Questions & answers Sy Drilling Engineering Section 6 Kill MethodsWhich of the following statements are true? (TWO ANSWERS) a. The surface line volume (pump to Rig Floor) does not need to be considered when starting the kill b. Bring pumps must be brought up to speed holding the casing pressure constant, ¢. The surface line volume will affect the time at which the kill mud will increase bottom hole pressure 4. Maintain the drill pipe pressure constant when bringing the pumps up to kill speed, When is Shut In Casing Pressure used in well control a. To calculate the slow circulating rate b. To calculate kill mud weight ¢. To maintain bottom hole pressure constant during pump start up. With a surface BOP what will happen if, when bringing the pumps up to kill speed, the casing pressure is allowed to increase above Shut In Casing Pressure? a. No change to downhole pressure. b. Downhole pressure would decrease and possibly cause more influx to enter the wellbore. ¢. Downhole pressure would increase and may exceed formation fracture. WELL DATA Slow circulation rate pressure 400 psi at 40 spm ‘The well has been shut in after a kick: - Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure 300 psi Shut In Casing Pressure 700 psi Circulation is started with the original mud, While the pump is being brought up to 40 spm which pressure must be held constant to maintain the correct bottom hole pressure? 1,000 psi at the casing gauge. b, 700 psi at the casing gauge. ©. 700 psi at the drill pipe gauge 4, 1100 psi at the drill pipe gauge During a kill opers SPM is held const jon the choke is adjusted to increase drill pipe pressure by 100 psi r ‘What will happen to the casing shoe pressure? a. Itwill decrease. b, Itwill remain constant, ce. Itwill increase,6, Whilst drilling a horizontal well a fault is crossed and a kick is taken, The well is shut in Calculate the mud weight required to kill the well using the data below: WELL DATA MD TVD Depth at start of horizontal 7,690 feet 6,100 feet Depth at time of kick 11,000 feet 6,140 feet Length of horizontal section 3,310 feet Mud weight 1 ppg KICK DATA ‘Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure 150 psi Shut In Casing Pressure 170 psi Oo ——1146_ ___ pz 7. Inawell with a long open hole sectio minimise the risk of losses? which of the following kill methods will a. Bullheading Method. b. Driller’s Method, . Wait and Weight Method. d. Volumetric Method. 8. When killing a well what will happen to the mud pit volume as the gas is circulated up the hole? a. It will increase b. Itwill stay the same, ©. Itwill decrease 9. What is surface pit volume most likely to do as a gas kick is being circulated up the hole? a. Increase. b. Stay the same, c. Decrease. 10, (S).A gas kick is being circulated out using the Drillers Method. What will happen to the bottom hole pressure ifthe gas bubble is not allowed to expand as it is circulated up the hole? a. Iwill increase b. Stay the same c. Itwill decrease,Which method removes the influx from the hole before pumping kill mud? a. Wait and Weight Method. b. Driller’s Method Which method maintains drill pipe pressure constant for the first circulation? a. Wait and Weight Method. b. Driller’s Method. When operating the choke there is normally a time delay before the drillpipe pressure changes, What is the ‘rule of thumb’ for this time delay in pressure transmission from choke to drillpipe gauge? a, 3—S seconds b, 750 feet/minute ©. I minute per 1000 feet of travel d. I second per 1000 feet of travel (S) The Driller’s Method is used to kill a salt-water kick. ‘What will happen to the casing pressure when the influx moves up the annulus? a. Casing pressure will slowly decrease as influx is circulated up the annulus. bb, Salt water will behave in the same way as a gas influx. €. As influx expands Casing Pressure will increase d, Casing pressure will only change due to changes in annular size When killing a vertical well when is Final Circulating Pressure reached? 8, When kill mud reaches the casing shoe. b. When the influx is out of the hole ©. When kill mud reaches the bit. 4d, When starting to pump kill mud down the drill string, Which kill method pumps kill mud at the same time as circulating the influx up the annulus? a. Wait and Weight Method b._ Driller's Method. Which kill method minimises the pressure in the annulus caused by gas expansion? a. Wait and Weight Method. b. Driller’s Method.18, A kill operation is ready to start, The Wait and Weight Method is to be used. ‘The kill mud is ready to be pumped. It takes 100 strokes to displace surface lines. What is the correct procedure? a. Ignore the 100 strokes. It will not affect the drill pipe pressure schedule, and may give an added safety factor b. Subtract the 100 strokes from the surface to bit strokes and re-calculate the drill pipe pressure schedule. ¢. Re-Zero stroke counter after 100 strokes are pumped. 