Lombos Avenue, San Isidro, Parañaque City

PATTS REVIEW CENTER

AERODYNAMICS

SET B
Answer key

1. B

2. A standard altimeter reads 14,000 ft when the ambient temperature is 35 oF. The density
altitude is ________ feet.

Given:
hP = 14,000 ft
T = 35 oF + 460 = 495 oR
Required:
hd
Solution:

( ) [ ]
5 .25 5. 26
ah (−0 . 003566 )(14 , 000)
P=Po 1+ p =(2 ,116 . 8 ) 1+
To 519
= 1,243.48 lb/ft2

P 1 ,243 . 48
ρ= =
gRT (32 .1740953 .342 )(495 ) = 0.001464 slug/ft3

( )
4 .25
ρ ah d
= 1+
ρo To

To ρ
[( ) ] ( )[( ) ]
1 1
519 0.001464
hd = 4 .26 −1 = 4 .26 −1
a ρo −0.003566 0.002377
= 15,651.24 psf

Ans. B

3. A horizontal pipeline enlarges from a diameter of 6 inches at point A to a diameter of 12

inches at point B. The flow of water is 20 cu ft per second, and the pressure at point A is 10 lb
per sq inch. The pressure at point B is ___________ lb per sq inch.

Given

1
 dA = 6”

dB= 12”

Q = 20 ft3/sec

PA = 10 psi

Required:

PB

Solution:

V P A V B2 P B
A2
+ = +
2 ρ 2 ρ

[ ( )]
4
8 ρQ 2 dA
PB =P A + 2 1−
π dA dB
¿

[ ( )]
4
8 ρQ 2 d
PB =P A + 2 1− A
π dA dB¿

PB = 10,875.03 psf = 75.52 psi

Ans. C

4. A Venturi tube narrows down from 6 inches to 4 inches in diameter. If the pressure at the
throat is 2 lb per sq inch less than at the larger section, the rate of flow of water (in cubic
meter per second) is __________.

Given:

d1 = 6”

d2 = 4”

P2 = P1 – 2 lb/in2

P1 – P2 = 2 lb/in2

Required:

Solution:

√ [ ( )]
πd 2( P1 −P2 )
22
Q=
4 d2 4
ρ 1−
d1

2
 √
2
π (4 /12) 2(2 x144 )
Q=
4
[ ( )]
4
4
(1 .94 ) 1−
6

Q = 1.679 ft3/sec = 0.048 m3/sec

Ans. D

5. A cylinder 3 ft in diameter and 9 ft long is rotating at 140 revolutions per minute in an

airstream of 45 miles per hour. The total lift (in pounds) is __________.

Given:

d = 3’

l = 9’

N = 140 rpm

V∞ = 45 mph

Required:

LT

Solution:

LT = ∏2ρ∞V∞d2Nl

= (∏)2(0.002377)(45x22/15)(3)2(140/60)(9)

LT = 292.64 lb

Ans. A

6. The drag polar equation of an airplane is given by the relation:

2
CD = 0.025 + 0.046 CL

The lift coefficient for best range is ________.

Given:

CD =
O 0.025

∏Ae = 1/0.046

Required:

CL for best range

Solution:

3
 C L= √ π AeC D
O

C L= √0. 025/0. 046 = 0.737

Ans. C

7. At sea level, an airplane rate of climb is 1,070 ft per minute. Its absolute ceiling is 18,400 ft.
The rate of climb at 12,000 ft altitude is _______ ft per minute.

Given:

R.C.O = 1,070 ft/min

H = 18,400 ft

h = 12,000 ft

Required;

R.C.h

Solution:

hR . C .O
R .C .h =R . C .O−
H

(12 , 000)(1, 070)

R .C .h =1. 070−
18 ,400

R.C.h = 372.17 fpm

Ans. A

8. If the Mach number of a transport plane flying at a standard altitude of 8,000 meters is 0.76,
its flight speed (in meters per second) is ____________.

Given:

h = 8,000 m

M = 0.76

Required:

Solution:

V =MV a =20 .05 M √T O +ah

V =(20.05)( 0 ,76) √288+(−6.51)(8))

4
 V = 234.05 m/sec

Ans. C

9. The drag polar equation of an advanced light twin airplane in clean configuration can be
written as:
2
CD = 0.0358 + 0.0405CL

For best endurance, the induced drag coefficient is __________.

Given:

C D =0. 0358
O

π Ae=1/0. 0405

Required:

CD
i

Solution:

For best range,

1
CD = CD
O 3 i

C D =3 C DO
i

C D =(3 )(0 .0358 )=0 . 1074

i

Ans. B

10. Consider a normal shock wave with the pressure ratio P 2/P1 equals twice the density ratio
ρ2/ρ1. The downstream Mach number of the wave is __________.

Given:

NSW

P2 ρ2
=2
P1 ρ1

5
 Required:

M2

Solution:

P2 ρ2
=2
P1 ρ1

( )
7 M 2−1 6M
1 12
=2
6 M 2+ 5
1

7 M 4 +35 M 2 −M 2 −5=72 M
1 1 1 12

7 M 4 −38 M 2 −5=0
1 1

2
ax +bx +c=0

−b± √b 2−4 ac
x=
2a

Let: x = M1

a= 7

b = -38

c = -5

−(−38)+ √(−38)2−( 4 )(7)(−5 )

M 1=
(2 )(7)
M1 = 2.36

( )
1
M 2 +5 2
1
M 2=
7 M 2−1
1

[ ]
1
(2 .36 )2 +5 2
M 2= =0 .527
(7)(2 .36 )2 −1

Ans. D

11. An expansion wave is created by a deflection angle of 10 degrees at a supersonic stream with
Mach number of 2 and a pressure ratio P 2/P1 = 1/3. The Mach number after the wave is
______.

6
 Given:

Expansion wave

Ѳ = 10O

P2 1
=
P1 3

Required:

M2

Solution:

( )
3 .5
P2 M 2 +5
1
=
P1 M 2 2 +5

[( ) ]
1
M 2 +5 2
1
M 2= 1
−5
P2 3 .5
P1

[( ) ]
2 1
(2) +5 2
M 2= 1
−5
1 3 .5
3
M2 = 2.71

Ans . A

12. D
13. A
14. C
15. D
16. C
17. C
18. D
19. D
20. B
21. A
22. D
23. C

7
24. D
25. B