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Pre-Feasibility Study
 Bestsellers

 Books

GARMENTS STITCHING UNIT

 Audiobooks

(Work Wear)
 Magazines

 Podcasts

 Sheet Music

 Snapshots

 Documents

Small and Medium Enterprise Development Authority

Government
Government of Pakistan
www.smeda.org.pk

HEAD OFFICE REGIONAL OFFICE REGIONAL OFFICE REGIONAL OFFICE

SINDH NWFP BALOCHISTAN
6th Floor ,LDA Palaza, 5TH Floor, Bahria Ground Floor  Bungalow No. 15-A
Egerton Road , Complex II, M.T. Khan Road, State Life Building Chaman Housing Scheme
Lahore Karachi. The Mall, Peshawar. Airport Road, Quetta.
Tel: (042) 111-111-456 Tel: (021) 111-111-456 Tel: (091) 9213046-47 Tel: (081) 831623, 831702
Fax(042)6304926-7 Fax: (021) 5610572 Fax: (091) 286908 Fax: (081) 831922
helpdesk@smeda.org.pk  helpdesk-khi@smeda.org.pk  helpdesk-pew@smeda.org.pk  helpdesk-qta@smeda.org.pk 

May 2006
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DISCLAIMER
 Bestsellers
The purpose and scope of this information memorandum is to introduce the subject
 Books
matter and provide a general idea and information on the said area. All the material
included in this document is based on data/information gathered from various
 Audiobooks
sources and is based on certain assumptions. Although, due care and diligence has
 Magazines
 been taken to compile this document, the contained information may vary due to an y
change in any of the concerned factors, and the actual results may differ substantially
 Podcasts
from the presented information. SMEDA does not assume any liability for any
 Sheet Music financial or other loss resulting from this memorandum in consequence of
undertaking this activity. Therefore, the content of this memorandum should not be
 Snapshots
relied upon for making any decision, investment or otherwise. The prospective user

 Documents of this memorandum is encouraged to carry out his/her own due diligence and gather
any information he/she considers necessary for making an informed decision.
The content of the information memorandum does not bind SMEDA in any legal or
other form.

DOCUMENT CONTROL
Document No. PREF-02
Revision 2
Prepared by SMEDA-Punjab
Approved by SMEDA -Punjab
Issue Date May 2006
Issued by SMEDA-Punjab

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1 INTRODUCTION
 Saved

1.1
 Bestsellers
 
 Books
 Audiobooks
 Magazines
 Podcasts
Work W
Wear
Work wear is a category of textile garments that includes the garments specifically to
be worn in the industrial working environment. In the international market, the term
work wear includes a broad range of categories like industrial clothing, medical
clothing, uniforms, as well as special clothing like safety clothing, protective
clothing, etc. While in the domestic market, the categories of the work wear are
known by the names like Boiler suits, bibs and braces, American overalls, dust coats,
two piece working suits (jackets and trousers), work shirts, women’s overalls,
aprons, doctor’s coat and nurse’s coat. It also includes uniforms for hotels & catering
establishments and garments for health care like several kinds of dresses, aprons,
hospital uniforms and operation theatre clothing.

1.2 Opportunity R
Rationale
 Sheet Music
The business of industrial clothing has great potential in the export as well as in the
local market. The sub sector of industrial clothing/professional clothing/work wear is
 Snapshots an attractive investment opportunity as the imports of professional clothing have
 been strongly increasing during the recent years. Total world import of work wear in
2004 stood at US $ 4.56 billion. Annual growth in world imports on YoY basis was
 Documents
8.63% and wrt 2000 19.22%. These figures show a vibrant opportunity in
international market.
Following are some of the factors on the basis of which this project becomes an
attractive investment opportunity.
 Decrease in domestic production of European countries.
 An increased awareness of safety on the work floor, simulated by the
governments. Work wear/safety clothing is strongly recommended under this
theme.
 Diversification towards high tech industries.
 Removal of quotas on textiles.

1.3 Pro ject B
Brief 

Most of the production of the subject project will be for export purpose and hence
contribute in the earning of foreign exchange for the country. There is a vast range of
work wear products as mentioned above. However, this project is based on the
 production of standard  Basic Overall. Initially, for some time period this unit might
 be operating on CMT (Cut, Manufacture & Trim (commercial) basis), but ultimately
this would be an export-oriented unit. Therefore, all the calculations and financial
workings have been done while treating this as an export based project.

