THE WRITING PROCESS

The act of process of one who writes the occupation of a writer a style or form of composition.

SKILL
PROCESS OF THINKING
FORM OF COMMUNICATION
“A process that includes knowledge of grammar, punctuation and sentence structure”.

PROCESS
A series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end.
For the process to be completed, the writer must:
 Be recursive
 Be subjective and objective
 Be linear
 Make decisions.

Pre-Writing
Limit your topic, know your purpose, know your audience, develop a topic sentence or thesis
statement.

LIMIT YOUR TOPIC

Scoop and directions:
1. Write a paragraph describing the process of planning.
2. Write a three to five paragraph narrative composition on “A day to remember”
 Realistic
 Choose a day to remember vividly
 Consider a day other people would find interesting to read about or learn from.

KNOW YOUR PURPOSE

What is it that you want to say and why?
1. Are you trying to describe a process? (description)
2. Are you trying to tell a story? (narration)
3. Are you trying to explain a difficult topic? (exposition)
4. Are you trying to persuade someone of an opinion? (persuasion)

KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE

For whom you are writing
1. What style of language you will use: formal, informal, or slang?
2. Who much information to provide: if your audience is unfamiliar with your topic, you may
have to provide more background information.
3. What type of examples to use: if you are writing a multi-paragraph composition are you
using examples?
4. What would make your content more interesting?
WRITING
Brainstorm and organize ideas, points, and details, complete an outline and a first draft.

BRAINSTORM

Include ideas, main points, and details.

Generate content.
There is no one right way to generate ideas, so find a strategy that works for you!

MAKING A LIST OF POSSIBLE IDEAS

Look for mildew around tub
Check fridge and stove work
Discoloration or stains on counter
Entranceway
Water Pressure
Mark and dents on doors and walls

RESEARCH
The internet
Interviews
Books and magazines, comics and catalogues

ORGANIZE
Structured list
Mind maps

DEVELOP A TOPIC SENTENCE (PARAGRAPH)

Scope and directions:
1. A topic sentence introduces a paragraph and is typically the first sentence in the
paragraph.
Cats are very good pets for several reasons.

THESIS STATEMENT (COMPOSITION)

Scope and directions:
2. A thesis statement introduces the focus of a multi-paragraph compostion and is typically
the last sentence of the introductory paragraph.

COMPLETE AN OUTLINE
Based on the ideas you have organized
Plan the order
Sequentially, chronologically, spatially, logically

OUTLINE
Opting out of an apartment inspection before signing a rental agreement can cause financial and
emotional stress.

GENERAL STATEMENT
Prior to singing a rental agreement, the three most important areas of your apartment to inspect
are the kitchen, bathrooms and living room.

CONCLUDING STATEMENT (PARAGRAPH)

Taking the time to conduct a thorough apartment inspection will ensure you find a home you
enjoy living in.

COMPLETE YOUR FIRST DRAFT

Connect your ideas together into a unified piece.
Get your ideas on paper
Review your outline to be sure of your ideas.

------------------------------------------

Warming up

The writing process is divided in three main parts.

Pre-writing: limiting your topic, knowing your purpose, and knowing your audience.

Writing: brainstorming, researching, organizing (topic sentence, and thesis statement), completing
an outline, and the first draft.

Revising-editing: rereading and revising draft (cutting, replacing, expanding), checking mechanics,
content, and style, completing final copy and proofreading.

ANALYZING THE FOUR PARAGRAPH ESSAY!

Title
Introductory paragraph
Thesis Statement

Topic Sentence
Body paragraph 1
(supporting sentences)

Topic sentence
Body paragraph 2
(Supporting sentences)

Restatement of thesis
Concluding paragraph

Writing an Essay
Topic Sentence
Essay
Controlling idea
Words
Outline

BODY PARAGRAPH
Made up of sentences that center around a topic sentence and develop one thought.
Used to support the essay’s thesis statement.
The body paragraph is really a mini-essay. It has a main idea (the topic sentence) and a plan of
organization.
It must have unity (stick to one idea) and coherence (develop the idea in a logical way)
When written or typed on the page, the paragraph is similar to a punctuation mark. It is set up to
indicate that it has been organized into a unit of thought. Therefore, when writing one, the first
line must be indented, always 5 spaces (APA style).

TOPIC SENTENCE
The topic sentence states an idea that all the other sentences in the body (development)
paragraph support in some way.

A topic sentence states the main idea of a single paragraph. It must never be confused with the
thesis statement included in the introductory paragraph and determines the content of the entire
essay.

The topic sentence must be included in the first sentence, so all the supporting details, reasons, or
examples naturally follow.

YOUR TOPIC SENTENCES

SUPERSTITIONS
1. Four superstitions that people avoid to do.
2. Some superstitious thing that people still believe now days.
3. There are some reasons of people that still believe on superstitious in our days.

THE BODY PARAGRAPH

Step to structure it (Supporting/detail sentences)

WRITING SUPPORTING DETAILS

The body paragraph develops the main idea stated in the topic sentence.

The topic sentence must be seen as a question

The supporting detail sentences must be seen as answers to that question

THE BODY PARAGRAPH
Many Educators believe that the television has that a harmful effect on the writing ability
of American students. When they come to school, children accustomed to passively
watching television have difficulty with the active skills that reading and writing
required. These children have been trained to sit in front of the television screen. They
expect to be entertained. Most of them have difficulty in doing things for themselves
and taking an active role in their own learning. E.B. White the well-known writer, agrees
with the experts. “Apart from throwing away all the television sets”, he declares, “I don't
know what we can do about writing.”

