Center for Continuing Education - UPES

Aviation Forecasting Techniques

Assignment 2

Total Questions: 56
Total Marks: 100

Assignment Information :

The examination will consist of only Objective type (multiple choice) questions
requiring candidates to Mouse-click their correct choice of alternatives against
the related question number. The questions would carry 1 to 5 marks each
depending on the difficulty level of the question as indicated in the table below:

Difficulty Level of Questions:

1 Mark - Direct, Memory based

2 Marks - Memory & Conceptual
3 Marks - Conceptual & Analytical
4 Marks - Analytical based on understanding of concepts
5 Marks - Application based on understanding of concepts
• The question paper will be for 100 marks and considering marks
allotted to each question, the total number of questions would be
around 56.
• There will not be negative marking for wrong answers.
• In case candidate does not want to attempt the question he I she
should not mouse-click any option.
• The students are allowed to save the responses and come back later
to resume, complete and "Save and Submit" the assignment.
However, if the Due Date has expired, then the assignment will not be
accessible and will be marked as zero. In such cases, the student can
re-attempt the assignment allocated after enrolling in the subsequent
Semester.
• Once submitted, that answer sheet cannot be retreieved for any
editing. The student has to initiate a new attempt (if allowed), if he has
submitted the assignment by mistake.
• The students are normally allowed 3 chances to attempt and submit
the assignment. The number of attempts availed is displayed under the
"Test Information".
• The Highest Grade of the 3 attempts shall be considered for grading.
• The assignments are auto evaluated, and hence no chance of re-
evaluation/re-totalling is allowed to the student.
Multiple Attempts This Test allows 3
attempts. This is
attempt number 1.
Force Completion This Test can be
saved and resumed
later.
Your answers are
saved automatically.
Question Completion Status:
QUESTION 1
 1. Smoothing parameter close to one gives more weight or influence to recent observations over
the forecast.

True

False

1 points
QUESTION 2
1. The pacf (partial autocorrelation function) is necessary for distinguishing between ______
?
An AR and MA model is_solution: False
An AR and an ARMA is_solution: True
An MA and an ARMA is_solution: False
Different models from within the ARMA family

1 points
QUESTION 3
1. Autocovariance function for weakly stationary time series does not depend on _______ ?

True

False

1 points
QUESTION 4
1. Consider the following AR(1) model with the disturbances having zero mean and unit
variance.yt= 0.4 + 0.2yt-1+utThe (unconditional) variance of y will be given by ?
1.5
1.04
0.5
2

1 points
QUESTION 5
1. Deceleration errors in the magnetic compass would be most pronounced on headings of
north and south.
east and north.
east and west.
west and south.

1 points
QUESTION 6
1. Which of the following is true for white noise?
Mean = 0
Zero auto covariances
Zero auto covariances except at lag zero
Quadratic Variance
 1 points
QUESTION 7
1. Francis Galton is known for introducing
Literature of ecology
Literature of econometrics
Methods of econometrics
None of these

1 points
QUESTION 8
1. Sum of weights in exponential smoothing is _____.
<1
1
>1
None of the above

1 points
QUESTION 9
1. Operations generated forecasts often not to do with
Inventory Requirements
Resource Needs
Time requirements
Sales

1 points
QUESTION 10
1. The use of carburettor heat will
increase manifold pressure and enrich the mixture.
increase manifold pressure and lean out the mixture.
decrease manifold pressure and enrich the mixture.
decrease manifold pressure and lean out the mixture.

1 points
QUESTION 11
1. The effects of one drink of alcohol at sea level will increase with an increase in _______.
altitude
pressure
temperature
turbulence

1 points
QUESTION 12
1. Two time series are jointly stationary if _____ ?
They are each stationary
 Cross variance function is a function only of lag h
Only A
Both A and B

1 points
QUESTION 13
1. While direction of forecast matter a lot in case of forecasting aeronautical revenues, _____
matter a lot while forecasting for non-aeronautical revenues.
magnitude
altitude
height
value

1 points
QUESTION 14
1. _______ of any company have insiders information which are not available for others. So
his opinion will play important role in future prediction.
Employees
Employers
Investors
none of these

1 points
QUESTION 15
1. Autocovariance function for weakly stationary time series does not depend on _______
Separation of xs and xt
h = |s-t|
Location of point at a particular time
None of these

1 points
QUESTION 16
1. Adjacent observations in time series data (excluding white noise) are independent and
identically distributed (IID).

