Q1: What are magnetic field lines?

Justify the
following statements
(a) Two magnetic field lines never intersect each
other.
(b) Magnetic field lines are closed curves.
[CBSE 2011, 2012, 2015]
Magnetic field lines: It is defined as the path along which the unit
North pole (imaginary) tends to move in a magnetic field if free
to do so.
(a) The magnetic lines of force do not intersect (or cross) one
another. If they do so then at the point of intersection, two
tangents can be drawn at that point which indicates that there
will be two different directions of the same magnetic which field,
i.e. the compass needle points in two different directions which is
not possible.
(b) Magnetic field lines are closed continuous curves. They
diverge from the north pole of a bar magnet and converge its
south pole. Inside the magnet they move from south pole to
north pole.

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4
Q2: An electric iron draws 2.2 amperes of
current from a 220 V source. Find its (i)
resistance and (ii) wattage (Power).
[CBSE 2016]
6
Q3: Out of the two wires X and Y shown below,
which one has greater resistance. Justify your
answer.
[CBSE 2012, 2014]
Wire Y, because of R ∝ l Resistance of a conductor
is directly proportional to the length of the
conductor, whose area of cross-section is the same.

8
Q4: What is meant by solenoid? How does a
current carrying solenoid behave? Give its main
use.
CBSE [2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015]
A coil of many circular turns of insulated copper wire wound on a cylindrical
insulating body (i.e., cardboard etc.) such that its length is greater than its
diameter is called solenoid.

When current is flowing through the solenoid, the magnetic field line pattern
resembles exactly with those of a bar magnet with the fixed polarity, i.e. North and
South pole at its ends and it acquires the directive and attractive properties similar
to bar magnet. Hence, the current carrying solenoid behave as a bar magnet. Use
of current carrying solenoid: It is used to form a temporary magnet called
electromagnet as well as permanent magnet.

10
Q5: (a) Two magnets are lying side by side as
shown below.
Draw magnetic field line between poles P and Q.
(b) What does the degree of closeness of
magnetic field lines near the poles signify?
CBSE [2016]
Magnetic Fields lines:
∙ Magnetic fields line emerge Out from the north pole and emerge In at South pole of the a Bar
Magnet. Externally, they move from north pole of a magnet to its south pole. Hence magnetic
fields line for two magnets will be as shown below:

12
Q6: V-I graph for two wires A and B are shown in
the figure. If both wires are of same length and
same thickness, which of the two is made of a
material of high resistivity? Give justification for
your answer. CBSE [2011, 2012]
Greater than slope of V-I graph, greater will be the resistance of given
metallic wire. In the given graph, wire A has greater slope then B. Hence,
wire A has greater resistance.
For the wires of same length and same thickness, resistance depends on the

nature of material of the wire,

14
Q7: Three 2 ohm resistors A, B and C are
connected as shown in figure . Each of them
dissipates energy and can withstand a maximum
power of 18 W without melting. Find the maximum
current that can flow through the three resistors.
CBSE [2015]
16
17
Q8: An electric iron of 1 kW is operated at 220 V.
Find which of the following fuses that respectively
rated at 1 A,3 A and 5 A can be used in it.
CBSE [2013, 2015]
19
Q9: We have two resistors having resistance
values 5Ω and 10Ω respectively. Find the ratio of
heat produced in R1 and R2 in 5 minutes , when
they are joined in series across a battery of 5V.
CBSE [2012]
In series circuit a common current I flows
through each of the resistors. I flows for
same time t = 5 minutes in both of them.

So, the ratio of the heat produced in R1 and

R2 in 5 minutes

H1/H2 = I12 R1t/ I22 R2t = R1/R2 = 5/10 = ½

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Q10: What is meant by resistance of a conductor?
Name and define its SI unit. List the factors on
which the resistance of a conductor depends. How
is the resistance of a wire affected if – (i) its length
is doubled, (ii) its radius is doubled? CBSE [2015]
The property of a conductor due to which it tends to stop the flow of
current through the conductor is called resistance.

SI unit is ohm. When a potential difference of 1V across a wire gives rise to

1A current through the wire, then the resistance, is said to be 1 ohm (1Ω).

The resistance of conductor depends on length, thickness, nature of

material and temperature of conductor.

(i) If length is doubled, then R is doubled because the resistance of a

conductor is directly proportional to length.

