Technology and

Livelihood Education 8
Exploratory Course
Quarter in
Electronic Products Assembly
2

and Servicing (EPAS)

Technology and Livelihood Education –Grade 8
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Standard Operating Procedure and Work Instruction
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Xerxes G. Cabrejas
Editor: Vicente B. Lao
Reviewers: Vicente B. Lao, Raneth A. Yago
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 1
APPLYING QUALITY STANDARDS:
Lesson 1: Standard Operating Procedure
and Work Instruction
LO.1. Assess quality standards of received materials or
components
1.1. Obtain work instructions in accordance with standard
operating procedures.
1.2. Carry out work in accordance with standard operating
procedures.
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education Grade 8- Electronic

Products Assembly and Servicing (Exploratory Course) Self-Learning Module on
Standard Operating Procedure and Work Instruction!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education Grade 8- Electronic

Products Assembly and Servicing (Exploratory Course) Self-Learning Module on
Standard Operating Procedure and Work Instruction!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. explain the meaning of quality standard, standard operating procedure, and
work instruction;
2. obtain and carry out work instructions in accordance with standard
operating procedures; and
3. appreciate the importance of observing or following the standard operating
procedure and work instruction principles in performing and completing job
in the workplace.

PRETEST

Matching Type
DIRECTIONS: Match column A to column B. Write the letter of the correct answer
on the space provided.

Column A- Description Column B- Terms

____1. Document that describes maintenance work A. ISO
approved for execution. B. Process
____2. Develop the standards and gives certification to C. Procedure
businesses or organizations. D. Quality standard
____3. Explains how to carry out the procedure. E. Work instruction
____4. States how the process needs to be done. F. Work order
____5. States what to be done and why.

RECAP
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on the space provided
before each item.
____1. Which of the following is an example of hand tool?
A. air drill B. grinding tool C. multi-meter D. screwdriver
____2. Which personal protective equipment should you wear to protect your eyes?
A. boots B. face mask C. gloves D. goggles
____3. Which of the following best describes an electrical hazard?
A. Drilling holes for the installation of junction boxes.
B. Handling a punctured or open insulation of live wire or conductor.
C. Mixing of chemical solution for cleaning the metal surface.
D. Walking barefoot on wet floor while lifting heavy objects.
____4. Which of the following refers to an action to clean your work place thoroughly
so that there is no dust on floor, machines and equipment?
A. sanitizing B. self-discipline C. sweeping D. sorting
____5. Which electrical device is used to plug-in or insert the male plug to provide
electricity to current consuming appliances?
A. circuit breaker C. lamp holder
B. convenience outlet D. junction box

LESSON 1
INTRODUCTION

Electronics is defined as the branch of physics and electrical engineering that

deals with the emission, behavior, and effects of electrons and with electronic devices
(Britannica, 2020). Consequently, the use and application of semiconductors
together with other electronic components for circuits and its by-products are
called electronics.
Electronics plays important roles in our society. It affects our lifestyles, well-
being, emerging new technologies, economy, and many others. Hence, electronics
industry emerged as one of the largest global industries with the latest technology of
electronic products such as gadgets and appliances delivering an immediate gateway
to the world. Innovation, time to market and lower cost are the keys to electronics
success, and the pressures to quickly deliver innovative products at lower cost is
intense.
In this module, the Electronic Product Assembly and Servicing is offered as a
course in TLE –Exploratory. It is based on the technical development program of
TESDA that is commissioned to develop the skills and competencies of the learners
like you which in turn will make you self-sustained and productive individual of the
community as you progress to complete the specialization program in the succeeding
years.
The Electronic Products Assembly and Servicing NC II Qualification consists
of competencies that a person must possess to assemble electronic products, prepare
printed circuit boards (PCB) modules and to install and service consumer and
industrial electronic products and systems. A person who has achieved this
qualification is competent to be: electronic products assembler, domestic appliance
service technician, audio-video service technician, industrial electronic technician,
electronic production line assembler, and factory production worker.

