Thermodynamics-I, Tutorials no 1: Basics Definition and concepts

1. Answer True or False and explain why

a) a thermodynamic system may not interact with its surroundings
b) A fixed mass system is always stationary
c) An empty space could constitute a thermodynamic system
d) A thermodynamic property may not be measurable
e) For an intensive property y an extensive property Y can be obtained such that Y = y x mass
f) If A is a property then  dA is negative

g) A thermodynamic property could be multi-valued

2. Two cubic meters of air at 25oC and 1 bar have a mass of 2.34 kg.
List the values of three intensive and two extensive properties for this system

3. Identify the interactions between your body and the surroundings when you sleep

4. Identify the interactions between your room and the surroundings, assuming the doors and
windows are closed.

5. During the free fall of a rigid body, identify the interactions between the body and its
surroundings.

6. A block of ice dropped into a tank of water as shown in this Fig. begins
melting. Identify the interactions for the (a) ice as a system, (b) water in
the tank as a system, (c) water and ice together as a system. Compare the
combined system with the extended system in terms of interactions with
the surroundings.

7. A steam turbine produces shaft work as steam flows through it, entering at
a high pressure and a high temperature, and leaving at a relatively low
pressure. Identify the interactions between the turbine (as an open system)
and its surroundings.

Lecturer: E. W. RAMDE 1
 8. 2 kg of hydrogen is mixed with 2 kg of oxygen. If the final mixture has a volume of 3 m3.
Determine (a) molar mass, (b) specific volume, and (c) the molar specific volume of the final
mixture

9. The pressure of a liquid flow is raised by a pump driven by an electrical

motor. Identify the interactions treating (a) the pump as an open system, and
(b) the pump and the motor as a combined system.

10. Water is accelerated by a nozzle attached at the end of a garden hose.

Identify the interactions, treating the nozzle as an open system.

11. Air is decelerated by passing it through a diffuser (inverse of a nozzle) at the

inlet of a jet engine. Identify the interactions between the diffuser and its
surroundings.

12. A compressor raises the pressure of a gas flow. The temperature of the gas is
also increased as a result. Identify the possible interactions between the
compressor and its surroundings.

13. As shown in this figure, electric current from the

photo-voltaic cell runs an electric motor. The shaft
of the motor turns the paddle wheel inside the water
tank. Identify the system-surroundings interactions
for the following systems: (a) cell, (b) motor, (c)
tank, and (d) the combined system that includes all
these three subsystems.

14. In a heat exchanger (see accompanying figure) a flow of hot air is

cooled by a flow of water. Identify the interactions treating (a) the
entire heat exchanger as the system, and (b) one of the streams as the
system.

Lecturer: E. W. RAMDE 2