Secondary 2

Set 4

1. Which of the following values is the largest?

A. 13√5

B. 11√7

C. 10√11

D. 9√13

E. 7√17
Answer: C
Solution:

13√5 = √13 × 13 × 5 = √845

11√7 = √11 × 11 × 7 = √847

10√11 = √10 × 10 × 11 = √1100

9√13 = √9 × 9 × 13 = √1053

7√17 = √7 × 7 × 17 = √833

2. Which of the following is equivalent to 17 𝑐𝑚2 ?

A. 0.00017 𝑚2
B. 0.00183 𝑓𝑡 2
C. 2.135 𝑖𝑛2
D.3.135 𝑖𝑛2
E. 1700 𝑚𝑚2
Answer: E
10 𝑚𝑚 10 𝑚𝑚
17 𝑐𝑚2 × × = 1700 𝑚𝑚2
1 𝑐𝑚 1 𝑐𝑚

3. Simplify 4 × 6 + 5 × 7 + 6 × 8 + ⋯ + 15 × 17.
A. 1404
B. 1445
C. 1454
D. 1544
E. 1545
Answer: C
Solution:
12 12

∑(𝑘 + 3)(𝑘 + 5) = ∑ 𝑘 2 + 3𝑘 + 15
𝑘=1 𝑘=1
12 12 12

∑ 𝑘 2 + ∑ 3𝑘 + ∑ 15
𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1

(12)(12 + 1)(2(12) + 1) 12(12 + 1)

+3 + 12 × 15 = 1454
6 2

4. In a sports festival. There are 67 people that like basketball, 70 like football, 68 like
volleyball, and 69 like rugby. Among these people, there are 10 that like both basketball
and football, 10 that like both football and volleyball, 10 that like both volleyball and rugby,
and 10 like rugby and basketball. Also, among them are 7 people that like all sports. At least
how many people are in the sports fest?
A. 210
B. 213
C. 227
D. 234
E. 237
Answer: B
Solution:
67 + 70 + 68 + 69 − 10 − 10 − 10 − 10 − 3 × 7 = 213
5. Suppose 3 cards are to be drawn from a regular poker deck composed of 52 playing
cards one by one. Find the probability that the three cards drawn are of the same suit. (All
heart, all club, etc.)
11
A. 850
1
B. 64
22
C. 425
1
D. 16
3
E. 52

Answer: C
Solution:
13 12 11 22
4× × × =
52 51 50 425

6. Which of the following values is the largest?

5
A. 2016
1
B. 378
15
C. 4032
11
D. 3024
23
E. 6048

Answer: E
2016
= 403.2
5
378
= 378
1
 4032
= 268.8
15
3024
≈ 274.91
11
6048
≈ 262.95
23
The smallest inverse should be the largest, thus E

7. If 𝑝𝑞 = 12, determine the value of 12𝑝−3𝑞

1
A. 1728
1
B. 144

C. 12
D. 144
E. 1728
Answer: B
Solution:
12 12 1
12𝑝−3𝑞 = = =
(𝑝𝑞 )(𝑝𝑞 )(𝑝𝑞 ) 12 ∗ 12 ∗ 12 144

8. Determine the larger angle made by the hour and minutes of an analog clock at 5: 56 𝑝𝑚.
A. 56 degrees
B. 158 degrees
C. 178 degrees
D. 202 degrees
E. 336 degrees
Answer: D
Solution:
The hour hand moves at 0.5 degrees per minute, and increments 30 degrees per hour. The
minute hand moves 6 degrees per minute regardless of the hours.
Now, the hour hand should be
 5(30) + 0.5(56) = 178 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠
The hour hand should be
6(56) = 336 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠
Thus the larger angle between them should be
360 − (336 − 178) = 202 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠

9. A fair six-sided dice is thrown thrice. Determine the probability that the sum of the dice
thrown is 5.
1
A. 216
5
B.
216
1
C.
36
1
D. 12
5
E. 12

Answer: C
Solution:
There are 6 × 6 × 6 = 216 total possible outcomes. For a sum of 5, there are
(5 − 1)𝐶(3 − 1) = 6 ways to form a sum of 5. The probability should therefore be
6 1
=
216 36

1
10. If 𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 1 = 0, determine the value of 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 3 .

