MODULE 1

ARGUMENTS USED IN
MANIFESTOES

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*WHAT I KNOW

To check what you already know about our new topic/ lesson, answer the pre-test
below.

PRE-TEST
Directions: Write True if the statement is correct; False if it is wrong. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

__T__1. In academic writing, argument is usually a main idea, often called a “claim” or
“thesis statement,” backed up with evidence that supports the idea.

__F__2. Academic writing is a kind of writing where the students establish a position in
a given topic and then use evidence to persuade the audience to see things from their
point of view.

__T__ 3. Manifestoes help you organize your stand on an issue and convince the
people to change their mind about things which many of them are pretty firm about.

__T__ 4. A clear, concise, and defined thesis statement should be written in the first
paragraph of the essay.

__T _ 5. In analyzing an issue and developing an argument academic journals may be

included as supporting evidence.

__F__ 6. Argumentative writing gives only one side of the argument.

__T__ 7. A manifesto not only advances a set of ideas, opinions, or views but it can
also lay out a plan of action.

__T__ 8. Claim refers to the writer’s position on an issue.

__F__ 9. In argumentative writing, a writer presents an argument and backed up with

pictures.

__T__ 10. Conclusion in argumentative writing does not simply restate the thesis. It
readdresses the thesis in light of the evidence provided

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 10/10
*ASSESSMENT

Post Test
Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best
answer, and write it on a separate sheet of paper.

A 1. The following are the things we need to do to write a great argument,

EXCEPT_________.
A. make a diary of events
B. make an educated stance
C. investigate several sides of the argument
D. collect evidence, including facts, statistics, and claims

C 2. Which refers to a published declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of

the issuer, be it an individual, group, political party or government?
A. Law C. Manifesto
B. Academic Texts D. Arguments

B 3. Which of the following part of an argumentative writing needs ample time to

collect information?
A. Introduction C. Conclusion
B. Body D. Thesis Statement

D 4. In academic writing, what is often called a “claim” or “thesis statement,” backed up

with evidence that supports the idea?
A. concept C. research
B. question D. argument

D 5. Which of the following is to be considered in writing a manifesto?

A. What issue should I address?
B. What do I want others do to address the issue?
C. What changes must I see?
D. All of the above

A 6. In analyzing an issue and developing an argument, the following may be

included as supporting evidence EXCEPT;
A. diaries C. in-depth studies
B. current issues D. position papers and analyses

C 7. Which of the following is employed in writing a manifesto?

A. Be concise and use clear language.
B. Avoid using long and complicated words.
C. Both A and B
D. Neither A nor B

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D 8. The following situations can be used to express a position, EXCEPT:
A. Social issues C. Recurring issues
B. Intriguing issues D. Gossips

A 9. How can you make your argumentative paper convincing?

A. Sources are cited properly.
B. Support opinions with others’ opinion about the topic.
C. Record findings and post on any social media platform.
D. Use more emotive words to sway the readers.

C 10. Which portion of an argumentative essay will leave the most immediate
impression on the mind of the reader, and it must be effective and logical?
A. Introduction C. Conclusion
B. Body D. Title

*WHAT I HAVE
LEARNED
You have come this far. Congratulations! You are truly doing a
great job.
Now, let us sum up what you have learned from our lesson by completing the given
phrases below. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper

1. A good argumentative writing is composed of…

-Introductory paragraph the first paragraph of your essay should outline the topic,
provide background information necessary to understand your argument, outline the
evidence you will present and states your thesis.

2. Manifesto refers to…

-a published declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an
individual, group, political party or government. A manifesto usually accepts a previously
published opinion or public consensus or promotes a new idea with prescriptive notions
for carrying out changes the author believes should be made. It often is political, social
or artistic in nature, sometimes revolutionary, but may present an individual's life stance.
Manifestos relating to religious belief are generally referred to as creeds.

3. In supporting and developing our arguments, we need to…

-gather material, or find arguments to support your thesis statement. Aristotle
taught his students to examine any claim by "discovering arguments." You will use
some of his techniques to formulate support for your claim. Brainstorm, adapting the
questions below as a guide, and writing down even the ideas that don't appear to you
very promising–you can sort through them later.

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 MODULE 2
DEFENDING AN STAND
AN ISSUE BY
PRESENTING
REASONABLE
ARGUMENTS

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 10/10
*WHAT I KNOW

To check what you already know about our new topic/lesson answer the pre-test below.

PRE-TEST
Directions: Identify the term described in each of the sentences below. Choose your
answers from the words inside the box, then, write them on a separate sheet of paper.
These words are important in presenting arguments, so be ready for vocabulary work.