19. A kick is shut in and is to be killed using the Wait and Weight Method. Pre-recorded data:- Vertical depth of well 11,000 feet Total string volume 1,900 strokes Total annulus volume 13,300 strokes Slow pump rate data:- At25 SPM 300 psi Kick data: ‘Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure 550 psi Shut In Casing Pressure 650 psi Mud weight in the well 11.0 ppg Caleulate the kill mud weight? o 11.96 ppg F-l420. A kick is shut in and is to be killed using the Wait and Weight Method. re-recorded data:- Vertical depth of well 11,000 feet Total string volume 1,900 strokes Total annulus volume 13,300 strokes Slow pump rate data:- At25 SPM 300 psi Kick data: Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure 550 psi Shut In Casing Pressure 650 psi Mud weight in the well 11.0 ppg What is the Initial Circulating Pressure (ICP) at 25 SPM? o 850 psi 21. A kick is shut in and is to be killed using the Wait and Weight Method. re-recorded data:- Vertical depth of well 11,000 feet Total string volume 1,900 strokes Total annulus volume 13,300 strokes Slow pump rate data:- At2SSPM 300 psi Kick data:- Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure 550 psi Shut In Casing Pressure 650 psi Mud weight in the well 11.0 ppg What is the Final Circulating Pressure (FCP) at 25 SPM? a psi 22. A kill operation is ready to start, The Wait and Weight Method is to be used. Kill mud is ready to be pumped, but it takes 10 bbls to fill the surface lines. ‘What is the correct procedure? a. Subiract the 10 bbls (converted to pump strokes) from the total strokes to be pumped. b. Ignore it. Start the kill operation. It will not affect your drill pipe pressure schedule c. Re-zero stroke counter when kill mud reaches the drill pipe.23, (S) Kill mud is being circulated down the drill string in a horizontal well. The pumps are stopped and the well is shut in as the kill mud reaches the start of the horizontal section (2000 ft long), What would you expect the Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure to be? a Zero. b, The same as the slow circulation rate. c. The same as the original Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure, d. The same as the Shut In Casing Pressure. ©. Original SIDPP less the hydrostatic of 2000 f of mud. 24. A gas kick is being circulated out using the Wait and Weight Method, ‘What will happen to the bottom hole pressure if spm is increased whilst holding casing pressure constant? (Ignore pressure losses in the annulus), a. Stay the same. b. Increase c. Decrease 25, What will happen if we ignore a large surface line volume (from the mud pumps to the drill floor)when preparing a kill sheet for a Wait and Weight Method kill? (TWO ANSWERS) a. The drill pipe pressure schedule will result in a bottom hole pressure that is too low. b. The total time to kill the well will be shorter than calculated. ¢. The total time to kill the well will be longer than calculated. d. The drill pipe pressure schedule will result a bottom hole pressure that is too hi e. There will be not effect on the bottom hole pressure. 26, (S) Ina well with a long open hole section, which of the following kill methods will minimise the risk of losses? a. Bullheading Method. b, Driller’s Method ©. Wait and Weight Method. d. Volumetric Method. 27. (S) A kick is being circulated out at 50 spm. Drill pipe pressure reads 850 psi and casing pressure 1,150 psi. It is decided to slow the pumps to 30 spm while maintaining 1,150 psi on the casing gauge How will this affect bottom hole pressure (exclude any annular friction losses)? a. Increase, b. Stay the same. ec. Decrease28. Kill mud is pumped to the bit holding drillpipe pressure constant. What is the effect on bottom hole pressure? a. Stay the same. b. Decrease. c. Increase 29, (S) During a kill pump speed is increased from 20 to 40 spm whilst holding drill pipe Pressure constant. What will happen to bottom hole pressure? a. Itwill stay the same. b, Iwill increase c. Itwill decrease, 30, (S) If pump speed is increased whilst killing a well, what should happen to the easing pressure to maintain constant bottom hole pressure? a. Casing pressure should be held steady during spm increase. b. Casing pressure should be allowed to rise during spm increase. c. Casing pressure should be allowed to fall during spm increase 31. (S) A well is being killed using the Driller's method. ‘The drill pipe pressure is 950 psi at 35 spi. Duc to increasing pressure inside the mud/gas separator it is decided to reduce the pump speed to 25 spm ‘What is the effect on bottom hole pressure if 950 psi is held on the drill pipe gauge while the pump rate is reduced? 4. Bottom hole pressure will decrease. b. Bottom hole pressure will increase ¢. Bottom hole pressure will stay the same. 32. (S) During a kill the pump rate is reduced whilst holding casing pressure constant. How will this affect bottom hole pressure? a. There is no way of knowing the effect on bottom hole pressure b. There will be a large drop in bottom hole pressure €. Bottom hole pressure will increase and may cause formation breakdown, d. Bottom hole pressure will stay constant.33, (S) A kick is being circulated out at 30 spm and the Final Circulating Pressure is 650 psi ‘What will happen to the bottom hole pressure if the pump speed is increased to 35 spm whilst holding drill pipe pressure at 650 psi? a. It will decrease. b, Itwill stay the same, c. Itwill increase. 