Continuity of Functions

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-Ms. Ingrid Nikolai Fercol

 Continuity
Informally, a continuous function is
one whose graph can be drawn
without a “pen” leaving the paper.
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 Two types of Discontinuity
1. Essential Discontinuity
2. Removable Discontinuity
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 Essential Discontinuity
● A function f(x) is said to have essential discontinuity at x=c if
lim f(x) does not exist.
x→c
x+1 𝒊𝒇 x < 4
h(x) = ቊ
x−4 ²+3 𝒊𝒇 x ≥ 4
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 Removable Discontinuity
● A function f(x) is said to have removable discontinuity at x=c if
lim f(x) exist and either of f(c) does not exist or f(c) ≠ lim f(x).
x→c x→c

3x²−4x+1
g(x) = ቐ x−1 if x ≠ 1
1 if x = 1
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 Online Activity!!!
Evaluate: If the graph is continuous or discontinuous at:
● x=1 Discontinuous; removable discontinuity
● x=2 Discontinuous; removable discontinuity
● x=3 Discontinuous; essential discontinuity
● x=4 Continuous
● x=5 Discontinuous; essential discontinuity
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● x=6 Continuous
 Continuity
Test A function f is continuous at
x=c if the following conditions
are satisfied: NOTE!!!
I. f(c) is exist; -If at least one of
these conditions fails,
II. lim f(x) is exist; and then we say the
x→c
function is
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III. lim f(x) = f(c). discontinuous at x=c.

x→c
 Determine if the following
functions are continuous at:

1. f(x) = 3x²-x+5 is continuous

at x = 1
2
2. f(x)= ; at x=0 and x=-1
x+1
Examples
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 Solution:
1. f(x) = 3x²-x+5 is continuous at x = 1
I. f(c) is exist. III. lim f(x) = f(c).
x→c

II. lim f(x) is exist.

x→c
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Conclusion: Continuous
 2
Solution: 2. f(x)=
x+1
; at x=0 and x=-1
x=0 x=-1
I. f(c) is exist? I. f(c) is exist?

II. lim f(x) is exist?

x→c
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III. lim f(x) = f(c).

x→c
 ● Determine whether the given function f(x) is continuous or
discontinuous.
2x−1 𝒊𝒇 x < 1
f(x) = ቊ
1−2x² 𝒊𝒇 x ≥ 1
I. f(c) is exist? III. lim f(x) = f(c).
x→c
f(1)=1-2(1)²
= -1
II. lim f(x) is exist?
x→c
lim− f(x) = 2x-1 lim+ f(x) = 1-2x²
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x→1 x→1
=2(1)-1 =1-2(1)²
=1 = -1
Conclusion: Essential discontinuity