Mobile Application for Water and Flood Management

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
PAVEEN K (311018106038)
PRASANTH S (311018106039)
PRIYANKA K (311018106040)

in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

KCG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600025

APRIL 2022
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “Mobile Application for Water and Flood
Management” is the bonafide work of “PAVEEN K(311018106038),
PRASANTH S(311018106039), PRIYANKA K(311018106040)” who carried
out the project work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

Dr. Kavitha Balamuragan, M.E, Ph.D Dr. V. Thulasi Bai

Head of the Department Associate Professor
Department of ECE Department of ECE
KCG College of Technology KCG College of Technology
Karapakkam Karapakkam
Chennai - 600097 Chennai - 600097

Submitted for Viva Voce on –

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We thank the Almighty GOD for the abundant blessings showered on us.
We extend our deepest love and gratitude to our dear parents who built up our
career and backed us up in life.

We thank our management and our Principal Dr. P. Deiva Sundari, for the
opportunities given to us for our career development.

We would like to convey heartfelt gratitude to the head of the department Dr. R
Jaganathan and Junior Research Fellow Mr.Dharshan Shylesh D department
of Geography, the University of Madras for their tremendous direction and
assistance in the completion of my project.

We feel indebted to the Head of the Department Dr. Kavitha Balamuragan,

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering and Dr. V. Thulasi
Bai Professor of Electronics and Communication Engineering, KCG College of
Technology, for all her encouragement, which has sustained our labour and
efforts.

We express our deepest gratitude to the internal guide and project coordinator
Dr. V. Thulasi Bai, Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering, KCG College of Technology, for his valuable
guidance, ideas and support.

We would like to thank all other faculty members of the Department of

Electronics and Communication Engineering for their help and advice
throughout our life in this campus.

Finally, we are thankful to all our friends and all others who encouraged us and
helped us for the successful completion of this project.

3
 ABSTRACT

Due to poor maintenance of pathways in which storm water flow , the water gets into urban
areas where people live. Land encroachments is a major use faced. Buildings build in the
path blocks the flow of water, so the water gets stagnant where the urban lives. Due to water
stagnation in urban areas, increases diseases caused due to impure water and mosquito.
Dumping of Garbage or Industrial Wastes into water bodies and paths affects Public Health
and Environment. Around 80% of India’s water is severely polluted because people dump
raw sewage, silt and garbage into the country’s rivers and lakes. This has led to water being
undrinkable and the population having to rely on illegal and expensive sources. Out of the
entire Indian population, experts predict that 40% of people may not have a connection to a
clean water source by 2030. Today, 1.1 billion people worldwide live in poverty without
access to safe drinking water. Water-related diseases are among the most common causes of
illness, affecting the majority in developing countries. Each year, more than 1.5 million
Indian children die from diarrhea. The proposed Mobile App provides information for both
flood management and water management. The Mobile App continually provide state, county
and local agencies with updated information about flood hazards, vulnerabilities and
mitigation initiatives. The complaints and information regarding the water blockage, water
stagnant, land encroachment, dumping of garbage or industrial waste, poor maintenance of
pathways, early flood alert are uploaded in the mobile application as picture, video and text
message with the necessary description. The exact location of the affected areas can also be
plotted in the map for easy access by the government or other NGOs to resolve the problems.
The updates of the problem will be shared via the app to the specific area or the people to
know the status of the problem. Notifications will be pushed after resolving the problem and
updates of water management activities is received.