34, (S) When starting a kill operation on a Jack Up, the choke pressure is kept constant whilst bringing the pump up to speed. The drill pipe gauge reads 150 psi higher than the calculated Initial Circulating Pressure (ICP), What is the correct action to take? a. There will now be 150 psi overbalance on the bottom. Nothing needs to be done. b. Continue to circulate with the new ICP and adjust the drill pipe pressure graph ©. Open the choke id let the standpipe pressure drop to the calculated value (ICP) 35, Due to a power failure, itis not possible to start the kill operation and both drill pipe and. casing pressure readings are increasing at the same rate due to gas migration. ‘The bit is. on bottom. Which pressure must be kept const i to maintain constant bottom hole pressure? a. Casing shoe pressure b. Influx pressure, ©. Shut In Casing Pressure. 4, Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure 36. During top hole drilling from a jack-up rig, the well starts to flow due to shallow gas. ‘What will be the safest action to take to secure the safety of the rig and personnel? (TWO ANSWERS) a. Line up to the mud/gas separator, close the diverter and send personnel to the lifeboats. b. Start pumping mud into the well at the highest possible rate €. Shut in the well and prepare to bullhead immediately. 4. Shut in the well using the blind/shear rams. €. Activate the diverter system and remove non-essential personnel from the rig floor 37. Ifa shallow gas flow is detected, which of the following should be taken at the same time as activating the diverter? a. Maintain pump rate b. Increase pump rate €. Decrease pump rate38. For each of the following statements, note if it relates to either the Wait and Weight method or the Driller’s Method . Tick the appropriate space. 4, Maintain Drill Pipe pressure constant for Ist circulation Wm Driller’s 1 Wait and Weight b. Minimise pressures in the Annulus due to gas expansion, OO Driller’s W Wait and Weight ¢. Pump kill mud whilst circulating influx up the Annulus. O prilter's 4d. Remove influx from hole before pumping kill mud. BH Driller's Wait and Weight Hold Casing Pressure constant as kill mud is pumped to the bit 1m Driller’s 1D Wait and Weight 39, Which ofthe following statements are true when starting up to kill a well? (Choose TWO answers), a. Maintain the Drill Pipe Pressure constant when bringing the pumps up to kill speed. b. The Surface line volume (pump to rig floor) will affect the time at which kill mud starts to increase mud hydrostatic. Bring pumps up to speed holding casing pressure constant. 4. The Surface line volume (pump to rig floor) will not need to be considered during start up. 40. When circulating up a gas influx, what will happen to the pit volume while the gas is still in the hole? (Choose ONE answer) a. Itwill stay the same. b. Itwill decrease. c. It will increase. 41, Ready to kill well using Wait and Weight method. It takes 100 strokes to pump kill mud to the rig floor. What action has to be taken? (Choose ONE answer), a. Re-zero stroke counter after 100 strokes are pumped. b. Add the 100 strokes to the bit to surface strokes €. Ignore the 100 strokes. It will not affect the drill pipe pressure graph.42, Which of the following kill techniques will minimise risk of losses. a. Bullheading Method. b.Driller’s Method © Wait and Weight Method. d. Volumetric Method 43, (S) Which of the following actions would minimise pressure on the open hole? (Choose THREE answers). a. Slower pump rate to kill well, b. Use the Wait and Weight Method. c. Use the Driller’s Method, 4, Shut-in early to minimise kick size. 44. During a kill operation, there is a time delay between operating the choke and observing a change in the Drill Pipe Pressure, This delay is approximately: a. I second per 1000 ft of hole length. b. Sto 10 seconds. 5 to 10 minutes. 750 feet per minute, 45. (S) A gas kick is being circulated out, What will happen to the bottom hole pressure in the three situations below? (Assume no pressure loss in the Annulus) 1. If drill pipe pressure is held constant when kill mud is being pumped to the bit? a, Stay the same b. Increase ©. Decrease, HL Ifthe gas influx is not allowed to expand as it migrates up the hole? a. Stay the same b. Increase c. Decrease. IIL. IfSPM is increased holding casing pressure constant? a. Stay the same b. Increase. c. Decrease.46. A kick is taken while drilling a horizontal well. Using the data below, calculate the kill mud weight, Well Data; Measured depth at start of horizontal section 6,500 ft Measured depth at time of kick : 10,500 ft True vertical depth at start of horizontal : 4,050 ft True vertical depth at time of kick : 3.970 ft Length horizontal section 4,000 ft Drilling fluid density i 11.2 ppg Kick Data; ‘Shut-in drill pipe pressure 150 psi Shut-in casing pressure 150 psi Answer: 119, ppg Flt 47. Ifa kick occurs while drilling a horizontal well, why is there little or no difference between SIDPP and SICP? In horizontal wells, the influx is not able to migrate. b, Mud density and formation fh density are the same when drilling horizontal wells, cc. Volume inside the string is the same as volume in the Annulus. 