Answer:
A. -488
B. -256
C. 256
D. 378
E. 488
Answer: A
Solution:
𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 1 = 0
 1
𝑥+8+ =0
𝑥
1
𝑥+ = −8
𝑥
Now,
1
𝑥+ = −8
𝑥
1
𝑥2 + 2 + = 64
𝑥2
1
𝑥2 + = 62
𝑥2
Note that
1 1 1
𝑥3 + 3
= (𝑥 + ) (𝑥 2 − 1 + 2 )
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
1
𝑥3 + = (−8)(62 − 1) = −488
𝑥3

11. Determine the number of integers that satisfy the expression (𝑥 2 − 1)(𝑥 2 − 2)(𝑥 2 −
3)(𝑥 2 − 4) … (𝑥 2 − 2021) = 0.
Answer: 88
Solution:
Note that if
𝑥2 − 𝑎 = 0

𝑥 = √𝑎
Then 𝑎 must be a square number so that 𝑥 will be an integer. Also, note that if any of these
factors are 0, then the equation holds. Now, this follows that 𝑥 should be all square
numbers less than 2021.
Now,

√2022 ≈ 44.9
Hence 44, but since we can use both positive or negatives, then 44 × 2 = 88

3 3
12. Simplify √√108 + 10 − √√108 − 10
Answer: 2
Solution:
Note that

√108 = 6√3
Now,

√108 + 10

6√3 + 10

9 + 3√3 + 3√3 + 1
3
= (√3 + 1)

Likewise,

√108 − 10

6√3 − 10

−9 + 3√3 + 3√3 − 1
3
= (√3 − 1)

Hence
3 3 3 3
√(√3 + 1) − √(√3 − 1)

√3 + 1 − √3 + 1 = 2
13. Determine the number of factors of 8232.
Answer: 32
Solution:
8232 = 23 × 31 × 73
(3 + 1)(1 + 1)(3 + 1) = 32

14. Determine the sum of all positive values of √2𝑥 − 4 + 2 = √3𝑥 + 4.

Answer: 24
Solution:

√3𝑥 + 4 − √2𝑥 − 4 = 2
Squaring, we have
 3𝑥 + 4 + 2𝑥 − 4 + 2√6𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 16 = 4

5𝑥 − 2√6𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 16 = 4

2√6𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 16 = 5𝑥 − 4
4(6𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 16) = 25𝑥 2 − 40𝑥 + 16
𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 + 80 = 0
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 − 20) = 0
𝑥 = 4, 20
4 + 20 = 24

15. Determine the number of all even numbers less than 5000 that are divisible by 3 or 7.
Answer: 1071
Solution:
If they are all even, then they should be divisible by either 6 or 14 instead. Note that
𝐿𝐶𝑀 (6, 14) = 42
Now,
4998 4998 4998
⌊ ⌋+⌊ ⌋−⌊ ⌋ = 1071
6 14 42

16. If𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏 are integers and 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏 = 23, determine the smallest possible value of
𝑎 + 𝑏.
Answer: -27
Solution:
𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏 = 23 − 𝑎
(𝑎 + 1)𝑏 = 23 − 𝑎
23 − 𝑎
𝑏=
𝑎+1
24
𝑏= −1
𝑎+1
We can maximize this by creating a small for 𝑎 + 1. Since we have a negative coefficicent,
we can attempt 𝑎 + 1 = −1
Hence 𝑎 = −2, making 𝑏 = −25. Therefore 𝑎 + 𝑏 = −27
17. An equilateral triangle has two vertices at (3, −15) and (12, 25). Determine the area of
this triangle
1681√3
Answer: 4

Solution:
By distance formula,

𝑑 = √(12 − 3)2 + (25 − (−15)2

𝑑 = 41
Now, the area of an equilateral should be

√3 2 √3 1681√3
𝑠 = (41)2 =
4 4 4

18. If today is a Monday, determine the day of the week 345345 days later.
Answer: Tuesday
Note that
345 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7 = 5 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7 = −2 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
Now,
345345 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7 = (−2)345 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7 = (−8)115 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
Note that
−8 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7 = −1 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
(−1)115 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7 = 1 𝑚𝑜𝑑 7
Implying 1 day after, hence a Tuesday.