True

False

1 points
QUESTION 17
1. The ___________ of forecasting is purely depending upon the quality of data and
sophisticated statistical models.
Average
Action
Accuracy
 None of these

1 points
QUESTION 18
1. What is the abbrevation for ADF?
Automatic Direction Finding
Automatic Direction Figure
Automatic Direction Forecast
None of these

1 points
QUESTION 19
1. After estimating the econometric model, the statistical relationship between _________
and its determinants are obtained.
passenger air traffic
passenger air transport
passenger average traffic
None of these

1 points
QUESTION 20
1. Ground effect will enable an aeroplane to become airborne below normal flying speed
primarily due to
a decreased lift/drag ratio.
a decrease in induced drag.
an increase in downwash.
an increase in downwash.

1 points
QUESTION 21
1. Trend projection is an example of which kind of forecasting?
Qualitative
Time series
Barometric
Econometric

1 points
QUESTION 22
1. The numerical values of β1 (which is _______)give quantitative relationship between C and
Y.
4803
48.03
4.803
0.4803
 1 points
QUESTION 23
1. To estimate the _______of passenger air traffic explanatory variables like GDP, IIP, FDI etc.
average value
mean value
statistical value
per capita value

1 points
QUESTION 24
1. Keynes consumption function is a stable and linear function of income where, β1
measures the marginal propensity to consume of air services when income _______.
increases
decreases
constant
none of these

1 points
QUESTION 25
1. Who first introduce the term regression in the literature of econometrics ?
Francis Galton
Francis Carlos
Francis Gauss
None of these

1 points
QUESTION 26
1. Which of the following graph can be used to detect seasonality in time series data?1.
Multiple box2. Autocorrelation
Only 1
Only 2
1 and 2
None of these

1 points
QUESTION 27
1. Under which conditions would the most serious carburettor icing be expected? Outside
air temperature range of _______ and _______ humidity.
-5°C to 15°C, high
5°C to 27°C, low
-21°C to 0°C, low
-21°C to 0°C, high

1 points
QUESTION 28
1. Which of the following is not a qualitative forecasting technique?
Surveys of consumer expenditure plans
Perspectives of foreign advisory councils
Consumer intention polling
Time-series analysis

1 points
QUESTION 29
1. Stationarity is a desirable property for a time series process.

True

False

1 points
QUESTION 30
1. Sum of weights in exponential smoothing is _____.
<1
1
>1
None of these

1 points
QUESTION 31
1. Consider the following set of data: {23.32 32.33 32.88 28.98 33.16 26.33 29.88 32.69
18.98 21.23 26.66 29.89}What is the lag-one sample autocorrelation of the time series?
0.26
0.52
0.13
0.07

1 points
QUESTION 32
1. The last period’s forecast was 70 and demand was 60. What is the simple exponential
smoothing forecast with alpha of 0.4 for the next period.
63.8
65
62
66

1 points
QUESTION 33
1. What does an art do for forecasting ?
direction of forecasting
depend on sophisticated statistical models
 selection among alternative models for accuracy
None of these

5 points
QUESTION 34
1. Which of the following is not a necessary condition for weakly stationary time series?
Mean is constant and does not depend on time
Autocovariance function depends on s and t only through their difference |s-t|
(where t and s are moments in time)
The time series under considerations is a finite variance process
Time series is Gaussian

5 points
QUESTION 35
1. Which of the following statement is correct?
1. If autoregressive parameter (p) in an ARIMA model is 1, it means that there is no
auto-correlation in the series.
2. If moving average component (q) in an ARIMA model is 1, it means that there is auto-
correlation in the series with lag 1.
3. If integrated component (d) in an ARIMA model is 0, it means that the series is not
stationary.
Only 1
Both 1 and 2
Only 2
All of these

