Primary Science 2 Student Book

PRIMARY
SCIENCE
2
Student
Book
P U B L I S H I N G
GLOBAL EDUCATION
Juxon House, 100 St. Paul’s Churchyard EC4M 8BU, London, UK
www.globalbridgepublishing.com | info@globalbridgepublishing.com
P U B L I S H I N G
Global Bridge Publishing is a part of Global Education.

© Global Bridge Publishing 2017
All Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or

utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
ISBN 978-1-911533-13-9
9 781911 533139
About the Book
The Global Bridge Science Series has been developed for use in Primary
Science curriculum. The subjects in this book have been arranged in a
graded approach; moving from simple to complex (the constructivist
approach). This book is designed to be student friendly, so that students
develop an enjoyment of science. This book uses colour pictures and
tables to make information clear and easy to remember. All subjects are
explained in simple language, through clear sentences with carefully
drawn illustrations. There are plenty of activities to improve students’
understanding in science. The activities are arranged to engage different
learning styles (such as the multiple-intelligence learning style) and
encourage student-centered learning.
How To Study Science?

1. Study the science topics at home before class.
2. Listen to your teacher carefully.
3. Participate in class discussions. Ask questions to your teacher if you do
not understand.
4. Do science homework regularly.
5. Do not try to memorize all concepts. Understanding the scientific
concepts is important.
6. Participate in science projects.
Contents
Chapter 1 My Body Pages 6-25

A. My Body
B. Five Senses
C. Cleanliness
Chapter 2 Healthy Nutrition Pages 26-49

A. Healthy Life
B. Healthy Food
C. Unhealthy Food
Chapter 3 Inside My Body Pages 50-71

A. Bones and Muscles
B. Heart and Lungs
C. Digestion
Chapter 4 Animals Pages 72-99

A. Classification of Animals
B. Animals and Their Needs
Chapter 5 Plants Pages 100-131

A. Plants
B. Parts of a Plant
Chapter 6 Living Things Need Each Other Pages 132-151

A. Living Things Need Each Other
B. People Need Living Things
Chapter 7 The Sun, the Earth and the Moon Pages 152-167
A. The Sky
B. The Moon
C. Stars
D. The Sun
E. Day and Night
Chapter 8 The Seasons and the Weather Pages 168-181

A. The Seasons and the Weather
Chapter 9 Matter and Materials Pages 182-193

A. What is Matter?
B. Solids, Liquids and Gases
C. Properties of Materials
Chapter 10 Vehicles Around Us Pages 194-214

A. Vehicles Around Us
B. Special Places for Vehicles
C. Traffic Safety
Glossary Pages 215-216

Chapter
Things Around Us
1
In this chapter you will

learn about:
ï Our body
ï Cleanliness
My Body
A My Body
B Five Senses
C Cleanliness
6 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 STUDENT BOOK

A. My Body
Look at the picture and learn the main parts of your body.
HEAD
ARM
BODY
Our body is divided into

three main parts.
These are;
• Head
• Body
• Arms and Legs LEG
Show your main body parts to your friends.
CHAPTER 1 | MY BODY 7
Each part of your body also has a lot of parts. For example
your arms have hands, fingers and elbows.
Look at the picture and point to your body parts.
head
arm neck
finger
shoulder
chest
elbow
stomach
hand
knee
foot leg

Look at the picture below. Name the parts of the little boy's
body.
B. Five Senses
Hello, I a
m a little
I have br scientist.
own hair
I have go and brow
t two ea n eyes.
mouth an r s , a nose and
d two ha a
nds. I am
to have a t hankful
What co healthy b
lour are ody.
your eye
s and ha
ir?

We have five senses. Look at the pictures below and show on your body.
I see with
my eyes. I taste food
with my tongue.
I smell with my
I hear different nose. I like to
sounds with my smell beautiful
ears. flowers.
Skin is a part of our body, it covers all of our body.
I feel the things

touching with my
hands.
Activity - 1

Experiment
You will need
Different fruits, plastic gloves and plates.
Have to make it:

1. Close your eyes. Your partner will put on gloves and give you a piece
of fruit.
2. Touch and smell the fruit. Tell what you feel when you do these things.
Guess the name of fruit.
Activity - 2
It is important to know the parts of our body well. We should understand

what we can do with them. Colour in the figures below according to your
colour of hair and eyes.
Colour your hair. Colour your eyes.
Project Time
Put your hand on a piece of paper. Then, draw your fingers using a pencil. Next,
cut the drawing and colour it in.

