Unit 38 ⎯ Molar Volume Calculation (3)

Name : No. : F. 5 ( ) Date:

1. For each of the gases, calculate the volume, in dm3, occupied by 1 mole of the gas at r.t.p.

Relative Density at Molar volume of the gas at r.t.p.

Gas
molecular mass r.t.p. (g dm-3) (dm-3 mol-1)
Hydrogen 2 0.0833

Oxygen 32 1.333
Carbon
44 1.833
dioxide
ammonia 17 0.708
Answers: 24.0 dm3

Molar volume of gas at r.t.p. = 24 dm3 mol−1.

R.A.M.s: C=12, Cl=35.5,Cr=52, H=1, K=39, Mn=55, N=14, Na=23, O=16, Pb=207, S=32

2. For each of the gases below, calculate its volume at r.t.p.

Mass of Relative molecular Volume of the gas at r.t.p.

Gas
the gas mass of the gas
Chlorine, Cl2 71 g 71
Nitrogen
15 g 30
monoxide, NO
Hydrogen
68 g 34
sulphide, H2S
Sulphur
6.4 g 64
dioxide, SO2
Answers: 24 dm3, 12 dm3, 48 dm3, 2.4 dm3

3. For each of the following gases, calculate the relative molecular mass.

Mass of the Volume of the gas

Relative molecular mass of the gas
gas (g) at r.t.p. (cm3)
0.15 120 cm3

0.85 0.60 dm3

0.168 250 cm3

2.67 1 dm3
Answers: 30, 34, 16.1, 64.1
4. A sample of 13.35 g of lead(II) carbonate was heated. Calculate the volume of carbon
dioxide evolved at r.t.p.
PbCO3(s) ⎯→ PbO(s) + CO2(g)

Answer: 1.2 dm3

5. 12.60 g of ammonium dichromate was heated. Calculate the total volume of the gas given
off at r.t.p.
(NH4)2Cr2O7(s) ⎯→ Cr2O3(s) + N2(g) + 3H2O(ℓ)

Answer: 1.2 dm3

6. Potassium permanganate decomposes on heating

2KMnO4(s) ⎯→ K2MnO4(s) + MnO2(s) + O2(g)
What mass of potassium permanganate would be required to produce 1.2 dm3 of oxygen
at r.t.p.? What would be the mass of residue left after the heating?

Answer: 15.8 g, 14.2 g

7. 4.0 g of ammonium nitrate were gently heated till no residue was left.
NH4NO3(s) ⎯→ N2O(g) + H2O(g)
The gases evolved from this decomposition were passed into a drying-tube containing
anhydrous calcium chloride. The dry dinitrogen monoxide was then collected.
Calculate (a) the increase in mass of the drying-tube and (b) the volume of the dinitrogen
monoxide gas collected at room conditions.

Answer: (a) 0.9 g (b) 1.2 dm3

8. 0.715 g of hydrated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3žxH2O) was treated with excess nitric acid,
and 60 cm3 of carbon dioxide was collected in a syringe at r.t.p. Calculate the value of x.
Na2CO3(s) + 2HNO3(aq) ⎯→ 2NaNO3(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(ℓ)

Answer: x = 10
Homework:
1. A student performs two experiments to study the reaction between
(i) calcium and excess water and
(ii) calcium and excess hydrochloric acid.
He uses 0.4g calcium in both experiments and the volumes of hydrogen liberated at
half- minute intervals are tabulated as shown below (all gas volumes are measured at s.t.p.):

Time (minutes) 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

Volume of hydrogen (cm3) (i) using water 0 17 34 76 134 184
(ii) using dil.HCl 0 88 144 182 207 222

Time (minutes) 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5

3
Volume of hydrogen (cm ) (i) using water 216 220 222 223 224 224
(ii) using dil.HCl 224 224 224 224 224 224

(a) Using “time” as the x-axis and “volume of hydrogen” as the y-axis, plot the results
of each experiment on the same graph. Label the curves (i) and (II).
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(b) Which reaction (i) or (ii), has the greater initial rate? Why?
(c) Which reaction (i) or (ii), has the greater rate at the moment of 2.0 time
(minutes)?

(d) When is calcium completely used up in each experiment?

(e) Calculate the mass of calcium that will liberate 1 mole of hydrogen gas.

(f) Why are the final volumes of hydrogen in (i) and (ii) the same?

2. Ammonium nitrite decomposes when heated:

NH4NO2(aq) → 2H2O(l) + N2(g)
The rates of decomposition of 25cm3 samples of ammonium nitrite solution werer
followed under three different sets of conditions.

Graph Molarity of solution Temperature of solution (°C)

A 0.50 75
B 0.50 85
C 0.25 75

Draw on sketch showing all three curves, labeling each clearly. Explain briefly.