APPLYING QUALITY STANDARDS

Activities or processes in an organization specifically in the workplace must

be guided by certain standards which served as a compass for its success and
satisfaction of stakeholders (i.e. management, workers, clients, consumers,
community).
 Quality standards are defined as documents that provide requirements,
specifications, guidelines, or characteristics that can be used consistently to ensure
that materials, products, processes, and services are fit for their purpose.
Standards provide organizations with the shared vision, understanding,
procedures, and vocabulary needed to meet the expectations of their stakeholders.
Because standards present precise descriptions and terminology, they offer an
objective and authoritative basis for organizations and consumers around the world
to communicate and conduct business.

Importance of Standards

1. For businesses: Standards are important to the bottom line of every organization.
Successful companies recognize standards as business tools that should be
managed alongside quality, safety, intellectual property, and environmental
policies. Standardization leads to lower costs by reducing redundancy
(unnecessary repetition), minimizing errors or recalls (return of goods or products
due to defect), and reducing time to market.
2. For the global economy: Businesses and organizations complying to quality
standards helps products, services, and personnel cross borders and also
ensures that products manufactured in one country can be sold and used in
another.
3. For consumers: Many quality management standards provide safeguards for
users of products and services, but standardization can also make consumers’
lives simpler. A product or service based on an international standard will be
compatible with more products or services worldwide, which increases the
number of choices available across the globe.

The ISO Standards

• ISO (International Standardization Organization or International

Organization for Standardization) is an independent, non-governmental,
international organization that develops standards to ensure the quality, safety,
and efficiency of products, services, and systems. With developed standards, the
ISO certifies businesses or organizations.
• ISO 9001 is an International Standard that gives requirements for an
organization’s quality management system (QMS).
• Quality Management System (QMS) is a collection of business processes
focused on consistently meeting customer requirements and enhancing their
satisfaction. It is expressed as the organizational goals and aspirations, policies,
processes, documented information and resources needed to implement and
maintain it (Wikipedia, 2020).
• ISO Standards are the refined wisdom of people with expertise in their subject
matter and who know the needs of the organizations they represent – people such
as manufacturers, sellers, buyers, customers, trade associations, users or
regulators.
 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES AND WORK INSTRUCTIONS

Standard operating procedures(SOP) and standard work instructions

(SWI) are key to success in manufacturing. They can be improved upon through
document reviews, audits, a disciplined problem-solving process and, most
importantly, the input from the experts who are performing the tasks.

The Relationship of Process, Procedures and Work Instructions

Standard work is the combination of processes, procedures, and work
instructions. It explains the best practices for performing a task according to
standard in a consistent way no matter who does it.

Here are some basic guidelines on documenting quality management system.

1. Begin with the processes, you are required to document the number of processes
that will typically determine the number of procedures. Do not create more
procedures than requirements.
2. Create procedure for every process; and
3. Create detailed work instructions for each task that is needed to support each
of your procedures when appropriate. A good rule of thumb is: if the procedure
does not give enough guidance for someone to complete the task, create a work
instruction.

To simplify the terms, they are defined as

follows:

• A process states what needs to be

done and why.
• A procedure states how the process
needs to be done.
• A work instruction explains how to
carry out the procedure.

Fig.1. Process, Procedure, and Work

Instruction Hierarchy (the9000store.com)

Process

A process is a set of related or interacting activities that transform inputs into

outputs.
• It is considered as a high level, strategic method of control.
• It includes a summary of objectives, specifications, and broad resources needed.
• A process must have well defined and measurable objectives, inputs, outputs,
activities, and resources.
Key Elements of Process

1. Inputs/ Resources:
• Specified requirements (needs)
• It includes the sources of
information needed to start work
2. Activities:
• Interrelated or interacting
activities that use resources
needed to have a specific output
• All of the operations, activities,
and sub-processes carried out to
produce the desired result
3. Outputs:
Fig.2. Elements of Process
• Satisfy requirements (results) (the9000store.com)
• Performance indicators are
provided to measure the quality of results.