Activity - 3
Read the rhyme and then do the actions together.
Head and shoulders
Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees

and toes,
and toes,
and eyes and ears and mouth and nose.
and toes!
Activity - 4
1. Look at the pictures below. Write down the names of the body parts in the
boxes.
2. Look at the pictures below. Which of them is not one of the parts of
arms and legs? Circle the correct answer.
a. b. c.
3. Which body part do you use to run? Write it down.

………………………..………………………..………………………..………....................
4. Which body part do you use to lift school bag? Write it down.
………………………..………………………..………………………..………....................

C. Cleanliness
1. Look at the pictures below. What do you feel about

the schools? Which one is better and cleaner?
We should keep ourselves, our house, and our school clean.
A B
We should help each other to keep the environment clean.
Look at the pictures below. Which activities should we to
do keep clean, neat and tidy? Talk in class
We should wash We should brush We should wash

our face and hands. our teeth. food before eating.
We should cut our We should have We should have

nails. our hair cut. a bath.
Thinking box
Water is very important for us. Look at the
pictures above carefully. How should we use We should be tidy.
water? Tell the class.
Look at the pictures below. Which ones are for body care?
Put a tick () in the correct box.
Chapter Review
Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences.
a. I use my eyes to…………………………
hear smell see touch taste
b. I use my ears to…………………………

c. I use my nose to…………………………
d. I use my tongue to …………………………
e. I use my skin to …………………………
Rearrange the following letters. Find five senses.

gniees …………………………
nghriea …………………………
lesml …………………………
tetas …………………………
chotu …………………………
Chapter Review
Match each organ to the way we use them.
eyes hearing
ears tasting
nose smelling
tongue seeing
skin touching
Compare Alice with David. Circle the correct answers.
Alice David
Alice has (brown / blue) eyes. David has (brown / blue) eyes.
Alice has (short / long) hair. David has (short / long) hair.
Alice has (yellow / brown) hair. David has (yellow / brown) hair.
Chapter Review
The students below are eating lunch.

Put a tick () on the correct behaviour. Put a cross () on
the wrong behaviour.

Chapter Review
Write the words in the puzzle. Then find the hidden word.
h e a r
2.
6.
ACROSS DOWN
1. hear 9. 3. feel
4. taste 5. touch
7. smell Hidden word 7. sense
10. ears 8. look
Chapter Review
Look at the table below. Talk about the " My Body " in class.
MY BODY
Body Parts Five Senses
Head Seeing
Fingers Tasting
Eyes Hearing
Nose Touching
Ears Smelling
Arms
Legs
Mouth
Write down two sentences about the "My Body".
1. ..............................................................................................................................
2. ..............................................................................................................................

Chapter Review
Key Words
Which words do you know? Tick ().
Yes No
sense
nose
ear
eye
skin
elbow
hand
tongue
clean up
nail
wash
Chapter
Things Around Us
2

learn about:
ï Importance of eating
Healthy Nutrition ï Healthy food
ï Unhealthy food
A Healthy Life ï Importance of washing
hands and foods
B Healthy Food
C Unhealthy Food

A. Healthy Life
We need food to grow and

keep our body healthy.
Food gives us energy to live and move

around. Eating food is necessary for our
brain, bones and muscles.
For good health,

it is very important
to eat healthy food.
Fruits and vegetables are healthy.

They are sources of vitamins.
Vitamins make you strong, so you do
not get ill.
CHAPTER 2 | HEALTHY NUTRITION 27

Look at the pictures below. What do you see? Tell in the
class. Which of them are milk products?
M ILK
Milk and milk products are

good for our bones and teeth.

Meat, chicken, fish, egg, milk and milk products help us to grow up.
Fish is good for our brain.
n kmilk
d r i
to
I like uch.
m
very
m uch!
tve r y
i
I like
Brain
I want to grow up and

become healthy.

Bread, honey, rice, pasta give us energy.
We should drink water to keep our body healthy.
I drink enough water every day.
Do not drink
very cold water. 
For good health, eat
every kind of fresh
fruits and vegetables.
Watermelon is rich in water and

vitamins. It also gives us energy.

