Chapter 1 Class 12th

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CLASS 12TH BUSINESS STUDIES
CHAPTER-1
Nature and Significance of Management
SHORT NOTES ONLY FOR REVISION
Management: Definition
Management is the art of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals working together in groups to achieve the
goal Efficiently and effectively
Objectives of Management
1. Organizational Objectives:
 Survival: - In starting business has to compete with the marketers those are already in the market to survive in the
market.(Example:- Jio company given free sims and data for survival in the market)
 Profit: - Every business has main motive to earn profits to survive in the market and to give regular returns to the
investors .
 Growth:- When business has adequate profit even after giving returns to the investor then business invest the
surplus money for the growth and development of the business.
2,Social Objectives. For example:

 Use eco-friendly methods
 Generate employment opportunities
 Avoid Unfair Trade practices
 Contribute in the social programs
 Should done charity
3,Personal Objectives. For example:

 Fair wages and salary should be paid
 Good working conditions should be provided
 Growth prospects should be there for employees
 Programs for personality development of employees
Effectiveness: Definition
Effectiveness means doing complete work in the given time.
Importance of Management
1. Management helps in achieving group goals.
2. Management increases efficiency of the employees.
3. Management creates a dynamic organization.
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4. Management helps in achieving personal objectives.
5. Management helps in the development of society.
Features of Management
1. Management is goal oriented as it seeks to integrate the efforts of different individuals towards the accomplishment
of both organizational and individual goals.
2. Management is pervasive as it is applicable to all types of organizations (economic, social and political), all sizes of
organization (small, medium and large) and at all levels of management (top, middle and lower).
3. Management is multidimensional as it involves three dimensions namely:
 Management of work i.e. to translate the work in terms of goals to be achieved and to assign the means to achieve
it.
 Management of people, which implies dealing with employees as individuals with diverse needs and also as a
group of people.
 Management of operations, in order to ensure the conversion of inputs into desired outputs for consumption.
4. Management is a continuous process as it is a series of continuous, composite, but separate functions i.e. planning,
organizing, staffing, directing and controlling to be performed simultaneously all the time till an organization exists.
5.Management is a group activity requiring team work and coordination of the efforts of the diverse individuals in a
common direction.
6. Management is a dynamic function as a business operates in an ever changing environment and this necessitates a
constant review and revision of its goals and operations so as to adapt itself effectively to these changes.
7. Management is an intangible force which cannot be seen but the good quality of management is reflected through
various indicators like achievement of goals, satisfaction among employees etc.
Functions of Management
Managment as a process contains a series of interrelated and interdependent functions namely,

planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling.
1. Planning relates to determining in advance what is to be done and who is to do it.
2. Organizing is the process of bringing together human, physical and financial resources and establishing productive
relations among them for the purpose of achieving the desired goals efficiently and effectively.
3. Staffing involves manning the organizational structure in order to fill in the roles designed into the structure.
4. Directing involves leading, influencing and motivating employees to perform the tasks assigned to them.
5. Controlling is the management function of ensuring that events conform to plans.
Levels of Management
Top level of Management
(Administrative or Top Level of Management)

The board of directors, president, vice-president, and CEO are all examples of top-level managers. These managers are
responsible for controlling and overseeing the entire organization. They develop goals, strategic plans, company policies,
and make decisions on the direction of the business.
OR
It consists of board of directors, chief executive or managing director. The top management is the ultimate source of
authority and it manages goals and policies for an enterprise. It devotes more time on planning and coordinating
functions.
Functions of top level of management
1. They coordinate all the activities of different departments in the way which helps to achieve overall objective of
organisation.
2. They set objectives for the organisation.
3. They analysis the business environment so that, they can create plans according to changing environment for
success of organisation.
4. The create policies for completion of overall organisational goals that is why they are responsible for the growth
and survival of organisation.
5. They creates strategies which helps to achieve the organisational goals
6. They are responsible for every activity of business and its impact on the outside world
7. They mobilize finance in the form of capital or Debt for the organisation.
8. They are responsible towards the investors for their returns in the form of Profits.
9. Appointing the executives for middle-level management, i.e. departmental managers.
10. Establishing controls of all organizational departments.
11. Providing overall guidance, direction, and encouraging harmony and collaboration.
12. It approves the budgets of different department as it mobilize funds for the organisation.
Middle management is at the center of a hierarchical organization, subordinate to the senior management but above the
lowest levels of operational staff. Middle managers are accountable to top management for their department's function.
They provide guidance to lower-level managers and inspire them to perform better.
Middle Level of Management

Middle management is at the center of a hierarchical organization, subordinate to the senior management but above the
lowest levels of operational staff. Middle managers are accountable to top management for their department's function.
They provide guidance to lower-level managers and inspire them to perform better.
Or
This is a level of management is consist of departmental managers and branch managers who are directly accountable
or answerable to the top level of management for the functioning of their respective departments for which they have
been appointed, and also command the lower level of management as per the guidelines provided by top level of
management.
Functions of Middle level of management

1. They serve as a link between top level and lower level of management.
2. They develop and control the plans and strategies created by top level of management and they are also responsible
for it.
3. They ensure that their department has necessary staff for working.
4. They hire employees and train them for increasing their efficiency.
5. They give duties and responsibility to their subordinate for further working.
6. They motivate their departmental employees for better working and to achieve desired objective.

7. They cooperate with the other departments at the middle level of management for smooth functioning for the
organisation.
8. They interpret and explain the policies and strategies from top level of management to lower level of management.
9. The create reports of middle and lower level of management and send it to top level of management.
10. Executing the plans of the organization in accordance with the policies and directives laid out by the top
management level.
11. They formulate middle level plans to support overall objective of firm but it must be keep in mind that the plans
must not go against policies framed by top level of management.
Lower level of management

(Supervisory level of management or operational level of management)
Lower management in a business generally oversees the performance of employees working on line tasks
in managerial positions such as foreman, line boss, shift boss, section chief, head nurse or sergeant. Also called
supervisory personnel or first level managers.
Or
This level of management is consists of supervisors, foremen, section officers, superintendents, and all other executives
whose work is to oversee and direct Actual workforce and they provide a link between the management and the
workers.
Functions of Lower level of Management
1. They oversee the efforts of the workforce.