5 points
QUESTION 36
1. Which of the following is an example of time series problem?
1. Estimating number of hotel rooms booking in next 6 months.
2. Estimating the total sales in next 3 years of an insurance company.
3. Estimating the number of calls for the next one week.
Only 3
1 and 2
2 and 3
1, 2 and 3

5 points
QUESTION 37
1. The last period’s forecast was 70 and demand was 60. What is the simple exponential
smoothing forecast with alpha of 0.4 for the next period.
63.8
65
62
66
 4 points
QUESTION 38
1. In a time-series forecasting problem, if the seasonal indices for quarters 1, 2, and 3 are
0.80, 0.90, and 0.95 respectively. What can you say about the seasonal index of quarter
4?
It will be less than 1
It will be greater than 1
Seasonality does not exist
Data is insufficient

4 points
QUESTION 39
1. Using regression analysis for forecasting, a high value for R2 suggests that we can:
Be reasonably confident in our forecast
Have little confidence in our forecast
Have no confidence in our forecast
Be totally confident in our forecast

4 points
QUESTION 40
1. Which of the following is not an example of a time series model?
Naïve Approach
Exponential Smoothing
Moving Average
None of these

4 points
QUESTION 41
1. As per gauss markov theorem, OLS estimator is linear i.e. it will varies linearly with the
dependent variable in the _________
multicollinearity
regression model
functional form
model specification

2 points
QUESTION 42
1. Ground effect will enable an aeroplane to become airborne below normal flying speed
primarily due to a _______ in induced drag.
increase
decrease
equal
constant
 2 points
QUESTION 43
1. The ______ variable in the population should remain fixed in spite of repeated sampling
from the same population.
dependent
independent
average
simple

2 points
QUESTION 44
1. Which theory states that when income increases consumption also increases
Regression Theory
Statitics Theory
Model Theory
Economic Theory

2 points
QUESTION 45
1. Ways to observe endogeneity in applied econometrics are
Omitted variables
Measurement error
Simultaneity
All of these

2 points
QUESTION 46
1. If an aeroplane stalls while descending in a co-ordinated left turn, it may enter
an incipient right spin.
an incipient left spin.
a steep right spiral.
a shallow left spiral.

2 points
QUESTION 47
1. The indicated stalling speed of an aeroplane
is higher when flying downwind than upwind
increases with altitude.
decreases with altitude.
does not change with change of altitude.

2 points
QUESTION 48
 1. It is possible for carburettor icing to occur in clear air with ______ relative humidity at
above freezing temperatures.
high
low
constant
average

2 points
QUESTION 49
1. Mean value of the random error term is _________
one
two
ten
zero

2 points
QUESTION 50
1. Cit=f(Yit), In this formula, what is 'i' ?
denotes country
denotes capita per GDP
denotes time period
None of these

2 points
QUESTION 51
1. Select the best option.
What is the full form of RGDP?
Real Gross Domestic Product
Rare Gross Domestic Product
Rare Gross Dynamic product
Real Gross Dynamic Product

2 points
QUESTION 52
1. Is there error involved in forecasting?
yes
no
may be
None of these

2 points
QUESTION 53
1. Cit=f(Yit), In this formula, what is 't'?
Time Period
 Taxes
Expenditure
Incomes

2 points
QUESTION 54
1. The BLUE property of OLS estimator hold true when it is best ______ and have minimum
variance among the class of unbiased estimator.
linear
variable
unlinear
simple

2 points
QUESTION 55
1. When in VFR flight within the altimeter setting region, the altimeter should be set to
the current altimeter setting of the nearest station along the route of flight.
29.92 in. Hg. or 1013.2 mb.
the station pressure of the nearest weather reporting station
the standard altimeter setting

2 points
QUESTION 56
1. Which one of the following is the reasearch of Francis Galton?
Family in Stature
Family Like in Stature
Family Likeness in Stature
Function Likeness in Stature

