1.3 0.05 -501129.70 -3.02 -0.05011
1.4 0.04 -398034.74 -2.40 -0.03980 4.0
1.5 0.03 -316136.59 -1.90 -0.03161 2.0
1.6 0.03 -251073.88 -1.51 -0.02511
1.7 0.02 -199381.78 -1.20 -0.01994 0.0 1
-20000000 -10000000 0
1.8 0.02 -158307.50 -0.95 -0.01583 Axis T
1.9 0.01 -125663.71 -0.76 -0.01257
2.0 0.01 -99712.03 -0.60 -0.00997
2.1 0.01 -79070.45 -0.48 -0.00791
2.2 0.01 -62639.79 -0.38 -0.00626
2.3 0.01 -49545.13 -0.30 -0.00495
2.4 0.00 -39089.25 -0.24 -0.00391
2.5 0.00 -30715.52 -0.19 -0.00307
2.6 0.00 -23978.32 -0.14 -0.00240
2.7 0.00 -18519.31 -0.11 -0.00185
2.8 0.00 -14048.52 -0.08 -0.00140
2.9 0.00 -10329.02 -0.06 -0.00103
3.0 0.00 -7164.53 -0.04 -0.00072
3.1 0.00 -4389.35 -0.03 -0.00044
3.2 0.00 -1860.10 -0.01 -0.00019
3.3 0.00 551.07 0.00 0.00006
3.4 0.00 2962.01 0.02 0.00030
3.5 0.00 5484.90 0.03 0.00055
3.6 0.00 8229.39 0.05 0.00082
3.7 0.00 11304.38 0.07 0.00113
3.8 0.00 14818.09 0.09 0.00148
3.9 0.00 18876.05 0.11 0.00189
4.0 0.00 23576.58 0.14 0.00236
4.1 0.00 29003.47 0.17 0.00290
4.2 0.00 35216.13 0.21 0.00352
4.3 0.00 42237.91 0.25 0.00422
4.4 0.00 50044.52 0.30 0.00500
4.5 0.00 58555.27 0.35 0.00586
4.6 0.00 67630.27 0.41 0.00676
4.7 0.00 77076.14 0.46 0.00771
4.8 0.00 86661.11 0.52 0.00867
4.9 0.00 96137.48 0.58 0.00961
5.0 0.00 105267.40 0.63 0.01053
5.1 0.00 113846.42 0.69 0.01138
5.2 0.00 121720.11 0.73 0.01217
5.3 0.00 128791.56 0.78 0.01288
5.4 0.00 135019.84 0.81 0.01350
5.5 0.00 140411.90 0.85 0.01404
5.6 0.00 145010.85 0.87 0.01450
5.7 0.00 148883.68 0.90 0.01489
5.8 0.00 152110.16 0.92 0.01521
5.9 0.00 154774.19 0.93 0.01548
6.0 0.00 156957.57 0.95 0.01570
6.1 0.00 158736.18 0.96 0.01587
6.2 0.00 160177.92 0.96 0.01602
6.3 0.00 161341.90 0.97 0.01613
6.4 0.00 162278.60 0.98 0.01623
6.5 0.00 163030.44 0.98 0.01630
6.6 0.00 163632.65 0.99 0.01636
6.7 0.00 164114.21 0.99 0.01641
6.8 0.00 164498.80 0.99 0.01645
6.9 0.00 164805.63 0.99 0.01648
7.0 0.00 165050.25 0.99 0.01651
7.1 0.00 165245.16 1.00 0.01652
7.2 0.00 165400.44 1.00 0.01654
7.3 0.00 165524.14 1.00 0.01655
7.4 0.00 165622.72 1.00 0.01656
7.5 0.00 165701.36 1.00 0.01657
7.6 0.00 165764.17 1.00 0.01658
7.7 0.00 165814.49 1.00 0.01658
7.8 0.00 165854.96 1.00 0.01659
7.9 0.00 165887.73 1.00 0.01659
8.0 0.00 165914.53 1.00 0.01659
8.1 0.00 165936.79 1.00 0.01659
8.2 0.00 165955.70 1.00 0.01660
8.3 0.00 165972.24 1.00 0.01660
8.4 0.00 165987.31 1.00 0.01660
8.5 0.00 166001.71 1.00 0.01660
8.6 0.00 166016.19 1.00 0.01660
8.7 0.00 166031.54 1.00 0.01660
8.8 0.00 166048.57 1.00 0.01660
8.9 0.00 166068.19 1.00 0.01661
9.0 0.00 166091.44 1.00 0.01661
9.1 0.00 166119.56 1.00 0.01661
9.2 0.00 166154.04 1.00 0.01662
9.3 0.00 166196.73 1.00 0.01662
9.4 0.00 166249.89 1.00 0.01662
9.5 0.00 166316.37 1.00 0.01663
9.6 0.00 166399.69 1.00 0.01664
9.7 0.00 166504.29 1.00 0.01665
9.8 0.00 166635.75 1.00 0.01666
9.9 0.00 166801.07 1.00 0.01668
10.0 0.00 167009.04 1.01 0.01670
10.1 0.00 167270.76 1.01 0.01673
10.2 0.00 167600.14 1.01 0.01676
10.3 0.00 168014.74 1.01 0.01680
10.4 0.00 168536.62 1.02 0.01685
10.5 0.00 169193.60 1.02 0.01692
10.6 0.00 170020.64 1.02 0.01700
10.7 0.00 171061.80 1.03 0.01711
10.8 0.00 172372.52 1.04 0.01724
10.9 0.00 174022.59 1.05 0.01740
11.0 0.00 176099.90 1.06 0.01761
11.1 0.00 178715.07 1.08 0.01787
11.2 0.00 182007.36 1.10 0.01820
11.3 0.00 186152.10 1.12 0.01862
11.4 0.00 191370.01 1.15 0.01914
11.5 0.00 197938.97 1.19 0.01979
11.6 0.00 206208.80 1.24 0.02062
11.7 0.00 216619.89 1.30 0.02166
11.8 0.00 229726.68 1.38 0.02297
11.9 0.00 246227.14 1.48 0.02462
12.0 0.00 266999.99 1.61 0.02670
12.1 0.00 293151.46 1.77 0.02932
12.2 0.00 326074.21 1.96 0.03261
12.3 0.00 367521.49 2.21 0.03675
12.4 0.00 419700.53 2.53 0.04197
12.5 0.00 485390.04 2.92 0.04854
12.6 0.00 568088.24 3.42 0.05681
12.7 0.00 672199.10 4.05 0.06722
12.8 0.00 803266.92 4.84 0.08033
12.9 0.00 968271.52 5.83 0.09683
13.0 0.00 1176000.00 7.08 0.11760
13.1 0.00 1437514.67 8.66 0.14375
13.2 0.00 1766742.12 10.64 0.17667
13.3 0.00 2181214.94 13.14 0.21812
13.4 0.00 2703005.30 16.28 0.27030
13.5 0.00 3359900.44 20.24 0.33599
13.6 0.00 4186882.42 25.22 0.41869
13.7 0.00 5227991.06 31.49 0.52280
13.8 0.00 6538669.18 39.39 0.65387
13.9 0.00 8188715.17 49.33 0.81887
14.0 0.00 10266000.00 61.84 1.02660
Chart Title
16.0 16.0
14.0 141; 14.0 14.0
12.0 12.0
10.0 10.0
Column A
8.0 8.0 Column A
Linear (Column A)
6.0 6.0
4.0 4.0
2.0 2.0
0.0 1; 0.0 0.0