Standard Operating Procedure

A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
is a set of step-by-step instructions
compiled by an organization to help
workers carry out complex
routine operations. SOPs are top-level
documents that tell employees which
actions to take under a variety of
circumstances. SOPs are vital
documents that lay out the who, what,
when, and where for important
procedures in the workplace or
organization. It aims to achieve
efficiency, quality output and
uniformity of performance, while
reducing miscommunication and failure
to comply with industry regulations.

Importance of Standard Operating

Procedure

1. To ensure compliance standards are Fig.3. Example of Standard

met Operating Procedure
(Source: rewo.io, 2020)
2. To maximize production
requirements
3. To ensure the procedure has no adverse impact on the environment
4. To ensure safety
5. To adhere to a schedule
6. To prevent manufacturing failures
7. To be used for training

Work Instructions or Standardized work instructions (SWI)

Work instructions are step-by-step guidelines to implement the process and

procedure, often segmented in some way to focus those who are doing the actual
work.
• Work instructions are the lowest-level
document that describe the actions in
detail. As the name implies they are
instructions to perform a specific piece of
work.
• They are designed to ensure that the
manufacturing process is consistent,
timely and repeatable.
• It can be a list of bullet points and or with
infographics which are printed and
posted near the operator’s work station
for the guidance of operators/workers
and monitoring of the team leaders and
managers if instructions are followed or
implemented. Fig.4. Example of Work Instruction
• These instructions should be as clear as (Source: rewo.io, 2020)
possible and are not necessarily long or
verbose.
• As best practices, work instructions are narrowed to an individual task within an
SOP. Terminology used are clearly defined or well-known by anyone who might
use the instruction. As in all good writing, the audience is considered, including
pre-existing knowledge and primary concerns in the situation.

Work Order/Job Order

Work order is also known as a job order, job ticket, work ticket or service
ticket. It is a formal document either in received by an organization from an external
customer, or another department within the organization, describing work to be
completed and/or products to be purchased or manufactured.
Work order forms are usually customized to include more details than a
basic purchase order. When working with external customers, a work order is
sometimes used as an invoice.
Work order forms contain the following information: 1) order or tracking #, 2)
contact details for the client, 3) order deadline or appointment time, 4) specifics about
the job to be performed including: exact location, tasks, equipment, materials, 5) the
estimated cost of the work—broken down by task or item, and 6)notes from
conversations with a customer.

QMMS - Computerized Maintenance Management System. This system enables to

automate the work order process, allow for ease of job tracking, accessibility,
recurrent scheduling, reporting and closing.
A maintenance work order is an
authorization to perform requested activities
on a work request. Depending on the type of
business, work requests can be submitted to
maintenance by any one of their many types
of customers. Once work requests are
reviewed and approved by maintenance, an
official work order to complete the job is
issued. The information on a work order is
provided with the purpose of explaining the
need, scheduling resources, detailing
instructions, and estimating costs of parts
and labor.

Types of Work Orders

There are multiple types of maintenance

Fig.5 Example of Work Order
work orders. Depending on the organization, (Source: invoicetemplatehub.com,
maintenance work orders generally fall into 2020)
one of the following categories:

1. Corrective maintenance (CM) – Includes the restoration of assets to optimal or

operational conditions.
2. Preventive Maintenance (PM)- Includes regularly occurring time-based or
usage-based maintenance such as inspections, cleaning, or parts replacements.
3. Condition-based maintenance(CbM)- Uses real-time equipment data collected
by sensors to trigger work orders when assets are approaching failures.
4. Predictive maintenance (PdM)- Similar to preventive maintenance, but uses
real-time and historical equipment data to trigger jobs.

5.
ACTIVITIES
DIRECTIONS: This activity aimed to simulate the standard operating procedure in
receiving of materials in the workplace (warehouse). You assume the role of receiving
personnel and has provided with work instructions (numbered 1 to 7) as tasks.
Complete the flowchart by drawing the arrow lines that will connect its elements
(boxes) to one another.