Q U E ST I O N 1
1. When we use an approach which implies that the forecast for the next time period
should take into account the observed error in the earlier forecast for the current time
period, then we are using:
Regression analysis
Exponential Smoothing
Decision Tree Analysis
Time Series Analysis

4 points
Q U E ST I O N 2
1. Using regression analysis for forecasting, a high value for R2 suggests that we can:
Be reasonably confident in our forecast
 Have little confidence in our forecast
Have no confidence in our forecast
Be totally confident in our forecast

4 points
Q U E ST I O N 3
1. Find 95% prediction intervals for the predictions of temperature in 1999. These results
summarize the fit of a simple exponential smooth to the time series.
0.3297 2 * 0.1125
0.3297 2 * 0.121
0.3297 2 * 0.129
0.3297 2 * 0.22

4 points
Q U E ST I O N 4
1. Which of the following circumstances is likely to make a forecast using (multiple)
regression analysis less reliable?
All the points lie exactly along the regression line in the scatter diagram
No important variables are missing from the regression equation
Some important variables are missing from the regression equation
All the relevant variables are included in the regression equation

4 points
Q U E ST I O N 5
1. The last period’s forecast was 70 and demand was 60. What is the simple exponential
smoothing forecast with alpha of 0.4 for the next period.
63.8
65
62
66

4 points
Q U E ST I O N 6
1. Which of the following can’t be a component for a time series plot?
Seasonality
Trend
Cyclical
None of the above

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 7
1. What is the abbrevation for ADF?
 Automatic Direction Finding
Automatic Direction Figure
Automatic Direction Forecast
None of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 8
1. Operations generated forecasts often not to do with
Inventory Requirements
Resource Needs
Time requirements
Sales

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 9
1. While direction of forecast matter a lot in case of forecasting aeronautical revenues, _____
matter a lot while forecasting for non-aeronautical revenues.
magnitude
altitude
height
value

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 10
1. _________ in the magnetic compass would be most pronounced on headings of east and
west.
Acceleration errors
Acceleration accuracy
Deceleration errors
Deceleration accuracy

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 11
1. When turning from downwind to into-wind at low altitude, a pilot may experience an
illusion of
slipping and decreasing airspeed.
skidding and decreasing airspeed.
slipping and increasing airspeed.
skidding and increasing airspeed.

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 12
1. It is possible for carburettor icing to occur
 in clear air with high relative humidity at above freezing temperatures.
only when precipitation is present at freezing temperatures.
only in cloud with high relative humidity.
only when water droplets are in suspension in the air.

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 13
1. Keynes consumption states that MPC is always less than ________
1
-2
0
-1

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 14
1. Which of the following is not a technique used in smoothing time series?
Nearest Neighbour Regression
Locally weighted scatter plot smoothing
Tree based models like (CART)
Smoothing SplinesSmoothing SplinesSmoothing Splines

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 15
1. ______ form when moist warm air overruns cold air because the warm air cools as a result
of expansion as it rises.
Water Droplets
Smog
Fog
Clouds

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 16
1. If you are looking at a featureless sky during hazy or dark conditions, your eyes will tend
to focus at a point approximately _______ ft away.
3 to 5
30 to 50
300 to 500
3,000 to 5,000

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 17
1. Which is one of the approach available for aviation forecasting?
 Time Series Econometric Modeling
Time Series Economical Method
Time Series Ecological Modeling
None of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 18
1. The accuracy of forecasting is purely depending upon the __________ and sophisticated
statistical models.
Qualitative
Quality of data
Quality of system
None of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 19
1. Two time series are jointly stationary if _____
They are easy stationary
Cross variance function is a afunction only of lag h
Only A
Both A and B

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 20
1. Wake turbulence caused by a departing aeroplane is most severe immediately
following full power application.
before rotation
following rotation
above its flight path

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 21
1. Barometric methods are used to forecast
seasonal variation
secular trend
cyclical variation
irregular variation