4
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Overview 1

1.2 Objective 2

1.3 Problem statement 4

1.4 Scope 7

2 LITERATURE SURVEY 15

2.1 Crowdsourcing based description using GIS 15

2.2 Crowdsourcing based description of urban emergency 15

events using social media big data

2.3 The importance of volunteered geographic information

for the validation of flood inundation models 17

2.4 Raspberry Pi Based Water Quality Monitoring and

Flood Alerting System Using IoT 18

2.5 Web-GIS application for flood prediction and 19

Monitoring

2.6 Voice enabled Android application for vehicular

complaint system using GPS and GSMSMS technology

2.7 Application of Mobile Phones and Social Media to

Improve Grievance Redressal in Public Services

2.8 TQM and QFD: exploiting a customer complaint

management system

2.9 Using Six Sigma to Improve Complaints Handling

2.10 Linking complaint management to profit

1
3 METHODOLOGY 20

3.1 Proposed Method 20

3.2 Working 21

3.3 Workflow 28

3.4 System Architecture

3.5 Software Description

3.5.1 Android studio

3.5.2 Xampp

3.5.3 Anaconda Navigator

3.5.4 Jupyter Notebook

3.5.5 Twilio

3.6 Languages Used

3.6.1 Java

3.6.2 Python

3.6.3 MySQL

3.6 Test plan

4 IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULT

4.1 Functional module

4.1.1 User registration module

4.1.2 User login module

4.1.3 Complaint module

4.1.4 View flood details module

4.1.5

4.2 Result

2
5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 34

5.1 Conclusion 34

5.2 Future Work 34

ABSTRACT IV

LIST OF FIGURES iii

LIST OF TABLES iii

REFERENCES 35

PUBLICATIONS AND CONFERENCES 36

3
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE

1.1 AQUIFER LAYERS 5

1.2 WATER AVAILABILITY 8

1.3 SATELLITE IMAGE OF KASARAGOD 9

1.4 CHENNAI LAKE 12

1.5 SATELLITE IMAGE OF JAKARTA 14
3.1 OVERVIEW OF OUR PROJECT 20
3.2 WATER SENSOR 21
3.3 RASPBERRY PI 23
3.4 GSM MODULE 23
3.5 NODEMCU 24
3.6 WIFI MODULE 25
3.7 PIN DESCRIPTION 25
3.8 8 12C PROTOCOL 27
3.9 WORKFLOW 27
3.10 SCREENSHOT OF ALERT SMS 29
3.11 SCREENSHOT OF WEBSITE 30
3.12 CLOUD DATABASE 31
4.1. DEVELOPED DEVICE 31
4.2 MESSAGE ALERTS 32
WEBSITE SCREENSHOTS
4.3 32

4
 LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE

1.1 GROUNDWATER EXTRACTION 2

3.1 SPECIFICATIONS 22

5
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 OVERVIEW
Floods are the most lethal of natural disasters in India. Between 1980 and 2017, India
experienced 235 floods, which led to 126,286 deaths and affected 1.93 billion people. Floods
in India account for over 40 percent of the deaths out of all natural disasters. Floods are
common and most occurring natural disasters in India. When rivers overflow their banks they
cause damage to lives, property, infrastructure and crops. Floods usually are local, short-lived
events that can happen suddenly and sometimes with little or no warning. Rivers can also
flood its surroundings when the dams fail, when ice or a landslide temporarily block the
course of the river channel or when snow melts rapidly. When rivers overflow their normal
channels and flows over the land where people live it causes a flood. Again when the river
overflows a land where people do not live then it is said to be in flood.
Many different situations can cause a flood. Some of them are:
 Heavy rain at the catchment
 Melting of snow
 Cloudburst
 Storm surge
 Dams or levees breaking
Recent years have witnessed a large number of serious flood events around the world that led
to thousands of deaths, displacement of millions of people and damage and economic losses
that amount to tens of billions of Euros. In addition, projections of future climate changes and
of urban growth indicate that flood risks will be exacerbated in many regions. Consequently,
governments, policy makers and communities worldwide have been forced to review their
flood management strategies and invest more resources in portfolios of structural and non-
structural measures.

1.2 OBJECTIVE

6
 The main objectives of the proposed model is to design a new system for flood alert detection
system integration in android application. In addition, to provide real-time information about
the increase of drainage nearest and provide an alert notifications system to end user.
1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Most of the people don’t get prior information of the flood. So there is a need to find out the
way to give details of the approaching flood. The problem in the disaster management is not
lack of technology or existence of the relevant information. It is often the lack of accessibility
of the information. The capability to efficiently use information technologies to discover and
manage information, the ability to critically evaluate, and appropriately apply such
information to solve a problem, are the key spirit of investigation and determination to find
out disaster recovery solutions. Therefore, the means of identifying, locating and accessing
data and determining is crucial for carrying out efficiently respond to the problem.

1.4 SCOPE
Our country have government bodies (Municipal Corporation) which are responsible for
maintaining and running cities. Its their responsibilities to address the complaint of citizens.
For this municipal Corporation has two ways, first cameras or other surveillance devices
have to be installed and the second way is that citizens could report their problem to the
municipal corporation. The second way is mostly used because it is cheaper as compared to
first one. But it takes lot of paper work and time because the citizens has to visit the office in
person and report problem faced by them which can be solved by municipal corporation. Due
to the emergence of internet and its various capabilities ,there has been rise in the number of
complaint sites which provides citizens a platform to lodge complaint online. This project
aims at minimization of life damaged caused by floods by giving timely updates and also
solving the problems lodged by people. This is done with the help of Government authorities.

