SINGAPORE NATIONAL ACADEMY

School Year 2021 – 2022

WORKSHEET
YEAR 11 – Term 2

Name: __________________________________ Score: _________________

Section: _________________________________ Date : _________________

1. A weight of 120 kN is placed on top of metal column. The length of the column is compressed by
0.25 mm. The column obeys Hooke’s law when compressed.
How much energy is stored in the compressed column?
A. 15 J B. 30 J C. 12 kJ D. 30 kJ
[ ]

2. The Young modulus of steel is twice that of copper.

A 50 cm length of copper wire of diameter 2.0 mm is joined to a 50 cm length of steel wire of
diameter 1.0 mm, making a combination wire of length 1.0 m, as shown.

[ ]
3. When white sugar granules are heated, they melt. When the melt is cooled quickly, a brittle solid
form of toffee is produced. How does the structure of the sugar change?

A. amorphous to polymeric
B. crystalline to amorphous
C. crystalline to polymeric
D. polymeric to amorphous
[ ]

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4. Two wires X and Y are made of different metals. The Young modulus of wire X is twice that of wire
Y. The diameter of wire X is half that of wire Y.

The wires are extended with the same strain and obey Hooke’s law.

[ ]

5. A metal wire is stretched by a load. The force-extension graph is shown.

What is represented by the area under the whole graph?

A. the change in gravitational potential energy of the wire

B. the energy that would be released from the wire if the final load was removed
C. the energy transferred into heat energy in the wire
D. the work done in stretching the wire
[ ]

6. What is meant by the ultimate tensile stress of a material?

A. the maximum force that can be applied to a bar of the material before it bends
B. the maximum inter-atomic force before the atomic bonds of the material break
C. the maximum stretching force per unit cross-sectional area before the material breaks
D. the maximum force in a wire of the material before it breaks
[ ]

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7. The Young modulus of the material of wire is to be found. The Young modulus E is given by the
equation below.

The wire is extended by a known force and the following measurements are made.

Which measurement has the largest effect on the uncertainty in the values of the calculated Young
modulus?

Measurement Symbol Value

A Length of wire before force applied L 2.043 ± 0.002 m
B Diameter of wire d 0.54 ± 0.02 m
C Force applied F 19.62 ± 0.01 m
D Extension of wire with force applied x 5.2 ± 0.2 m
[ ]

8. The diagram shows two liquids, labelled P and Q, which do not mix. The liquids are in equilibrium in
an open U-tube.

[ ]

9. A lift is supported by two steel cables each of length 20 m.

Each of the cables consists of 100 parallel steel wires each wire of cross-sectional area 3.2 x 10-6 m2.
The Young modulus of steel is 2.1 x 1011 Nm-2.
Which distance does the lift move downward when a man of mass 70 kg steps into it?

A. 0.010mm B. 0.020mm C. 0.10 mm D. 0.20mm

[ ]
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10. The graph shows the behaviour of a sample of a metal when it is stretched until it starts to undergo
plastic deformation.

What is the total work done in stretching the sample from zero to 12.0 mm extension? Simplify the
calculation by treating the curve XY as a straight line.

A. 3.30 J B. 3.55 J C. 3.60 J D. 6.60 J

[ ]

11. Two springs, one with spring constant k1 = 4kNm-1 and the other with spring constant k2 = 2kNm-1,
are connected as shown.

What is the total extension of the springs when supporting a load of 80 N?

A. 1.3 cm B. 4 cm C. 6 cm D. 60 cm
[ ]

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12. A metal wire, fixed at one end, has length l and cross-sectional area A. The wire extends a distance e
when mass m is hung from the other end of the wire. What is an expression for the Young Modulus E
of the metal?

[ ]
–1
13. A spring has a spring constant of 6.0 N cm . It is joined to another spring whose spring constant is
4.0 N cm–1. A load of 80 N is suspended from this composite spring.

What is the extension of this composite spring?

A. 8.0 cm B. 16 cm C. 17 cm D. 33 cm
[ ]
14. The graph shows the extension of a sample of a type of rubber as different loads F are applied and
then gradually removed.

What is the best estimate of the strain energy in the rubber when a load of 80 N is applied?

A. 0.40 J B. 0.64 J C. 0.88 J D. 1.3 J

[ ]

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15. (a) Define
a. Young Modulus

___________________________________________________________________ [1]

b. Stress

____________________________________________________________________ [1]

c. Strain

____________________________________________________________________ [1]

(b) The Young modulus of the metal of wire is 0.17 TPa. The cross-sectional area of the wire is
0.18 mm2.
The wire is extended by a force F. This causes the length of wire to be increases by 0.095%.
Calculate

(i) the stress,

stress = _______________________ Pa [4]

(ii) the force F.

F = ____________________________ N [2]
[Total 9]

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16. The variation with extension x of the force F acting on a spring is shown in Fig. 3.1.

Fig. 3.1

The spring of unstretched length 0.40 m has one end attached to a fixed point, as shown in Fig. 3.2.

A block of weight 2.5 N is then attached to the spring. The block is then released and begins to
move downwards. At one instant, as the block is continuing to move downwards, the spring has a
length of 0.72 m, as shown in Fig. 3.3.

Assume that the air resistance and the mass of the spring are both negligible.

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(a) For the change in length of the spring from 0.40 m to 0.72 m:

(i) use Fig. 3.1 to show that the increase in elastic potential energy of the spring is 0.64 J

[2]
(ii) calculate the decrease in gravitational potential energy of the block of weight 2.5 N.

decrease in potential energy = ....................................................... J [2]

(b) Use the information in (a)(i) and your answer in (a)(ii) to determine, for the instant when the
length of the spring is 0.72 m:

(i) the kinetic energy of the block

kinetic energy = ....................................................... J [1]

(ii) the speed of the block.

speed = ................................................ m s−1 [2]

[Total: 7]

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17. (a) Define the Young modulus.

...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) The Young modulus of steel is 1.9 × 1011 Pa. The Young modulus of copper is 1.2 × 1011 Pa.
A steel wire and a copper wire each have the same cross-sectional area and length. The two
wires are each extended by equal forces.

(i) Use the definition of the Young modulus to determine the ratio

extension of the copper wire

extension of the steel wire

ratio = ...........................................................[3]

(ii) The two wires are each extended by a force. Both wires obey Hooke’s law.

On Fig. 3.1, sketch a graph for each wire to show the variation with extension of the force.

Label the line for steel with the letter S and the line for copper with the letter C.

Fig. 3.1

[1]
[Total: 5]

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