Week 1 Basic Parts of the Cell

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Biotechnology - Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: The Main Parts and Organelles of the Cell

First Edition, 2019

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Published by: Quezon City High School

Science Department Head – Mr. Fidel O Guantero Jr.
Principal: Mrs. Angeline T. Torres – Principal IV

Development Team of the Module

Authors: JONALYN P. PENILLA

Editors: IMELDA CONCEPCION B. MANUNTAG
BHABES CLEMENTE
Reviewers: FIDEL O. GUANTERO JR.
Language Validators: GRACE F. CRISTOBAL (QCHS)

Management Team:

Mrs. Angeline T. Torres, Principal IV

Mr. Fidel O. Guantero Jr. – HT VI (QCHS)

Printed in the Philippines by Schools Division Office- Quezon City

Department of Education – Region NCR
Office Address: Nueva Ecija St., Bago Bantay Quezon City
Telefax: 3456-0343 Telephone No.:8352-6806/6809
E-mail Address: sdoqcactioncenter@gmail.com

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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Before you start answering the Supplementary Learning Material (SLeM), I
want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb you while enjoying the lessons.
Read carefully the instructions below to successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit.
Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every part of
this SLeM.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Keep in mind that
writing develops and enhances learning,
3. Perform all the provided activities in the SLeM.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THIS MODULE

This will provide what will you will be able to know after
Expectations completing the lessons in the SLeM.

This will assess your prior knowledge and the concepts to

Pretest be mastered throughout the lesson.

This section will measure the skills that you learned and
Looking Back understood from the previous lesson.
to your Lesson

Brief This section will give you an overview of the lesson.

Introduction

These are activities designed to develop your critical

Activities thinking and other competencies that you need to
master. This can be done solely or with your partner
depending on the nature of the activity.

This section summarizes the concepts and applications of

Remember the lessons.

Check your This will verify how you learned from the lesson.
Understanding

Posttest This will measure how much you have learned from the
entire SLeM.

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 LESSON 1: BASIC PARTS OF THE CELL
(Week 1)

Expectation:
At the end of lesson 1 you will investigate the basic types and parts of the
cell. Specifically, this SLeM will help you to:

● identify and describe cell the basic parts and functions;

● differentiate plant cell from animal cell and prokaryote from eukaryote;
● point out the importance of the basic parts of the cell in Biotechnology.

Pre-test

DIRECTIONS: Read and answer each item carefully.

_____1. It is known as the basic unit of life.

A. cell B. ecosystem C. matter D. virus
_____2. Referring to the illustration below, which is a bacterial cell?

A. B. C. D.
_____3. Which of the following type of cells have plasma membrane?
A. Animal Cell C. Plant cell
B. Bacterial Cell D. All of the above
_____4. The jelly-like substance part of the cell is the ______.
A. cytoplasm B. ectoplasm C. endoplasm D. mesoplasm
_____5. Pedro placed an unknown slide specimen under a compound
microscope. He observed that it has nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma
membrane and cell wall. What do you think is it?
A. animal cell C. plant cell
B. bacterial cell D. skin cell

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 Looking Back to your Lesson (Levels of Biological Organization)

The biological levels of organization of living things arranged from the

simplest to most complex. Cell is the basic unit of life. A group of cells with one
specific function is called tissue. A group of tissue working together is called organ.
Organ system is a group of organs. Organism is a self-contained individual.
Organisms can be unicellular (ex. Bacteria and amoebae and multicellular organisms
comprised of organs and organ systems. Population is a group of multiple organisms
of the same species within a specific area. Community consists of the different species
within a certain area. Ecosystem is consisting of biotic organisms (living things) and
abiotic organisms (non-living things) living in a certain area. Biome is a large
community of plants and animals adapted to a specific climate.

DIRECTIONS: Unscramble each of the clue words. Copy the letters in

the numbered cells to other cells with the same number.

1. RHSIEBPEO __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
1 2
2. MIEOB __ __ __ __ __
3
3. MTYOECSES __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
4
4. YIUMCOMNT __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
13 5
5. NIAUOPLPTO __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
6 15 7
6. GNMROASI __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
9
7. NGORA TMYESS __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
10
8. RANOG __ __ __ __ __

9. UTSIES __ __ __ __ __ __
11 12 14
10. LELC __ __ __ __
8 16

PASSWORD: Unlock the key concept

T __ __ __ a __ __ c __n i __ of
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

__ __ f __ __ __ __ __ __ __.
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

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 BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Living organisms are composed of a unit structure capable of growth,
metabolism, responsiveness, energy transformation and reproduction. This
unit structure is called cell. Without cells, life is impossible. Let us have a
closer look on how wonderful cells are.

