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English
Quarter 3 – Module 4:
Using appropriate Cohesive
Devices in Composing Various
Types of Speech
English – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 4: Using appropriate Cohesive Devices in Composing Various
Types of Speech
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
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agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education - Region III

Regional Director: May B. Eclar PhD, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director: Rhoda T. Razon EdD, CESO VI

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Kathlene Kaye C. Alvarado

Editors: Emmanuel D. Cervantes, Bernadette L. Lejarde
Reviewers: June D. Cunanan, Carmela Perez EdD
Illustrator: Carlo D. Yambao
Layout Artist: Erwin H. Iruma

Management Team:
Librada M. Rubio PhD
Ma. Editha R. Caparas EdD
Ramil G. Ilustre PhD
Celia R. Lacanlale PhD
Ruby M. Jimenez PhD
June D. Cunanan

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Region III

Office Address: Diosdado Macapagal Government Center, Maimpis,

City of San Fernando (P)
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E-mail Address: region3@deped.gov.ph
 What I Need to Know

This module will assist you in educating the learners about the important function of
cohesive devices in linking words, phrases, and clauses to form unified sentences and
paragraphs using various drills and activities. This skill will also help you compose various
types of speech for a more effective communication.
Please guide the learners in comprehending the different types of cohesive devices by
providing examples which are easy to understand so that learning will be meaningful and fun.
Answers are written at the back of this module. Inculcate to the learners the value of
honesty and love for family and friends.
For the learner
We all need group cohesion or interaction to easily collaborate with our classmates and
to feel the sense of belongingness and fulfillment every time we accomplish activities together.
The way we interact with our classmates helps share our self-esteem and confidence.
We know that teamwork helps us succeed in accomplishing all tasks.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
1. identify cohesive devices; and
2. use appropriate cohesive devices in composing various types of speech.

What I Know
Read each sentence and choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.
1. What is the collective term used for words or phrases that show the relationship between
paragraphs or sections of a text or speech?
A. Modifiers C. Conjunctions
B. Connectors D. Cohesive Devices
2. Which of the following is NOT a function of cohesive devices?
A. to verify the correctness of ideas
B. to show the relationship of sentences
C. to connect or link phrases and clauses
D. to unify the ideas presented in sentences
3. Which is NOT a category of cohesive devices?
A. Additive C. Referential
B. Causal D. Sequential

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4. Which of these transitions indicate addition of ideas?
A. Because C. Then
B. Furthermore D. Thus
5. Which of these does not signal cause/effect and reason/result relationship?
A. Because C. Similarly
B. Consequently D. So that
6. What does it mean when we say that a speech or a text necessarily needs to be coherent
and cohesive?
A. All ideas are given emphasis.
B. All ideas are grammatically correct.
C. All sentences work together to form a unified idea.
D. All ideas in the text or the speech are logically sequenced so that they are easy to follow
and understand.
7. Which cohesive device best fits this statement: our different point of views,
we remain best of friends.
A. Despite C. Therefore
B. Similarly D. Unlike
8. John’s family suffered much from the pandemic , they remained strong and
united.
A. Because C. However
B. Furthermore D. Lastly

For items 9-10

“While we are very happy to see major development in terms of access to basic education, we
finally need to respond to the biggest lingering challenge of basic education in the country:
QUALITY, particularly of our students’ learning outcomes.”
9. What is the purpose of the speaker in the given excerpt?
A. to argue C. to persuade
B. to entertain D. to call to action
10. What cohesive devices are used to establish the relationship of ideas?
A. While-finally C. Finally - quality
B. While – in terms D. In terms – particularly

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 Lesson Using Appropriate Cohesive
Devices in Composing
1 Various Types of Speech
Cohesive devices are single words or phrases that hold and connect different parts of
the text or sentence. It helps create a unified idea within a text. Cohesive devices are like glue
that holds the different part of sentences together.

What’s New

Do you know a famous bridge in your province? Do you know what is its function? A
bridge is a framework the connects one place to another. Like the bridge, Cohesive devices
commonly known as transitional words are connectors or liners which put together words,
clauses, and sentences together to form a unified meaning.

In the illustration above, what does a connector link?

What will be formed when words, phrases, and clause are connected?
What do we call the word, phrases, and clauses that show the connection and relation
between sentences and paragraphs?

after yet while also

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 What Is It
Discussion of Activity 1
Cohesive devices commonly known as Transitional words are words or phrases that
show the relationship between paragraphs or sections of a text or speech.
Transitions are used by the author to help the reader progress from one significant idea
to the next. Also, transitions also show the relationship within a paragraph (or within a
sentence) between the main ideas and the support the author gives for those ideas.
There are many examples of cohesive devices or transitional words, they can be
grouped by category.