2. To interact with the actual work force and pass on instructions of the middle management to the workers.
3. To ensure that quality of output is maintained, wastage of materials is minimized and safety standards.
4. To solve the problems which are arise among the work force
5. To ensure the availability of raw material and resources needed for production.
6. To ensure Safe and Clean Working Environment.
Functions of Levels of Management

Nature of Management
Management as an Art Management as a Science Management as a Profession
Science is a systematized body of
Art is the skilful and personal application
knowledge that explains certain general Profession is an economic activity which
of existing knowledge to achieve desired
truths. requires specialized knowledge and skill.
results.
Features of Art / Evaluation of Features of Science / Evaluation of Features of Profession / Evaluation of

Management as an Art: Management as a Science: Management as a Profession:
1.Existence of theoretical 1.Systematized body of

1.Well defined body of
knowledge: Management fulfills this knowledge: Management, like Science, is
knowledge: Management fulfills this
criterion as there exist a number of also a well- defined body of knowledge
criterion as it includes a set of theories and
theories and principles on management containing a number of theories and
principles formulated by various
which have been formulated by various principles formulated by various
management experts.
management experts. management experts
2.Personalized application: Management 2. Principles based on experimentation: Like 2. Restricted entry: Unlike other professions,

fulfills this criterion as a good manager the principles of pure science, the principles management as a profession does not fulfill
works through a combination of practice, of management are also based on personal this criteria as anyone can be called a
creativity, imagination, initiative and observation and tested through repeated manager regardless of his/her academic
innovation. experimentation. qualifications.
3. Universal validity: Unlike the scientific 3. Professional association: Several management

3. Based on practice and
principles, the principles of management lack associations exist today. However, unlike other
creativity: Management fulfills this professions, it is not necessary to be a member of
universal validity as it deals with human
criterion as a person becomes a better such an association to become a manager.
behavior which is complex in nature.
manager with constant practice and
Different people react differently to the 4.Ethical code of conduct: All professions are
experience. This also leads to emergence
same situation and therefore their behavior bound by a code of conduct which guides the
of different styles of management.
cannot be predicted with accuracy. behavior of its members.
5. Service motive: Like other professionals, a
good management ensures that it serves both the
objectives of profit maximisation and social
welfare effectively through its existence.
Conclusion – Management is a complete Conclusion – Management is a social Conclusion – Management does not meet
art. science. the exact criteria of a profession.
COORDINATION
“Coordination is the process of integrating the individual and group efforts in pursuit of common goals. ”
IMPORTANCE OF COORDINATION
1. Growth in size: With the growth in the size of an organisation, there is a proportionate increase in the number of its
employees.So there is a greater need to unify the efforts of diverse individuals towards the realisation of
organisational goals.
2. Functional differentiation: As a result of functional differentiation in an organisation, its people and activities get
divided into It facilitates the achievement of desired objectives with minimum conflicts by providing the necessary
amount, quality, timing and sequence of efforts.small departments on the basis of functions like marketing, finance
etc. Therefore, there is a need to reconcile the goals pursued by each of the departments with the goals of the
organisation as a whole.

3. Specialisation: More number of specialists are deployed in the present day organizations keeping in mind the need for
specialisation due to greater complexity and diversity in their way of functioning. In order to integrate the different
approaches, interests or opinion of the specialists and resolve conflicts between them, coordination is essential
FEATURES OF COORDINATION:
1. It integrates group efforts into purposeful work activity.

2. It ensures unity of action as it acts as a binding force between and among departments.
3. It is a continuous on-going process as it is required till an organisation exists.
4. It is all pervasive as it is required at all levels of management.
5. It is the responsibility of all managers however the scope of their operations varies.
6. It is a deliberate function.
COORDINATION – THE ESSENCE OF MANAGEMENT:
1. Although sometimes coordination is considered a separate function of management, it is the essence of management.
It helps in creating harmony among individual efforts towards the realization of group goals.
2. It is the force that binds all the other functions of management.
3. It is the common thread that runs through all organizational activities like production, marketing, finance etc. to
ensure continuity in the business operations.
4. It prevails through all the functions of management starting from the planning stage itself. The organizational
structure is developed in line with the plans. The staffing function is carried out in accordance with the organizational
structure. The directing function is performed by guiding, inspiring and motivating employees in the desired manner.
The controlling function helps to take care of any discrepancies between actual and planned activities.
5. If facilities the achievement of desired objectives with minimum conflicts by providing the necessary amount, quality,
timing and sequence of efforts.
MIND MAP OF CHAPTER NO.1

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SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
Question 1: Ashutosh Goenka was working in ‘Axe Ltd.’, a company manufacturing air purifiers. He found that the profits
has started declining from the last six months. Profit has an implication for the survival of the firm, so he analysed the
business environment to find out the reasons for this decline.
1. Identify the level of management at which Ashutosh Goenka was working.

2. State three other functions being performed by Ashutosh Goenka.
Question 2:Rishitosh Mukerjee has recently joined AMV Ltd, a company manufacturing refrigerators. He found that his
department was under-staffed and other departments were not cooperating with his deparment for smooth functioning
of the organisation. Therefore, he ensured that his department has the required number of employees and its
cooperation with other deparments is improved.
1. Idenfity the level at which Rishitosh Mukerjee was working.

2. Also, state three more functions required to be performed by Rishitosh Mukerjee at
this level.
Question 3:Sridhar’s father is working as a section in-charge in a government office. Identify the level of management at
which he is working? State any five functions that he has to perform at this level.
Question 4:Mega Ltd. manufactured water-heaters. In the first year of its operations, the revenue earned by the
company was just sufficient to meet its costs. To increase the revenue, the company analysed the reasons behind the
less revenues. After analysis, the company decided:
1. to reduce the labour costs by shifting the manufacturing unit to a backward area where labour was available at a
very low rate.
2. to start manufacturing solar water-heaters and reduce the production of electric water- heaters slowly.
This will not only help in covering the risks but also help in meeting other objectives.Identify and explain the objectives
of management discussed above.
Question 5:XYZ Power Ltd. set up a factory for manufacturing solar lanterns in a remote village as there was no reliable
supply of electricity in rural areas. The revenue earned by the company was sufficient to cover the costs and the risks. As
the demand of lanterns was increasing day- by-day, the company decided to increase production to generate higher
sales. For this/they decided to employ people from a nearby village as very few job opportunities were available in that
area. The company also decided to open schools and creches for the children of its employees.
Identify and explain the objectives of management discussed above.
Question 6:Your grandfather has retired as the Director of a manufacturing company. At what level of management was
he working? What functions do you think he was performing at that level? State any two.
Question 7:Ritu is the manager of the northern division of a large corporate house. At what level does she work in the
organisation? What are her basic functions?
Question 8:Vaibhav Garments Ltd/s target is to produce 10,000 shirts per month at a cost of ?150 per shirt. The
production manager could achieve this target at the cost of 160 per shirt. Do you think the production manager is
effective? Give reasons for your answer.