1.4 Proposed  C
Capacity
400 Garments / Day (29 Stitching Machines)

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1.5 Total P
Pro ject C
Cost
Rs. 8.16 Million
 Saved

1.6 Process f 
f low
Finished  Washing

Inspection Cutting Stitching Trimming
Bestsellers Fabric Receipt (Optional)

 Books Final
Inspection
Pressing Packing

 Audiobooks
2 CURRENT IINDUSTRY S
STRUCTURE
 Magazines According to the figures of Pakistan Readymade Garments Manufacturers &
Exporters Association (PRGMEA), the existing suppliers/manufacturers of work
 Podcasts wear in the country are very less in number. There are about 90-100 establishments
all over the country who are exclusively involved in the manufacturing and
exporting of work wear. Out of these manufacturers/exporters, about 35% are based
 Sheet Music
in Lahore, 50% in Karachi and 10% in Sialkot. Some other areas like Gujranwala,
Kasur and Faisalabad also have some work wear stitching units. The share of
 Snapshots Pakistan in total world exports (2004) was 1.13% which translated into US $ 49.60
million.
 Documents
In spite of having a very strong textile base and huge market, work wear segment
could not be developed effectively by our apparel industry during the past years.
This is because that the concept of the work wear is relatively new in the
international as well as in the local markets as compared to the traditional woven and
knit-based garments. There is also a lack of awareness about this sub-sector of
clothing in our country.

3 MARKETING
In view of the fact that main raw material and skilled manpower is available in
Pakistan, scope for work wear exports from Pakistan is unlimited. However,
marketing is a very vital aspect of the garment industry. Export orders can be
generated either through local or foreign buying houses that have their presence in
the country and source export orders for foreign customers from local industry. The
other way to get export orders is through direct marketing in the international
markets while initiating contacts with the potential customers directly and/or through
 participation in international trade fairs, exhibitions etc. In the absence of export
orders, other factories that have excess export orders can also provide sub-contract
work on CMT (cut, manufacture and trim) basis.

3.1 Market S
Size a
and  G
Growth
In year 2004, USA was the largest importer (US $ 903 million) followed by Japan
(US $ 632 million) and France (US $ 415 million). The potential consumers of work
wear products are industrial workers in foreign and domestic markets, who are
engaged in large scale and medium scale industries. The potential industries for work
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wear are heavy process industry, light industry, hotel sector, retail sector and public
utilities. In most of industries, one person uses about three sets of industrial clothing
 Saved  per year. So one can easily estimate the use of work wear by potential consumers.

Ta bl
 ble: 3-1 Ma jo
 jor W
r Wor ld I  por ter s 2004 (US$ millio n)
d Im po
 Bestsellers
Sr# Importer 2004 Share
1 USA 903 19.82%
 Books
2 JAPAN 632 13.85%
3 FRANCE 415 9.10%
 Audiobooks
4 GERMANY 368 8.06%
5 UK 334 7.32%
 Magazines
6 ITALY 261 5.72%
7 BELGIUM 210 4.61%
 Podcasts
8 SPAIN 187 4.10%
9 HONG KONG 186 4.09%
 Sheet Music
10 NETHERLANDS 120 2.64%

 Snapshots
3.2 Competition  iin tthe T
Target M
Market
 Documents Total international exports of work wear during 2004 stood at US$ 4.40 billion.
China dominated the international import market with US$ 1.50 billion exports in
2004, followed by France US$ 377 million and Hong Kong US $329 million.

Following table lists the exports of major competitors in the international market.
Table: 3-2 Major World Exporters 2004 (US$ million)
Sr# Exporter 2004 Share
1 CHINA 1,500 34.20%
2 FRANCE 377 8.61%
3 HONG KONG 329 7.52%
4 BELGIUM 253 5.78%
5 TUNISIA 179 4.09%
6 ITALY 172 3.93%
7 MEXICO 145 3.30%
8 GERMANY 127 2.89%
9 MOROCCO 124 2.83%
10 USA 98 2.25%

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 Saved 3.3 position  iin IInternational M

Pakistan’s p Market

Pakistan’s exports during 2004 were US$ 49. 6 million. On a YoY basis there was a
 Bestsellers
growth rate of 4.75%. Pakistan’s main partners were, USA (US $ 15.96 million), UK
(US$ 6.19 million), Germany (US$ 4.19) and UAE (US$ 4.35 million). Pakistan’s
 Books share in international export market is only 1.13%. This shows that Pakistan has a lot
of potential in international market. The product mix shows that 88% of work wear
are made of cotton and 12% of man made fabric, as against the world average of
 Audiobooks
32% and 68% respectively. These statistics also point towards an enormous
opportunity for Pakistani exporters in work wear made of man made fabric.
 Magazines

