ALGEBRA

Proportions and Variations

1. If y varies directly with x and y = 4 when x = 5, what is the value of y when x = 8?
2. A military camp has 300 men. The required meal budget for six months of training is 1
million pesos. At the end of training period, 128 men were laid off and the remaining is
to undergo the next stage of training for 2 months. What is the required budget at this
point?

Number / Digit Problem

3. Find a number such that three-eighths of the number minus one-half of it is 14 less than
three-fourths of the number.
4. Find three consecutive integers such that the sum of the first plus one-third of the second
plus three-eighths of the third is 25.
5. The sum of the digits of a three-digit number is 14. The hundreds digit being 4 times
the units digit. If 594 is subtracted from the number, the order of the digits will be
reversed. What is the number?

Age Problem
6. Dominic’s present age is 10 years more than Michele’s present age. In 5 years Michele’s
age will be three-fifths of Dominic’s age. What are their present ages?
7. A mother is now three times as old as her daughter. In 4 years, the mother will be four
times as old as the daughter was, two years ago. How old is the daughter?

Motion Problem
8. Two trains leave a city at the same time, one traveling east and the other traveling west.
At the end of 9.5 hours, they are 1292 miles apart. If the rate of the train traveling east
is 8 miles per hour faster than the rate of the other train, find their rates.
9. On a 130-mile trip from Orlando to Sarasota, Roberto encountered a heavy
thunderstorm for the last 40 miles of the trip. During the thunderstorm he drove an
average of 20 miles per hour slower than before the storm. The entire trip took 2.5 hours.
How fast did he drive before the storm?
10. John Paul always runs his pontoon boat at full throttle, which results in the boat traveling
at a constant speed. Going up the river against the current the boat traveled 72 miles in
4.5 hours. The return trip down the river with the help of the current only took three
hours. Find the speed of the boat and the speed of the current.
Mixture Problem
11. Bryan’s Pest Control stocks a 7% solution of insecticide for lawns and also a 15%
solution. How many gallons of each should be mixed to produce 40 gallons that is 12%
insecticide?
12. How many liters of pure alcohol must we add to 20 liters of a 40% solution to obtain a
60% solution?

Work Problem
13. If Jim can mow a lawn in 50 minutes, and his son, Todd, can mow the same lawn in 40
minutes, how long will it take them to mow the lawn if they work together?
14. It takes Pat 12 hours to detail a boat. After he had been working for 3 hours, he was
joined by his brother Mike, and together they finished the detailing in 5 hours. How
long would it take Mike to detail the boat by himself?

Systems of Three Linear Equations in Three Variables

15. The organizer for a church picnic ordered coleslaw, potato salad, and beans amounting
to 50 pounds. There was to be three times as much potato salad as coleslaw. The number
of pounds of beans was to be 6 less than the number of pounds of potato salad. Find the
number of pounds of each.

Inequality
16. Sari had scores of 94, 84, 86, and 88 on her first four exams of the semester. What score
must she obtain on the fifth exam to have an average of 90 or better for the five exams?

Exponential and Logarithmic

17. Suppose that in a certain culture, the equation Q(t) = 15,000e0.3t expresses the number
of bacteria present as a function of the time t, where t is expressed in hours. Find (a) the
initial number of bacteria, (b) the number of bacteria after 3 hours and (c) How long
will it take for the bacteria count to double

Arithmetic Progression
18. Find the first term of the arithmetic sequence if the fourth term is 26 and the ninth term
is 61.
19. Find the sum of the first 30 terms of the arithmetic sequence 3, 7, 11, 15, . . . .
20. State University had an enrollment of 15,600 students in 1994. Each year the enrollment
increased by 1050 students. What was the enrollment in 2009?
Geometric Progression
21. Find the ninth term of the geometric sequence 27, 9, 3, 1, . . . .
22. Find the sum of 1, 3, 9, 27, … , 6561.
23. Find the sum of the infinite geometric sequence 1, ½, ¼, 1/8 …
24. Suppose an element has a half-life of 3 hours. If at a particular moment we have 768
grams of the element, how many grams of it will remain 24 hours later?
25. A rubber ball is dropped from a height of 27 m. Each time that it hits the ground it
bounces to a height 2/3 of that from which it fell. Find the total distance travelled by the
ball until it comes to rest?

Binomial Theorem
26. Determine the 5th term of the expansion (2x+3y)12
27. Determine the middle term of the expansion of (3a – b)8
28. What is the coefficient of the term containing x4 in the expansion of (x – 2y)10