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 22
1. Per capita GDP is a qualitative statement of air service consumption function. From this,
we identified two variables, one is expenditure on _______
 air travel
air taxes
air expenditure
None of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 23
1. Operations generated forecasts often not to do with
Inventory Requirements
Resource Needs
Time requirements
Sales

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 24
1. Which of the following cross validation techniques is better suited for time series data?
k-Fold Cross Validation
Leave-one-out Cross Validation
Stratified Shuffle Split Cross Validation
Forward Chaining Cross Validation

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 25
1. Autocovariance function for weakly stationary time series does not depend on _______
Separation of xs and xt
h = |s-t|
Location of point at a particular time
None of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 26
1. Any stationary time series can be approximately the random superposition of sines and
cosines oscillating at various frequencies.

True
False
1 points
Q U E ST I O N 27
1. Adjacent observations in time series data (excluding white noise) are independent and
identically distributed (IID).

True
 False
1 points
Q U E ST I O N 28
1. The last period’s forecast was 70 and demand was 60. What is the simple exponential
smoothing forecast with alpha of 0.4 for the next period.
63.8
65
62
66

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 29
1. Econometric model is very much useful for aviation _____
forecasting
law
technique
method

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 30
1. Autocovariance function for weakly stationary time series does not depend on _______
Separation of xs and xt
h = |s-t|
Location of point at a particular time
None of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 31
1. Cit=f(Yit), In this formula, what is Yit ?
per capita GDP of 't'th country at 'I' time period
per capita GDP of ith country at t time period
per capita earning of ith country at t time period
None of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 32
1. Which of the following is not a necessary condition for weakly stationary time series?
ean is constant and does not depend on time
Autocovariance function depends on s and t only through their difference |s-t|
(where t and s are moments in time)
The time series under considerations is a finite variance process
 Time series is Gaussian

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 33
1. Barometric methods are used to forecast
seasonal variation
secular trend
cyclical variation
irregular variation

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 34
1. Mathematics tell us about various functional form of the ______.
model
method
equation
none of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 35
1. The first step in time-series analysis is to
perform preliminary regression calculations.
calculate a moving average.
plot the data on a graph.
identify relevant correlated variables.

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 36
1. The altimeter setting is 29.70 in. Hg. If the pilot inadvertently sets 30.70 in. Hg on the
altimeter subscale, the altimeter will read 1,000 _____ too high.
feet
inch
km
meter

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 37
1. Time-series analysis is based on the assumption that
random error terms are normally distributed
there are dependable correlations between the variable to be forecast and other
independent variables
past patterns in the variable to be forecast will continue unchanged into the future
 the data do not exhibit a trend

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 38
1. Second differencing in time series can help to eliminate which trend?
Quadratic Trend
Linear Trend
Both A & B
None of the above

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 39
1. The accuracy of forecasting is purely depending upon the quality of data and
______________.
sophisticated statistical methods
sophisticated statistical techniques
sophisticated statistical mindset
sophisticated statistical models

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 40
1. Radiation fog forms as a result of the
passage of cold air over a warm surface.
air becoming moist as it moves over the sea.
clouds becoming cold and heavy at night so that they settle to the ground.
ground becoming cold at night and cooling the air in contact with it.

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 41
1. What is the abbrevation for AGL?
About Ground Level
Above Ground Level
Average Ground Level
None of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 42
1. Imagine, you are working on a time series dataset. Your manager has asked you to build
a highly accurate model. You started to build two types of models which are given
below.Model 1: Decision Tree modelModel 2: Time series regression modelAt the end of
evaluation of these two models, you found that model 2 is better than model 1. What
could be the possible reason for your inference?
Model 1 couldn’t map the linear relationship as good as Model 2
 Model 1 will always be better than Model 2
You can’t compare decision tree with time series regression
None of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 43
1. A major early symptom of _______ is euphoria
drowziness
dizziness
hypoxia
hyperventilation

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 44
1. The altimeter setting is 29.70 in. Hg. If the pilot inadvertently sets 30.70 in. Hg on the
altimeter subscale, the altimeter will read
1,000 ft too high.
1,000 ft too low.
100 ft too high
100 ft too low.