Question 9:Mr. Nitin Singhania’s father has a good business of iron and steel. He wants to go to the USA for his MBA but
his father thinks that he should join the business. On the basis of emerging- trends, do you think that Mr. Singhania
should send his son to the USA? Give any three reasons in support of your answer.
Question 10:Jayant is working as Head Relationship Manager in the wealth management division of a private sector
bank. He has created an internal environment which is conducive to an effective and efficient performance of his team
of ten relationship management executive” A typical day at work in Jay ant’s life consists of a series of interrelated and
continue functions. He decides the targets for his department which are in line with the objectives of the organization as
a whole. The future course of action for his team members is laid out well in advance. The various resources required by
the relationship managers like an iPad with GPS system, account opening forms, brochures, details of account holders
etc. are made readily available to them. The executives are given sufficient authority to carry out the work assigned to
them. Jayant works in close coordination with the Human Resource Manager in order to ensure that he is able to create
and maintain a satisfactory and satisfied workforce in his department.Through constant guidance and motivation, Jayant
inspires them to realise their full potential. He offers them various types of incentives from time to time keeping in view
their diverse individual needs.Moreover, he keeps a close watch on their individual performances in order to ensure that
they are in accordance with the standards set and takes corrective actions whenever needed.
In context of the above case:
1. Identify the concept being referred to in the following line, “He has created an internal environment which is
conducive to an effective and efficient performance of his team of ten relationship management executives.”
2. Identify and describe the various functions of the concept as identified in part (a) of the question by quoting lines
from the paragraph.
Question 11:Sooraj works as a salesman in a company selling pet accessories and food. He has been given a target of
selling 1200 units of the food packets in a month by offering a maximum of 10% discount to his customers. In order to
meet his monthly sales target, on the last two days of the month, he offers 15% discount to his customers.
In the context of the above case:
Is Sooraj effective in his work? Explain by giving a suitable reason in support of your answer.
Question 12:Sujata works as a designer in an export house. As per the terms of an order received by the export house,
she has to get 1000 units of denim jackets made in 15 days @ ? 2000 per jacket. She is able to complete her target
production in 20 days because in order to complete the order in 15 days she would have made the workers work over
time. As a result, the cost of production per jacket may have increased by ? 100.
In the context of the above case:Is Sujata efficient in her work? Explain by giving a suitable reason in support of your
answer.
Question 13:Anju and Manju are good friends. Considering the fact that the activities involved in managing an enterprise
are common to all organizations, after completing their masters in business management, both of them take up a job at
managerial level in different organizations as per their individual areas of interest. Anju takes up a marketing job in a
retail company and strives to increase sales whereas Manju joins an NGO and works diligently to realize its objective
related to providing employment to specially abled persons. Both of them have to perform a series of continuous,
composite, but separate functions. On some days, Anju may spend more time in planning a future display layout and on
another day, she may spend time in sorting out an employee’s problem. Both Anju and Manju make conscious efforts to
build a feeling of team spirit and coordination among diverse individuals with different needs who work under them. The
effect of their management is noticeable in their respective departments as the targets are met according to plans,
employees are happy and satisfied, and there is orderliness in its functioning rather than chaos.
Identify the various features of management highlighted in the above paragraph by quoting lines from it.

Question 14:Real Alliance Ltd. is a well-known cement company in India. It is able to earn adequate revenues to cover
costs. Its capital base, number of employees and production turnover has increased manifolds over the years. The rate
of profitability of the business is also creditable. The employees of the company are happy and satisfied with their
remuneration, working conditions, promotion policy etc. As a part of its moral obligation, the company has taken many
initiatives for providing employment to specially abled persons and promoting literacy in the villages adopted by it.
Identify and explain the various types of objectives of management being fulfilled by Real Alliance Ltd by quoting lines
from the paragraph.
Question 15:Esha works as the cost and risk management head of a company in power sector. As a result of her
excellent managerial competence, the company is able to reduce costs and increase productivity. The company belongs
to infrastructure sector, wherein regular amendments are made in the government regulations and policies. She holds
regular meetings to ensure that people in her department are not only aware of the related changes but are also able to
adapt to these changes effectively. This helps the company to maintain its competitive edge. She motivates and leads
her team in such a manner that individual members are able to achieve personal goals while contributing to the overall
organisational objective. In the process of fulfilling her duties for the growth of the organisation, she helps in providing
competitive services, adopting new technology, creating more employment opportunities etc. for the greater good of
the people at large.
Identify the various reasons that have made management so important by quoting lines from the paragraph.
Question 16:Ramarjuna joins an IT firm as a system analyst after completing his masters in Computer Science. As the
nature of his work demands he has to work in very close coordination with all the departmental heads in the firm, very
soon Ramarjuna realizes that each departmental head has own individual style of working. They differ greatly in their
day-to-day approach to work. They tend to deal with a given situation, an issue or a problem through a combination of
their own experience, creativity, imagination, initiative and innovation.
Identify and explain the nature of management highlighted in the above case.
Question 17:Dharam is a well-known businessman in the field of publishing. He owes the success of his business to his
own education in business management and his team of certified management consultants. Therefore, he decides to
send both his children Danush and Damini abroad to acquire a degree in business management in their individual area of
expertise. He feels that all over the world there is marked growth in management as a discipline, but still it is not
considered to be a full-fledged profession for certain reasons.
1. Explain the reasons because of which Dharam considers management as a discipline.