7
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 CROWDSOURCING BASED DESCRIPTION USING GIS

Now a days, information extraction is highly useful and valuable. Information Extraction is
the automated retrieval of specific information related to selected topic. Information
extraction depends on named entity recognition (NER), a subtool used to find targeted
information to extract. NER recognizes entities first as one of several categories such as
location (LOC), persons(PER) or organizations (ORG). Once the information category is
recognized, an information extraction utility extracts the named entity’s related information
and constructs a machine-readable document from it, which algorithms can further process to
extract meaning. By Michael Marchionda - Crowdsourcing is a growing, fast-paced and
effective way for organizations to gather the best ideas from online communities and use
them in ways that benefit both the organization and contributor. In this paper we have
discussed about information extraction that is location from twitter which helps people from
organization and many other backgrounds.

2.2 CROWDSOURCING BASED DESCRIPTION OF URBAN

EMERGENCY EVENTS USING SOCIAL MEDIA BIG DATA
Crowdsourcing is a process of acquisition, integration, and analysis of big and heterogeneous
data generated by a diversity of sources in urban spaces, such as sensors, devices, vehicles,
buildings, and human. Especially, nowadays, no countries, no communities, and no person
are immune to urban emergency events. Detection about urban emergency events, e.g., fires,
storms, traffic jams is of great importance to protect the security of humans. Recently, social
media feeds are rapidly emerging as a novel platform for providing and dissemination of

8
information that is often geographic. The content from social media usually includes
references to urban emergency events occurring at, or affecting specific locations. In this
paper, in order to detect and describe the real time urban emergency event, the 5W (What,
Where, When, Who, and Why) model is proposed. Firstly, users of social media are set as the
target of crowd sourcing. Secondly, the spatial and temporal information from the social
media are extracted to detect the real time event. Thirdly, a GIS based annotation of the
detected urban emergency event is shown. The proposed method is evaluated with extensive
case studies based on real urban emergency events. The results show the accuracy and
efficiency of the proposed method.

2.3 THE IMPORTANCE OF VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC

INFORMATION FOR THE VALIDATION OF FLOOD INUNDATION
MODELS
Two dimensional flood inundation models capable of simulating complex spatially and
temporally differentiated floodplain flows are routinely used to model and predict flooding.
However, advances in modelling techniques have not been matched by improvements in
model validation. Validation of flood models remains challenging due to a lack of available
spatially-explicit data; traditionally measured data and validation approaches reveal little
about the ability of a model to simulate the complex dynamics of floodplain flows, including
the pathways, timeline, and impacts of an event. In this paper we propose a novel method for
the validation of hydraulic models of flooding using quantitative and qualitative Volunteered
Geographic Information (VGI). This method uses VGI data to enhance traditionally
measured validation data by reconstructing the observed dynamics of a flood, allowing
validation of the temporal and spatial simulation of these dynamics. We illustrate the method
using a case study from Corbridge in the northeast of England, using VGI collected through
participatory research with people affected by severe flooding in 2015. The results of the
study demonstrate that VGI data can be used for the effective reconstruction of flood event
dynamics. The results also reveal that the proposed validation approach is able to identify
underperformance in the model’s simulation of event dynamics not evaluated by standard
global performance measures. Such a lack of evaluation can have adverse consequences
where dynamic model outputs are used locally to influence floodplain management. As a
9
result, we propose a new framework for model validation, adopting a pragmatic and flexible
approach to examining event dynamics using a diverse range of data.

2.4 RASPBERRY Pi BASED WATER QUALITY MONITORING AND

FLOOD ALERTING SYSTEM USING IoT
As of now multi day's water debasing is a victor among the best suppositions of strain for the
green globalization. to guarantee the water ailment, first we need to consider the water
parameters like ph, saturation, temperature and mems sensor as the sorts inside the
estimations of those parameters part closer to the closeness of contamination. in this paper we
plan and expansion a straightforwardness structure for obvious checking of the water
astonishing in iot. at present, water parameters are perceived by techniques for strategy for
mix check or research office test, wherein the seeing equipment's are table certain and
examinations are given to discovering substances. along these lines the essentialness water
reasonable watching system is a guide structure with dull strategy and is astoundingly
terrible. with the end inspiration to broaden the repeat, the evaluating sorts of mechanical
congregations might be placed in the water resources and notoriety of pollution might be
made remotely. this paper proposes a sensor-based water brilliant checking contraption that is
executed for looking over extensive and substance parameters of the water. the parameters,
for instance, temperature, ph, mems sensor and stickiness of the water might be anticipated.
the organized properties from the sensors can be made by techniques out of utilizing the
center controller. the raspberry pi model can be used as an inside controller. at expansive last,
the sensor data can be sure about web using programming interface. the uniqueness of our
proposed paper is to get the water looking structure with uncommon repeat, high adaptability,
and espresso directed.

