GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT

The Dominant Constraint on Growth in Niger

Fatima Sohail
19813
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD .............................................................................................................................................vii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ ix 1.
Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... 1 2.
Poverty, Risks and Vulnerability ....................................................................................................... 8 2.1
Poverty and Poverty Trends ........................................................................................................... 8 2.2
Poverty Profile ............................................................................................................................. 12 2.3
Risks and Vulnerability ............................................................................................................... 13 2.4
Poverty Traps ............................................................................................................................... 15 2.5
Climate Change ........................................................................................................................... 19 3.
Human Capital ................................................................................................................................... 23 3.1
Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 23 3.2
Health ........................................................................................................................................... 25 3.3
Education ..................................................................................................................................... 30 4.
Economy and Opportunities for Growth ........................................................................................ 36 4.1
Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 36 4.2
Sources of Growth ....................................................................................................................... 38 4.3
Behind the Headline Numbers ..................................................................................................... 42 4.4
Policy Simulations ....................................................................................................................... 47 5.
Governance ......................................................................................................................................... 50 5.1
Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 50 5.2
Niger’s Political Settlement ......................................................................................................... 52 5.3
Consequences of the Political Settlement .................................................................................... 56 5.4 The
Challenge of Reform ............................................................................................................ 59 6.
Identifying and Prioritizing Pathways to Poverty Reduction ........................................................ 62 6.1 The
Challenge of Reducing Poverty in Niger .............................................................................. 62 6.2 Reducing
Poverty by Increasing Productivity of Agriculture ..................................................... 66 6.3
Complementary Pathways to Reducing Poverty ......................................................................... 71 6.4
Binding Constraints ..................................................................................................................... 72 6.5
Additional Research Suggested ................................................................................................... 90
ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION
3. LOW RETURN TO ECONOMIC ACTIVITY