Factual Défense Persuade Opinion

Issue Reason Claim Evidence

Counterclaim

PERSUADE 1. It is to cause someone to believe about something through a consistent

effort of convincing.

ISSUE 2. It is the point at which an unsettled matter is ready for a decision.

OPINION 3. This view or judgment about something is formed not necessarily based
on fact or knowledge.

REASONS 4. It is a sufficient ground of explanation or logical defense to explain a

fact.

DEFENSE 5. These are action or words to resist an attack.

ARGUMENTS 6. It is a statement of reasons wherein facts are intended to support a

point of view.

COUNTERCLAIM 7. This is purposely made to rebut a previous claim.

FACTUAL 8. It is restricted and is based on facts.

EVIDENCE 9. These are facts or information as a proof of whether a belief or

proposition is true or valid.

CLAIM 10. It is an assertion of the truth of something, typically one that is disputed
or in doubt.

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 *ASSESSMENT

Directions: From the given issue below, develop into an argumentative paper. Second,
do some researches to gather information. Third, defend your stand to convince your
reader to support your stand.

Issue: Online Classes Among Public Schools Students

-Cyberbullying or cyber harassment is a form of bullying or harassment using

electronic means. Cyberbullying and cyber harassment are also known as online
bullying. It has become increasingly common, especially among teenagers, as the
digital sphere has expanded and technology has advanced. Cyberbullying is when
someone, typically a teenager, bullies or harasses others on the internet and other
digital spaces, particularly on social media sites. Harmful bullying behavior can include
posting rumors, threats, sexual remarks, a victims' personal information, or pejorative
labels (i.e. hate speech). Bullying or harassment can be identified by repeated behavior
and an intent to harm. Victims of cyberbullying may experience lower self-esteem,
increased suicidal ideation, and various negative emotional responses, including being
scared, frustrated, angry, or depressed.

Cyberbullying is in many cases an extension of already existing traditional bullying.

Students who are bullied via the Internet have, in most cases, also been bullied in other
more traditional ways before (e.g, physically or verbally). There are few students who
are bullied exclusively over the Internet; these cyber victims are often physically
stronger students, which causes bullies to prefer online confrontations over face-to-face
contact at school.

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 *WHAT I HAVE
LEARNED
Directions: Complete the mind map below by summarizing the
guidelines on how
to defend a stand on an issue/s. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Make Issue Criteria

Keep in mind that you have to persuade others and make
them
believe in your claim. When shaping it, consider and ask
yourself the following
questions to ensure that you will be able to present strong
arguments on the issues.

Make an Appeal to Your

Audience
to convince a particular
Collect Evidences from person that your own views
properly - Cited Sources are sound, you
before deciding on a stand have to consider the
to defend, you should do Guidelines on audience way of thinking.
some research how to defend a Appealing to the audience is
on the subject matter. While
stand on an another important part of
you may already have an defending a stand on an
issue/s:
opinion on your topic and issue. This can help you
an idea about which side of strengthen your position or
the argument you want to claim. In an academic
take, you need to ensure argument, logical appeals
that your position is well are the most common,
supported. ethical and emotional
appeals may be used as
well.

Organize your Viewpoints or Arguments

In presenting arguments, you are typically asked to take a
position on an issue or topic and explain and support your
position with research from reliable and credible sources.
The argument you are making should be clear within
your thesis statement.

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 MODULE 3
POSITION PAPER

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 *WHAT I KNOW

PRE-TEST
Directions: Copy the graphic organizer below on a separate sheet of
paper, then write on the circles words or phrases that you think can be associated
with the word “Position Paper”.

OUTLINE

PLATFORM POSITION MANIFESTO

PAPER

POLICY REPORT

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*ASSESSMENT

Post Test
Directions: Given the topic below, expound your stand and give reasons using
the supporting evidence you have researched and provided. Then, develop these facts
into a coherent position paper following the given outline. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

Topic/Issue: Is online learning effective or not?

The Devastating Effects of COVID 19 Pandemic

TITLE

The world these past 7 months, is experiencing one of the darkest times of its
dense history because of the abrupt existence of a very detrimental COVID19 (Corona
Virus Disease 2019) that originated in Wuhan, China, due to human negligence and
lack of sanitation.

This virus is very much contagious, that is why it became a global epidemic
(occurring worldwide, or over a very wide area, crossing international boundaries and
usually affecting a large number of people) in just 3 months! The Philippine government
didn’t impose travel bans and stringent safety protocols fast enough to prevent the virus
from entering the country, the slacking and inattentiveness of the government caused
some massive consequences to the entire nation.

Since the Philippines is only a developing country or a so-called third-world

country, the government could not very much contain the effects of the deadly
pandemic, imposing lockdowns and keeping people to go out of their houses and
huddling together were not enough to prevent more than 8,500 people to perish within 8
months and a worldwide death or 2.1 million people.