Activity - 1
Count and write down the number of fruits.
Bunches of grapes: ................ Black raspberry: ....................

Pineapple: ................................ Red raspberry: ......................
Watermelon: ........................... Strawberry: ..............................
Red raspberry Black raspberry
Lemon: ..................................... Green apple: ..........................

Banana .................................... Red apple: ...............................
Apricot: .................................. Orange: ....................................

Activity - 2
Write down the names of the fruits in the boxes. Solve the
puzzle.
1
2
3

O L I V E

4

Solution

B. Healthy Food
Look at the pictures below. Which student has a healthy choice of food?
Put a tick () for healthy choice, put a cross () for unhealthy choice.
Explain your ideas in class.
I eat I eat apple

I drink I eat fast and banana.
chips.
cola. food.

Daily Nutrition
Do you want to do the best at school?

Do you want to be good at sports?
When you are healthy you can do your best. Eating food helps you to
grow and feel good.
What do you like to eat at breakfast, at lunch and at dinner?
I like to eat bread,

cheese, egg and honey
I like to eat meatballs,
for my breakfast. I also
yoghurt, and fruit for
drink milk.
my lunch.
Mariam
d
Ahma
I like to eat rice,

soup, salad, and
Mustafa
fruit for my dinner.

Breakfast
Breakfast is the first meal that we eat in the morning.

If you eat a good breakfast, you will have enough
energy to start the day.
Morning
Breakfast
Breakfast is the golden meal of the day.
We can drink milk and fruit juice, and

eat white cheese, egg, olive, butter,
bread and honey at breakfast.

Lunch
Lunch is the noon time meal. We should not eat

fast food and very oily food at lunch. We can eat
healthy food like soup, meat balls, pasta and or-
ange.
Noon
Dinner
Dinner is the last meal of the day. We should not eat a lot during dinner. We can
eat vegetables and fruits at dinner because they are the source of vitamins.
We can eat beans, yoghurt, salad and apple.
I eat dinner together

with my family.
Evening

Activity - 3
Write down a menu for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Draw their pictures.
Breakfast: ....................................... Lunch: ..............................................
........................................................ ........................................................
........................................................ ........................................................
Draw picture here Draw picture here
Dinner: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
........................................................
........................................................
Draw picture here

C. Unhealthy Food
To have a healthy body, we should always eat

healthy things. Lollies, fries, chips, cola, burgers,
pizzas, fizzy drinks are unhealthy food. They are
harmful for our body health. Unhealthy foods can
make us sick and cause tooth decay.
Tooth decay
Unhealthy foods
are harmful for
our bodies.

Activity - 4
Read the paragraphs and answer the questions.
Zaynab is ill. She has toothache. She eats too much

candies and chocolates.
Younis is also ill. But he has stomach ache.

He eats a lot of chips and drinks too much
cola at lunch meal.
1. Why is Younis ill? What is your advice for him?

...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
2. Why is Zaynab ill? What is your advice for her?

...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
3. How do you treat ill people?

...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................

Activity - 5
Project Time
Look at the poster below. What do you see? Talk about it in the class.
Prepare a poster about healthy eating on a white paper. You can draw pictures
of foods on this paper. You can also write down some information about healthy
eating.
Activity - 6
Look at the pictures below. Discuss which foods are healthy and unhealthy.
Circle the healthy foods.

Washing hands and food
For our health, we should wash our hands before and after eating.
We should also wash food before eating. Why? Tell your ideas in the class.
I wash my hands with soap before and

after eating.
I wash food before eating it.
Activity - 7
Write down in the spaces below healthy food or unhealthy food.
.........................................
.........................................

Chapter Review
Look at the foods on this page and

ROT fill in the blanks to find their names.
Use these words: EAR, MAT,
YOG TERM, AN, ALA, CAR, ON,
NEAP, EAT, RAW, ICKE, HURT.
ST BERRY
CH N
TO O
WA ELON
OR GE
P
S D
ONI
PI PLE

Chapter Review
Match the sentences with the correct pictures.
It is an unhealthy drink.
It is an animal. It gives milk to us.
A vegetable with red colour.
Bees make it. It gives us energy.
�Golden meal� of the day.
It is a milk product.
It is a yellow fruit.
It is good for brain.
Chicken makes it.
It is olive oil.
We should do it before and after

eating. Breakfast

Chapter Review
Read the sentences below. Fill in the spaces with the words from the boxes.
wash
bad golden
gives unhealthy
food healthy fresh
1. Breakfast .................................. you energy.