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 45
1. A number of forecasting ________ are available but all are not based upon rigorous
quantitative and statistical modeling.
technique
value
magnitude
none of these

1 points
Q U E ST I O N 46
1. Unless otherwise authorized, a pilot on a VFR flight entering Class C airspace must
request a clearance from the appropriate ATC unit immediately after entering.
establish radio contact with the appropriate ATC unit only when transiting the
associated control zone
receive a clearance from the appropriate ATC unit prior to entering.
contact radar service only when taking off or landing at the associated airport.

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 47
1. Mean value of the random error term is _________
 one
two
ten
zero

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 48
1. The BLUE property of OLS estimator hold true when it is best ______ and have minimum
variance among the class of unbiased estimator.
linear
variable
unlinear
simple

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 49
1. Which theory states that when income increases consumption also increases
Regression Theory
Statitics Theory
Model Theory
Economic Theory

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 50
1. Forecasting is the prediction of _________ event, which is both a science and an art.
future
past
present
None of these

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 51
1. The sample size must be ______ than the number of parameters to be estimated.
lesser
greater
more
none of these

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 52
1. How is the availability of tools which forecast perfectly ?
easy
 rare
very rare
very easy

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 53
1. Which of the following is not true for forecasting?
Forecasts are rarely perfect
The underlying casual system will remain same in the future
Forecast for group of items is accurate than individual item
Short range forecasts are less accurate than long range forecasts

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 54
1. How is income and consumption related
directly proportional
inversly proportional
not realated
none of these

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 55
1. Francis Galton is known for introducing
Literature of economics
Literature of econometrics
Methods of econometrics
Literature of english

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 56
1. The indicated stalling speed of an aeroplane
is higher when flying downwind than upwind
increases with altitude.
decreases with altitude.
does not change with change of altitude.

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 57
1. what does matter a lot in case forecasting aeronautical revenues ?
direction of forecast
magnitude of forecast
volume
 None of these

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 58
1. The observed variables on which we can collect the data can be modelled as x ̃ = x + u
and y ̃ = y + v, which show that our observed variables x ̃ and y ̃ are measured with
additive errors u and v respectively. Thus u and v are ________.
measurement defects
measurement systems
measurement errors
measurement techniques

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 59
1. Are there tools which can predict perfect ?
yes
no
cant predict near to perfect
None of these

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 60
1. Which of the following can’t be a component for a time series plot?
Seasonality
Trend
Cyclical
None of these

3 points
Q U E ST I O N 61
1. Pilots are responsible for taking action as necessary to avoid a collision
unless flying in accordance with an ATC clearance
only when flying in VFR conditions.
except when within visual range of the control tower.
at all times.

3 points
Q U E ST I O N 62
1. Which of the following cross validation techniques is better suited for time series data?
k-Fold Cross Validation
Leave-one-out Cross Validation
Stratified Shuffle Split Cross Validation
 Forward Chaining Cross Validation

3 points
Q U E ST I O N 63
1. What is the full form of PCES ?
Product Consumption Expenditures Services
Product Common Expenditures Services
Personal Consumption Expenditures on Services
None of these

QUESTION 5
1. What does autocovariance measure?
Linear dependence between multiple points on the different series observed at
different times
Quadratic dependence between two points on the same series observed at different
times
Linear dependence between two points on different series observed at same time
Linear dependence between two points on the same series observed at different
times
QUESTION 7
1. During an approach to land on an upsloping runway, the pilot may experience the
illusion that the aeroplane is . . . . . than it actually is.
higher
lower
closer in
approaching faster

QUESTION 8
1. In the northern hemisphere, the winds blow clockwise around a high ______ and counter-
clockwise around a low _________.
time zone, time zone
temperature, temperature
pressure area, pressure area
None of these

QUESTION 12
1. The correct height above ________ is indicated on a pressure altimeter set to 29.92 in. Hg
only when the conditions of a standard atmosphere exist.
sea level
ground level
air level
runway level

QUESTION 13
 1. Clouds form when moist warm air overruns cold air because the warm air
is cooled by the cold air underneath.
is cooled by the surrounding cold air aloft.
becomes unstable as a result of cooling from below.
cools as a result of expansion as it rises.

