:CONTENT

 INTRODUCTION & HISTORY…………………………….2

 OIL RESERVE & PRODUCTION…………………………5
 OIL CONSUMPTION & EXPORT………………………11
 OIL PIPELINES……………………………………….......15
 GAS RESERVE & PRODUCTION…………………….…18
 GAS CONSUMPTION & EXPORT……………………….23
 GAS PIPELINES……………………….…………………25
 REFINERIES ……………………………………….….…27
 FUTURE POTENTIAL……………………………………29

 REFERENCES……………………...………30
 Africa Oil & Gas Industry

INTRODUCTION:

 Africa, second largest of Earth’s continents, covering

23% of the world’s total land area and containing 13% of
the world’s population and is expected to grow further to
more than 17% by 2020.
 Africa straddles the equator and most of its area lies
within the tropics, and it is bounded by the Atlantic
Ocean on the west, the Indian Ocean and red sea on the
east, and the Mediterranean Sea in the north, in the
northeastern corner of the continent Africa is connected
with Asia by the Sinai Peninsula.
 Further north lie the countries of the Horn of Africa and
the source of the longest river in the world, the Nile
River, which flows northwards over 6690 Km to end in
the Mediterranean Sea.
 Africa is comprised of numerous ethnic and
linguistic groups, estimates of the number of languages
range from 700 to 3,000. Major languages, in terms of
the number of speakers.
 Africa has an enormous reservoir of natural and human
resources, besides oil and diamonds Africa is the
continent that has almost all the world's reserves of the
scarcest and most precious minerals.

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HISTORY:

 In the late 19th century, European powers seized

and colonized virtually all of Africa.
 Through slow reform, most of Africa won
independence in the 1950s and 1960s; independent
Africa inherited from colonization a weak position
in the global economy, underdeveloped
communication and transportation systems.
 Africa contain great amount of oil & gas reserves
That had been discovered long time ago in its
countries, and here we can mention:
 Egypt oil exploration began in the 1860s and the
first field was discovered in 1869.
 Algeria's first exploration was granted in 1952.
 Oil exploration in Libya began in 1955 and the
first oil fields were discovered in 1959.
 Nigeria In the late 1960s, the discovery of
petroleum in commercial quantities.
 Some of Africa hydrocarbons producer countries
are full members in the (OEPC), which means, that
the hydrocarbons production is the first source of
there income, such as: Libya, Nigeria and Algeria.

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CRUDE OIL RESERVE:

 Africa’s proven oil reserve is about (114 B bbls) in

2006.
1300

1200

1100

1000
OIL RESERVE B(BBLS)

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
year
the rest of the world reserve
africa oil reserve curve

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 Africa chares with about (8.9%) of the world‘s

proven oil reserve at the end of the 2007.
10
re s e rv e p e rc e n ta g e

0
1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008
year

africa reserve percentage

 Libya, Nigeria, Algeria, Angola and Egypt (in order)

are the top countries that contain oil reserve
 With Libya 39% plus Nigeria 35% about the (75%)
of the continent's oil reserve.
COUNTRY 2005 2006 2007
LIBYA 39 39.126 41.464
NIGERIA 35.255 35.876 36.220
ALGERIA 11.8 11.35 12.25
ANGOLA 5.412 5.412 8
EGYPT 3.7 3.7 3.7
GABON 2.499 2.499 2
CONGO 1.506 1.506 1.6
CHAD 0.9 1.5 1.5
SUDAN 0.503 0.563 5
OTHER 1.049 1.033 2.304
COUNTRIES

(This table shows the reserve of Africa countries)(B bbl)

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 Africa oil reserve had been increased in the

last 6 years, due to the new exploration that
revealed a great amount of oil reserve in
different countries in the continent, like Chad
Sudan & Guinea.

This pie chart shows the percentage share of Africa oil countries in
the continent oil reserve in (2006).

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OIL PRODUCTION:

 Africa produced (10 B bbl/d) of oil in 2005, becoming

the 4th region of the world oil producer.

 The minimum oil production value Africa had reach in

the last 20 years was located in (1981) to be about
(4.7)

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(B bbl/d), and it had remained constant for two years

after.