2.5 WEB-GIS APPLICATION FOR FLOOD PREDICTION AND

MONITORING
With global warming and extensive infrastructure development close to rivers, the impacts of
flooding events have greatly increased over recent years. To support flood management, early
prediction is very useful. In this research, we have developed a decision support system for
flood prediction and monitoring that integrates GIS and hydrological modelling with
additional bridge sensors and users’ observations. Hydrological modelling considers a wide
10
range of information that affect flooding such as snow conditions, temperatures, precipitation
patterns, water levels and stream to generate flood predictions. The predicted water levels for
the next 24 and 48 hours can be displayed via dynamic web pages, and overlaid with maps of
the transportation network, property boundaries, municipal infrastructure and water depth
contour lines. In conclusion, this research can provide good flood prediction precision and
strong support to the public evacuation if flood events happen.
2.6 VOICE ENABLED ANDRIOD APPLICATION FOR VEHICULAR
COMPLAINT SYSTEM USING GPS AND GSMSMS TECHNOLOGY

Complaint registrations for government bodies i.e.: EB, PWD, etc. are offline. The
seriousness of the problem is often not known by offline means. Even reporting some of the
difficulties to Government departments have ended up in imagination based the manual letter
writing at specific timing. A mechanism to accept complaints from citizens 24 × 7 would be
the expectation from both the citizens and the government bodies. With number of people
using mobile phones is increasing, it has become a need for users to provide on their mobiles,
all facilities one is been utilizing on the internet. The proposed system enables and assists
citizens to lodge compliant and seek redressed through their mobile phone. It is based on
android UI interface system and it emulates the functionality of the web portal based
complaint filing system. This application allows the user to complaint against different
departments and they can attach a image as a proof, in case of complaining about a instance
on that time period itself will helps the user as to capture image from their application itself
and allow to complaint.

2.7 APPLICATION OF MOBILE PHONES AND SOCIAL MEDIA TO

IMPROVE GRIEVANCE REDRESSAL IN PUBLIC SERVICES

Customers are the essential factor in the organization. The business has to support the
customers' preferences and demands for creating the customer loyalty, which make the
customer still purchases with the particular company. The customer may feel dissatisfied
with the service when he or she receives the delay of services and they do not know the
channel for filing the complaint, and also the current complaint handling in the organizations
still has the problems. Therefore, we, developers of this project implemented the Smart
Complaint Management System (SCMS) consisting of the mobile application, chatbot

11
and web application, for solving the customer’s dissatisfaction issue. Furthermore, the
SCMS has the service for classifying the complaint, then automatically direct to the
responsible department, and the service for finding the similar complaint to avoid
submitting the duplicate complaint. The test result shows that this system is able to reduce
the time and procedures for complaint handling, increase the channel for filing the
complaint, and increase the channel for progress reporting and tracking the status of the
complaint.

2.8 TQM AND QFD: EXPLOITING A CUSTOMER COMPLAINT

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A Complaint Management System is considered one of contemporary productivity

enhancement gear extensively by means of all companies and management. It provides an
online way of solving the problems faced by the public by saving time and eradicate
corruption. The objective of complain management system is to make complain easier to
coordinate, monitor, track and resolve by tracking the status of complaint done by public to
the department. In this portal different-different department will be assigned for complains
and administrator of particular department will solve the problem of applicant. If within one
week , complain done by applicant is not responded then that complain will automatically
gets forwarded to higher authority and then they will solve the problem and also action will
be taken against the administrator for not reviewing the complains of the applicant. The
System will be able to show the reports like department wise pending complains, closed
complains, open complains, and Administrator performance Report. If performance report of
Administrator will be remarkable then they will be rewarded for their work. In this portal,
separate section will be there that will contain the facilities provided by government for
needy people but many are not aware of it. Lot of time and money of public will be saved
through the system.