00000 -10000000 0 10000000 20000000
Axis Title
Given
Vo= 1 liters
At= 0.000832 10^-3
Ctb= 0.1 NaOH
ka= 1.7378E-05 10^-4.76
kw 1.01E-14
ph [H+] Vt= (ul) f CB-CA
0.0 1 -10000000 -1201.92 -1.00000
0.1 0.79 -7943282.17 -954.72 -0.79433
0.2 0.63 -6309573.22 -758.36 -0.63096
0.3 0.50 -5011872.05 -602.39 -0.50119
0.4 0.40 -3981071.34 -478.49 -0.39811
0.5 0.32 -3162277.20 -380.08 -0.31623
0.6 0.25 -2511885.86 -301.91 -0.25119
0.7 0.20 -1995261.59 -239.82 -0.19953
0.8 0.16 -1584892.28 -190.49 -0.15849
0.9 0.13 -1258924.26 -151.31 -0.12589
1.0 0.10 -999998.55 -120.19 -0.10000
1.1 0.08 -794326.41 -95.47 -0.07943
1.2 0.06 -630955.05 -75.84 -0.06310
1.3 0.05 -501184.35 -60.24 -0.05012
1.4 0.04 -398103.54 -47.85 -0.03981
1.5 0.03 -316223.20 -38.01 -0.03162
1.6 0.03 -251182.89 -30.19 -0.02512
1.7 0.02 -199518.99 -23.98 -0.01995
1.8 0.02 -158480.21 -19.05 -0.01585
1.9 0.01 -125881.07 -15.13 -0.01259
2.0 0.01 -99985.57 -12.02 -0.01000
2.1 0.01 -79414.66 -9.55 -0.00794
2.2 0.01 -63072.88 -7.58 -0.00631
2.3 0.01 -50089.97 -6.02 -0.00501
2.4 0.00 -39774.56 -4.78 -0.00398
2.5 0.00 -31577.30 -3.80 -0.00316
2.6 0.00 -25061.70 -3.01 -0.00251
2.7 0.00 -19880.78 -2.39 -0.00199
2.8 0.00 -15758.69 -1.89 -0.00158
2.9 0.00 -12475.97 -1.50 -0.00125
3.0 0.00 -9857.88 -1.18 -0.00099
3.1 0.00 -7765.16 -0.93 -0.00078
3.2 0.00 -6086.56 -0.73 -0.00061
3.3 0.00 -4733.05 -0.57 -0.00047
3.4 0.00 -3633.08 -0.44 -0.00036
3.5 0.00 -2728.88 -0.33 -0.00027
3.6 0.00 -1973.53 -0.24 -0.00020
3.7 0.00 -1328.68 -0.16 -0.00013
3.8 0.00 -762.77 -0.09 -0.00008
3.9 0.00 -249.75 -0.03 -0.00002
4.0 0.00 231.79 0.03 0.00002
4.1 0.00 699.15 0.08 0.00007
4.2 0.00 1165.72 0.14 0.00012
4.3 0.00 1640.92 0.20 0.00016
4.4 0.00 2130.10 0.26 0.00021
4.5 0.00 2634.44 0.32 0.00026
4.6 0.00 3151.07 0.38 0.00032
4.7 0.00 3673.57 0.44 0.00037
4.8 0.00 4192.96 0.50 0.00042
4.9 0.00 4698.88 0.56 0.00047
5.0 0.00 5181.07 0.62 0.00052
5.1 0.00 5630.60 0.68 0.00056
5.2 0.00 6040.75 0.73 0.00060
5.3 0.00 6407.51 0.77 0.00064
5.4 0.00 6729.47 0.81 0.00067
5.5 0.00 7007.50 0.84 0.00070
5.6 0.00 7244.19 0.87 0.00072
5.7 0.00 7443.22 0.89 0.00074
5.8 0.00 7608.84 0.91 0.00076
5.9 0.00 7745.47 0.93 0.00077
6.0 0.00 7857.39 0.94 0.00079
6.1 0.00 7948.51 0.96 0.00079
6.2 0.00 8022.35 0.96 0.00080
6.3 0.00 8081.96 0.97 0.00081
6.4 0.00 8129.94 0.98 0.00081
6.5 0.00 8168.46 0.98 0.00082
6.6 0.00 8199.34 0.99 0.00082
