March 16, 1521
Pigafetta reported that they reach the island of
Zamal, now Samar, but Magellan decided to
land in another uninhabited island for greater
security where they could rest for a few days.
After two days, March 18, nine men came to
them and show joy and eagerness in seeing
them and welcomed them with food, drinks,
and gifts.
The natives gave them:
Fish
Palm wine ( uraca) in their language
2 cochos
Figs
Rice (umai)
cocos
Pigafetta described what seemed like a
coconut.
“This palm produces a fruit names cocho,which
is large as the head, or thereabouts: itsrst husk
is green, and two ngers inthickness, in it they
nd certain threads, withwhich they make the
cords for fastening theirboats. Under this husks
there is another veryhard, and thicker than that
of a walnut. Theyburned this second rind, and
make with it apowder which is useful to them.
Under this rindthere is a white marrow of a
ngers thickness,which they eat fresh with meat
and sh, as wedo bread, and it has the taste of
almond, and ifanyone dried it he might make
bread of it.
“very familiar and friendly”
(ZULUAM)- palce where they dwelt
Willingly showed them different islands and the
names of this islands.
The place they satyed at is called Humunu
Island(Homonhon) (Watering Place of
GoodSigns) where they found the firrst signs of
gold in the island.
They named the nearby islands as the
Archipelago of St.Lazarus because they stayed
there on the day and feast of St. Lazarus
March 25 they changed course and in 28, they
anchored at an island where a boat called
BOLOTO approached the ship but were scared
and Magellan seeing that waved the RED CAP
and after they returned with two long boats
called
ballanghai
(balangay)
A long boat full of people in Mazzava/Mazaua.
The leader (king) (Raia Siagu) sent his men to
the ship of Magellan and was entertained so the
king ordered to give Magellan a bar of gold and
chest of ginger, Magellan declined. Instead,
Magellan asked for money for the needs of his
ships. The king responded by giving them the
needed provisions and food in chinaware.
Magellan exchanged gifts of robes in Turkish
fashions, red cap, knives and mirrors.
The two men expressed their desire to become
brothers.
Magellan also boasted of his men in an armor
who could not struck with swords and daggers.
The king was fascinated and remarked that men
in such armor could be worth one hundred of
his men.
Magellan showed other weapons, helmets and
artilleries. He also shared his charts and maps
and how they found the islands.
Magellan was introduced to the king’sbrother
who was also king of another island.
They went to this island and they saw mines of
gold.
The gold was abundant that the parts of the
ship and the house of the second king were
made of gold.
Raia Calambu, King of Zuluan and Raia Siani ,
King of Calagan
Pigafetta described him as the most handsome
of all men that he saw in this place.
He was adorned with sick and golden accecories
like golden dagger, which he carried with him in
a wooden polished sheath.