2.9 USING SIX SIGMA TO IMPROVE COMPLAINTS HANDLING

In our country we have government bodies (Municipal Corporation) which are responsible

12
for maintaining and running cities. It‟s all their responsibilities to address the complaint of
citizens. For this municipal Corporation has 2 ways, in first cameras or other surveillance
devices have to be installed and second way is that citizens could report their problem to the
municipal corporation. The second way is mostly used because it is cheaper as compared to
first one. But it takes paper work and time too because the citizens has to visit the ward office
and report problem faced by them which can be solved by municipal corporation or as due to
the emergence of internet and its various capabilities ,there has been rise in the number of
complaint sites which provides citizens a platform to lodge a complaint online. As mobile
application is mostly used by people ,this app will help people to lodge a complaint through it
and can attach a picture of things which are causing problem and location will be tracked
using GPS(Global Positioning System).The app also provides a user facility to view status of
lodge complaint until is resolved , while online system will help officers at Municipal
Corporation to solve/reject complaint with reasons and monitor the status of complaint. The
Aim for creating this Application is to simplify the process of lodging complaint to
respective Municipal Corporation and make it quick and cheaper.

2.10 LINKING COMPLAINT MANAGEMENT TO PROFIT

This paper contends that complaint management should result in customer satisfaction but
more importantly it should lead to operational improvement and improved financial
performance. It is argued that many organisations ignore the operational value of complaints
and as a result many complaint processes seem geared to trying to mollify customers rather
than ensuring that problems do not reoccur. Using data from an empirical benchmarking
study, based on a detailed questionnaire completed by customer service managers in 40 UK
organisations, the relationships between seven key variables, complaint processes,
satisfaction, retention, process improvement, employee attitude and retention, and financial
performance are calculated and a relationship model developed. The results expose
significant correlations between all variables in the model, as a result four acid tests of
complaint management are proposed. It is suggested that financial improvements may be
better leveraged by bringing about organisational improvements and by ensuring complaint
processes are “staff-friendly”, rather than simply trying to satisfy customers.

13
 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 PROPOSED METHOD

As the problem stated the idea is to develop a mobile app through which the people of a
particular area affected by those problems can give a brief summary or capture the mitigation
uploading it to the app which also contains google earth facilities in it that makes easy to
point the location. When the issue is uploaded, it is directly passed to the government who’s
responsible for clearing the issue. Once the issues are stated via the app. It will show the
status of the complaints through notifications with the tracking details. After the information
passed inspection will be done from the government or the NGOs then necessary steps will
be taken to solve the problem

14
 Fig.3.1: Methodology

3.2 WORKING:

 We will be creating a Mobile App that provides information for both flood management and
water management.

 The Mobile App continually provide state, county and local agencies with updated
information about flood hazards, vulnerabilities and mitigation initiatives.

 The complaints and information regarding the water blockage, water stagnant, land
encroachment, dumping of garbage or industrial waste, poor maintenance of pathways, early
15
 flood alert are uploaded in the mobile application as picture, video and text message with the
necessary description.

 The exact location of the affected areas can also be plotted in the map for easy access by the
government or other NGOs to resolve the problems.

 The app also provides a user facility to view the status of complaint until is resolved , while
online system will help officers at Municipal Corporation to solve/reject complaint with
reasons and monitor the status of complaint.

 The Aim for creating this Application is to simplify the process of lodging complaint to
respective Municipal Corporation and make it quick and cheap.

The proposed system contains the following facilities over the present system:
1. People can launch their complaints from anywhere with the help of mobiles.
2. People can capture image or upload videos.
3. GPS facility will be provided so that users location can be tracked easily.
4. Simple and easy complaint launching page so that even a common layman can also use the
system easily.

3.3 WORKFLOW

There are sections that are divided as commissioner, grievance officer, head of the
department and employee each have their individual login section. When the user launches
complaint ,it is forwarded to grievance officer. It’s the duty of grievance officer to forward
the complaint to the respective head of the department if the complaint is genuine. Then the
head of the department will view the complaint and forward it to their employee and finally
the employee will allot the problem to the co -worker. Co-worker will visit the place and
check whether the problem is true or not if true then he will solve the problem. There will be
particular time span assigned in each stage. If in any stage they fail to solve the problem or in
case complaint is not forwarded within the time span then the complaint will be directly
forwarded to commissioner. In case the complaint received is fake then grievance officer or
employee has the right to reject the complaint All the status will be visible to the person who
has launched the complaint. User will be able to see whether there complaint is solved,
pending or rejected. The process of forwarding the complaints among officer and employee
will be kept hidden from the user.