6.7 0.00 8224.07 0.99 0.00082
6.8 0.00 8243.86 0.99 0.00082
6.9 0.00 8259.70 0.99 0.00083
7.0 0.00 8272.41 0.99 0.00083
7.1 0.00 8282.62 1.00 0.00083
7.2 0.00 8290.87 1.00 0.00083
7.3 0.00 8297.59 1.00 0.00083
7.4 0.00 8303.12 1.00 0.00083
7.5 0.00 8307.77 1.00 0.00083
7.6 0.00 8311.76 1.00 0.00083
7.7 0.00 8315.32 1.00 0.00083
7.8 0.00 8318.63 1.00 0.00083
7.9 0.00 8321.87 1.00 0.00083
8.0 0.00 8325.22 1.00 0.00083
8.1 0.00 8328.83 1.00 0.00083
8.2 0.00 8332.92 1.00 0.00083
8.3 0.00 8337.70 1.00 0.00083
8.4 0.00 8343.42 1.00 0.00083
8.5 0.00 8350.39 1.00 0.00084
8.6 0.00 8358.98 1.00 0.00084
8.7 0.00 8369.64 1.01 0.00084
8.8 0.00 8382.95 1.01 0.00084
8.9 0.00 8399.61 1.01 0.00084
9.0 0.00 8420.51 1.01 0.00084
9.1 0.00 8446.76 1.02 0.00084
9.2 0.00 8479.77 1.02 0.00085
9.3 0.00 8521.28 1.02 0.00085
9.4 0.00 8573.51 1.03 0.00086
9.5 0.00 8639.24 1.04 0.00086
9.6 0.00 8721.97 1.05 0.00087
9.7 0.00 8826.10 1.06 0.00088
9.8 0.00 8957.19 1.08 0.00090
9.9 0.00 9122.21 1.10 0.00091
10.0 0.00 9329.95 1.12 0.00093
10.1 0.00 9591.48 1.15 0.00096
10.2 0.00 9920.71 1.19 0.00099
10.3 0.00 10335.19 1.24 0.00103
10.4 0.00 10856.99 1.30 0.00109
10.5 0.00 11513.88 1.38 0.00115
10.6 0.00 12340.87 1.48 0.00123
10.7 0.00 13381.98 1.61 0.00134
10.8 0.00 14692.66 1.77 0.00147
10.9 0.00 16342.71 1.96 0.00163
11.0 0.00 18420.00 2.21 0.00184
11.1 0.00 21035.14 2.53 0.00210
11.2 0.00 24327.42 2.92 0.00243
11.3 0.00 28472.15 3.42 0.00285
11.4 0.00 33690.05 4.05 0.00337
11.5 0.00 40259.00 4.84 0.00403
11.6 0.00 48528.82 5.83 0.00485
11.7 0.00 58939.91 7.08 0.00589
11.8 0.00 72046.69 8.66 0.00720
11.9 0.00 88547.15 10.64 0.00885
12.0 0.00 109320.00 13.14 0.01093
12.1 0.00 135471.47 16.28 0.01355
12.2 0.00 168394.21 20.24 0.01684
12.3 0.00 209841.49 25.22 0.02098
12.4 0.00 262020.53 31.49 0.02620
12.5 0.00 327710.04 39.39 0.03277
12.6 0.00 410408.24 49.33 0.04104
12.7 0.00 514519.11 61.84 0.05145
12.8 0.00 645586.92 77.59 0.06456
12.9 0.00 810591.52 97.43 0.08106
13.0 0.00 1018320.00 122.39 0.10183
13.1 0.00 1279834.67 153.83 0.12798
13.2 0.00 1609062.12 193.40 0.16091
13.3 0.00 2023534.94 243.21 0.20235
13.4 0.00 2545325.30 305.93 0.25453
13.5 0.00 3202220.44 384.88 0.32022
13.6 0.00 4029202.42 484.28 0.40292
13.7 0.00 5070311.06 609.41 0.50703
13.8 0.00 6380989.18 766.95 0.63810
13.9 0.00 8031035.17 965.27 0.80310
14.0 0.00 10108320.00 1214.94 1.01083