The first cells to appear on Earth were prokaryotic cells. A prokaryote is an organism
made of a single prokaryotic cell. The earliest prokaryotes may have arisen more than
2.5 billion years ago. Bacteria are prokaryotes. They are very small cells with a simple
structure. Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus. This means that their DNA is not
enclosed in a membrane inside the cell. Instead, prokaryotes have a single loop of
DNA that floats in the cell’s cytoplasm. Protein-making bodies called ribosomes also
form part of the cytoplasm. Like all cells, prokaryotes have a cell membrane. All
prokaryotes also have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane. The cell wall helps
provide support and protection for the cell. Some prokaryotes are enclosed by an
additional layer. This layer is called the capsule. The capsule has a sticky surface
area, so it allows prokaryotes to cling to surfaces, such as your skin and your teeth.
Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic cells. They all have cell
membranes, ribosomes, and DNA as prokaryotic cells do. However, the DNA of
eukaryotic cells does not float freely in the cytoplasm. Instead, it is found in the
nucleus, an internal compartment bound by a cell membrane. The nucleus is one
kind of organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Organelles are structures that perform
specific functions. Most organelles are surrounded by a membrane. Some organelles
have membranes that form channels which help transport substances from one part
of the cell to another part of the cell. Eukaryotes are organisms made of one or more
eukaryotic cells. The earliest eukaryotes, like the first prokaryotes, were single-celled
organisms. They arose about 1 billion years later than the earliest prokaryotes. Later,
multicellular eukaryotes arose. Every type of multicellular organism that exists is
made up of eukaryotic cells.

Activity 1: CELL CHECK

Objectives: In this activity, you should be able to identify and describe the
difference between prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell.

Materials: Pen and paper, biotechnology notebook, Biology textbooks

Directions: Answer the questions below based on the reading passage above.

1. What is cell?

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 _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
.
2. What are the two types of cell?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. What is a prokaryote? eukaryote?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. Enumerate three (3) characteristics of prokaryotic cell?
a. _______________________________________________________
b. _______________________________________________________
c. _______________________________________________________
5. Enumerate three (3) characteristics of eukaryotic cell?
a. ______________________________________________________
b._______________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________

Activity 2: IDENTIFYING BASIC PARTS OF THE CELL

Objectives: In this activity, you should be able to know the basic parts
of the cell.

Materials: Pictures of Prokaryotic Cell (Bacterial Cell) and Eukaryotic Cell

(Animal Cell and Plant Cell)

Directions: Read the discussions below then fill in the table to show the
different parts of the cells mentioned.

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 Characteristics Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell
(Bacterial Cell) Animal Cell Plant Cell
1. Cell wall
a. definition

b. function
2. Plasma Membrane
a. definition

b. function
3. Cytoplasm
a. definition

b. function
4. Nucleus
a. definition

b. function

Activity 3: LABELING CELL PARTS

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Objective: In this activity, you should be able to locate the basic parts of the
cell.
Materials: Pictures of Plant Cell, Animal Cell and Bacterial Cell
Directions: Label the parts of the cell.

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 Activity 4: ANIMAL CELL OR PLANT CELL
Objectives: In this activity, you should be able to compare and contrast the parts of
animal cell and plant cells.

Materials: Pen and paper/ biotech notebook / Biology textbooks

Direction: Observe the illustration below and list down the parts of animal
cell and plant cell.

ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL

Questions:
1. Name the common parts between animal cell and plant cell.
___________________________________________________________________
2. Name the parts of the cell that can be found only in plant cell.
___________________________________________________________________

Modify and be creative!

Using available materials at home, make a 3D representation of prokaryotic
cell and eukaryotic cell.

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 Remember

● Cell is the basic unit of living organism.

● There are two types of cell namely the prokaryotic cell and the eukaryotic cell.

● Prokaryotic cell do not contain membrane bound organelle and the genetic
material is not separated by a nuclear membrane while eukaryotic cell contain
membrane bound organelles and the nucleus is separated with a nuclear
membrane.

● Bacterial cell is an example of prokaryotic cell while animal cell and plant cell is
an example of eukaryotic cell.

● Cell Wall is not only found in plant cell. The different composition of cell walls
based on organisms: Plant Cell Wall – cellulose, Bacterial Cell Wall –
peptidoglycan and Fungi Cell Wall -chitin.

● Cell has three (3) basic parts namely the plasma membrane or cell membrane,
cytoplasm and the nucleus

● The plasma membrane enters what the cell need such as food and water and
exit/leaves the waste material that the cell produced.

● The cytoplasm is a thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell
membrane.

● The nucleus contains the genetic material that serves as the information
processing and administrative function of the cell. It is called the DNA or
deoxyribonucleic acid.

● Knowing and understanding the different functions and structures of the

basic parts of the cell such as the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
leads to an innovations and breakthroughs that may be used in the
future.

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