4. The vertical height of the influx has little effect on the hydrostatic head in the Annulus 48. During a kill operation, minor losses are experienced. What could you do to reduce the pressure at the loss zone? a. Reduce mud viscosity b. Stop circulation and shut in the well. Allow the influx to migrate to surface using the Volumetric Method. ©. Reduce pump speed and keep bottom hole pressure as close to formation pressure as possible. 49, (S) When using the Driller’s Method, what must happen to the casing pressure when pumping kill mud to the bit? a. Must be held constant. b. Must be allowed to increase. cc. Must be allowed to decrease d._ Itis impossible to say50, (S) A well is being killed using the Driller’s method. Original Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure = 600 psi Original Shut In Casing Pressure = 900 psi ‘After the first circulation, the well is sbut in and the pressures rea Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure ~ 600 psi Shut In Casing Pressure = 700 psi Itis decided not to spend any more time cleaning the hole. Which of the following actions should be taken? a. Continue with second circulation of Driller’s method, holding casing pressure constant until kill mud reaches the bit b. Bullhead annulus until Shut In Casing Pressure is reduced to 600 psi €. Use Volumetric technique to remove remaining influx. d. Continue with the second circulation of Driller’s method, following a calculated drill pipe pressure schedule as kill mud is pumped to the Bit. 51, (8) A gas kick is being circulated out using the Wait and Weight Method. What will happen to the bottom hole pressure if drill pipe pressure is held constant when kill mud is being pumped to the bit? a. Stay the same b. Decrease c. Increase 52, (S) When circulating a gas kick from a well using the Driller’s Method, what happens to the casing shoe pressure as the influx is circulated past the shoe? a, The casing shoe pressure will decrease b. The casing shoe pressure will remain stay the same. . The easing shoe pressure will increase. 53, (S) On a land rig salt-water kick is circulated out using the Driller’s Method, ‘When will the surface casing pressure be at it maximum value? (TWO ANSWERS) a, When the kill mud is pumped into the drill pipe. b. When the kick reaches the casing shoe. c, When the kick has been circulated to the surface 4. When the kill mud reaches the bit. €, Immediately after the well has been shut in f When the kick is in the narrowest annulus54, (S) Ifa kick is shut in on a surface BOP stack and the slow circulating rate pressures is not known. What procedure should be used to obtain the correct Initial Circulating Pressure? a, Only use the Driller’s Method. As the drill pipe pressure does not change during the entire circulation itis only required to observe that the drill pipe pressure remains constant and equal to the Shut In Drill Pipe Pressure. b. When starting to kill the well, keep the choke pressure as close as possible to the Shut In Casing Pressure. When the selected kill pump rate has been reached, read the drill pipe pressure and use that as the Initial Circulating Pressure. ¢, Check the records and choose the kill rate circulating pressure taken with the last BIA in the hole nearest to the depth where the kick took place. Add 100 psi to this value as a precautionary measure 4. Contact the mud logger and request the best possible calculation of the Initial Circulating Pressure intended for use during the well kill, 95. (S) Which of the following statements is true? a, The Wait and Weight Method should always be used because the pressure against the ‘open hole will always be lower than when using the Driller’s Method. b. Ifthe kill mud enters the annulus before the kick reaches the shoe then the Wait and ‘Weight Method will reduce the risk of formation breakdown compared to the Driller’s Method, ¢, There is no difference between using the Driller’s Method or the Wait and Weight Method. 56, (S) While circulating out a gas kick, when is it possible for the pressure at the casing shoe to be at its maximum? (TWO ANSWERS) a, When kill mud reaches the casing shoe b. At initial shut in. When kill mud reaches the bit. 4d. When top of gas reaches the casing shoe 57. (S) When circulating out a kick in a deep well the casing pressure approaches the MAASP while the influx is still in the open hole Which is the MOST IMPORTANT action to take? 4. Minimise any extra pressure in the annulus without allowing bottom hole pressure to fall below pore pressure. b, Keep the casing pressure at MAASP by opening the choke €. Start pumping mud down the drillstring at 1 ppg higher than needed to kill.58. 