2. Critically examine the various reasons because of which management is not considered to be a full-fledged
profession.
Question 18:Kartik joins a garment factory as a plant supervisor in Lucknow. He observes that the output of some
workers is very low as compared to the standards set for their performance. On analyzing the reasons for the same, he
finds out that a lot of time of the workers is wasted in getting the requisite materials issued from the store. Whereas on
asking, the store keeper complains that there is no harmony in the working of the production department as a whole.
Everyday the workers approach him at the last minute to procure different kinds of threads, laces, mirrors, buttons etc.
If it is not available in the store then he has to place an order with the purchase officer. As a result, a lot of time of the
workers is wasted. So, in order to integrate the various production activities, henceforth, Kartik ensures,that the store
keeper is informed well three days in advance about the requisite material. Consequently, the store keeper is able to

keep the materials ready for the workers every morning in accordance with their requirements.
1. Identify and explain the quality of management that Kartik has introduced in the working of the production
department as a corrective measure to control the output of the workers.
2. State briefly any two points highlighting the importance of quality of management identified in part (a).
Question 19:Geetika is working in a private sector bank. One of her key function relates to the formulation of the overall
organisational goals and strategies of the bank. State any three other functions that she has to perform at this level.
Question 20:Arundhati has been promoted to the post of Marketing Division Head of a soft drink company. Identify the
level of management at which she will be working henceforth. State any four functions that she will have to perform at
this level.
Question 21:Ajay and Sanjay are childhood friends. Sanjay had lost his right hand in an accident in childhood. They meet
after a long time in a restaurant. On being asked, Sanjay tells Ajay that he feels very discontented in managing his family
business after the death of his father as it doesn’t match with his areas of interest. Ajay knows that Sanjay possess
extraordinary skills in management although he hasn’t acquired any professional degree in management.
Therefore, he asks Sanjay to wind up his business in India and join him in his hotel business in Dubai as an Assistant
Manager in Sales and Marketing Division.
Can Sanjay be deployed at the post of Assistant Manager in Sales and Marketing Division though he hasn’t acquired any
professional degree in management? Explain by giving suitable justifications in support of your answer.
Question 22:Your grandfather has retired from an organisation in which he was responsible for implementing the plans
developed by the top management. At which level of management was he working? State one more function performed
at this level.
Question 23:Deepak’s father has retired as a purchase manager of a company. At what level of management was he
working? What function do you think he was performing at that level of management?
Question 24:Dheeraj is working as an Operations Manager in Tifco Ltd. Name the managerial level at which he is
working. State any four functions he will perform as the Operations Manager in this company.
Question 25:Rajat is working as a Regional Manager in Tifco Ltd. Name the level at which he is working. State any four
functions he will perform as the Regional Manager in this company.
Question 26:Mr. X, the director of a company many times get involved in activities like procurement of raw material,
production and dispatch of goods, employee discipline etc.
(a) Name the level of management Mr. X belongs to.
(b) Do you think he must be involved in such activities? Give reason.
(c) Give two important functions, Mr. X must perform?
Question 27:Management of Global Ltd. fulfills all its objectives and the organization is able to work effectively and
efficiently. It is using environment friendly methods of production and disposes off the waste material by either recycling
it or using the same for landfill in such a manner that aquatic life is not disturbed. It also provides employment
opportunities to the disadvantaged sections of the society.
(a) Identify the objective of management which the company is fulfilling by doing such activities.
(b) State any other 2 objectives which they should fulfill?
Question 28:In ABC Ltd., the purchase department purchased 20 tonnes of raw material for production department.
Although only 15 tones was needed by production department. Due to this, goods were overproduced and were not

accepted by sales department. As a result, some goods remained unsold. Which aspect of management is lacking among
various departments. Give any 2 importance of the above asked element.
Question 29.The marketing manager of Alpha Ltd. fixed the target for all his sales executives and gave them all the
possible authorities to achieve it. They were asked to submit to him their performance report at the end of the month.
All of them did the same. On the receipt of report, the expected and actual results of sales executives were compared,
on this basis future course of action was decided. The sales Executive also wrote in their report what the expectations of
the customers from the company were. Majority of them had written that they wanted the co. to cooperate in the
construction of Dharmsala going on in the city. The marketing manager placed this demand before the Board of
Directors. This was happily accepted.
(a) Identify the functions of management described in above paragraph by quoting relevant lines.
(b) Which objective is being highlighted here?
Question 30.Three groups of employees of Ganga Ltd. are working at different posts. The first group is responsible for
survival and growth of organization. This group continuously keeps a watch over the business environment. With a view
of coping with the changes going on in the business environment this group immediately discusses the change to be
brought about in company’s plan. The second group is to explain the policies by superiors to the employees and
developing the feeling of cooperation among all the departments. The Third group is responsible for maintaining quality
and safety standards and minimizing wastage. Identify the levels of management described in above paragraph by
quoting relevant lines.
Question 31.Grey Ltd. is facing a lot of problems these days. The Co’s margin is declining day by day. The Production
manager is blaming marketing department whereas marketing is blaming production department for not maintaining
the quality. Finance department is blaming the both.
(a) What aspect of management do you think is lacking in the above situation.
(b) Give the importance of that concept.
Question 32.Rahul is planning to launch a new line of products in 2 years time. However at present he has reduced its
prices by 10% to retain its existing customers. What are the 2 main objectives he is focusing at? Give reason.
Question 33.After every three months, Mr. Ramakant offers new schemes to its distributors. He tries to bring in changes
keeping in mind the needs of a customer and offers from his competitors. This gives him an edge over his competitors.
Identify the characteristic of management in above situation? Explain it briefly.
Question 34.Toys & toys Ltd. received a new order of 10,000 toys to be delivered in15 days, failing which the contract
will be null and avoid. To complete this, Mr. Pankaj, production manager planned to outsource the production and
deliver the order on time. The outsourcing of production results in increase in cost by 30%. Do you think the production
manager performed his duties effectively and efficiently? Give reasons.
Question 35.Gemini Circus is organizing shows internationally for the last thirty years. Their shows have been successful
across the globe. Of late, their shows are not as popular as they were in the past. After analyzing, they are thinking of
bringing necessary changes in their shows to gain popularity.
(a) Identify which characteristics of management is reflected in above situation? Give reasons.
(b) Which function of management is indicated here?
Question 36.Ford Motors aims to produce and sell 1,50,000 cars in 2014. To achieve this target the production
department strives for timely production and sales department takes all possible steps to sell them. Due to combined
efforts of all the departments, company can achieve its target.
(a) Which importance of management is highlighted here? Explain any two other significances of management.
(b) Which other aspect of management helps in achieving goal in Ford Motors.

