LEARNER’S PACKET (LeaP)

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12 Quarter
Learning Days
FIRST QUARTER
MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, FRIDAY
Week No.
Date Covered
1
SEPTEMBER 13-17
I. LESSON TITLE Introduction to Philosophy
II. MOST ESSENTIAL 1. Distinguish a holistic perspective from a partial point of view.
LEARNING 2. Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) 3. Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation from a holistic perspective
III. CORE CONTENT The learner understands the meaning and process of doing philosophy.
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITITES
I. Introduction
Philosophers are people who engage in philosophy. Do you know of
some Greek Philosophers?
Directions: Identify the following person in the picture. Write your
answer on the space provided.
1. _____________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________
D. Development

The most notable ancient Greek philosophers are:

Pythagoras (570 BCE to 495 BCE)- A mathematician and scientist, he was credited with formulating the Pythagorean
theorem.
Heraclitus (535 BCe to 475 BCE)- He proposed that everything that exists is based on a higher order or plan which he
called logos.
Democritus (460 BCE to 370 BCE)- He devoted himself to the study of the causes of natural phenomena.
Diogenes of Sinope (412 BCE to 323 BCE)- He was a known advocate of living a simple and virtuous life.
Epicurus (341 BCE to 270 BCE)- He believed that philosophy could enable man to live a life of happiness.
Socrates (470 BCE to 399 BCE)- He was considered the foremost philosophers of ancient times. He was credited with
formulating the Socratic method- means of examining a topic by devising a series of questions that let the learner examine
and analyze his knowledge and views regarding the topic.
Plato (427 BCE to 347 BCE)- A student of Socrates, he wrote down his mentor’s teaching and incorporated some of his own
ideas into them. Plato’s most significant ideas included his Theory of Forms, which proposes that everything that exist is
based on an idea or template than can only be perceived in the mind. Plato is also known for his dialectic- a method of
inquiry where two opposing ideas are discussed in an attempt to arrive at new knowledge. Plato’s lasting contribution to
learning was his founding of the Academy, an institution of higher learning.
Aristotle (384 BCE to 322 BCE)- He attended the Academy, and was the prominent student of Plato. For him, all ideas and
views are based on perception and our reality is based on what we can sense and perceive. His studies in logic led to the
formulation of a formal process of analyzing reasoning which give rise to deductive reasoning-the process by which
specific statements are analyzed to reach a conclusion or generalization.

The Difference Between Holistic Perspective from a Partial Point of View

❖ Holistic thinking refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in systems. A holistic perspective requires an
individual to have an open mindset and ability to get the general sense or impression regarding a situation.

❖ Partial thinking focuses on specific aspects of a situation. The partial view is an important component of analytical
thinking, as an individual focuses on certain areas or aspects of a problem in order to understand it.

❖ The term "holistic thinking" refers to a big picture mentality in which a person recognizes the interconnectedness of
various elements that form larger systems, patterns and objects. Thinking holistically is the opposite of analyzing something,
which involves breaking down a larger system into its details. Holistic medicine is a prominent example of holistic thinking. A
medical professional who believes in holistic care considers the relationship between the mind, body and spirit. For
example, holistic doctors don't just provide patients with medications. Instead, they look at ways to improve life balance
and eradicate health problems from their root source, such as high stress or bad nutrition.
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❖ In philosophy, point of view describes the perception of an event or phenomenon and how exactly it is viewed. Point of
view often is shaped by an individual's beliefs or experiences. Though partial thinking is useful, philosophy utilizes holistic
thinking in making sense of problems and issues related to the human experience.
❖ People tend to apply an analytical perspective when looking at problems or situations. A holistic view gives rise to a
more appreciative perspective about life, as we are able to look at life in its totality.

The Value of Doing Philosophy in Obtaining a Broad Perspective on Life

❖ Why do we philosophize? We all have the potential to philosophize since we have the tendency to wonder and doubt.
❖ A philosopher is a good communicator who can clearly and adequately present his or her ideas.
❖ Doing philosophy can be applied in day-to-day activities and life perspectives. Because it involves an evaluative
process, doing philosophy allows a person to make better decisions and act accordingly to situations with the help of
various philosophical skills. On life perspectives, philosophy enables reflective thinking which greatly influences a person’s
view of life, challenges, and relationships
❖ In doing philosophy, a holistic perspective on the subject is always required. Failure to do so or only using a partial point
of view may lead to illogical or incorrect conclusions.
❖ Plato traced man’s need to philosophize to his sense of wonder. Whenever we are confronted with an experience, we
always wonder how it came about.
❖ French philosopher Rene Descartes traced the need to philosophize to doubt. In life, we will be faced with several ideas
and arguments which present themselves as “truths”. A critical and questioning perspective is necessary to determine if
indeed these ideas or views are correct or true.
❖ Swiss-German philosopher Karl Jaspers saw the need to philosophize because of experience. These experiences limit
situation, philosophy provides us a means to understand adverse or challenging conditions, and to rise above them and
gain new knowledge and perspective.
❖ The need to philosophize is driven by the love for wisdom. To love wisdom is to have an insatiable desire for truth.
❖ Philosophy itself is a distinct area of knowledge with its own goals, concerns, and ways of doing things.