2. Don't eat a lot of candy. It is ............................. for your teeth.
3. For good health, eat ............................... fruits and vegetables.
4. If we eat healthy ........................, we will grow big and strong.
5. Fries, cola and chips are .................................. foods.
6. Breakfast is the .................................. meal of the day.
7. .................................. your hands before and after eating.
8. Fast food is not ................................. .

Chapter Review
Circle the correct answer.
1. Which one below gives us vitamin?

a. water b. fruit c. air
2. Which one is a healthy food?
a. b. c.
3. Which one is an unhealthy food?
a. b. c.
4. What should we do before and after eating?

a. sleeping b. washing hands c. running
Chapter Review
Look at the table below.

Talk about the “Healthy Nutrition” in class.
Washing hands and

foods before eating
HEALTHY NUTRITION
Unhealthy
Healthy Life Healthy Food Food
Daily Nutrition
Breakfast Lunch Dinner
Write down two sentences about the “Healthy Nutrition”.
1. ..............................................................................................
2. ..............................................................................................

Chapter Review
Yes No
food
nutrition
vitamin
breakfast
lunch meal
dinner meal
energy
healthy food
unhealthy food
fresh food
meal
fruit
vegetable
Chapter
Things Around Us
3

learn about:
ï The skeleton
ï Muscles
INSIDE MY BODY ï
ï
Bones
Lungs
ï Breathing
A Bones and Muscles ï The heart
B Heart and Lungs ï Digestion
C Digestion

A. BONES AND MUSCLES
Stand up, walk around, come back and sit down again.
Which parts of your body do you use to make these movements?
Explain your ideas in class.
If you touch your head, hand, arm and knee, you

feel some hard things inside your body. These
things are bones. Bones make up your skeleton
and support your body.
From your toes to your head,

bones support your body and
give it a shape.
CHAPTER 3 | INSIDE MY BODY 51

The picture below shows a human skeleton. Look at the bones
and point to where they are on your body.
Skull
Rib bones
Arm bones
Backbone / Spine
Hip bone
Hand bones
Thigh bone / Femur
Kneecap
Leg bone
Foot bones

A baby's bones are short and soft. As the
baby grows up, her bones grow and become
longer, harder and stronger.
Bones are under your skin

and you cannot see them,
but if you look at an X- ray
film, you can see the bones
inside your body.

Bones have different functions.
• The skull protects our brain.
• Rib bones protect our heart and lungs.
Lung
Brain
Skull Heart
Rib bones
Rib bones
Heart
Lungs
Activity - 1
Cut out and stick together. Make a skeleton model. Write

down the names of the bones on your model.


When we walk, run, move and sit down; we use our bones and muscles together.
Foot and leg bones help us to Hand and arm bones help us to
walk and run. hold things.
Muscles cover all our bones and give our body its outer shape. Muscles connect
to bones. When we move, we make our muscles move our bones. They work
together!
Neck
muscles
Arm
muscles
Thigh
muscles
Foot
muscles
Muscles cover bones. Leg muscles

Doing physical exercises helps
our bones and muscles become
strong. Students who exercise have
healthier minds and bodies. Doing
exercise improves thinking and
learning. Walking, running, skipping
with a rope, hopping and kicking a
ball are all good exercise for your
bone and muscle development.
Regular exercise, such as bending

and stretching make your body
strong and healthy.
When you do exercise, try to move all your muscles from your head to
your toe.

Activity - 2
Draw your skeleton, brain, lungs and heart inside the diagram
of the body below.

B. Heart and Lungs
Our heart is made up of muscles. It pumps blood

to every part of our body.
Each time our heart beats, it

pumps blood to every part of
our bodies.
When we do exercise, our
heartbeat speeds up. When
we rest, our heartbeat slows
down. Our heart
Blood flows
around our
body.
Our heart is
about the size
of our fist.
fist

Our lungs help us breathe the air we need.
We have two lungs inside our chest. Air

goes in and out of our lungs when we
breathe in and out.
When we breathe in, clean air moves
into our lungs; our lungs fill with air
and get larger. When we breathe out,
dirty air leaves our lungs; our lungs get
smaller.
lungs
clean air
dirty air
Breath in Breath out
Lungs get larger. Lungs get smaller.
Clean air is good for your

health, it opens your mind.