QUESTION 17
1. Advection fog forms when
moist air moves from a warm surface to a colder surface.
the cold ground cools the air in contact with it at night.
moist air is influenced by orographic effect.
moist cool air moves from a cold surface to a warm surface.

QUESTION 19
1. The numerical values of β0 (which is _______) give quantitative relationship between C and
Y.
-1406.7
-1407.7
-1406.8
-1416.7

QUESTION 21
1. After estimating the econometric model, the _______ between passenger air traffic and its
determinants are obtained.
statistical relationship
average relationship
dual relationship
equivalent relationship

QUESTION 24
1. _________ is the amount of moisture present in the air compared to the amount the air
could hold at that temperature and pressure.
Relative temperature
Relative pressure
Relative humidity
Relative fog

QUESTION 27
1. The correct height above sea level is indicated on a pressure altimeter set to 29.92 in. Hg
only when
the conditions of a standard atmosphere exist.
a standard lapse rate exists
you are in the Standard Pressure Region.
the barometric pressure is 29.92 in. Hg

QUESTION 31
 1. There is variety of uses of forecasting- sometimes _______ of forecasting play important
role than direction of forecasting
magnitude
altitude
height
value

QUESTION 35
1. The regression model should be linear in ______and may or may not be linear in variables.
techniques
method
strategy
parameter

QUESTION 39
1. Unless conducting a take-off, approach or landing, no person shall fly an aeroplane over
a built-up area unless the aeroplane is operated at an altitude that is not lower than
________ above the highest obstacle within a radius of _______from the aircraft.
500 ft, 500 ft
1,000 ft, 2,000 ft
2,000 ft, 1,000 ft
3,000 ft, 1 mile

QUESTION 42
1. Name the scientist who propounded the method of Ordinary Least Square .
Charles Francis
Francis Gauss
Carl Friedrich Gauss
Friedrich Gauss

QUESTION 43
1. Which of the following is not a forecasting technique?
Judgemental
Time series
Time horizon
Associative

QUESTION 44
1. What is forecasting a) science b) art c) prediction of future d) prediction of past
science
art
prediction of future
prediction of past

QUESTION 45
 1. After estimating the econometric model, the statistical relationship between ___________
and __________are obtained.
passenger air traffic, its determinants
passenger air traffic, its matrices
passenger average traffic, its matrices
passenger average traffic, its determinants

QUESTION 48
1. Who introduce the term regression in econometrics
Charles Galton
Francis Galton
Galton Thomas
Francis Thomas

QUESTION 49
1. The conditional mean or expected value of the stochastic or random error term should
be ______
one
two
ten
zero

QUESTION 50
1. What does help to minimize error?
art of modeling
art of regression
art of sampling
art of forecaster

QUESTION 51
1. Any person holding a licence, permit or certificate issued under the authority of the CARs
shall produce such document for inspection, upon demand by
an airport owner or operator.
any pilot holding a senior licence.
a peace officer, or immigration officer.
a pilot holding a valid instructor rating.

QUESTION 52
1. The manoeuvring speed for an aeroplane is the maximum
speed at which the aeroplane can be safely operated in smooth air.
speed at which full travel of the flight controls may be used without exceeding the
design load factor.
speed at which the aeroplane may be flown with the flaps lowered.
safe speed at which the aeroplane should be operated.

QUESTION 53
 1. What do you mean by PRF ?
population regression function
population regression formula
population redirect function
principal regression function

Q U E ST I O N 55
1. __________ variables arises when we unable to include some additional variables due to
data unavailability.
omitted
edited
simple
unique

2 points
Q U E ST I O N 56
1. Name the scientist who observed that though tall children are born from tall parents and
short children from short parents?
Francic Galton
Francis Galton
Fransic Galton
Frasis Galton