fh-t Ray optics pe sear explain or tt tecklon te _rtfrattton, fidwten | ae | | t had assumed a _orpustuolar __theory af tg ht. Light _tnerpy fs _wyade up of tovpuscules, | whith ave mosstecs #lastk : partitiec. For screfrection, he had-aseuned that __ the te speed of (ovpulevjec was greater in. waeth and glass than mn air Eee a assumed that while s (ook/ny into ter, ones (ould cre ® his of sthe woold: pass thvovel, Peflection of Light by Spherital Miter z The angle _of imtdence = angle of reflect nh - The _incédené ray, the reflected ray the - normal, gil Ie _in the _£enae planei i £ & Ch tae’. \nivvo Ps, cenere of _reflycdény _svrlore s 4 Cn press pf curvature A $s contpe af cpiieve of whith the _mivvey se cut _ 2 Radive of _cUvvaduve radtve of the spheve i Principals sAets. line _jatning pole & Centre j of curvature oe primetpal Focus : A_polnt oh _prince/pol anie i } Jai J siwherewewthe —vtye at [phe | | Ineident soon the _matrvor _paraile) te the __prlnchal sorte _converpe or _aporay to Soh a= aSign__Convention ee wv dista ye of pela ctpels fetus teow pele te — ALVA \ 7 queers Lpistance—ate rs tht 4 Iyeldent—leght G4). 9 < distance OPP to the a Indien Hpi RicAL. Mr PROBE» nA ABE ; if tan AB - 1 ] BF ‘SP ina Ape fono= Ap oe 8. Wow sishvs ie very tml ‘idan iveoi ond tan »p.-26OWd 22), DAR = BF 2 = (3 ae t 4 j F -+ = ESE Bae i) Bee yr tt) ad e a = —y a 5 ize 7 Hire + — ae (+) = su the 2a — > 3 the dag BR New na hewte) 6s aay A zl Bis PF +t ta Ls (=> al al ot i ee = vl for ronvev_minvor, _atcvrme the ¢ollowing es dog yo na —12)—— MiP ROR Se Lindl. Fabs a 7108 SPHERICAL By IMAGE 7 + ; F 5 viveval a. | Lea , ' et ca voy. —pprar Jay pacet iz | meet Ss Bl is 4 Cd F q i [ when! 9 fa f__Fipat pay = | A yny | L | th f 4 pole __e woh the > pvr pyine/pal } | 4 | Lule 9 k A yoy of principal Bee | atte, petty ——| the principal4 ray of Ih pasting 4h rough the centve st wvvatuye of a _cpherttal vetvacec the came pathA_MPF te at hy_AAA _proprvey fof tounespon ding crdes ove eovalMir ron ogni fication of = thew gmall 107 hw measure wing thei asf ene image convex10 Refraction at & opherical in __Aape Bie Po in—APCL 1@ pornt P, of Spe [} 6 low my, cin’ = |, Sing boy very gins fn =e From (3), oie ona: ene oa) Loa, db fa eer Ee net “Sean eae er: diverging ee — 2) — (are > dense)Cig convention for lens cenvex Lens ts a converging lens. Bot Convex mirror ic ve A__divergingAtoncave lens 6 diverging } Hl Perearin By conver Lens Aap | Att POL ——F pp at A Split 2 _itne into i tg 2 tomponente | fe } A 4 ume ) x f 0 2 8 ; ~ 1 I, @\ @) 7 - ae pe dence& — [Beaail] Pavewhale ie + et ae te called lens makers fr maula (3) andi-(4)\ LHe aye same jp Thi ic thin lence formula. Note t= fy. (6). 0 ie drve fir both, tOntave f tanver Lenstss\e § — [Beda Pave: | x] Power of o° «:bens jy te the meqsvre of fonverg ence op divergence of a fens. ao = BN B57 & =) lend 109. _haies « smore! po web Pol F tan = b f hed unit ¢ tan& at ? 1 $= 1 Comal angle { Ccmall_angle) I SAY when Pram, pz b= 1 dioptre. Hence 2 dioptre is the power of la iene of Fecal fength tm. When F ig in empswing the ability tt Show. as Stpavate — the nang 00 ef Ewo point bhp ecks dyn y clase +6 each other Whdeesde kc the Smeal _dshan ce brtween the bw o aN AS poiln I objects sam a (cee de me 28 a wee! 1a =5 ao Q de Ls 261n0 md ta] it mindy wa pttween the objet & objtttive [ons of walt Po scope fe ees trans papent wied iv Wi of refractive index dA, Inttrad) «f gir, thy) aoe je> 2, sin & Smaller the value of 4, greater wetll be sts _recolving power ae RP: of microscope ot =. 2M sind¢ Filer wavelength Hntveace “4, tne Cannot Pismo peri re ee ee ability of a _t#lyscope 3 Pee chew d/stinee ty the" (ma ag ve i o__dittinee oy pete lying s 5 reco ht tein ae the angle Ge es ae ifs _ohfecklve py iit aces bess if ip banbuwiighieee TH ON Ss wl) ve A= wavtlngte ty heb Be —___D= diameter 0 —____abjettive of ttlestope- p|BNE ie eee eee Po pep ey Lene: when fovmed fe real, eee incre ear ee forme dic —tlwaye virtualFacet ftng th £ tpulvelrnd [the eS when one fenc Ses Se pinemis is Contave ieee Cas L pre fs) fF = the Combi nadie p Will oft cc a pfon 9 = il Qe 2 if ff, , - = (-ve) =) {¢@ntb/niZ si will att at Q coh(aue lene a Bae 3: || pf of, ¢ fo) fF = (te) =) toi aie es will att as a convey _[ehe a AS cach [ths maghitire the ‘mage formed by the preceed/ny [the, the total magnification ef the [eng Cembinetion te the pire dup Spee tallies ranyrticotions produced — by indtviduel [ence jt MM, Myx AND the powers will be added, P= Pitta thee aeTe jen cee ef fateh tenet oY oe fel Py ore separated. Ly a eae eins distance 4 , the focal a Length Bs of the Con b/notron weld be a ay lal dvd, hase |= bright af “ohjrct oli visvet ongle (9). eT mahi wise! angle with nakrd = I tye Put obj eee 2b tm ainty froyy Ei 25 tim 0 it on ot pe Ohad Weal tyes) el of Mitbhoscepe (AL) ee es —M = firmed by final zs ftbraed hy Vobt ere i lies Be D_ [b= 25m) a Mee ee % bai _ &Ave s/naeple — Conver lene (object bl fF £20) pe a= Diverging ray ¢ Pies Veal tual ee: fanBz hs U, = object —divtasce Up (close to tye >"e fovined by afk ect 25 tm iFrom _dtt/nition sof pang hi tl cet Oy For wax. _magnittcablen + final = Ienage _thovld be ~ formed at DD pe ii =D maalerre Fore la a op — Ue ? D — Now, iN Sais) = (OWE te i , U, ? / This ¢ausys train on tyeNia Fram eld te # Uy of objettive : (ignoring sigh) : Ond —D = Mer may ni Lieatton ot - Ve Simple__mitroscops (here eye piece acts oa OS 4 Simple \ microscope ) M: Foy max maghification Pingl ook Lge a WS aU. a mag nificotion— = __ Meili lilac asalslssslacliel \ Wiirelaxed