19. if 𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 + 7 = 0 has roots 𝑝 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞, determine the positive value of 𝑝3 − 𝑞 3 .

Answer: 114√93
Solution:
𝑏 11 𝑐 7
The sum of roots should be − 𝑎 = , the product should be 𝑎 = 1
1

𝑝 + 𝑞 = 11
𝑝2 + 2𝑝𝑞 + 𝑞 2 = 121
 𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 = 107
Likewise
𝑝2 − 2𝑝𝑞 + 𝑞 2 = 93

𝑝 − 𝑎 = √93
Now,
Note that
𝑝3 − 𝑞 3 = (𝑝 − 𝑞)(𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 + 𝑝𝑞)

= (√93)(107 + 7) = 114√93

20. The interior angles of a triangle follow the ratio 10: 12: 14. Determine the value of the
smallest angle.
Answer: 50
Solution:
Note that the sum of interior angles of a triangle is 180.
10𝑥 + 12𝑥 + 14 = 180
𝑥=5
Hence 5𝑥 = 50

21. Determine the number of sides of a convex polygon that has 945 diagonals.
Answer: 45
Solution:
𝑛(𝑛 − 3)
= 945
2
𝑛(𝑛 − 3) = 1890
𝑛2 − 3𝑛 − 1890 = 0
(𝑛 − 45)(𝑛 + 42) = 0
𝑛 = −42, 45

22. Determine the integer closest to 3 + 10 + 17 + 24 + ⋯ + 1053.

Answer: 79728
Solution:
151

∑(7𝑛 − 4)
1

(151)(151 + 1)
7× − 4(151) = 79728
2

23. Determine the sum of all factors of 720.

Answer: 2418
Solution:
720 = 24 × 32 × 5
Now,
(20 + 21 + 22 + 23 + 24 )(30 + 31 + 32 )(50 + 51 ) = 2418

24. A specific integer, when subtracted by 18 or added by 83 becomes a perfect square.

Answer: 2158
Solution:
Let 𝑎2 and 𝑏 2 be the two perfect squares.
𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = (83 + 18)
𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 = 101
(𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎 − 𝑏) = 101 × 1
𝑎 + 𝑏 = 101
𝑎−𝑏 =1
Hence 𝑎 = 51, 𝑏 = 50
The squares therefore are 2601 and 2500. Our number therefore is 2158.

25. Suppose 𝑎, 𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 are coprime, determine the value of 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 if

𝑎 1 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 1
+ ( + + ) = (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)
4 6 2 3 6 4
𝑏 1 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 1
+ ( + + ) = (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)
3 6 2 3 6 6
5𝑐 1 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 1
+ ( + + )= (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)
12 6 2 3 6 12
Answer: 47
Solution:
Rewriting them all, we have
𝑎 1 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 1
+ ( + + ) = (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)
4 6 2 3 6 4
𝑎 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
+ + + = + +
4 12 18 36 4 4 4
𝑎 7𝑏 2𝑐
− − =0
12 36 9

Next,
𝑏 1 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 1
+ ( + + ) = (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)
3 6 2 3 6 6
𝑎 2𝑏 5𝑐
− + + =0
12 9 36
Next,
5𝑐 1 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 1
+ ( + + )= (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)
12 6 2 3 6 12
𝑏 13𝑐
− + =0
36 36
With systems of equations of the three, we have 𝑎 = 33𝑐 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 = 13𝑐 c has to be 1 for
them to be coprime, thus
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 33 + 13 + 1 = 47