Additive Transitions:
These show addition, introduction, similarity to other ideas

also, and, moreover, furthermore, moreover, as well as, too, actually,

1. To indicate Addition
2. To signal Introduction
3. To signal Comparison/
Similarity
4. To indicate Reference
5. To provide Example
in addition to this, besides, alternatively, on the other hand, not to
mention this, additionally, in fact, as a matter of fact, actually, not
only but also
as, such as, particularly, including, for example, for instance, like,
especially, in particular, to illustrate, as an illustration, by way of
example
similarly, in the same way, by the same token, in a like manner,
equally, likewise,
speaking about (this), considering (this), regarding (this), with regard
to (this), as for (this), concerning (this),the fact that, on the subject of
(this)
For example, for instance, similarly, just the same way, to illustrate,
to be specific, such as, moreover, furthermore

Opposing Transitions:
These transitions are used to signal conflict, contradiction concession, dismissal.
But, by way of contrast, while, on the other hand,
Causal Transitions:
however, (and) yet, whereas, though (final position), in contrast, when
1. To signal Contrast
in fact, conversely, still, in spite, ironically, strangely enough
2. To indicate
even more, above all, indeed, more importantly, besides
Emphasis
3. To signal either way, whichever happens, in either event, in any case, at
Removal/Dismissal any rate, in either case, whatever happens, all the same in any event,

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These transitions signal cause/effect and reason/result

or the (simple) reason that, being that, for, in view of

1. To signify
(the fact), in as much as, because (of the fact), seeing that, as, owing to
Cause/Reason
(the fact), due to (the fact that), in that since, forasmuch as,

as a result (of this), consequently, hence, for this reason, thus,

2. To show
because (of this), in consequence, so that, accordingly, as a
Effect/Result
consequence, so much (so) that, so, therefore,
for the purpose of, in the hope that, for fear that, so that,
3. To signal Purpose with this intention, to the end that, in order to, lest with this in mind, in
order that, so as to, so
4. To indicate under those circumstances, then, in that case, if not, that being the
Consequence case, if so, otherwise

Sequential Transitions:
These transitions are used to signal a chronological or logical sequence.

in the (first, second, etc.) place, initially, to start with, first of

1. To order
all, thirdly, as soon as, hence, in the end, to begin with, at first, for a
Sequence/Order
start, secondly, gradually
Next, Finally, afterwards, later, lastly, now, then, subsequently,
2. To indicate Time
meanwhile, in the meantime, on the following day
as was previously stated, so, consequently, in summary,
all in all, thus, as I have said, to sum up, overall, as has been
mentioned, then, to summarize, to be brief, briefly,
3. To Summarize
given these points in all, on the whole, therefore, as has been noted, in
conclusion, in a word, to put it briefly, in sum, altogether, in
short,

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 What’s More

Independent Activity 1
Complete the crossword puzzle using the given clues inside the box. Some letters are provided
to help you identify the missing ideas. Do this in your answer sheet.

ACROSS DOWN
3. in, at, or to this place 1. backside of something
4. without any question 2. because of a preceding fact
8. at the beginning 5. not far
11. after something 6. before all others in order
12. for a short time or using few words 7. between then and now
13. in or to a higher position 9. after the time you have mentioned
14. at a lower level 10. to show what the result will be if you do
not follow the suggestions.
11. almost, or not complete

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Independent Assessment 1
Check if the sentences use correct cohesive devices. If correct, draw a happy face ( ), if not
draw a sad face ( ). Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. Queen can speak English fluently as well as French.
2. Rachel enjoyed the movie. Lastly, she still preferred the version in the book.
3. My mother is preparing our lunch. Meanwhile, my father is cleaning our car.
4. As soon as I finish my homework, I will watch my favorite Kdrama.
5. The richest man in town has a lot of money. Although, he does not feel happy.
6. Above all, discipline will help us survive this pandemic.
7. First, you have to choose a topic that interest you most.
8. In conclusion, following the prescribed health and safety protocol will flatten
the curve.
9. The hotel where our family stayed is above to a famous shopping mall.
10. Tracy needs to clean her room. Otherwise, she cannot go out with her friends.

Independent Activity 2
Combine the following pairs of sentences to form a sentence. Use appropriate cohesive device
inside the box. Do this in your answer sheet.

In addition Unless Although Likewise

Therefore While Furthermore As a result
On the other hand Before In the end When

1. The children washed their hands. They finished baking.

2. Keena reads her favorite book. She waits for her friend to arrive.
3. Jenny listened to her favorite song. She went to bed.
4. Alfred forgot to bring his umbrella. He was soaked in the rain.
5. Arnette enjoys singing. She does not like dancing.
6. Filipinos must observe health protocols. They need to practice self-discipline.
7. Joey spent too much time watching television. He forgot to accomplish his modules.
8. Kazy loves to write poems. She also composes songs.
9. Sally failed the exam. He studied very hard.
10. Rose worked hard. She finished her studies.