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24
Q11: The figure below shows three cylindrical
copper conductors along with their face areas
and lengths. Discuss in which geometrical shape
the resistance will be highest. CBSE [2013]
26
Q12: Write one application of each of the
following:
(a) Right-hand thumb rule
(b) Fleming’s left hand rule
(c) Fleming's right hand rule
[CBSE 2015,2018, 2009]
(a) Right-hand thumb rule is used to find the direction of magnetic field due
to straight current carrying conductor. According to this, if the thumb points in
the direction of current then the curl of fingers gives us the direction of magnetic
field.

(b) Fleming’s left hand rule is used to find the direction of force exerted on a
current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field as in electric motor.
According to this, if you hold your thumb, index finger and middle finger at right
angles to each other, then if index finger points in the direction of the magnetic
field and middle finger points in the direction of current, then thumb gives us the
direction of force.

28
(c) Fleming’s right hand rule is used to find the direction of induced current
in a closed circuit placed in changing magnetic field as in electric generator.
According to this, if you hold your thumb, index finger and middle finger at right
angles to each other, then if thumb is along the direction of motion of conductor
and index finger points in the direction of magnetic field, then middle finger
points in the direction of induced current.

29
Q13: An electric bulb of resistance 200Ω draws a
current of 1 Ampere. Calculate the power of the
bulb the potential difference at its ends and the
energy in kWh consumed burning it for 5h.
CBSE [2012]
31
Q14: The current I is flowing in the wire which is
kept horizontal on the x-axis as shown in the
above figure. Find out the direction of the
magnetic field due to the wire at point P?
The magnetic field around current carrying
conductor is found by wrapping fingers around wire,
where thumb points towards the current's direction.
Clearly from the figure, magnetic field at a point
vertically above the wire is out of the plane

33
Q15: Five resistors are connected in series as
shown . Find the ammeter reading when the circuit
is closed. [CBSE 2016]
35
Q16: Two electric lamps of 100 W and 25 W
respectively are joined in parallel to a supply of
200 V. Calculate (a) the total current flowing
through the circuit. (b) the total power consumed
by the lamps.
Since the two lamps are joined in parallel, potential
difference V across each = 200 V
(a) Current drawn by 100 W lamp and 25 W lamp
are respectively,
I1 = P1/V = 100 W/200 V = 0.50 A
I2 = P2/V = 25 W/200 V = 0.125 A

For parallel combination, the total current

I = I1 + I2 = o.625 A

(a) The total power consumed by the lamps

P= VI
= V x (I1 + I2)
= VI1 + VI2
= P1 + P2 = 125 W

37
Q17: You have two circuits (i) a 6V battery in series
with 1Ω and 2Ω resistor
(ii) a 4V battery in parallel with 12 Ω and 2Ω
resistor. Compare the power used in 2Ω Resistor
in each case. [CBSE 2012]
39
Q18: (a) List four factors on which the magnitude
of magnetic force acting on a moving charge in
a magnetic field depends.

(b) How will a fine beam of electrons streaming

in west to east direction be affected by a
magnetic field directed vertically upwards?
Explain with the help of a diagram mentioning
the rule applied
(a) The magnitude of the magnetic force acting on a moving charge in
a magnetic field depends on:
● the magnitude of charge
● speed of moving charge
● strength of magnetic field
● the angle between the direction of motion of charge and the
direction of magnetic field.

(b) The electron streaming from west to east is equivalent to a

current from east to west. The magnetic field B is vertically upwards
and shown by cross marks (x). Hence, in accordance with Fleming’s
left-hand rule, the electron will experience a force in north direction
and deflected in that direction.

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42
Q19: Read the paragraph and answer the
questions. Electrical resistivities of some
substances, at 20°C are given below in the table.
Study the table and answer the given questions
Q19: (i) Out of the silver and copper, which is a
better conductor of electric current and why ?
(ii) Which substance is preferred to be used for
electrical transmission lines ? Give reason.
(iii) Name the material that you would advise to
be used in the heater elements of electric heating
device and why ? [sample paper]
(i) Silver is a better conductor, lower resistivity.
(ii) Copper, economical/low resistivity.
(iii) Nichrome; Very high resistivity/ as it is an alloy, it does
not oxidize readily at high temperature.

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Q20: Explain, the construction and working of
an electric motor using a well labelled diagram.
[CBSE 2012, 2017, 2009, 2008]
Click here

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