16
 Fig.3.3: Workflow

3.4 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

The System architecture illustrates the entire content of the system. It represents the
interaction between the users, the mobile application, and the administrator. The user can
choose to sign in using their mobile number and the OTP sent. After logging in, the user can
access the flood app to send a description of the flood and pin the location, images can be
uploaded and flood levels are marked, disaster-affected areas can also be viewed, and users
can receive notifications and manage their account. The application requires an internet
connection and access to GPS. The administrator on the other side can also sign in. After
signing in, The web system for the administrator will receive all the reports from the users
and can view the past reports. They can also see the list of registered users and a map of the
online users in their current locations. It can produce a report by date, and location. All the
data are stored in the database and can also be retrieved.

17
 Fig.3.4: Architecture of Systems

3.5 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

3.5.1 ANDROID STUDIO

Android Studio is exclusively designed for developing Android applications. It consists of all
Android SDK tools to design, develop, maintain, test, debug and publish our app. The IDE is
designed very efficiently which makes the developer’s job easy. It also supports the IntelliJ
IDE, the main idea behind this IDE is that it automatically senses the variables, methods,
classes, built-in functions or it could be anything else when we press the first letter of it. Say,
suppose we declared few variables or methods that starts with an ‘S’, it automatically senses
everything that starts with an ‘S’ and makes suggestions. It also supports Git as a version
control system to maintain the app changes and push them into github. All java files, layout
files (for design) are integrated into a single project easily. After the completion of project,
the whole application could be put as an .APK (Android Package) file, in which we can run
that APK file in any device and use the application.

REQUIREMENTS

Microsoft® Windows® 10/8/7/Vista/2003 (32 or 64-bit)

18
Mac® OS X® 10.8.5 or higher, up to 10.9 (Mavericks)

GNOME or KDE desktop

Java JDK5 or later version

Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 6

ANDROID SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT KIT (SDK)

One of the main tools used in developing android applications, as it packages many core
features into one SDK and it can be used in the application easily. This helps us to avoid
writing lot of code, and building applications faster.

GRADLE BUILD

Gradle Scripts are the recent feature that is added to Android Studio. It is basically an
automated build system which is used to automate the various phases involved in designing
an application that includes design, development, test, debug, and publish. We need to
configure the project and modules by mentioning all the supported jar files, SDK’s, version
name, level, compiled SDK version, build tools version to ensure that the developed app is
compatible with the testing device/emulator.

SECURITY AND PERMISSIONS

Security and permissions in Android Security notions in Android are quite high. Whenever a
new Android Application is created, a unique user and group ID. This makes the
maintenance of the application in an easier way to avoid any security or privacy issues. As
the application is created uniquely, it becomes private and no one can access other’s
applications. Permissions are another important concept which is included in
AndroidManifest.XML configuration file. This is required if the application wants to access
the external features. For ex, if the application wants to access the Internet, Camera or it
could be any feature, it requires permissions. It is included within the tags as it is an XML
file. Permissions are automatically created for the basic applications at the time when we
create the application. If the app uses higher level API or SDK we must explicitly mention

19
the permissions inside uses-permissions tag to access the features or components.

3.5.2 XAMPP

Apache Xampp is an open source tool used for running PHP or PERL Web applications
locally using a Web server. Xampp is a free and open source cross-platform Web server
solution stack package developed by Apache Friends. It comes loaded with an Apache HTTP
server, MariaDB, and MySQL. It also has interpreters for the programming languages PHP
and PERL.

Fig.3.5.2: XAMPP Interface Launcher

3.5.3 ANACONDA NAVIGATOR

Anaconda Navigator is a GUI tool that is included in the Anaconda distribution and makes it
easy to configure, install, and launch tools such as Jupyter Notebook. Anaconda is an open-
20
source distribution for python and R. It is used for data science, machine learning, deep
learning, etc. With the availability of more than 300 libraries for data science, it becomes
fairly optimal for any programmer to work on anaconda for data science.The collection of
data is as simple as loading a CSV file in the program. Then we can make use of the relevant
data to analyze particular instances or entries in the data. Following is the code to load the
CSV data in the program.

Fig.3.5.3: Anaconda Interface Launcher

3.5.4 JUPYTER NOTEBOOK

The Jupyter Notebook is an open-source web application that allows you to create and share
documents that contain live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text. Its uses
include data cleaning and transformation, numerical simulation, statistical modeling, data
visualization, machine learning, and much more. Jupyter Notebook (formerly IPython
Notebooks) is a web-based interactive computational environment for creating Jupyter
21
notebook documents. One major feature of the Jupyter notebook is the ability to display plots
that are the output of running code cells.