HW 5 Aquatic Chemistry

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HW 5 Aquatic Chemistry

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I = The vaklue I known a priori

Formula of ionic strength solution

Log γ1= 0.000000

Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

Log γ2= 0.000000

HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2

ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2

ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

CO2 Family formulas

ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 4.47E-07

hallar α0^C, α1^C, α2^C

Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

Formula of ionic strength solution

Log γ1= -0.126999

Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

Log γ2= -0.507995

HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2

ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2

ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

CO2 Family formulas

ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 8.02E-07

hallar α0^C, α1^C, α2^C

Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

Solution Nacl 0.2F

Formula of ionic strength solution

Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2

ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

CO2 Family formulas

ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 4.47E-07

hallar α0^C, α1^C, α2^C

Na2CO3 -------> 2Na + + CO3^-2

Data 0.1 F Na2CO3

Formula of ionic strength solution

HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2

ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

ENE : [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

CO2 Family formulas

ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 4.47E-07

hallar α0^C, α1^C, α2^C

agrede se pone este valor

Speciation for I FOR NEXT iTetration calculate I

Data 0.1 F Na2CO3

Formula of ionic strength solution. Don't work

HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2

ENE [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

ENE : [H+] [ Na+ ] = [ OH-] +[ HCO3-]+ 2[CO3^-2]

ck1 = k1/(γ1^2)= 7.32E-07

hallar α0^C, α1^C, α2^C

iado in the second Iteration

Speciation for I FOR NEXT iTetration calculate I

This is very important for getting. in

Data 0.1 F Na2CO3

Formula of ionic strength solution. Don't work

HCO3 - ------->>. CO3-2. +. H+. k2

LHS CB (weak bases )= 2[Ca+2]+2[Mg+2]+1[Na+] + 1 [k+]+ 3[Al+3] + 2[Ba2+]

RHS = (-α0NtNT) + ( α1Ft FT) + ( α1Pt * PT) +

= 2[Ca+2]+2[Mg+2]+1[Na+] + 1 [k+]+ 3[Al+3] + 2[Ba2+] +3[Fe+3] +2[Mn

LHS CB (weak bases )= 2[Ca+2]+2[Mg+2]+1[Na+] + 1 [k+]+ 3[Al+3] + 2[Ba2+]

RHS = (-α0NtNT) + ( α1Ft FT) + ( α1Pt * PT) +

LHS CB (weak bases )= 2[Ca+2]+2[Mg+2]+1[Na+] + 1 [k+]+ 3[Al+3] + 2[Ba2+]

RHS = (-α0NtNT) + ( α1Ft FT) + ( α1Pt * PT) +