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 *WHAT I HAVE
LEARNED
Directions: Using the sentence outline format, supply the
template with correct information that will prove what you have learned so far from this
module. Write your answers in a separate sheet of paper.

I. Position Paper

A. Definition - is an essay that presents an arguable opinion about an issue –

typically that of the author or some specified entity. Position papers are published in
academia, in politics, in law and other domains. The goal of a position paper is to
convince the audience that the opinion presented is valid and worth listening to. Ideas
for position papers that one is considering need to be carefully examined when
choosing a topic, developing an argument, and organizing the paper.

B. Purpose - The purpose of a position paper is to generate support on an issue.

It describes a position on an issue and the rational for that position. The position paper
is based on facts that provide a solid foundation for your argument.

II. Parts of a Position Paper

A. INTRODUCTION
1. It consists/includes introduction of the issue,
explanation of the topic in order to provide the background information of the issue
and the assertion of the thesis statement.

B. BODY
1. It consists/includes the summary of the counterclaims, and
your arguments. Summary of the counterclaims refer to the counter arguments of
others who disagree with your claims or stand on an issue.

C. CONCLUSION
1. It consists/includes the restatement of the thesis
statement, arguments and the implications. You may include plan of action but do
not introduce new information.

III. Reminders in writing a Position paper

1. Make sure that your position paper has a clear topic and issue that has
adequate findings and support.

2. Make sure that the issue you are writing about is real and has two distinctive sides
that you can take.

3. Make sure you can provide evidence and support to side and claims.

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 MODULE 4
KINDS OF REPORTS

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 10/10
*WHAT I KNOW

To check what you already know about our new topic/lesson, answer the pre-test below.

PRE-TEST
Directions: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the best answer. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

D 1. Who writes reports?

a. department supervisors c. company owners
b. business managers d. all of the choices

C 2. What does orderly mean?

a. controversial c. carefully prepared
b. fact-based d. subjective

D 3. What does a report outline show?

a. the assumptions of your report c. the progress of your report
b. the suggestions of your report d. the order of your report sections

B 4. You’re writing a report about your company’s profits for the year. What pattern of
organization should you use?
a. a quantity-based pattern c. a factor-based pattern
b. a time-based pattern d. a place-based pattern

A 5. What does a good title do?

a. captures the purpose of the report
b. shows how the report is presented
c. explains the findings of the report
d. shows which sections of the report are the most important

B 6. Executive summary “should be self-explanatory”. What does this mean?

a. It should convince the reader to agree with the report findings.
b. The reader does not need to read the other report sections to understand the
executive summary.
c. The reader does not need to read the executive summary.
d. It should be easy to read.

D 7. Which is NOT one of the 5 Ws?

a. Where b. Why c. What d. With

C 8. Which describes the body of a report?

a. It is where you summarize the entire report.
b. It is where you make your conclusions.
c. It is where you present the research findings.
d. It is where you write the references.

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C 9. What is the most suitable verb to complete the sentence below?
A conclusion should _______ the findings already presented in the report.
a. narrates b. describe c. explain d. not include

D 10. What word does NOT describe a report?

a. factual b. orderly c. objective d. entertaining

10/10
*ASSESSMENT

Post Test
Directions: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the best answer. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

A 1. In which section can you read the summary of the major points, conclusions, and
recommendations and it should be written to give a general overview of report?
a. abstract b. title page c. conclusion d. body

B 2. Which section explains the problem and shows the reader why the report is being
made?
a. title page b. introduction c. conclusion d. body

D 3. Which type of report usually takes the form of a memo, letter or a very short
international document like a monthly financial report, monthly activities report, research
and development report
a. informational report c. formal report
b. analytical report d. informal report

C 4. What do you call the documents that wish to inform, analyze, or recommend?
a. informational report c. report
b. analytical report d. informal report

C 5. Which type of formal report advocates a particular course of action? This usually
presents the results and conclusions that support the recommendations.
a. informational report c. recommendation report
b. analytical report d. informal report

B 6. Which type of report collects and interprets data and information? It is complex
and used at an official level.
a. informational report c. financial report
b. formal report d. feasibility report

A 7. Which type of formal report presents results so readers can understand a particular
problem or situation?
a. analytical report c. progress report
b. informational report d. credit report

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D 8. In which section can you see the listing of sources consulted and where
information was lifted to form your text?
a. appendices b. table of contents c. conclusion d. reference

A 9. Which type of formal report goes a step beyond presenting results? It presents
results, analyzes those results, and draws conclusions based on those results. It
attempts to describe why or how something happened and try to explain what it means.
a. analytical report c. progress report
b. informational report d. credit report

C 10. Which is NOT a type of informal report?

a. progress report c. informational report
b. sales activity report d. personnel evaluation

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 MODULE 5
SURVEY QUESTION

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 10/10
*WHAT I KNOW

To check what you already know about our new topic/lesson, answer the pre-test below.