Question 37.“Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing and controlling” is the sequence of functions in a process. Name it.
(1 Mark)
Question 38. Name that intangible force which creates productive relationships among resources of an organization.
(1 Mark)
Question 39.What is the main objective of any organization? ( 1 Mark)
Question 40. . Production manager tries to produce goods with minimum costs. Name the concept which is being
focused by management?(1mark)
Question 41. What do you mean by effectiveness?(1 Mark)
Question 42. "Management is a group activity". Give reasons for statement.(1 Mark)
Question 43. . In order to be successful, an organization must change its according to the needs of the environment.
Which characteristic of management is highlighted in the statement?(1 Mark)
Question 44. . Give one designation each of top and middle level management?(1 Mark)
Question 45. Your Grand Father has retired as the director of a manufacturing company. At what level of management
was he working.(1 Mark)
Question 46. Why is management called inexact science?(1 Mark)
Question 47. Explain the meaning of management with an appropriate example. What do you mean by managers? (3
Marks)
Question 48. ‘Management is a process’ Explain?(2 Marks)
Question 49. ‘Management is multi-dimensional’. Explain?(3 Marks)
Question 50. What are the personal objectives of the management?(3-4 Marks)
Question 51. Enumerate the importance of management(3-4 Marks)
Question 52. What do you mean by level of management and all level of management? (4Marks)
Question 53. Define co-ordination. Enumerate the features of co-ordination? (3-4 Marks)
Question 54. Explain any five features of management? (5 Marks)
Question 55. Explain the organizational objectives of management. (3+3 Marks)
Question 56. Explain the six 'social objectives' of management. (6 Marks)
Question 57. What do you mean by' Personal Objectives' of management? Enumerate personal objectives of
management. (2+4 Marks)
Question 58. Explain five functions of top-management. (5 Marks)
Question 59. Name any two designations given to first line managers. (1)
Question 60. Which force binds all other functions of management? (1)
Question 61. What do you mean by Management Hierarchy? (1)
Question 62. Identify the nature of management when it is practiced as personal application of existing knowledge to
achieve desired results. (1)
Question 63.The Activities involved in managing an enterprise are common to all organizations whether economic, social
or political. Which characteristics of management is highlighted by this statement ?
Ans: Management is pervasive
Question 64. Policy formation is the function of which level of management?
Ans: Top Level
Question 65. In order to be successful an organization must change its goals according to the need of the environment.
Which characteristic of management in highlighted in the statement?
Ans: Management is dynamic function.
Question 66. To meet the objectives of the firm the management of Angora Ltd. Offer employment to physically
challenged persons . Identity the organisational objective it is trying to achieve.
Ans: Social objective
Question 67. Management of any organization strives to attain different objectives Enumerate any two such objectives?
Ans: a) Profit
b) Survival.
Question 68. Who are considered as Operative managers?
Ans: Supervisors and Foremen.
Question 69.“Management is considered to be a three-tier machinery”. Why?
Ans: Because of three levels in the management hierarchy-Top, Middle & operational.
Question 70. Name the process by which a manager synchronizes the activities of different departments.
Ans: Coordination.
Question 71.How is entry to a profession restricted?

Ans: The entry to a profession is restricted through an examination or through acquiring an educational degree.
Question 72.State any two points which prove that management is multi-dimensional?
Ans: a) Management of work
b) Management of people.
Question 73An achievement of which organizational objectives results in “an increase in sales volume, increase in
number of employees, no of products ,and increase in capital investment’
Ans: objective of growth
Question 74. Management is based on personalized application of knowledge it varies from person to person” which
nature of management is signified by it?
Ans: management is an art
Question 75. The authority responsibility relationship that binds individuals as superiors and subordinates in an
organization, gives rise to what?
Ans: levels of management.
Question 76. If an organization derives more benefits even after using less resources it’s a result of what?
Ans: efficiency
Question 77.A company’s target production is 5000 units in a year , to achieve this target the manager has to operate in
double shifts due to power failure.The manager is able to meet the target but at a higher production cost. Is the manager
efficient or effective?
Ans he is effective but not efficient
Question 78. “ managers in India do the same work as managers in usa or japan or Germany” which characteristic of
management is highlighted by it?
Ans: management is all pervasive
Question 79. “a collection of diverse individuals with different needs but working towards fulfilling the common
organizational goals” this statement highlights which characteristic of management?
Ans: management is a group activity
Question 80. Discrepancies between actual and realized activities are taken care at which stage
Ans: controlling
Question 81. ABC ltd. is facing a lot of problem these days. The company’s profit margin is declining day-by-day. The
production manager is blaming marketing management whereas marketing is blaming production department for not
maintaining the quality. Finance department is blaming both. What quality of management do you think is
lacking.Explain it briefly.
Ans: the quality which is lacking in the above case is “co-ordination”. The manager is able to execute all the function but
he is unable to co-ordinate these function of manager. co-ordination is the essence of management. (addition : meaning/
definition of co-ordination)
Question 82. your father has retired as a purchase manager of a company. At what level of management was he
working? What function do you think he was performing at the level of management.
Ans: middle level of management explain three function of middle level of management.
Question 83. Rajat’s father was working as a foremen in a textile factory at what level of management is he working
explain in brief his functions?
Ans: he is working at operatory level of management his functions are :
1. to prepare plans regarding their work and make distribution of work.
2. representing the worker grievance before the management.
3. ensuring adequate lighting, ventilation, odorless in the working area.
4. looking after safety of workers.
5. helping the management in selection, training, placement & promotion of workers.
6. welcoming suggestion forms workers for better working practices.
Question 84. A company manufacturing mobiles is facing the problem of decreasing sales in the market. You can
imagine any product about which you are familiar. What decisions/ steps should each level of management take to give
effect to this decision.
Ans: modernization of product is needed to increase it shares in the market.
Hence to modernize the product each level should work as follows
1. top level management –
i) they must plan to add some new features in there mobiles.
ii) They must organize and assemble necessary resources.
iii) They must co-ordinate the efforts of al he department towards modernization
2. middle level management i) they must implement the plans made the plans made by top level in their respective
departments.
ii) They must interpretate the plans to their subordinates.
iii) They must select effective and efficient employers to perform the task.
iv) They should try to use available resources in best possible manner & should try to minimize the cost of product.
3 . lower/supervisory level i) they must assign the task according to efficiency & qualification of employees.
ii) they must maintain the quality of work and reduce the wastage.
iii) they must make efforts to improve the loyalty of workers.
Question 85. Without effective management the resources will remain as resources
cannot be converted into productive utilities. “do you agree” ? give reason.
OR
“success of an organization largely depends upon its management.” Explain

any five reasons to justify the above statement.
Ans: success of an organization largely depends upon its management because
of the following reasons:-
(a) helps in achieving group goals
(b) increase efficiency
(c) creates a dynamic organization
(d) help in achieving personal objective of organization
(e) helps in development of society.
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