The following are the branches of philosophy that deals with a particular aspect of life or phenomena.
❖ Aesthetics is the branch of Philosophy which deals with beauty and what makes things “beautiful”.
❖ Logic is branch of philosophy which deals with correct reasoning.
❖ Epistemology discusses the nature of knowledge and knowing.
❖ Ethics is the branch which deals with moral questions and dilemmas.
❖ Political Philosophy studies governments and deals with questions of justice, power and the rights and obligations of
citizens.
❖ Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy which deals with questions regarding reality and existence.
❖ Philosophy of the Human Person-is an area in philosophy that understand the human person from a philosophical
perspective.

Doing a Philosophical Reflection on a Situation from Holistic Perspective

❖ Reflection requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts, feelings, and action and to learn more about one’s
life and experiences.

❖ Human self-reflection is the capacity of humans to exercise introspection and to attempt to learn more about their
fundamental nature and essence.

❖ Philosophy has an important place in our daily lives. Engaging in philosophical reflection leads to the development of
beneficial skills that individuals can apply in everyday situations.

❖ Reflection is vital in ensuring that our actions and decisions are well thought out and are done with due regard for their
implications and consequences on ourselves, others, and our surroundings.
❖ When we reflect, we can judge whether our actions or decisions are reasonable or not.
❖ Doing Philosophy enables a person to engage in critical analysis and interpretation of concepts, definitions, arguments,
and problems.
❖ Doing Philosophy also improves problem-solving and decision making. The ability to analyze a problem or dilemma,
identify the significant aspects, and come up with alternative solutions is an important skill learned through philosophy.
❖ In the process of doing philosophy, it is critical to have a holistic point of view-the perception of looking at all aspects of
a situation first before making a conclusion.
❖ Wisdom as it refers to a person’s ability to apply knowledge to daily life particularly in making sound choices and
judgment is the intended product of philosophizing.
❖ Finally, knowledge of Philosophy can contribute to self-development.

Examples of activities that emanated from a deliberate reflection

❖ Learning from your previous mistakes and not repeating them again
❖ Evaluating and knowing the best choice from a set of options
❖ Gaining a holistic point of view first before making any conclusion
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 E. Engagement

Direction: TRUE OR FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is correct otherwise choose FALSE. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
_______1. Plato traced man’s need to philosophize to his sense of wonder.
_______2. The need to philosophize is driven by the love for wisdom.
_______3. This is an area in philosophy that understand the human person from a philosophical perspective is holistic
thinking.
_______4. Swiss-German philosopher Karl Jaspers saw the need to philosophize because of doubt.
_______5. Aesthetics is branch of philosophy which deals with beauty.
_______6. Ethics is a branch of philosophy which deals with correct reasoning.
_______7. Logic is a branch of philosophy which discusses the nature of knowledge and knowing.
_______8. Philosophy of the Human Person is a branch of philosophy which deals with moral questions and dilemmas.
_______9. Metaphysics is branch of philosophy which deals with questions regarding reality and existence.
_______10. Political Philosophy is branch of philosophy which studies governments and deals with questions of justice,
power and the rights and obligations of citizens.

Direction: Write your answer on the space provided.

1. List down instances in your life that you were able to engage in philosophy.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. How did philosophy help you address your situation?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A. Assimilation
It’s time to reflect on what you have learned in today’s lesson. Fill in the last column (L) of the chart by writing the things
that you’ve learned in this module. Write your answer on the space provided

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 V. ASSESSMENT

Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided.
______1. The word Philos is a Greek word for _________.
a. Love b. Wisdom c. Philosopher d. Philosophy
______2. Sophia is a Greek word for ___________.
a. Love b. Wisdom c. Philosopher d. Philosophy
______3. The people who engages in philosophy are called________.
a. Love b. wisdom c. Philosophy d. Philosopher
______4. He was considered the foremost philosophers of ancient times. He was credited with formulating the Socratic
method___________.
a. Plato b. Aristotle c. Socrates d. Democritus
______5. A student of Socrates, he wrote down his mentor’s teaching and incorporated some of his own ideas into them
included his Theory of Forms________.
a. Plato b. Aristotle c. Socrates d. Democritus
______6. It refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in systems______.
a. Doubt b. Academy c. Holistic Thinking d. Partial Thinking
______7. It focuses on specific aspects of a situation, as an individual focuses on certain areas or aspects of a problem in
order to understand it.
a. Doubt b. Academy c. Holistic Thinking d. Partial Thinking
______8. It is the process by which specific statements are analyzed to reach a conclusion or generalization.
a. Academy b. Deductive reasoning c. Holistic d. Partial
______9. It requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts, feelings, and action and to learn more about one’s
life and experiences.
a. Reflection b. Observation c. Knowledge d. Doubts
______10. The Greek term for philosophy, philosophia, means ___.
a. Holistic Thinking d. Partial Thinking c. Love of wisdom d. Knowledge

VI. REFLECTION
The learners, in their notebook, journal or portfolio will write their personal insights about the lesson using the prompts
below.

I understand that _________________________________________________________________________________________________.

I realized that______________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Checked By:
JEFFRIE F. DITABLAN
Prepared By: HANELLE T. EVANGELISTA
Noted By:
DR. NERISSA R. DALUMPINES

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