Fig.3.5.4: Jupyter Notebook code execution

3.5.5 TWILIO

Log in to the Twilio Console's Phone Numbers page. Click on the phone number you'd like
to have connected to your Function. If you want the Function to respond to incoming SMS,
find the A Message Comes In option under Messaging. When you use a Messaging Service
SID, Twilio will automatically send your message using one of the phone numbers in your
service pool. A messaging service is like a container for your phone numbers, bundled
around common use cases, such as routing intelligence and content features.

22
Fig.3.5.5: SMS Verification

23
3.6 LANGUAGES USED

3.6.1 JAVA
Java As the project is developing an Android Application, the default programming language
is Java. All Android applications are built using Java in Android Studio or Eclipse or both.
Java is a popular and widely used language throughout the world. As mentioned in, Java is
one of the powerful programming languages like C, C++. developed by Sun Microsystems
which has many powerful features as described below. After the development of C, C++,
Java has come into evolution by addressing their drawbacks. It is one of the open source
projects that could be easily installed in our machine. The language is also easy to learn,
understand and implement. Java is used in various kinds of applications like Web, Desktop,
Mobile, and Big Data. Many powerful features are supported by Java including various
libraries, application services, graphics library for 2D/3D applications. The language is
flexible enough to maintain code complexity, test, implementation, integration and support.
Apart from these, there are other key features which make Java more special. It is object
oriented programming language, one of the important hierarchies in the programming
languages which is used to implement real time applications, it provides for code reusability,
it has a platform independence feature including any virtual machines(Write Once Read
Everywhere), as in no need to write the 20 code for different OS as the Java Compliers
convert the java source files to byte code and this could be interpreted by any machine and
the actual code is compiled irrespective of any machine, OS. It is more secured as the
compilers are designed efficiently to figure out any kind of errors.

3.6.2 PYTHON
Python is a computer programming language often used to build websites and software,
automate tasks, and conduct data analysis. Python is a general-purpose language, meaning it
can be used to create a variety of different programs and isn't specialized for any specific
problems. Mobile app development with Python is regarded fit for creating system
administration apps as it allows developers to easily communicate with the operating system.
It enables developers to interface with the OS on which Python is currently running. This
language makes all the IO operations accessible which includes simple reading and writing to
the file system. It is a versatile, efficient and reliable programming language.
24
Python web app development is much faster than most modern languages.
Python’s code is easy to read, understand and learn.
It is compatible with numerous operating systems.
It facilitates test-driven app development.
Hundreds of Python libraries and frameworks are available for developers.
It gives excellent cross-platform support.
Python supports Big Data, Machine Learning & Cloud Computing.

Fig.3.6.2: Python Code Execution

3.6.3 MYSQL
MySQL Database In this project, I have used MySQL database to store the data. This is one
of the popular open source relational database management systems. We can perform all
DDL, DML, DCL operations using this database. This also supports different programming
language applications. The applications could connect the database using separate ways
which includes PHP myadmin WAMP, LAMP, Web Services. To use this database, we
should first download, install and configure the MySQL instance in our machine. While
configuring, we should give access credentials which could be used further whenever you
open the MySQL shell.

25
 Fig.3.6.3: MySQL Code Execution

3.7 TEST PLAN AND ACTIVITIES

Test plan is necessary for any project to plan the testing phase and decide the scope of the
project. Test plan involves collecting design specifications about the project, wiring test
cases, executing them manually or automatically using automated testing tools. Testing any
application is highly important. Test plan is necessary for any project to plan the testing
phase and decide the scope of the project. Test plan involves collecting design specifications
about the project, wiring test cases, executing them manually or automatically using
automated testing tools. Test plan is a method of documenting the test cases, specification
plans and other basic level details about how the application works. Test Activities for this
project includes various testing like:
 Black Box testing: In this project, sample test cases are written and manual testing is done
to check the functionality of the application.
 White Box testing: Once the application meets the user requirements and functionalities
according to the test cases, its internal logic are completely tested to ensure that the
application does not have any logical errors or issues.
 Unit Testing: We have tested all the modules of the application individually by running as
26
a test program.
 Integration testing: After testing the modules individually, tested them by integrating all
the sub modules, modules into one application.
 System Testing: It refers to checking whether the system in which the application is built
meets the necessary requirements like software support. For example: In this project, We
have checked whether the device in which the application developed is compatible with the
software (Android Studio).

CHAPTER 4

IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULT

4.1FUNCTIONAL MODULE
The mobile application that gives flood information to users, allows them to send complaints
about the inaccessibility of an area due to flood, receive notifications and get updates. This
mobile application is composed of five main modules

4.1.1 USER REGISTRATION MODULE

The first time users are allowed to create an account with a mail address, first and last
name, and mobile number. To verify the mobile number OTP will be sent to the
registered mobile number. After entering all the correct details account will be
created and the mobile application can be used.

