Project LV Side of Transformer

Title Setting Calculation For High Impedance REF With Siemens - 7SR242 Relay

1.0 Objective
This document is intended to calculate the "Stabilizing Resistor" and to investigate requirement of Varistor and "Metrosil" for High Impedance relays
used in REF Circuit.

2.0 Transformer Details

Transformer Rating : 31.5 MVA

Voltage Rating : Star Side : 11 KV

Current Rating : Star Side : 1653 Ampere

% Impedance : 11.70 %

Through Fault Currentof Transformer (Issc) : 14131 Ampere Issc

3.0 CT Details
CT Primary Nominal Current : 2000 Ampere Ip

CT Secondary Nominal Current : 1 Ampere Is

Internal Burden of CT : 10 W Rct

Knee Point Voltage : 200 Volt Vk

Magnetising Current of CT : 30 mA Im @ Vk
Turn Ratio : 0.00050 T

4.0 Cable burden Calculation

The cable burden is calculated by the single length, the cross section, the specific resistivity for copper and an effective factor (Kwire) for the wire
length. This factor kwire is 2 if the return wire is to be considered.

Wire Length in Meter : 80 Meter Iwire

Cross Section Area of Wire : 2.5 Sq. mm. Awire
Specific Resistivity of Wire : 1.72E-08 r
Calculated Resistance of Wire : 1.10 W Rwire = (Kwire X r X Iwire) / Awire

5.0 Calculation of Stability Voltage

Stability Voltage (Vs) = (Issc X (Is/Ip)) X (Rct + Rwire)
= 78.4 Volt 156.869458486087

Vs <= Vk/2
Vs <= 200/2

Vs <= 100 \ CT Knee Point Voltage is OK

REF, Knee Point Voltage, Stablising Resistor Metrosil

Oasis Techno Engineers Pvt. Ltd. 06 MVA Transformer
Page 1 of 6
 Project LV Side of Transformer

Title Setting Calculation For High Impedance REF With Siemens - 7SR242 Relay

6.0 Calculation of Relay Setting

Typically Primary Operated Current (POC) : 10% to 25% of Rated current

POC -- Range : 165A 413A

Considered Primary Out of Balance Current (POC) : 289 Ampere POC

Calculated Relay Setting (Is) : 0.05 Ampere Is = (POC x T) - (3 x Im)

7.0 Calculation of Stabilizing Resistor

The proper value of stabilizing Resistor Rstab is required to ensure stability during through-faults and is calculated by using the stability voltage and
the pickup current setting of the relay Is
Burden of REF Relay : 0.3 VA Rburden (From Relay Data Sheet)

Stabilizing Resistor : 1334.32 W Rstab= (Vs/Is) - ((Rburden)/ (Is^2))

Power Rating of Stabilizing Resistor : 4.61 W Pstab = (Vs)^2 / (Rstab)

8.0 Metrosil Calcualtion

In some applications of high impedance relays for protection and control duties, the maximum internal fault current can develop high voltages that
can damage the relay insulation.

A range of Metrosil non-linear resistors, mainly based on 75 mm diameter discs, has been developed to limit this voltage to a safe level.

Correct Metrosil selection ensures that the best protection is obtained while maintaining a Metrosil leakage current low enough to have negligible
effect on the accuracy of the relay at its maximum setting voltage.

The Metrosil chosen depends on the relay setting voltage and the maximum secondary internal fault current. Single disc Metrosils are suitable for
secondary internal fault currents up to 50A rms. Metrosils with multiple discs connected in parallel are used for larger fault currents.

9.0 Summary of Results

Designed Knee Point of CT : 200 Volt is OK as per Stablising Voltage

Proposed REF Setting : 0.05 Ampere Secondary

Stabilizing Resistor : 1334 Ohm & 5 Watt - Contineous

Metrosil Details : Single Metrosil Disc Units;

Diameter : 75 mm;

Constant C : 450;
Short Time Power Rating : 5303 Watt;

REF, Knee Point Voltage, Stablising Resistor Metrosil

Oasis Techno Engineers Pvt. Ltd. 06 MVA Transformer
Page 2 of 6
 Project HV Side of Transformer

Title Setting Calculation For High Impedance REF With Siemens - 7SR242 Relay

1.0 Objective
This document is intended to calculate the "Stabilizing Resistor" and to investigate requirement of Varistor and "Metrosil" for High Impedance relays
used in REF Circuit.