 This drop in oil production did happened because of

increase in the oil prices and increase the oil
production of the non-OPEC countries, but after that
the oil production in Africa had increased to reach the
maximum value in (2004).

14
P R O D U C T IO N %

12

10

0
1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006
years
Africa production percentage

COUNTRY 2003 2004

NIGERIA 2275 2329
ALGERIA 1611 1676.8
This table LIBYA 1420.5 1515.2 shows the
ANGOLA 902.5 1051.7
EGYPT 618.2 594.4
SUDAN 269.7 342.5
CONGO 246.8 235.5
GABON 241.4 239.1
GUINEA 206.5 371.7
CHAD 36.1 170.6
OTHER 234.2 264.9
COUNTRIES
production of the oil productive countries in Africa in (MBBL/D).
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 the top oil producers countries in Africa in 2004 (in

order) were:
 The previous countries produce about the (64%) of
Africa total oil production.

This pie chart shows the percentage of most oil production countries in
(MBBL/D) in 2004.

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CRUDE OIL CONSUMPTION:

 Africa oil consumption in 2005 was (2.9) MM bbl/d,
butting her during the last order in the world regions.

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 The increase in Africa oil yearly consumption rate in the

last 20 years was very slow (about 0.2 MM bbl/d in every
year) comparing with the rest regions of the world.
4.0

3.6

3.2
c o n s u m p t io n %

2.8

2.4

2.0

1.6

1.2

0.8

0.4

0.0
1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004
years

Africa consumption percentage

 Africa oil consumption percentage was about (3.4%) from

the world oil consumption in (2005).

COUNTRY 2003 2004 2005

EGYPT 566 589 613

SOUTH 484 501 512

AFRICA
LIBYA 252 265 278

ALGERIA 241 251 262

OTHER 896 914 936
COUNTRIES
The next table shows the top oil consumers countries of the continent
in (M BBL/D).

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This pie chart shows the percentage of most oil consumers countries in
(MBBL/D) in 2004.

 At the end of 2005 we can say Africa oil consumes only

(30%) of its produced oil while the rest of the production is
exported.

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CRUDE OIL EXPORT:

Africa‘s top crude oil export countries are: Nigeria

(30%), Algeria (19%), Libya (17%).
Africa oil export percentage had reached (13%)
from the world’s total export with (7836) M bbl/d at
the end of 2004.

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CRUDE OIL PIPELINES:

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LOCATION FROM TO LENGTH

(km)
HASSI MESSAOUD ARZEW 800
HASSI MESSAOUD BEJAIA 656
HASSI MESOUD SKIKDA 640
Algeria IN AMENAS HASSI 624
MESSAOUD
HASSI BERKINE HASSI 288
MESSAOUD
SARIR MINA 514
EL_HARIGA
MESSLA RAS LANUF 477
Libya
WAHA ESSIRA 410
HAMADA ZAWIA 387
AMAL RAS LANUF 272
Egypt Ain Sukhna Sidi Kerir 320
This table shows the major OIL pipelines in Africa.

Chad & Cameroon:

 The project had completed in (2003), which

consists of two primary components, development
of oil fields in Chad’s Doba basin, & the
construction of pipeline and export facilities, plans
currently call for the drilling of 300 wells in the
Chadian oilfields with (0.9 - 1) B bbl of oil
produced over the life of the project (25-30)years.

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 The (1050Km) pipeline runs from the Doba in

Chad to the offshore export terminal located near
Karibi, Cameroon. The Chadian portion of the
pipeline approximately (170Km), the section
through Cameroon (880Km).
 The total cost of this project ($3 -$3.5) billion.

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GAS RESERVE:

 Africa's proven gas reserves have grown strongly

over the past 20 years and in 1995 to be about
222 TCF with potential reserves estimated at 623
TCF in 2010.
6000
5500
gas reserve (TCF)

5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

year
africa gas reserve
rest of the world gas reserve

 50% of the gas in Africa is non-associated gas.

Of the proven non-associated gas reserves in
Africa, (78%) are in Nigeria, with the balance
concentrated in a few other countries - Algeria,
Egypt, Libya, Angola, Mozambique, Namibia
and Tanzania.

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10
9

g a s res e rv e %
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008
year

gas reserve %

 In North Africa, Egypt's proven gas reserves are

estimated at 66 TCF, where Libya has an
estimated 52 TCF of natural gas at the end of
2006.