99, 60. 61 62, (S) At what stage during a kill operation can choke pressure reading exceed MAASP without breaking down the formation at the shoe? a, When the influx is in the open hole section. b. When the influx is on bottom. ©. When the kill mud is at the bit. d. When the influx is above the casing shoe. (S) Which of the following statements are true for the Casing Shoe? a. The Wait and Weight Method will always give a lower pressure on the casing shoe than the Driller’s Method, b. The Driller’s Method will give the lowest casing shoe pressure when the open hole annulus volume is larger than the drill string volume. ¢, The Wait and Weight Method will give the lowest casing shoe pressure when the open hole volume is greater than the drill string volume. 4d. The Wait and Weight Method will give the lowest casing shoe pressure when the open hole annulus volume is smaller than the drill string volume. €, The casing shoe pressure will always be the same, regardless of the method used. (S) Which of the following is correct when comparing the Driller’s Method with the Wait and Weight Method? a, The Wait and Weight Method should always be used because the pressure against the open hole will always be lower b. Itthe kill mud is being circulated up the annulus before the kick has reached the shoe, then the Wait and Weight Method will reduce the risk of lost circulation ¢. There is no difference between using the Drillers Method or the Wait and Weight Method, (S) A kick was detected whilst drilling ahead and the well shut in. The long open hole section has a number of formations that are potential lost circulation zones. Which of the following methods should be used to minimise the well bore pressure in the open hole? a, Volumetric Method. b. Driller’s Method. ¢, Wait and Weight Method, 4 Bullheading, (S) In which of the following situations will the Wait and Weight Method give lower casing shoe pressures than the Driller’s Method? a, Casing shoe pressure is always lower when using the Wait and Weight method, b. Drill string volume less than annulus open hole volume. ¢. Drill string volume greater than annulus open hole volume63, (S) The pump is brought up to kill rate holding the casing pressure constant. The drill pipe gauge reading was 150 psi above calculated Initial Circulating Pressure. What action should be taken? ‘a, Open choke to reduce drill pipe pressure back to the calculated Initial Circulating Pressure. b. Shut down and clean out choke manifold or change to another choke. Carry on, everything is OK. 4d. Recalculate circulating pressure schedule based on actual drill pipe gauge reading, 64, (S) A well is being killed using the Drillers Method. Original SIDPP = 750 psi Original SICP = 1000 psi ‘After the first circulation, the well is shut in and pressure allowed to stabilise. They read: SIDPP = 750 psi sIcP = 850 psi It is decided not to spend anymore time circulating. Which one of the following actions should be taken? (Choose ONE answer) a, Use the Wait and Weight Method b. Bullhead to reduce SICP to 0 psi €, Continue with second circulation of Drillers Method (holding Casing Pressure constant until kill mud reaches the bit) d._ Reverse circulate to reduce pressures to 0 psi 65. (S) When using the Driller’s Method , what should happen to the Casing Pressure as kill mud is pumped to the Bit? (Choose ONE answer), a. Stay the same b. Decrease. ©. Increase. 66, (S) Final Circulating Pressure (FCP) is maintained constant: (Choose ONE answer) ‘Once influx is out of the well. b. While pumping bottoms up after kill mud has passed the bit ©. Once kill mud reaches the Casing Shoe dd. When pumping kill mud down to the bit, 67. (S) In which of the following situations will the Wait and Weight method give lower Casing Shoe pressure, compared to Driller’s Method? (Choose ONE answer) 4. Annulus open hole capacity is less than drillstring capacity. bb, Annulus open hole capacity is greater than drillstring capacity ¢. Wait and Weight will always give lower Casing Shoe pressures.68, (S) When pumping kill mud to the bit in high angle wells, the stand pipe pressure is always? a, Lower than in a vertical well with the same measured depth b. Higher th a in a vertical well with the same measured depth c. The same as in a vertical well with the same measured depth. 69, (S)_ Which of the following would give lower annulus pressures in a long open hole section? (THREE ANSWERS) Use the Driller’s Method. b, Use the Wait and Weight Method ¢. Use a slower pump rate to kill the well. d. Minimise the amount of influx. 70. (S) What are the correct actions that can be taken to minimise pressure in the annulus during the kill operation? (TWO ANSWERS) Use the Wait and Weight Method. b. Choose a lower pump rate. © Choose a higher pump rate. d. Maintain extra back-pressure on the choke for safety