SENIOR HIGH ACADEMIC REVIEWERS FOR EXAMINATIONS ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND

Grade 12 || FINALS EXAMINATION || MAY 2022 PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES

SHARE Committee || Senior High School Student Council || AUF – Integrated School

AUF HONOR CODE

On my honor as an Angelenean, who live by the core
values of Mabuti, Magaling at May Malasakit sa
Kapwa, I hereby pledge honesty and integrity in all my
academic tasks without receiving or giving
unauthorized assistance, thereby observing scholarly
and intellectual standards, rules on proper citation of
sources, and appropriate collection and use of data.
So help me God.

REMINDER
This reviewer was created for the sole purpose of
giving the Angeleneans a reference for reviewing for
the examinations. We greatly encourage everyone to
still browse for other sources to better prepare for
the Finals Examination. Rest assured that all the
information presented in this reviewer were verified by
our faculty and/or department chairs.

We believe that you will ace the exams, Angeleneans.

No matter what score you will get, always remember
that you are doing a great job. Keep fighting!

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 WRITING A CONCEPT PAPER
WHAT IS A CONCEPT PAPER?
• A concept paper provides the reader
with a summary of the proposed project
or research with the aim of obtaining
funding to execute it.
• It usually ranges from 500 to 2000 words.
• It is also called a prospectus, preliminary
proposal, or pre-proposal.
• Most importantly, it requires clear
context, message, audience, and
purpose.
WHAT IS A CONCEPT PAPER FOR?
• A concept paper serves as a foundation
(backbone) of the full proposal.
• It determines if the project is feasible or
not.
• It is also used to pique the interest (cause
curiosity) of potential funding agencies.
• It is used to obtain informal feedback prior
to full proposal.
WAYS OF EXPLAINING A CONCEPT
1. Definition
2. Explication
3. Clarification
DEFINITION
• A method of identifying a given term and
making its meaning clearer.
• It clarifies and explains concepts, ideas,
and issues by answering the question,
“WHAT DOES IT MEAN?”
• Ways in Presenting a Definition: Formal,
Informal, and Extended
FORMAL DEFINITION
• Explains terms by incorporating the term to
be defined (species), the general category
of the term (genus), and the quality that
makes the term different from other terms in
the same category (differentia).
Example: Vitamin E is a slightly yellow fat-
soluble vitamin that acts as an anti-oxidant.
INFORMAL DEFINITION
• This is done usually through a parenthetical
or brief explanation.
• Uses more familiar words to define a
concept.
Example: Tocopherol (Vitamin E) is naturally
found in vegetable oil, fish, and nuts.
EXTENDED DEFINITION
• A detailed way of defining a term and is
usually composed of at least one
paragraph.
• This type of definition incorporates various
patterns of development to explain a given
concept.
• Example of patterns:
✓ Formal and informal definition
✓ Comparison and contrast
✓ Narration
✓ Description
✓ Classification
✓ Functional analysis
✓ Process
✓ Analogy
✓ Cause and effect
• Example of an Extended Definition:
Subsequent to materials design is the
preparation of learning materials. Learning
materials refer to both printed and non-
printed objects or items that teachers and
learners use to facilitate language learning.
Nowadays, materials are becoming more
and more sophisticated, incorporating
authentic language samples that help
make a connection between classrooms
and real-life activities.

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ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES

SIGNAL WORDS FOR DEFINITION • Specifically

• As defined • That is
• For example • To be specific
• For instance • As an example
• Is defined as • In particular
• Means • Stated differently
• Such as • To clarify
• To define • In short
• To illustrate
• Refer to
PARTS OF A CONCEPT PAPER FOR A PROJECT
• Use the following structure when you want
EXPLICATION to propose a certain tangible project in your
• A method of explanation in which discipline.
sentences, verses, quotes, or passages 1. Cover page
are taken from a literary or academic 2. Introduction
work and then interpreted and explained 3. Rationale/Background
in a detailed way. 4. Project Description
• When using the Explication technique: 5. Project Needs and Cost
1. Clearly present your thesis in the
introduction.
2. Follow it up with a detailed analysis of COVER PAGE
a passage or text. • Includes the following:
3. Analyze and explain in the body how 1. Names of proponents and affiliations
the text was constructed. 2. Contact Information (email address)
4. End with a concise conclusion by 3. Head of the agency and contact
restating your thesis and major information
arguments. 4. Date of Submission