March 31 (Easter Sunday)
Magellan ordered the chaplain to preside a
Mass by the shore.
The king sent two dead pigs and attended the
Mass with the other king.“…when the offertory
of the mass came, the two kings, went to kiss
the cross like us, but they offered nothing, and
at the elevation of the body of our Lord they
were kneeling like us, and adored our Lord with
joined hands.”
After the Mass, Magellan ordered that the cross
be brought with nails and crowned in place.
Magellan explained that the cross, the nail, and
the crown were the signs of his emperor and
that he was ordered to plant it in the places
that he would reach and the cross would be
beneficial for their people because once the
Spaniards saw this cross, then they would know
that they had been in this land and would not
cause them troubles, and any person who might
be held captives by them would be released.
*Asked also if they have enemies*
April 7 1521
Magellan and his men reached the port of
ZZUBU (Cebu), the largest and the richest of the
islands with the helped of Raia Calambu.
The king of Cebu (Rajah Humabon)demanded
that they pay tribute as it was customary but
Magellan refused
Magellan said that he was the captain himself
and thus would not pay tribute to the other
king.
Magellan’s interpreter explained to the king of
Cebu that Magellan’s king was the emperor of
the great empire and that it would do them
better to make friends with them than to forge
enmity.
The king consulted his council and the next day,
they met in an open space and the king ordered
a bit of his blood demanded that Magellan do
the same.
“Then the king said that he was content, and as
a greater sign of affection he sent him a little of
his blood from his right arm, and wish he should
do the like. Our people answered that he would
do it. Besides that, he said that all the captains
April 14
The people gathered with the king and other
principal men of the island.
Magellan spoke and encouraged the king to be
a good Christian by burning all the idols and
worship the cross instead.
The king of Cebu was baptized as Christians.
“To that the king and all his people answered
that thy would obey the commands of the
captain and do all that he told them. The
captain took the king by the hand, and they
walk about on the scaffolding, and when he was
baptized, he said that he would name him Don
Charles (Carlos), as the emperor his sovereign
was named: and he named the Prince Don
Fernand (Fernando), after the brother of the
emperor, and the king of Mazavva Jehan: to the
Moor he gave the name of Christopher, and to
the others each a name of his fancy.”.
After eight days, all of the island’s inhabitant
were already baptized.
Pigafetta admitted that they burned a village
down for obeying neither the king nor
Magellan.
The Mass was conducted by the shore every
day.
When the queen (Hara Amihan) came to the
Mass one day, Magellan gave her an Image of
the Infant Jesus made by Pigafetta himself.
“ When we reached land we found theislanders
fteen hundred in number,drawn up in three
squadrons; they camedown upon us with
terrible shouts, twosquadrons attacking us on
the anks,and the third in front. The captain
thendivided his men in two bands.
Ourmusketeers and crossbow-men red forhalf
an hour from a distance, but didnothing, since
the bullets and arrows,though they passed
through their shieldsmade of thin wood, and
perhapswounded their arms, yet did not
stopthem.
The captain shouted not to firere, but he was
not listened to. The islanders seeing that the
shots of our guns did them little or no harm
would not retire, but shouted more loudly, and
springing from one side to the other to avoid
our shots, they at the same time drew nearer to
us, throwing arrows, javelins, spears hardened
in re, stones and even mud, so that we could
hardly defend ourselves. Some of them cast
lances pointed with iron at the captain-
general.”
Magellan died in the battle.
The natives perceiving that the bodies of the
enemies were protected with armors, aimed for
their legs instead.
Magellan was pierced with a poisoned arrow in
his right leg.
A few of their men charges at the natives and
tried to intimidate them by burning an entire
village but this only enraged the natives further.
Magellan was specifically targeted because the
native knew he was the captain general.
Magellan was hit with a lance in theface.
Magellan retaliated and pierced the same
native with his lance in the breast and tried to
draw his sword but could not lift it because of
his wounded arms. One native with a great
sword delivered a blow in Magellan’s left leg,
brought him face down and the natives
ceaselessly attacked Magellan with lances,
swords and even their bare hands.
“Whilst the Indians were thus overpowering
him, several times he turned round towards us
to see if we were all in safety, as though his
obstinate fight had no other object than to give
an opportunity for the retreat of his men.”
(27th of April)
- Death of 8 men, 4 indians and
wounded like pigafetta
- Enemy lost only 15
The king of Cebu who was baptized could have
sent help but Magellan instructed him not to
join the battle and stay in the
Balangay so that he would see how they fought.
The king ordered the people of Mactan’s gifts of
any value and amount in exchange of
Magellan’s body but the chief refused. They
wanted to keep Magellan’s body as a moment
of their victory.
Duarte Barbosa is elected as the new captain.
Henry, Magellan’s slave and interpreter
betrayed them and told the king of Cebu that
they intended to leave as quickly as possible.
The slave allegedly told the king that if he
followed his advice, the king would acquire the
ships and the goods of Magellan’s fleet.
The two conspired and betrayed what was left
of Magellan’s men.
The king invited these men to a gathering
where he said he would present the jewels that
he would send for the King of Spain.
Twenty-four men attended while Pigafetta was
not able to joined because he was nursing his
battle wounds.
The natives had slain all the men except the
interpreter and Juan Serrano who was already
wounded.
The feet departed and abandoned Serrano.
They left Cebu and continued their journey
around the world.
September 8, 1522
Victoria, the only ship Survived, finally
arrived at Seville. Thus, ending the
Magallanes-Elcano expedition\
From the original ships set to sail( San Antonio,
Concepcion, Victoria, Trinidad and Santiago)
only Victoria returned to Spain.
And from the original 237 men only 18 men
survived.

Europe
contextwould reveal that spices were scarce
inEurope.\

It is important to know these things (our

origin) because we can understand our
own identity, we can learn to preserve our
culture and can correct the mistakes that
happened in the past.

December 21 -Saturday
- day of St. Tomas the Apostle
- the King of Tadore brought us the two
pilots, whom we had already paid, to
conduct us out of these islands.
- Waited letters from those who cannot
sail
Juan Carvalho
- remained at Tadore with 53 of our men:
we were 47 Europeans and thirteen
Indians.