The living world

What is living ?
"
Defining property

Growth
Reproduction
Cellular organisation
Metabolism
Consciousness
Self consciousness
Growth -

→ Increase of Size
Mass
Number
Are
Non
living things
-

can

also exhibit
"
growth -

Not
"

a
defining properly -
 Asexual
Reproduction
↓
-

↳FTag mentation

Sef -
on
]
Algae
Protonema
Not a definite Fungi
property
Infertile couple
pudding
}
Male yeast -

Hydra
worker
honeybee > Fission
Metabismsamtotal
€
d-
chemical reactions

, to
cell

CeHulanOv##atm
Coercions ness →
=

"
"

Response → Stimulus

Defining properly
f 1
-

Self coercions ness

"

↳ Man
Which of the following represents the defining property of life

Growth

Reproduction

Cellular organisation

Metabolism

Consciousness

Self consciousness
 Biodiversity
Diversity in living world "
"

_
Species =
"

species
"

richness
=
"
"

1. 7 to 1.8 million ✓
=
 To study the
Biodiversity

⇐ ,
Systematics
Max ◦ no

my of similarities
systematic , →
study
b/w two Organisms
Taxonomy → Identification
Characterisation
Classification S Nomenclature
Carolus Linnaeus -

Systema
=
Naturae
 Binomial Nomenclature
" "

f =

↳ Naming by using
Linnaeus

-Ma¥eai÷ÉÉʰ
= 2 Words
←

Homo sapiens
 International code for
ICBN -

( plant ) Botanical Nomenclature .

International Code d-
ICZN -

[Animal ) Zoological Nomenclature

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE

1. Biological names are generally in Latin and written in italics. They

are Latinised or derived from Latin irrespective of their origin.

2. The first word in a biological name represents the genus while the
second component denotes the specific epithet. -

specie
name
,

3. Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten, are

separately underlined, or printed in italics to indicate their Latin
origin.

4. The first word denoting the genus starts with a capital letter while
the specific epithet starts with a small letter. It can be illustrated
with the example of Mangifera indica.
 TAXONOMIC HEIRARCHY Linnaeus
=

→ Taxon

Botany Each position

→

zoology
or Rankin

Heiravchy is

"
called
Genera
" "
"
-

Taxon
-
Species -
Organisms with their Taxonomic Categories
 !

TAXONOMICAL AIDS

Herbarium Flora

Botanical gardens Manuals

Museum Monographs

Zoological parks Catalogues

Key
 ✓_ A sheet of
HERBARIUM
Paper
-
Dried S Pressed
plant body
Local Name

English Name
Binomial Name

Family
Dali S
Name
Place
Collector's
'

name
BOTANICAL GARDEN

The famous botanical gardens (Royal

botanical garden ) are at Kew
(England),
}
Indian Botanical Garden, Howrah
→ Feat
(India)

National Botanical Research Institute,

Lucknow (India).

where live
A
large area

protected
-
plants are
MUSEUM
- Room
/ Hall
/ Buildinganimals
① Preserved plants /
② Skeletons
in
glass jars
③ Stuffed animals

⑨ Fossils
⑤ Insect boxes
 An area -
where animals are
ZOOLOGICAL PARKS
protected under human
@ 00 ) care
 KEY

Boo Used for identification of plants and animals based on

similarities and dissimilarities

Boo contrasting characters generally in a pair called couplets

Boo Each statement in a key is called lead

FLORA
Flora contains the actual account of habitat and distribution of a
plant in given area

MANUAL

It Identification of names of species found in an

area
MONOGRAPHS
It contain information on any on taxon
 Thankyou

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