CLARIFICATION INTRODUCTION
• This takes place when the points are • Includes the following:
organized from general abstract idea to 1. Information of Funding Agency
specific and concrete examples. 2. Agency’s mission and the proponents’
• It entails the analysis of the concept by plans
looking at the examples and specifying 3. Present and describe partner agencies
some of its characteristics to arrive at one 4. Provide reasons for the agency to
working definition which can be used support you
throughout the paper.

RATIONALE/BACKGROUND
SIGNAL WORDS FOR CLARIFICATION • Includes the following:
• After all 1. Gap/problem to be addressed
• Namely 2. Significance of the project
• In other words 3. Problems to be solved
• Put another way

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PROJECT DESCRIPTION 4. Theoretical and practical implications of

• Includes the following: your proposed research
1. Goals/objectives of the project
2. Action Plan/Methodologies/Activities
3. Timeline (expressed in months & year) PRELIMINARY LITERATURE REVIEW
4. Benefits or Anticipated Outcomes • Includes the following:
5. How success of outcomes will be 1. Theoretical framework
evaluated 2. Related literature
3. Related studies
4. Brief synthesis of the reviewed literature
PROJECT NEEDS AND COST and studies
• Includes the following:
1. Detailed Outline of the Budget
2. Justify the Budget STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM/OBJECTIVES
3. List the Personnel or Equipment • Includes the following:
Needed 1. General problem (one sentence)
2. Specific research questions or
objectives
PARTS OF A CONCEPT PAPER FOR ACADEMIC
RESEARCH
• Use the following structure when you ABDRIGED METHODOLOGY
intend to present an idea or a concept • Includes the following:
for research you would like pursue. 1. Context and participants of the study
1. Title Page 2. Instruments to be used
2. Background of the Study 3. Data collection procedure
3. Preliminary Literary Review 4. Data analysis scheme to be used
4. Statement of the Problem/Objectives
5. Abridged Methodology
6. Timeline TIMELINE
7. References • Includes the following:
1. Timeline set in months and year

TITLE PAGE
1. Research Title REFERENCES
2. Your name and school 1. Books, journals, and other resources
3. Date of submission cited in your paper

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY GUIDELINES IN WRITING A CONCEPT PAPER

1. Current state of the field you are 1. Reasonable Cost and Method
researching on 2. Budget, Method, and Timeline
2. Gap in knowledge and problems to Alignment (aligned with the agency)
be addressed (statistics and previous 3. Use statistics and figures to explain
studies to prove claims) rationale
3. Reasons for investigating on the 4. Use no more than 5 pages (excluding
chosen topic the cover page)

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5. NEVER request funding for planning CULTURAL TRANSMISSION

6. Adjust language for intended • This refers to the ability of the media to teach
audience the various norms, rules and values that exist
7. Include the overview of the budget if it in a society and ensure its transfer from one
is required. generation to the next.
8. Incorporate basic format details such
as page numbers.
9. Cite references. ENTERTAINMENT
• This popular function of the mass media
refers to the ability of the media to help
MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY people relax and create a means of escape
MEDIA from the stress of everyday life.
• Media is the different channels, or ways,
in which news, entertainment, marketing
messages or other information is spread. EVOLUTION OF TRADITIONAL TO NEW MEDIA
1. Prehistoric Age
2. Industrial Age
FUNCTION OF MEDIA 3. Electronic Age
4. The Information Age
1. Surveillance of the Environment
2. Correlation of parts of Society
3. Cultural Transmission PREHISTORIC/PREINDUSTRIAL AGE (BEFORE
4. Entertainment
1700S)
• People discovered fire, developed paper
SURVEILLANCE OF THE ENVIRONMENT from plants, and were able to forge
• The media has the responsibility of weapons with stones, bronze, etc.
providing news and cover a wide variety • Technology that predates recorded history
of issues that is of some service to the • Anything prior to the first written accounts of
society. history is prehistoric, including earlier
• Example: In times of natural disasters or technologies
war, it is the role of media to create • About 2.5 million years before writing was
awareness by providing information of developed, technology began with the
what is happening and ways on how the earliest hominids who used stone tools,
problem can be faced. which they may have used to start fires,
hunt, and bury their dead.