Q. 1. Rama clothes ltd.’s target is to produce 20,000 shirts per month at a cost of Rs.500/- per shirt. The production
manager achieved the target at a cost of Rs. 450/- Per shirt. In this case manager is:-
A)Efficient B)Effective C)Either A And B D)Both A And B
Q. 2. One of the objectives of management is to consistently create economic value for various constituents of the
society. This Objective is :-
A)Organisational B)Social C)Official (D)None of the above
Q. 3. Mulchandani Ltd. Is giving employment to the disadvantaged sections of the society. This case is an example of:-
A)Commercial Objective B)Development Objective
C)Social Objective D)Personal Objective
Q. 4.Jahanvi Cosmetics Ltd. Is using environmental friendly technique to produce It’s cosmetics. This case is example
of:-
A)Organisational Objective B)Development Objective
C)Social Objective D)Personal Objective
Q. 5. Which one of the following is a feature of profession satisfied by management.
A) Well Defined Body Of Knowledge B)Restricted Entry
C)Professional Association D)Ethical Code Of Conduct
Q. 6. At ________ level of management, the managers are responsible for the welfare and survival of the
organization?
A)Top Level B)Middle Lvel C) Supervisory Level D)Lower Level
Q. 7. Managers at the top level spend more time in performing this function. This function is:-
A) Cheaking Reports B)Motivating Supervisory Level
C) Selecting best employees for business D)Planning
Q. 8.Rakesh is working as regional manager in MTR ltd. Rakesh is working at which level of management:-
A)Lower Level B)Top Level C)Middle Level D)Supervisory Level
Q. 9. Name the level at which the managers are responsible for the implementing and controlling the plans and
maintaining the quality of output.
A)Top Level B)Middle Level C)Supervisory Level D) None of the given options
Q. 10. Mehwish is General Manager in Sanya Ltd. So, she is working at Which level of management:-
A)Top Level B)Lower level C)Middle Level D)Not comes under any level
Q. 11. Mr. Kalam is interacting with actual work force of the business. Mr. Kalam is working at Which level of
management:-
A)Middle Level B)Lower Level C)Top Level D)None of the above options

Q. 12. “Motivating employees and giving instructions to them to perform the tasks assigned to them”. This Statement
is stating the meaning of :-
A)Planning B)Organising C)Directing D)Motivation
Q. 13. “Recruitment and selection of the personnel”. This Statement is stating the meaning of :-
A)Planning B)Staffing C)Directing D)Motivation
Q. 14. “Finding out deficiency in implementation of plans”. This Statement is stating the meaning of :-
A)Controlling B)Staffing C)Directing D)Motivation
Q. 15. “Preparing a blueprint for the future”. This Statement is stating the meaning of :-
A)Planning B)Staffing C)Directing D)Motivation
Q. 16. “Process of defining and grouping activities of an enterprise to establish authority relationship”. This Statement
is stating the meaning of :-
A)Planning B)Staffing C)Organising D)Motivation
Q. 17.Name the process that synchronises the activities of different departments”.: -
A)Staffing B)Supervision C)Co-ordination D)Motivation
Q. 18. Identify the needs of the coordination from following options:-
A)Growth in size B)Functional Differentiation
C)Either A or B D)Both A and B
Q. 19. The following is not an objective of management.
A)Earning Profits B)Creating Employment
C)Satisfying diverse needs of employees D)Planning And Organising
Q. 20. Growth of business can be measured by:-
A)Increase in sales volume B)Increase in number of product produced
C)Increase in capital Investment D)All of the above
Q. 21. Cordination is:-
A)Function of management B)An objective of management
C)The Essence of management D)None Of the above
Q. 22. Which of the following Is not characteristic of science:-
A)Systematised body of knowledge B)Based on experimentation and observation
C)Universal Validity D)Ethical Code Of Conduct
Q. 23. To Observe the efforts of the workforce is the function of:-

A)Operational or supervisory management B)Top Level Management
C)Middle Level Management D)None of the above
Q. 24. __________Level of managers are responsible for the welfare and survival of the organisation.
A)top Level Managers B)Lower Level Managers C)Middle Level Managers D)None of the above
Q. 25. “This is the force that binds all the functions of management”. This statement states the meaning of :-
A)Planning B)Co-ordination C)Organising D)Directing
Q. 26.Management as a process relates to _________ of management.
a)Objectives B)Functions C)Coordination D)None of the above
Q. 27. “This is an intangible force which creates productive relationship among resources”. This statement states the
meaning of :-
A)Planning B)Co-ordination C)Organising D)Management
Q. 28. Management is a _______Force.
A)Combined B)Natural C)Universal D)Intengible
Q. 29.Management is _________Science.
A)Soft science B)Hard C)Rigid D)None of Above
Q. 30. Management is __________Arts.
A)Pure B)Open C)Rigid D)None of the Above
Q. 31.Managers at which Level spend more time in planning and organising than middle level management.
A)Lower Level B)Top Level C)Upper Middle Level D)Supervisory Level
Q. 32. “Management is both art and science”. This statement is:-
A)True B)False C)Can’t say D)None of the above
Q. 33. This is the responsibility of all the managers:-
A)Planning B)Controlling C)Following Plans D)Co-ordination
Q. 34.Planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling is the sequence of functions in the process of:-
A)Co-ordination B)Supervision C)Management D)None of the above.
Q. 35.Production management of Kallu Ltd. Tries to produce goods with minimum cost. Name the concept which is
being focussed by management.
A)Efficiency B)Effective C)Either A or B D)Both A and B
Q. 36. “Management is science like physics or chemistry”.This statement is
A)True B)False C)Partially True D)Partially false