1. Prepare/secure the necessary forms and “Receiving Log”.

2. Inspect the incoming delivery trucks.
3. Unload and inspect the condition of the shipment
4. Tag each skid with the product name and batch code and notify the
supervisor and QA of any issues.
5. Count the goods and compare the quantity, name, and lot numbers to the
information stated on the shipping documents and company purchase
order.
 6. Fill-in/complete the “Receiving Log” with the required information and
pass to the QC.
7. Once QC has applied, the QC will place “Approved Stickers” to store
product in the designated area.

WRAP–UP
DIRECTIONS: Fill out the KWL Chart below with the information you have heard,
discussed, and learned in the lesson.

KWL CHART
K W L
(What I already know (What I want to know (What I have learned
about this topic?) about this topic?) about this topic?)
1.

2.

3.
 VALUING
“When things don't work as they should, it often means that
standards are absent.”
– iso.org.2020

Guide Questions:
1. What is your personal insight/s or reflection about the phrase above?
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
2. In our present time in which the world is facing challenges brought about
by the COVID-19 pandemic, what standard operating procedures should
you observe to avoid the spread of disease caused by the covid-19 virus?
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.

POSTTEST
I. Modified True or False
DIRECTIONS: Write letter “T” if the statement is Correct; otherwise, change the
underlined word/s with the correct answer to make the statement right.

1. The ISO standards are refined wisdom of people with expertise in their subject
matter and who know the needs of the organizations they represent.
2. Work instruction is a step-by-step guideline to implement the process and
procedure
3. SOP is a step-by-step procedure compiled by an organization to help workers
carry out complex routine operations.
4. A good rule of thumb is: if the work order does not give enough guidance for
someone to complete the task, create a work instruction.
5. The QMS enables to automate the work order process, allow for ease of job
tracking, accessibility, recurrent scheduling, reporting and closing.

KEY TO CORRECTION

I. Flow Chart
ACTIVITIES

QMMS 5. B 5. B 5.
procedure 4. C 4. C 4.
T 3. B 3. E 3.
T 2. D 2. A 2.
T 1. D 1. F 1.
POST TEST PRETEST RECAP
 References

• “Applying Quality Standards”. Accessed June 15, 2020.

https://kapitolyohs.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/applying-quality-
standard.pdf.

• “Back to Basics: Keep Organized with Work Orders”. Accessed September 7,

2020.https://academy.getjobber.com/resources/articles/what-is-a-work-
order/.

• “Computer Repair Work Order Template”. Accessed July 2, 2020.

https://www.invoicetemplatehub.com/computer-repair-work-order .

• “How to Write a Standard Operating Procedure: More Than a Simple Process”.

Accessed June 15, 2020. https://www.lucidchart.com/blog/how-to-
write-a-standard-operating-procedure.

• “ISO 9001 Processes, Procedure and Work Instructions”. Accessed June 15,
2020. https://the9000store.com/iso-9001-2015-requirements/iso9001-
2015-context-of-the-organization/processes-procedures-work-instructions/.

• “ISO 9001 What does it mean in the supply chain?”. Accessed July 2, 2020.
https://www.iso.org/files/live/sites/isoorg/files/store/en/PUB100304.pdf.

• “Quality Management System”. Accessed July 2, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_management_system#.

• Scace, Robert I. B. “Electronics”. Accessed June 15, 2020.

https://www.britannica.com/technology/electronics.

• “Standards”. Accessed July 2020. https://www.iso.org/standards.html.

• “Standard Work Instructions and Standard Operation Procedures”.

Accessed June 15, 2020. https://www.rewo.io/standard-work-instructions-
and-standard-operation- procedures/.

• “Standard Operating Procedure in Receiving of Materials”. Accessed September

7, 2020. www.ssfpa.net › fsi › B - Shipping & receiving › SOP RECEIVING.

• “What are Quality Standards”. Accessed June 14, 2020.

https://asq.org/quality-resources/learn-about-standards.

• “What is a Work Order?”. Accessed August 2020.

https://www.onupkeep.com/what-is-a-work-order