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 Independent Assessment 2
Read each sentence carefully and choose the correct cohesive device in the parenthesis. Write
the correct answer in your answer sheet.
1. Luisa had been studying for hours. , she got all the correct answers in the
quiz. (As a result, On the other hand, Above all)
2. The idea of Alvin was innovative and exceptional the other suggestion
provided. (therefore, unlike, however)
3. Diet and exercise will help you lose weight. , it is good for your health.
(Therefore, For instance, Nonetheless)
4. Mark was sad his team lost the dance competition.
(meanwhile, because, however)
5. My sister has a lot of hobbies painting, dancing, singing, and writing.
(in addition, such as, to sum up)
6. I visited the library to borrow some books needed in my research. , I went
to the canteen to buy some snacks. (Afterwards, Although, As well as)
7. Our teacher is presenting the lesson. , our classmates are listening attentively.
(Meanwhile, Otherwise, However)
8. Most of the guest in the party were dressed. (otherwise, similarly, finally)
9. My brother was feeling very tired. , he still went to work early.
(However, In short, Before)
10. Karen enjoys playing the piano. , she composes her own songs.
(To sum up, In addition, In contrast)

Independent Activity 3
Read the following excerpts of informative speeches. Then, using the table below, list
down all the cohesive devices used and classify according to their function. Do this in your
answer sheet.
Speech Excerpt 1: Benefits of Failure
What I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure.
...Ultimately, we all have to decide for ourselves what constitutes failure, but the world
is quite eager to give you a set of criteria if you let it.
It is impossible to live without failing at something, unless you live so cautiously that
you might as well not have lived at all – in which case, you fail by default. So why do I talk
about the benefits of failure? Simply because failure meant a stripping away of the inessential.
I stopped pretending to myself that I was anything other than what I was and began to direct
all my energy into finishing the only work that mattered to me. Had I really succeeded at
anything else, I might never have found the determination to succeed in the one arena I believed
I truly belonged. I was set free, because my greatest fear had been realized.
https://www.thendobetter.com/arts/2017/8/19/benefits-of-failure

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 Speech Excerpt 2: Never Give Up by Nick Vujicic
There are some things in life that are of your control, that you can’t change, and you’ve
got to live with. The choice that we have though is either to give up, or keep on going.
So, what do you do when you fall down? Get back up. Everybody knows to get back
up, because if I start walking, I’m going to get anyway. But I’ll tell you there are sometimes in
life where you fall down, and you feel like you don’t have the strength to get back up.

So, you sort of put a mask on your face when you come to school and pretend that
everything’s OK when it’s not. And you go home and lay in your bed when no one’s looking
at you, when you don’t have to impress anybody. And you are yourself.

singjupost.com/never-give-up-by-nick-vujicic-full-transcript/?singlepage=1

Speech Excerpt No. Cohesive devices used Category

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‘’’ What I Have Learned
Complete the following statements by choosing the correct cohesive device inside the box that
would supply the correct idea. Write the correct answer in your answer sheet.

Transitional Cohesive Devices Sequential Relationship Addition

Main Idea Coherent Causal Additive Effect/Result

(1) commonly known as (2) words are words or phrases

that show the (3) between paragraphs or sections of a text or speech.
Transitions are used to help the reader progress from one significant idea to the next.
They also show the relationship within a sentence or paragraph between the (4)
and the support the author gives for those ideas.
Cohesive devices can be grouped by category namely: (5) Transitions,
which show addition, introduction, similarity to other ideas; Opposing transitions which are
used to signal conflict, contradiction concession, dismissal; (6) transitions which
signal cause/effect and reason/result
; (7) transitions, which are used to signal a chronological or logical sequence; and
Adverbial transitions which are used to signal place and space.
Each category uses various kinds of cohesive devices which enable the writer or speaker
to communicate more effectively and chronologically his or her ideas. Transitions like also,
and, moreover, furthermore, moreover, as well as, and in addition to this, are used to indicate
(8) . Meanwhile, as a result, consequently, hence, for this reason, thus, and
because indicate (9)
A speech or a text necessarily needs to be (10) and cohesive. That is all
the ideas of the text or the speech are logically sequenced so that they are easy to follow
and understand.

Assessment
Read each sentence and choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.