STEPS IN WRITNG EFFECTIVE BODY PARAGRAPH

1. Turn the topic sentence into a wh question.

2. List the answers to your questions
3. Evaluate each item, add it or change some works.
4. Rewrite the items on your list into logical, smooth-flowing sentences

The Essay
Selecting a subject
Start writing, no matter what. The water does not flow until the water is turned on.
―Louis L'Amour

First things first! How have you felt?

Let’s assess our progress!
Be honest.

Examples:
Loves to tinker with a car’s engine and can take apart anything mechanical and put it
together again.

Broad topics found from looking “inside”

 How to save money with do-it-yourself repairs
 Cars and their engines
 The satisfaction of working with your hands

Is a music fan, has a lot of great playlists all the time and is always among the first to know
the latest dances.

Broad topics found from looking “inside”

 Why listening to music is important
 Differences between rock groups
 Expressing feelings through dance

What do you want?

Broad subject
Slighty
Limited
Subject
Limited Subject

OUTLINE(SENTENCES)
Theses statement limited subjects
Topic sentence1. First element, angle of the subject.

3 supporting ideas about the first element

Topic sentence 2. Second element, angle of the subject.

3 supporting idea: about the second element

Thesis statement. Limited subject from a similar perspective.

THE WRITING PROCESS

1. BRAINSTOIRMING
Choosing your topic, limiting the topic.
2. OUTLINE
Developing the topic, main ideas, organization.
3. DRAFT
Writing the paragraphs, making all ideas a whole.
4. FINAL COPY
Proofreading, finding the fixing mistakes.

The 4 paragraph essay

Brainstorming
Write down everything about the topic that comes to mind

Outline
Time to organize your ideas. You need two points of development to add in your thesis
statement.

Draft
Start writing essay. Choose the order that works best for you.

Final Copy
Proofread, find error and correct them.

Brainstorming
Vacations
Trips
Vacationers
Family
Friends.

Memories
Challenges.
Relationship
Transportation
Availability.
Accommodation
Destination
Experience
Personalities.
Expenses.
Friendship.

Preferences
Choices

Outline!
Vacations for Everyone
Vacations can be classified on the basis of who vacationers choose to travel with: with
family or with friends.

Family travel is special and creates lasting memories, but it can also have some
challenges. 
 Relationship of the family members. 
 Transportation availability. 
 Common places to visit. 
 Creation of special memories

Traveling with friends can be an unforgettable experience for several reasons.

 Different personalities. 
 Good memories and experiences. 
 Travel expenses. 
 Development of a stronger friendship. 

Different forms of travel are available to everyone. Whatever the personal preference, there
is a travel choice for everyone.

Draft
Vacations for Everyone
1. On hearing the word vacation, most people react positively. It can be a
weekend trip, a last-minute getaway, or a trip around the world. Prospective
travelers spend days, if not weeks, researching their travel destination. While the
destination has a lot to do with the success of a trip, there are other factors to
consider. Experienced travelers will argue that more important than where they go
on vacation is who they go with. Vacations can be classified on the basis of who
vacationers choose to travel with: with family or with friends.

2. Family travel is special and creates lasting memories, but it can also have some
challenges. For one, the success of a trip often depends on the relationships that the
family members have with one another. If two brothers do not get along at home,
the chances are that they will fight during a vacation. Another potential problem of
family travel is transportation. If a family is traveling by air, purchasing plane tickets
for everyone can be very expensive. In addition, finding common places of interest
is more complicated with family groups. For instance, a father might want to see
the alligator farm while a mother wants to visit a museum and the kids scream for
a trip to an amusement park. Regardless of the challenges families may face when
traveling, this type of vacation always creates special memories.

3. Traveling with friends can be an unforgettable experience for several reasons.

Close friends often have similar personalities, so they generally get along with
each other and fight less than family members might on a trip. If differences over
which sights to see do come up, good friends can often negotiate those differences
rather quickly. Because each person covers only his or her individual expenses, costs
tend not to be an issue. Furthermore, if friends are close, even a terrible trip will not
ruin the friendship. In fact, friendships are often strengthened when friends share
both good and bad travel memories. However, if friends do not know each other
well or have not traveled together before, vacationing together may do more harm
than good. All in all, traveling with friends can be a positive experience that results
in a great vacation and, likely, a stronger friendship.

4. Different forms of travel are available to everyone. People who are

comfortable with relatives enjoy family vacations. People who want to be sure to
have the best time possible while avoiding arguments may travel with their closest
friends. People who are comfortable alone and love the excitement of seeing new
places may choose to travel alone. Whatever the personal preference, there is a
travel choice for everyone.

How to write your DRAFT

Evaluate
Read your outlines and determine which one you like the most.
Check structure, included details, and subject management.
Build
Begin writing your paragraphs, remember each should have a minimum of 7 lines length.
Apply great spelling, punctuation, and grammar

Apply
While you’re writing remember key sentences must be properly placed, paragraphs must
address a single purpose/topic, and your essence must be shown. Use your own words.

Before Starting, just consider:

Personal experience
CAN BE WRITTEN IN FIRST PERSON

IT DOESN’T NEED REFERENCES UNLESS YOU’RE QUOTING SOMEONE ELSE

LANGUAGE MUST BE KEPT AS FORMAL AS POSSIBLE.

Researched topic
NEEDS TO BE WRITTEN IN THIRD PERSON OR PASSIVE VOICE
(NEVER FIRST PERSON)

REFERENCES AND QUOTATIONS ARE A MUST. AVOID

PLAGIARISM.
BOTH CASES APA NEEDS TO BE
APPLIED.