PRE-TEST
Directions: Consider yourself as a client to answer the questions below. Put a check (✓)
if you think the question is clear and understandable and it does not create any difficulty
and confusion and (X) if it is confusing or difficult. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.

__✓___ 1. What medium of communication you will use to become updated with the
events?
Magazine or Newspaper ✓
Radio
Television
Internet ✓

__✓___ 2. What is your most usual means you use to become updated with the events?
Magazine or Newspaper
Radio
Television
Internet ✓

_____ 3. Enter in the boxes opposite the three options you selected below
Option A Option B Option C
Option D Option E Option F

_____ 4. Below are the features of camping holiday. Indicate their importance to you by
Placing numbers 1 -4 where 1 is the most important.
People __✓____
Cost ______
Open Air ___✓___
Mobility ______
Atmosphere ___✓___

___✓__ 5. “Have you been to an out of town trip recently?”

_____ 6. “Have you been to an out of town trip in the last two weeks?”

_____ 7. “Do you think women should eat less and exercise more?”

_____ 8. “Are you against a ban on marijuana?”

_____ 9. Give your age on 1st June 2019 ____ years.

___✓__ 10. Are you…

___✓___ Under 18
______ 18-65
______ Over 65
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 .

10/10
*ASSESSMENT

Post Test
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

A 1. Which defines questionnaire?

a. a tool designed to control data for a survey
b. the collecting of information about a particular subject
c. to gather data from respondents
d. translates the research problem into questions that will answered by respondents.

A 2. How can you say that a questionnaire is well-designed?

a. A well-designed questionnaire needs to be as short as possible.
b. A well-designed questionnaire needs to be long to ensure clarity.
c. A well-designed questionnaire needs to have idiomatic expressions.
d. A well-designed questionnaire needs to be in an essay form.

D 3. What is the second step in designing a survey questionnaire?

a. Pre-testing
b. Identifying the respondents
c. Identifying the research problem
d. Identifying the type of questions to be used

A 4. Which of the following is considered a good questionnaire item?

a. Rate your experience in the service provided.
b. If you were the president, what would you do to combat the COVID-19 pandemic
c. How long does it take you to walk and run around the court?
d. How much did you enjoy reading the new novel?

A 5. Study the questionnaire item below and choose the correct statement that
describes the question.
Do you go to the park when you are stressed from work?

a. There is nothing wrong with the question.

b. The question assumes that the respondent gets stressed at work.
c. It is an open-ended question and will be hard to quantify.
d. It is a double-barreled question since work and the park are two separate places.

C 6. If you want to know how the students feel about the new rules and regulations set
by your organization, what type of questions will you most likely use?
a. multiple choice b. ranking c. Likert-Scale d. fill in the blanks

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B 7. “How much is your ‘baon’ every day?”
If you were to revise this question, how should it be?
a. I will not include this question in my questionnaire because it is not necessary.
b. I will provide options so that the respondent will not feel embarrassed.
Example: Our parents does not give us money as ‘baon’.
Php 1.00-49.99
Php50.00 - 99.99
Php 100.00 – above
c. there is no need to revise this question because it will give the information I need.
d. Do your parents give you ‘baon’? Yes No

D 8. Participants in a pre-test should be ______.

a. imaginary respondents
b. friends and relatives
c. individuals outside the target population under study
d. representatives of the target population under study

D 9. In testing questionnaire, why is it necessary to observe where the respondents

changed their mind in answering?
a. It will help the researcher understand why the items might be confusing.
b. It will reveal some items that might be confusing so they hesitated or changed their
minds.
c. It will show which items need revision.
d. All of the above

D 10. Now that you have all the questionnaires ready, reviewed, and sequenced, which
of the following do you still need to consider?
a. the format of the question items
b. writing an introduction and instructions
c. the type of paper where it will be printed
d. All of the above

*WHAT I HAVE
LEARNED
Directions: Let us go back to the K-W-L chart. This time, you will
fill the L column with what you learned from this lesson.
K W L
What do you KNOW about What do you WANT to What did you LEARN
survey questionnaires? know about survey about survey
questionnaires? questionnaires?

specific questions with specific questions with  specific questions with

the goal to understand a the goal to understand a the goal to understand a
topic from the topic from the topic from the
respondents' point of respondents' point of respondents' point of
view. view. view.

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