27
 Fig.4.1.1: App Registration

4.1.2 USER LOGIN MODULE

To use the app after registering mobile number is needed to authenticate OTP is
required. Individual login facility is there for every officer and employee so that they
can see the complete procedure of complaint and can even solve the complaints. The
procedure of forwarding the complaints and solving complaints will not be visible to
the user. The user will only get to know the status.

28
Fig.4.1.2: OTP Verification Code

29
Fig.4.1.3: Login Page

30
4.1.3 COMPLAINT MODULE
The users can send a description of flooded area using this module. They should also specify
what the current flood level is. This collection of a report used for crowdsourcing of data
about the status of a particular reported area. In this module, users can launch their
complaints. The complaint form will be simple so that a common man can use it. In the
complaint, form users can upload photos and can even upload videos. The user has to give
the complaint details. Gps facility is provided so that users’ location can be tracked. This
collection of information is used for crowdsourcing data about the status of a particular
reported area.

31
 Fig.4.1.3: Complaint Module

4.1.4 LOCATION TRACKING MODULE

The application will be built in such a way that it will provide the current location of the
person complaining can be tracked and will be visible to the admin on the server-side.

32
 Fig.4.1.3: Location Tracking Module

4.1.5 VIEW FLOOD DETAILS MODULE

In this module all the complaints given by the people can be viewed in detail with
description, area, images, and maps.
33
Fig.4.1.5: View Flood Details Module

34
Fig .4.1.5.1: View Flood Details Module

35
 CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

5.1 CONCLUSION

Integrating technology such as crowdsourcing to different platforms and tools has a positive
impact on a community during a disaster regardless of the location. Crowdsourcing using a
smartphone is a conventional way to obtain data regarding events such as natural disasters.
Technology is capable of saving lives even though natural disaster is impossible to prevent
from happening. Such technology could help commuters monitor the flooded areas around
us. They can get directions going to their destination without going to the flooded routes.

This app helps the commuters to view the flood information of a specific area. It may serve
as a medium that permits the user to send reports and notifies the other users about the
accessibility of an area. The application gives stranded commuters an alternative route.

Problems such as natural disasters are frequently happening around the world. Citizens and
Governments have learned from their past experiences and are now capable of addressing the
adversities of the natural disaster. Smartphones and other technology such as crowdsourcing
is needed for more people to be aware of the situation and save property.

5.2 FUTURE WORK

36
 REFERENCES

[1] "crowdsourcing based description using GIS", International Journal of research and
analytical reviews, ISSN:2348-1269, Vol.6, Issue 1, March - 2019

[2] "crowdsourcing based description of urban emergence events using social media big
data, IEEE, Zheng xv, Yunhuai Liu, Neil.Y.Yen, Linmei xino Wei - 2015

[3] "The importance of volunteered geographical information for the validation of flood
inundation models, Journal of Hydrology Elsevier, pg 267 - 280, May 2018

[4] "Raspberry pi based water quality monitoring and flood alerting system using IoT",
International Journal of recent technology and engineering, ISSN:2277 - 3878, Vol.7,
Issue 6s4, April- 2019

[5] "Web GIS application for flood prediction and monitoring, International journal of
science and research, Dark mioc, D.Fraser - 2016

[6] "Voice enabled android application for vehicular complaint system using GPS -
SMS", World congress on information and communicating technology, Aditi mphasekar,
Priyanka Kulkarni, Uma Nagarsekar, Dhananjav R Kalbande – 2012

[7] "Evaluating public service reforms in India a combined experimental and survey
based approach", International journal of science and research", Jennifer Bussel – 2015

[8] "TQM and QFD: exploiting a customer complaint management system", Emerald
insight journals & case studies", Veronica Gonzalez Bosch, Volume 1 issue 1

[9] "Using six sigma to improve complaint handling, Researchgate", Volume ISBN978-
988- 19252- 2-0, 2012

[10] "Alcoholic beverages suppliers services quality expectations", Researchgate, Pelser.

T.G Beukes.J. and Prinsloc.J.J- June 2021

37
[11] "A review of citizen science and crowdsourcing in the application of pluvial
flooding", Frontier in earth science, March 2019 Volume 7 Article 44

[12] "statistical inference of tele Opthalmology camp data using GIS", International
Journal of research and science, ISSN:2348-6848, Vol.6, Issue 3, March - 2019

38
PUBLICATIONS AND CONFERENCES

39
37
38
39
40