What is root pass?

Root pass- the first weld bead placed in the weld joint in a multi-pass weld. Fill-
also referred to as a fill pass, it is the amount of weld bead necessary to fill the weld
joint. This pass comes after the root pass and before the cap pass.

What is first pass in welding?

During the first pass, or root pass, the goal is to lay down the weld in such a way
it is flat on top. More often than not, however, the root pass must be followed by a
hot pass. Prior to the hot pass, a welder's helper uses a grinding wheel at a vertical
angle to flatten the weld and remove spatter.

Where do you start root pass?

The first weld on a plate/pipe is called the root pass. Before starting the weld, first, grind
(feather) the tracks on both ends until the materials turns to blue. Try not to remove the
material from the middle of the tack.

Purpose of root pass

Root pass refers to the first pass in any welding process, which combines two pieces
or members into one structure. Subsequent passes increase the weld depth to the
desired thickness, yielding the necessary strength.

Electrode use in root pass

The root pass is made with a 5/32” ( 4.00mm ) diameter electrode. A cellulosic
electrode ( E-XX10 ) is being use.
What is root pass and hot pass
A root bead and hot pass are generally the minimum amount of weld that must be done
before the crane/ side boom etc. can be released and the weld can be left be done
completely cool and be filled and capped at a later time/ date.

Why root pass is important?

The root pass consists of the first weld bead deposited in a groove. Deposition of a root
pass requires a greater ability of the welder, since it must guarantee penetration,
consistently and without perforations. The aspect and quality of a root pass are
dependent of the forces that act directly on the weld pool.

What is root opening?

A separation at the joint between the wokpieces

How weld passes calculated?

Here are some things that will determine number of passes:
1. Travel speed- high travel speed equal low weld volume
2. Weave length or oscillation- the same idea applies to weave or oscillation as it
does to travel speed
3. Joint configuration
4. Electrode diameter and wire feed speed (WPS)

Work Angle of the electrode during the root pass

35 degrees above perpendicular to booth plates with electrode angles up and down 5
degrees into each toe of the root pass.

What is root pass in steel plate?

The root pass consists of the first weld bead deposited in a groove. Deposition of a
root pass requires a greater ability of the welder, since it must guarantee penetration,
consistently and without perforations.