Q. 37. Jigyasa ltd. Is generating the employment for the backward villages nearby it’s company And also introducing
new products according to the needs of the consumers to satisfy their psychological needs because of introducing new
products their sales is increasing day by day. Identify the objective of management highlighted in this case.
A)Social Objective B)Personal Objective
C)Organisational Objective D)Both A and C
Q. 38. Mr. Santosh is working as a foreman in a factory of Anna Ltd. And he is also holding 10% shares in Anna Ltd.
Identify at which level he is working?
A)Top Level B)Lower Level C)Middle Level D)None of the above
Q. 39. Identify the nature of management when it is practised as personalised application of existing knowledge to
achieve desired results.
A)Management is an art B)Management is Science
C)Management Is profession D)None of the above
Q. 40. Which one of the following is not a function of management:-
A)Planning B)Staffing C)Cooperating D)Controlling
Q. 41. Management is:-
A)An Art B)A Science C)Both A and B D)Neither A Nor B
Q. 42. The following is not an objective of management:-
A)Earning Profits B)Growth of the organisation
C)Providing employment D)Policy Making
Q. 43. Policy formulation is function of: -
A)Top level managers B)Middle level managers
C)Operational Managers D)All of the above
Q. 44. Ritu is the manager of the northern division of large corporate house. At what Level does she works in the
organisation:-
A)Top level management B)Middle Level Management
C)Supervisory level of management D)Not comes under any level of management
Q. 45. Mr. Raman is an CA in Chanakya ltd. So his level of management is :-
A)Top Level B)Middle Level
C)Supervisory Level D)Not comes under any level of management
Q. 46. Management considered as multi- faceted concept because it is:-
A)All Pervasive B)Rigid C)Multidimensional D)Conceptual
Q. 47. “Management is full fledged profession”. This statement is:-

A)True B)False C)Partially True D)Partially false
Q. 48.Management helps In achieving __________ goals:-
A)Group B)Individual’s C)Either A and B D)Both A And B
Q. 49. Management helps in achieving goals ______________
A)Perfectly B)Desirably C)Effectively and efficiently D)Effective and efficient
Q. 50. Management is series of continuous _______________ Function:-
A)interrelated B)Interdependent
C) Interrelated and Interdependent D)None of the above
Q. 51. A Company wants to modify its existing product in the market due to decreasing sales. The appropriate steps
for success of this modification should be taken by __________ levels of management:-
A)Top or middle levels of management B)Middle or lower levels of management
C)Top or lower levels of management D)All levels of management
Q. 52. Smart industry is able to achieve the target production of 5000 units within the prescribed period. However, to
achieve the target on time, additional cost Rs.40000 were paid as overtime wages to the employees. The smart
industry is :-
A)Efficient B)Effective C)Either A or B D)Both A and B
Q. 53. Sachin determines the overall objective and strategies for the organisation. He is also interacts with business
environment to analyse its implications. Managerial level at which sachin is working is:-
A)Top Level B)Middle Level C)Supervisory Level D)Not comes under any level of management
Q. 54. Mr. Aditya birla is responsible for framing plans and policies of M/s evershine industry. Mr. Aditya Birla is
working at:-
A)Top Level B)Middle Level C)Supervisory Level D)Not comes under any level of management
Q. 55. “A business needs to add to its prospectus in the long run”. The organisational objective highlighted in this case
is:-
A)Organisational B)Official C)Social D)Personal
Q. 56. Which is not an organisational/economic objective of management out of the following?

A)Providing employment B) Survival of the organisation
C Earning Profits D) Growth of the organisation
Q. 57.Policy formulation is the function of:

A)Operational managers B) All of the above C) Top level managers D) Middle level managers
Q. 58. A good manager synchronises all the activities of different departments through the process:
A)Coordination B)Planning C)Supervision D)Staffing
Q. 59.Under which function of management, policies and strategies are formulated?

A) Directing B) Controlling C) Organising D) Planning
Q. 60.Efficiency is concerned with:
A)Cooperation B)Completion of task
C)Right man at right job D)Utilisation of minimum resources
Q. 61. Middle level management consists of :
A)President B)Supervisor C)Finance Manager D)Chairman
Q. 62. Who is responsible for the welfare and survival of an organisation?
A) Top Level Management B) Middle level Management
C) Operational Management D) None of these
Q. 63.Which of the following is not included in Top Level Management?
A)Board of Directors B) Accountant
C) Managing Director D) Chief Executive officer
Q. 64.Planning is concerned with specially ________
A)None of these B)Manpower Planning
C)Management in Action D)Formulation of Policies and Strategies
Q. 65._____________ Aims to help each other
A)Coordination B)Staffing C)Cooperation D)Planning
Q. 66.Marketing and Personnel Managers are part of _____________
A)None of these B)Operational Level Management
C)Top Level Management D)Middle Level Management
Q. 67.The work performed by Top Level Management is ______________
A)Concerned with control of operative employees B)Easy
C)Complex and Stressful D)Oversee the efforts of workforce
Q.68. Mukesh has limited authority and responsibility and interacts with the actual work force. Mukesh is working at:-
Q.69. In X Ltd., the purchase department purchased 10 tonnes of raw material for the production department.
However, the production department needed just 7 tonnes. Due to this reason, goods were over produced and were
not accepted by sales department. As result, some goods remained unsold. Which aspect of lacking is this case is:-
A)Coordination B)Cooperation C)Organizing D)None of the above