2.0 Transformer Details

Transformer Rating : 31.5 MVA

Voltage Rating : Star Side : 66 KV

Current Rating : Star Side : 276 Ampere

% Impedance : 11.70 %

Through Fault Currentof Transformer (Issc) : 2355 Ampere Issc

3.0 CT Details
CT Primary Nominal Current : 300 Ampere Ip

CT Secondary Nominal Current : 1 Ampere Is

Internal Burden of CT : 1.6 W Rct

Knee Point Voltage : 224 Volt Vk

Magnetising Current of CT : 30 mA Im @ Vk
Turn Ratio : 0.00333 T

4.0 Cable burden Calculation

The cable burden is calculated by the single length, the cross section, the specific resistivity for copper and an effective factor (Kwire) for the wire
length. This factor kwire is 2 if the return wire is to be considered.

Wire Length in Meter : 80 Meter Iwire

Cross Section Area of Wire : 2.5 Sq. mm. Awire
Specific Resistivity of Wire : 1.72E-08 r
Calculated Resistance of Wire : 1.10 W Rwire = (Kwire X r X Iwire) / Awire

5.0 Calculation of Stability Voltage

Stability Voltage (Vs) = (Issc X (Is/Ip)) X (Rct + Rwire)
= 21.2 Volt

Vs <= Vk/2
Vs <= 224/2

Vs <= 112 \ CT Knee Point Voltage is OK

REF, Knee Point Voltage, Stablising Resistor Metrosil

Oasis Techno Engineers Pvt. Ltd. 06 MVA Transformer
Page 3 of 6
 Project HV Side of Transformer

Title Setting Calculation For High Impedance REF With Siemens - 7SR242 Relay

6.0 Calculation of Relay Setting

Typically Primary Operated Current (POC) : 10% to 25% of Rated current

POC -- Range : 28A 69A

Considered Primary Out of Balance Current (POC) : 48 Ampere POC

Calculated Relay Setting (Is) : 0.07 Ampere Is = (POC x T) - (3 x Im)

7.0 Calculation of Stabilizing Resistor

The proper value of stabilizing Resistor Rstab is required to ensure stability during through-faults and is calculated by using the stability voltage and
the pickup current setting of the relay Is
Burden of REF Relay : 0.3 VA Rburden (From Relay Data Sheet)

Stabilizing Resistor : 239.77 W Rstab= (Vs/Is) - ((Rburden)/ (Is^2))

Power Rating of Stabilizing Resistor : 1.88 W Pstab = (Vs)^2 / (Rstab)

8.0 Metrosil Calcualtion

In some applications of high impedance relays for protection and control duties, the maximum internal fault current can develop high voltages that
can damage the relay insulation.

A range of Metrosil non-linear resistors, mainly based on 75 mm diameter discs, has been developed to limit this voltage to a safe level.

Correct Metrosil selection ensures that the best protection is obtained while maintaining a Metrosil leakage current low enough to have negligible
effect on the accuracy of the relay at its maximum setting voltage.

The Metrosil chosen depends on the relay setting voltage and the maximum secondary internal fault current. Single disc Metrosils are suitable for
secondary internal fault currents up to 50A rms. Metrosils with multiple discs connected in parallel are used for larger fault currents.

9.0 Summary of Results

Designed Knee Point of CT : 224 Volt is OK as per Stablising Voltage

Proposed REF Setting : 0.07 Ampere Secondary

Stabilizing Resistor : 240 Ohm & 2 Watt - Contineous

Metrosil Details : Single Metrosil Disc Units;

Diameter : 75 mm;

Constant C : 450;
Short Time Power Rating : 5303 Watt;

REF, Knee Point Voltage, Stablising Resistor Metrosil

Oasis Techno Engineers Pvt. Ltd. 06 MVA Transformer
Page 4 of 6
 Project Factory Building At Ranjangaon, Maharastra

Title Setting Calculation For High Impedance REF With Siemens - 7SR242 Relay

1.0 Objective
This document is intended to calculate the "Stabilizing Resistor" and to investigate requirement of Varistor and "Metrosil" for High Impedance relays
used in REF Circuit.