CORRELATION OF PARTS OF SOCIETY

• This function relates to how the media’s
selection of certain news and its
interpretation affects how society
understands and responds to it.
Cave Paintings (13,000 BC) Acta Diurna in Rome (130 BC)

• People’s attitudes towards political issues,

events, public policy, etc. are influenced
to an extent by how the media frames Codex in Mayan Region
(5th Century)

and presents the issue in their discussions

and presentations. Clay Tablets in Mesopotamia
(2400 BC) Dibao China (2nd Century)

Printing Press using

wood blocks (220 AD)

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INDUSTRIAL AGE THE INFORMATION AGE

• Encompasses the changes in economic
and social organization that began
around 1760 in Great Britain and later in
other countries.
• Characterized chiefly by the
replacement of hand tools with power-
driven machines such as the power
loom and the steam engine, and by the
concentration of industry in large
establishments
• Manufacturing of various products
(including books through the printing
press)
• Also known as the Computer Age, Digital
Age, or New Media Age
• Characterized by the shift from traditional
industry that the Industrial Revolution
brought through industrialization, to an
economy based on information
computerization.
• The onset of the Information Age is
associated with the Digital Revolution, just as
the Industrial Revolution marked the onset of
the Industrial Age.
• Internet paved the way for faster
communication and the creation of the
social network
• Advanced the use of Microelectronics with
the invention of personal computers, mobile
devices, and wearable technology
• Voice, image, and sound data are
digitalized

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY

• Allows individual to engage with media and
other information providers effectively.
• Literacy – ability to identify, understand,
interpret, create, communicate, and
ELECTRONIC AGE
compute using printed and written materials
• The invention of the transistor ushered in
associated with varying contexts.
the electronic age.
• Media literacy – wants to empower users by
• People harnessed the power of
providing them competencies necessary to
transistors that led to the transistor radio,
new technologies. It is the ability to access,
electronic circuits, and the early
evaluate, and create media in a variety of
computers.
forms.
• In this age, long distance
• Information – broad term that covers
communication became more efficient.
processed data, knowledge derived from
study, experience, instruction, signals, or
symbols.
\
• The idea of information literacy, broadly
defined as the ability to recognize
information needs and identify, evaluate
and use information effectively
• Can read, understand, analyze and create
media.
• This means understanding, not only the text
in a media message, but also other pieces
OHP, LCD Projectors of the message, such as pictures or data.

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ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES

REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. A method of explanation in which
sentences, verses, quotes, or passages
are taken from a literary or academic
work and then interpreted and
explained in a detailed way.

2. This is done usually through a

parenthetical or brief explanation.

3. The invention of the transistor ushered in

this age.

4. This is the ability to identify, understand,

interpret, create, communicate, and
compute using printed and written
materials associated with varying contexts.

5. The different channels, or ways, in which

news, entertainment, marketing messages
or other information is spread.

6. A method of identifying a given term and

making its meaning clearer.

7. [TRUE or FALSE] A concept paper usually

ranges from 500 to 1000 words.

8. [TRUE or FALSE] A concept paper from a

project includes: Cover page,
Introduction. Rationale/Background.
Project Description, Methods, and Project
Needs and Cost

9. [TRUE or FALSE] A concept paper serves as

a foundation (backbone) of the full
proposal.

10. What are the four functions of media?

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ANSWER KEY
1. Explication
2. Informal Definition
3. Electronic Age
4. Literacy
5. Media
6. Definition
7. False (500 to 2000 words)
8. False (Methods is not a part)
9. True
10. Surveillance of the Environment
Correlation of parts of Society
Cultural Transmission
Entertainment

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