Q.70. “Management is open to all and any person can be appointed as manager”. This statement is valid due to Non
following a feature of profession by management .This feature is:-
A)Code of conduct B)Professional Association C)Restricted Entry D)None of the above
Q.71. Dinesh is a superintendent in care India Group pvt. Ltd. And harish is working as plant superintendent in the
same company. Identify there level of management from following options :-
A)Dinesh In Middle Level And harish in lower level B)Dinesh in lower level and harish in middle level
C)Harish and dinesh at lower level D)Harish and dinesh at higher level
Q.72.In the first year of operation, the revenues generated by max industries from sale of its products are just
sufficient to cover the cost of production. Which organisational objective is met in the given Case:-
A)Survival B)Growth C)Profit D)None of the above
Q.73. XYZ group of companies decided to donate 2% of its sales to ‘child rights and you (CRY)’ for Improving the
condition of the children in India. This initiative by the company was highly appreciated by the public and their sales
increased by 10%. Identify the objective depicted in the given case:-
A) Social objective B)Economical Objective C)Both A and B D)Either A Or B
Q.74. Alpine Automobiles aims to produce and sell 2,00,000 cars in 2018. To achieve this objective, the production
department strives for timely production and sales department takes all possible steps to sell them. Due to combined
efforts of all the departments, The company is able to achieve its target. Which significance of management is
highlighted In this case :-
A)Helps in achieving group goals B)Increases efficiency
C)Creates a dynamic Organisation D)None of the above
Q.75. “Success of a manager depend on the manner in which he practices the conceptual knowledge of management
in combination with his own skills”. What nature of management is indicated in this statement?
A)Management is an Arts B)Management is science C)Management is profession D)None of the above
Q.76. “Management is skillful and personal application of existing knowledge to achieve desired results”. What
nature of management is indicated in this statement?
A)Management is an Arts B)Management is science C)Management is profession D)None of the above
Q.77. “Management helps to implement new changes in the organisation”. Which importance of management is
highlighted in the given case:-
A)Helps in achieving group goals B)Increases efficiency
C)Creates a dynamic Organisation D)None of the above
Q.78.Mr. Tanbir is responsible for assigning work to employees and representing their grievances to Mr.
Deepak(Tanbir’s Boss). Identify the managerial levels at which tanbir is working :-

Q.79. “In an organisation, the objective of marketing department is to increase sales by 10% by offering discounts.
However, the finance department is reluctant to offer discount as it means loss of revenues”. One of the importance of
coordination helps to resolve this conflict is :-
A)Functional Differentiation B)Growth in size C)Specialisation D)None of the above
Q.80. Successful organisation do not achieve their goals by chances. Rather, they have to follow a process.”This
process Is:-
A)Planning B)Management C)Organising D)Staffing
Q.81.A company has achieved target of selling 70000 units of their product but they have crossed the limit of the fund
of the advertisement expenditure. Company is :-
A)Efficient B)Effective C)Either A And B D)Both A And B
Q.82. Management increases efficiency by:-
A)Selecting best personnel for management B)By using Best methods of Production
C)By decreasing unnecessary wastage D)All of the above
Q.83. Management is _________ science:-
A)Soft B)Inexact C)Both A and B D)Either A or B
Q.83. “ A manager applies the theories and principle of management in his own manner”. This statement state which
nature of management:-
A)An Art B)A Science C)Profession D)None of the above
Q.84. Which level of management determines the long term objective of business:-
A)Top Level B)Middle Level C)Supervisory Level D)None of the above
Q.85. ____________________Of management act as a link between two other level of management:-
Q. 86.______________Of management is responsible for making budget for sales expenditure for a particular
department under the sales manager:-
Q.87. A company is facing a problem of overproduction due to wrong sales estimates given by the sales department.
Which quality of management is lacking in this case?
A)Cooperation B)Coordination C)Planning D)None of the above
Q.88.Identify the nature of management when it is said to be a systematized body of knowledge that explains certain
general rules :-
Management is an arts B)Management is science C)Management is profession D)None Of the above
Q.89. “Coordination is a separate function of management”. This statement is :-
A)True B)False C)Partially True D)Partially False

Q.90. “Coordination is the responsibility of top level management only”. This statement is :-
A)True B)False C)Partially True D)Partially False
Q.91. _________ level of management is responsible for maintaining quality of output and the safety standards.
A)Middle B)Supervisory C)Top D)None of the above
Q.92. Coordination Insures :-
A)Quality of product B)Unity of Actions C)Both A and B D)Either A or B
Q.93. Csl Ltd. Is Creating provisions for PF(Provident funds). Which objective of management is being highlighted in
this case:-
A)Social B)Personal C)Organisational D)None of the above
Q.94. “COO” Stands For:-
A)Chief Operational Officer B)Chief Observing Officer C)Chief Operating Officer D)None of the above
Q.95. “IIM” Stands For:-
A)Indian institute of managers B)Institute of Indian Managers
C)Indian Institute of Management D)Institute of Indian Management
Q.96.Monitoring function is :-
A)Staffing B)Controlling C)Organising D)Leadership
Q.97. “Division of activities and creation of organisational structure” is defining ______function of management.
A)Staffing B)Controlling C)Organising D)Leadership
Q.98. Manpower planning is defining ________function of management.
A)Staffing B)Controlling C)Organising D)Planning
Q.99.Level of management shows the :-
A) Allocation of Authority among the managers B) Setting responsibility for managers
C)Both A and B D)Neither A Nor B
Q.100. “CFO” stands for:-
A)Chief Financial officer B)Chief Finance officer C)Chief Functional Officer D)None of above

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Kartik Sir TRISHA COACHING CLASSES 9718017513, 9711425157

TRISHA COACHING CLASSES (TCC)

SHORT NOTES ONLY FOR REVISION

2,Social Objectives. For example:

3,Personal Objectives. For example:

1. Management helps in achieving group goals.

2. Management increases efficiency of the employees.

3. Management creates a dynamic organization.

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5. Management helps in the development of society.

3. Management is multidimensional as it involves three dimensions namely:

Managment as a process contains a series of interrelated and interdependent functions namely,

1. Planning relates to determining in advance what is to be done and who is to do it.

5. Controlling is the management function of ensuring that events conform to plans.

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Middle Level of Management

Functions of Middle level of management

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Lower level of management

1. They oversee the efforts of the workforce.

Functions of Levels of Management

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Features of Art / Evaluation of Features of Science / Evaluation of Features of Profession / Evaluation of

1.Existence of theoretical 1.Systematized body of

2.Personalized application: Management 2. Principles based on experimentation: Like 2. Restricted entry: Unlike other professions,

3. Universal validity: Unlike the scientific 3. Professional association: Several management

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1. It integrates group efforts into purposeful work activity.

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PPT For Chapter 1st

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