Bicol University, College of Agriculture and Forestry

Department of Agricultural Sciences

AnSci 1.1 Principle of Animal Science

Name:_______________________________ Rating :____________________

Year and Section:____________________ Date: _____________________

Laboratory Exercise No. 1

THE EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF FARM ANIMALS

I. External Body Parts – Description or Relative Function.

Body Part Description/ Relative Function

A. Livestock

Cranial Towards the head end of body ; also known as the anterior

Caudal Directed towards or situated near the tail end ; comes from the Latin word "
Cauda" meaning tail

Ventral Refers to belly or underside; opposite of dorsal; Latin word "Venter" meaning
abdomen; the trunk

Dorsal Refers to back of the body; superior surface or at highest point; Latin word
"Dorsum" meaning the back

Proximal Structure nearest a major pint of reference; referred as basal; Latin word
"Proximus meaning nearest

Distal Opposite of Proximal; refers to farther from point of reference; Latin word "Distar"
 meaning stand away from

Follicles Threadlike pigmented structures that grow from _____ beneath the skin

dewclaw a hoof farther up the animals leg

mammary papilla the openings which lead to the mammary glands

Follicles Threadlike pigmented structures that grow from _____ beneath the skin

Hair Acts as an insulator to regulate body temperature

Skin Largest organ ; made up of 2 layers epidermis and dermis

Horns Consist of bone core

Auricle External part of the ear; also known as the pinna

Nares Refers to two external openings of the nose which leads to the nasal cavity

Hooves Tips or the toes of a ungulate; often called cloven hoofs; often followed by a
smaller structured hoof farther up the leg known as declaw

B. Poultry

Comb It is the fleshy attachment on the top part of the chicken’s head, and it is usually
red.

Eyes A chicken possesses two eyes, and each eye is located on each side of the head.

Beak The beak of a chicken is made up of the upper beak and the lower beak.

Earlobes The earlobes are two in number. Each lobe is located at one side of a chicken’s
 head.

Wattles They are the two red fleshy skins hanging below the beak.

Breast It is the broad, plump part located at the front of a chicken.

Shank It is the lower leg of a chicken that is covered by scales.

Hock It is the leg joint of a chicken, and it bends in the opposite direction.

Wings They are the two wings, each located on one side of a chicken’s body.

Tail Feathers They are the feathers located at the posterior or caudal part, and they point
upwards.

Cloaca This is the anus of a chicken. It is the opening through which chickens pass out
faeces or lay eggs.

Toes A chicken has eight toes. Each foot has four toes – three toes point forward while
one points backward for balancing purposes.

2. Directional Terms and Planes of the Animal Body. Please give examples of body parts classified as indicated in the table.

Classification A

Body Planes Livestock Poultry

Dorsal

Ventral
 Proximal

Distal

Cranial

Caudal

Classification B

Main Parts Livestock Poultry

Head and Neck Part

Body Part
(Main Body Cage – Chest,
Abdomen, Mammary)

Back and Rump Parts

 Leg and Feet Parts

Tail Parts

3. Similarities and Differences between and among Farm Animals

A. Enumerate and group, different anatomical terms use to denote the specific external body part or having the description/ function/
location.

Livestock Poultry

B. What are the anatomical differences between male and female animals (in addition to reproductive anatomy and function)?

Feature/ Body Part Livestock Poultry

4. PRACTICAL TERMINOLOGIES AND INFO OF FARM ANIMALS

Animal Science 1.1

PRACTICAL TERMINOLOGIES AND INFO OF FARM ANIMALS
NAME: SECTION:
DATE:
SPECIES ZOOLOGICAL SCHEME MALE FEMALE OFFSPRIN PARTURITIO GESTATION INCUBATIO USE(S)
CLASS FAMILY SCIENTIFI G N PERIOD N PERIOD
C NAME
A.Mammals

1. PIG Mammalia Suidae Sus scrofa Boar Sow Piglet Farrowing 114 days - meat
domesticus

2. CATTLE

3.
CARABAO

4. GOAT

5. SHEEP

6. HORSE

7. RABBIT

8. ASS
9. CAMEL

B. Birds - -

1.
CHICKEN

2. DUCKS
a.
Muscovy
b. Mallard

3. GOOSE

4. TURKEY

5. QUAIL

6. PIGEON

7. GUINEA
FOWL

8. OSTRICH

9. SWAN

10.
PEAFOWL
11.
PHEASANT