Table 3.3 Pakistan’s Major Partners (US$ million)

 Podcasts

Sr# Partner 2004

 Sheet Music 1 USA 15.97
2 UK 6.19
 Snapshots 3 GERMANY 4.19
4 UAE 4.35
 Documents
5 FRANCE 2.85
6 ITALY 3.00
7 SAUDI ARABIA 2.35
8 SPAIN 1.26
9 NETHERLANDS 1.55
10 BELGIUM 1.02

3.4 Guidelines f 
f or G
Garments E
Export B
Business
In order to enter in the export business of garments, following basic guidelines can
 provide help to any new comer in this business:

a.) Ensure best quality at all costs. This is a basic key for a successful exporter in the
garment exports.
b.) Commitments with buyers regarding quality, price and shipment are the basic
essentials to enter and grow in the export business. Pakistan has lost much
 business and goodwill due to this factor alone. Therefore, for any newcomer,
commitments matter a lot.
c.) Sourcing of export orders through apparel buying houses based in Pakistan can
 be a good start on marketing front. The prices offered by these buying houses
might be lower than those of direct orders, but at least they can be good entry
 point and learning experience for new exporters.

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12.4 Key  A
Assumptions
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Ta ble 12 — 1 Machiner y Assum pt

 ptions
 Number of Machines Installed 29
 Bestsellers Maximum Capacity Utilization 100%
First year Capacity (Capacity Increasing by 5% Yearly) 40%

 Books Defective garment

Total Production of the unit per month(1st Year)
5%
4,000
Total Production of the unit per year(1st Year) 45,600
 Audiobooks
Defected garments per year(1st Year) 2,400

 Magazines Ta bl
 ble 12 — 2 O pe
 per ating Assum pt
 pt ions
Hours operational per day 8
 Podcasts Days operational per month 25
Days operational per year 300

 Sheet Music
 ble 12 — 3 Economy-R elated Assum pt ions
Ta bl
Electricity growth rate 10%
 Snapshots
Wage growth rate 10%

 Documents  ble 12 — 4 Cash Flow Assum pt ions

Ta bl
Accounts Receivable cycle (in days) 45
Accounts payable cycle (in days) 15
Raw material inventory (in day) 10
Equipment and spare part inventory (in days) 7

Ta ble 12 — 5 R evenue Assum pt ions

Production capacity of the unit (100%) 400
Sale price per unit in year 1 (in Rs.) 570
Sale price growth rate 3%
Sales price per defected garment (in Rs) 100
Maximum capacity utilization 100%
Export sales 100%

Ta bl
 ble 12 — 6 R aw Mater ial Cost/Gar ment Assum pt
 ptio ns
Raw Material Rate (Rs) Consumption Total
Fabric (meters) 110 3.25 357.5
Thread (per meter) 0.02 250 5.0
Buttons & Accessories/garment 15 1 15
Elastic/garment 1 5 5.0
Packing Cost/garment 6 1 6
Stitching Charges/garment 40 1 40.0
Cutting /Pressing 7 1 7
Total Cost/garment(Rs) 435.5

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Ta bl  pense Assum ptions

 ble 12 — 7 Ex pe
 Saved Administrative overhead (% of Sales) 0.75%
Office expenses (stationery, entertainment etc) 1% of admin expense
Machine maintenance (per month) Rs 1200 per machine
 Bestsellers Machine maintenance growth rate 7%
Pre-paid insurance (months) 12
Insurance rate (% of net fixed assets) 5%
 Books
Spare part inventory growth rate 10%
Raw material price growth rate 7%
 Audiobooks Textile quota (Rs per garment) 0
Land/truck freight cost (Rs per garment) 2
Forwarding & Clearing cost (Rs per garment) 3
 Magazines

Ta ble 12 — 8 Financial Assum pt

 pt ions
 Podcasts
Project life 10
Debt 50%
 Sheet Music Equity 50%
Interest rate on long-term debt 14%

 Snapshots Interest rate on short term debt

Debt tenure
14%
5
Debt payments per year 1
 Documents Discount rate (weighted Avg. cost of capital for NPV) 17%

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