1. Which is NOT a function of cohesive devices?

A. to verify the correctness of ideas
B. to show relationship of sentences
C. to connect or link phrases and clauses
D. to unify the ideas presented in sentences

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2. To what category do these cohesive devices belong: similarly, in the same way, in a like
manner, equally, and likewise?
A. Addition C. example
B. comparison D. contrast
3. Which transition best fits this statement?
Many students declared that the test was easy many of them got a failing score.
A. after C. then
B. because D. yet
4. You will not succeed you work hard for it.
A. but C. meanwhile
B. consequently D. unless

For items 5-7

Read the excerpts that follow then answer the given questions.
The real test came our senior year with the current pandemic. Although society has
developed a higher level of understanding, comprehension and acceptance in years prior, self-
victimization has become a common occurrence and is a major impediment in achieving our
goals. We expect others to find the solutions to our problems and to provide excessive help,
since we truly are powerless in stopping the external factors that impact us constantly, whether
it'd be natural disasters, terrorism or disease.
Yet, what many people don't realize is that the impact these unfortunate events have on
our lives can be nullified by the effort we place in improving our condition.
Now, as we step into adulthood and start to reach our goals, there will be harder
challenges to overcome. But our willpower has been proven irrevocable. Never forget
classmates, that as long as you use your unrelenting well, you're an unstoppable force.
https://www.npr.org/2020/06/10/872039264/reflections-on-a-lost-senior-year-with-hope-for-the-future

5. What type of speech is the excerpt above?

A. valedictory speech C. product endorsement
B. entertaining speech D. political campaign speech
6. What is the main topic in the excerpt?
A. Impact of the pandemic C. Pursuing college education
B. Rising above challenges D. Finding solutions to problems
7. Which of these is NOT a cohesive device used in the excerpt?
A. although C. whether
B. never D. yet

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For items 8-10
Indeed, there is also a challenge for us to improve our facilities and equipment. We at
DepEd are trying to distribute computers as fast as possible. In Taguig, which is my favorite
example, the local government helps DepEd ensure that each of their students has a computer.
Also, some of their classrooms are also already equipped with smart blackboards.
Beyond physical facilities, we must also ensure that our schools are safe spaces for
learning. We must be able to give our learners a learning environment where they are able to
share their thoughts, views and experiences without fear of judgment, and where we are able
to empower them to make informed and responsible decisions.
Thus, the second pillar of Sulong Edukalidad will be to sustain the improvements in
our learning environment, in terms of physical facilities, learning resources, and safe and
nurturing schools.
https://www.deped.gov.ph/2019/12/04/sulong-edukalidad/

8. What type of speech is the excerpt above?

A. Debate speech C. Entertaining speech
B. Informative speech D. Motivational speech
9. What cohesive devices were used?
A. Indeed, also, thus C. Example, second, without
B. Some, beyond, already D. As fast as, that, in terms of
10. Which cohesive device can be used to connect the following ideas:
Indeed, there is also a challenge for us to improve our facilities and equipment
we at DepEd are trying to distribute computers as fast as possible?
A. because C. so
B. for instance D. then

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What I Know Independent Ass essment 1 Independent Activity 3
1. D 6. D 1. Happy 6. Happy
2. A 7. A 2. Sad 7. Happy Speech Excerpt 1:
3. C 8. C 3. Happy 8. Happy Cohesive Devices: But,
4. D 9. D 4. Happy 9. Sad Ultimately, Unless, In which
5. C 10. A 5. Sad 10. Happy case, so, because, and
What’s In Category:
1. C Independent Activity 2
2. B 1. When Answers may vary
3. D 2. While
4. B 3. Before Speech Excerpt 2:
5. D 4. Therefore Cohesive Devices: Either or,
5. On the other hand so, and, because
What's More 6. Furthermore
Independent Activity 1 7. As a result Category:
Across 8. In addition Answers may vary
3. Here 9. Although
10. In the end Independent Assessment 3
4. Indeed
Contrast
8. Initially
• But
11. Next
Independent Assessment 2 Addition
12. Briefly • In addition
1. As a result
13. Above • Also
2. Unlike
14. Below • And
3. Therefore
Down 4. Because Effects/Results
1. Behind 9. Later 5. Such As • So
2. Hence 10. Otherwise • Therefore
6. Afterwards
5. Nearby 11. Nearly • Because
7. Meanwhile
Time
6. First 8. Similarly
• Until
7. Since 9. However
• Finally
10. In Addition • Before

What I have learned What I Can Do Assessment

1. A
1. Cohesive devices Answers may vary.
2. transitional 2. C
3. relationship 3. D
4. main idea 4. D
5. additive 5. A
6. causal 6. B
7. sequential 7. B
8. addition 8. C
9. effect/result 9. A
10. coherent 10. C