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GAS PRODUCTION:

 Total gas production in Africa is small in relation

to proven reserves - about 5.7 TCF per annum.
 Algeria accounting for two-thirds of the total
production, Most of this is exported to Europe and
Africa's traditional market for gas.

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6%

p e rc e n ta g e %
5%

4%

3%

2%

1%

0%
1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004

year

Africa gas production percentage

 Most of the gas produced in sub-Saharan Africa is

flared and about 11% used for field operations.
 Inland use of gas is concentrated in 4 countries only -
Nigeria, South Africa, Angola and Gabon.
 This table shows the gas production of Africa by
country (TCF):
COUNTRY 2003 2004
ALGERIA 2.85 2.83
EGYPT 1.085 1.15
NIGERIA 0.717 0.77
LIBYA 0.194 0.285
TUNISIA 0.081 0.085
SOUTH AFRICA 0.081 0.079

ANGOLA 0.023 0.026

GABON 0.003 0.004

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This pie chart shows the percentage of most gas producers countries in
TCF at the end of 2004.

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GAS CONSUMPTION:

100000
90000
80000
70000
gas consumpton(BCF)

60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
year
africa gas consumption
rest of the world gas consumption
g a s c o n s u m p tio n %

3.50

3.00

2.50

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
year

Gas consumption %

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GAS EXPORT:

Africa‘s top gas export countries by pipeline and

LNG are: Algeria (71%), Nigeria (13%), Egypt (8%)
and Libya (5%) in 2005.

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GAS PIPELINES:

This table shows the major GAS pipelines in Africa

NAME FROM TO LENGTH EXPORT CAPACITY

(km) (BCF/Y)at 2005

Transmed Algeria Tunisia 1067 46

Italy 891
Maghreb Algeria Spain 1351 335
Europe Gas Portugal 93
Green Libya Italy 540 159
stream

PROPOSALS GAS PIPELINES:

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SOURCE GAS
NAME CAPACITY(BCF/Y)
OF GAS MARKET
Namibia – South
Under study Under study
south africa Africa
EU
Nigeria-
Niger Delta, ,Nigeria
Algeria 706 - 1059
Nigeria ,Niger
(TSGP)
Alegria.
Egypt,
Jordan,
(Arab Gas Egypt, Syria,
Syria,
Pipeline) 353 Iraq
Lebanon,
EU.

Algeria –
Spain Algeria EU
282.5 - 353
(MEDGAZ)

Algeria –
Italy Algeria EU
282.5-353
(GALSI)

Mozambique
South
- South Mozambique
106 Africa
Africa

REFINING:
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The total active distillation capacity for the

continent is around (3.332) million b/d in 2005,
.which represent (3.8 %) from the world total
The largest refinery in Africa is the Skikda refinery
in Algeria (300Mb/d), the second largest the Ras
Lanuf plant in Libya (220Mb/d). In Sub Saharan
Africa the largest are the Port Harcourt refinery I and
II in Nigeria (210Mb/d).
The major refining centers in Africa are in Egypt
(23.9 %), South Africa (15.6 %), Algeria (14 %),
Nigeria (12.9 %), and Libya (10.5) in 2005.

LOCATION NAME OF THE CAPACITY

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Number of
MAJOR REFINERY )M bbl/Day(
Refineries
Algeria(4) Skikda Refinery 300
Egypt(9) Cairo Refinery 145
Libya(3) Ras lanuf 220
Morocco(2) Samir Refinery 125
Nigeria(4) Port Harcourt Ⅰ&Ⅱ 210
South
Sapref 165
Africa(4)
TOTAL
REFINERIES -- 3,332
(51)

The following table shows the highest capacity refineries per

Country:

FUTURE POTENTIAL:
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As we can notice in the previous paragraphs, Africa

oil and gas exploration is only in the beginning
stages, spatially in the coast and desert areas, which
allow us to say that the oil and gas reserve and the
production of this continent will increase in the next
few years.

REFERENCES:
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BOOK:
.WORLD OIL AND GAS REVIEW 2006

WEB SITE:

 WWW.BP.COM

 WWW.EIA.DOE.GOV

 WWW.MBENDIA.COM

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