2.0 Transformer Details

Transformer Rating : 8 MVA

Voltage Rating : Star Side : 11 KV

Current Rating : Star Side : 420 Ampere

% Impedance : 7.15 %

Through Fault Currentof Transformer (Issc) : 5873 Ampere Issc

3.0 CT Details
CT Primary Nominal Current : 500 Ip

CT Secondary Nominal Current : 5 Is

Internal Burden of CT : 0.5 Rct

Knee Point Voltage : 310 Vk

Magnetising Current of CT : 60 mA Im @ Vk
Turn Ratio : 0.01 T

4.0 Cable burden Calculation

The cable burden is calculated by the single length, the cross section, the specific resistivity for copper and an effective factor (Kwire) for the wire
length. This factor kwire is 2 if the return wire is to be considered.

Wire Length in Meter : 10 Meter Iwire

Cross Section Area of Wire : 2.5 Sq. mm. Awire
Specific Resistivity of Wire : 1.72E-08 r
Calculated Resistance of Wire : 0.07 W Rwire = (Kwire X r X Iwire) / Awire

5.0 Calculation of Stability Voltage

Stability Voltage (Vs) = (Issc X (Is/Ip)) X (Rct + Rwire)
= 33.4 Volt

Vs <= Vk/2
Vs <= 310/2

Vs <= 155 \ CT Knee Point Voltage is OK

REF, Knee Point Voltage, Stablising Resistor Metrosil

Oasis Techno Engineers Pvt. Ltd. 08 MVA Transformer
Page 5 of 6
 Project Factory Building At Ranjangaon, Maharastra

Title Setting Calculation For High Impedance REF With Siemens - 7SR242 Relay

6.0 Calculation of Relay Setting

Typically Primary Operated Current (POC) : 10% to 25% of Rated current

POC -- Range : 42A 105A

Considered Primary Out of Balance Current (POC) : 73 Ampere POC

Calculated Relay Setting (Is) : 0.55 Ampere Is = (POC x T) - (3 x Im)

7.0 Calculation of Stabilizing Resistor

The proper value of stabilizing Resistor Rstab is required to ensure stability during through-faults and is calculated by using the stability voltage and
the pickup current setting of the relay Is
Burden of REF Relay : 0.3 VA Rburden (Relay Data Sheet)

Stabilizing Resistor : 59.23 W Rstab= (Vs/Is) - ((Rburden)/ (Is^2))

Power Rating of Stabilizing Resistor : 18.84 W Pstab = (Vs)^2 / (Rstab)

8.0 Metrosil Calcualtion

In some applications of high impedance relays for protection and control duties, the maximum internal fault current can develop high voltages that
can damage the relay insulation.

A range of Metrosil non-linear resistors, mainly based on 75 mm diameter discs, has been developed to limit this voltage to a safe level.

Correct Metrosil selection ensures that the best protection is obtained while maintaining a Metrosil leakage current low enough to have negligible
effect on the accuracy of the relay at its maximum setting voltage.

The Metrosil chosen depends on the relay setting voltage and the maximum secondary internal fault current. Single disc Metrosils are suitable for
secondary internal fault currents up to 50A rms. Metrosils with multiple discs connected in parallel are used for larger fault currents.

9.0 Summary of Results

Designed Knee Point of CT : 310 Volt is OK as per Stablising Voltage

Proposed REF Setting : 0.55 Ampere Secondary

Stabilizing Resistor : 59 Ohm & 19 Watt - Contineous

Metrosil Details : Single Metrosil Disc Units;

Diameter : 75 mm;

Constant C : 450;
Short Time Power Rating : 5303 Watt;

REF, Knee Point Voltage, Stablising Resistor Metrosil

Oasis Techno Engineers Pvt. Ltd. 08 MVA Transformer
Page 6 of 6