C. DIGESTION
When we bite food, we get it into our mouth. Then we grind

it into smaller pieces with our teeth and swallow it. The food
then travels along the food pipe into our stomach.
In our stomach, food mixes with a liquid and then goes to our
intestines. Small food particles get into our body in blood
moving through our intestines. These food particles are the
source of energy in our body.
Mouth
Food Pipe
Stomach
Intestines

Activity - 3
Write down the names of the digestive organs.
Mouth Stomach Intestines Food Pipe

Chapter Review
Write True (T) or False(F) in the boxes below.
1. We breathe air using our lungs.
2. Our heart does not have any muscles.
3. Our lungs remove clean air from our body.
4. Eating healthy food keeps muscles and bones healthy.
5. Our muscles are connected to our bones.
6. Bones and muscles work together.
7. Food gets into blood in food pipe.

Chapter Review
FOOD Fill in the blanks to find the names

of body organs. Use these words:
NG IN, LET, TEST, PIPE, LU, ART, OD,
MUS, MAC, BONE, BO, SKU.
IN INE
SKE ON
HE
LL
ARM NE
Hello!
BLO
STO H
CLE
SP E
BACK

Chapter Review
Walnuts look like the human brain. They are helpful

for your brain health. People say it is brain food.
Can you help me? How can I get to the walnut?
Our brain has a very special place

in our body.
Think about what would happen if
our brains were inside our chests.
Write down your ideas.
Chapter Review
Complete the sentences below with the correct words

from the box.
bones walk and run hold things stand up
blood heart and lungs leg skull
My rib bones protect My legs help me to My brain is inside my

my ................................... .......................................... ..........................................
.......................................... .......................................... ..........................................
My hands help me to My heart pumps My backbone help me

.......................................... ........................................... to .....................................
.......................................... .......................................... ..........................................
My thigh bone is in my My skeleton is made

.......................................... up of .............................
.......................................... ..........................................

Chapter Review
Part A:
1. What is the name of the tube that goes from the mouth to the stomach?
a. muscle b. food pipe c. stomach
2. Which of the choices below help us to move our bones?

a. muscles b. lungs c. legs
3. Our body digests food and we get ........... from food.

Which one of the choices below completes the sentence correctly?
a. air b. water c. energy
Part B :
A skeleton protects some parts of our body.
For example;.... ( choose 3 answers)
a. brain b. heart c. foot
d. lungs e. skin
Chapter Review
Solve the puzzle below, then find the hidden word.
6.
10.
1.
ACROSS DOWN
2. skeleton 5. muscle
3. support 7. breathe
4. exercise 8. fist
9. bone
Hidden word

Chapter Review
Look at the table below.

Talk about the “Inside My Body” in class.
INSIDE MY BODY


Bones and muscles Heart and lungs Digestion
  
Work together Blood Mouth
 Air Food pipe
Doing exercises
Stomach
Intestines
Write down two sentences about the “Inside My Body”.
1. ........................................................................................................................
2. ......................................................................................................................

Chapter Review
Yes No
bone
skeleton
backbone (spine)
skull
fist
muscle
lungs
heart
blood
food pipe
intestine
stomach

Chapter
Things Around Us
4

learn about:
ï Classification of animals
ï Domestic animals
ï Wild animals
Animals ï Animals and their needs
A Classification of Animals
B Animals and Their Needs

A. Classification of Animals
Do you know how many different kinds of animals are living in

your environment?
Observe the animals living around you. Write down their

names and characteristics. bee
When you do this, try to answer these questions:
Where do they live? chick
How do they move?
Do they have legs, wings?
What do they eat?
Do they have beaks? ant frog
What colour are they?
Do they have fur, feathers or scales?
grasshopper
cat horse
rooster
CHAPTER 4 | ANIMALS 73
There are plenty of animals around us, from tiny animals like insects to larger
animals like elephants. Each animal has a different characteristic.
Look at the pictures below. Can you list the differences between a sheep and
a fish?
Scientists classify animals into 6 different groups. These groups are;
1. Mammals
2. Reptiles
3. Birds
4. Fish
5. Insects
6. Amphibians

1. Mammals
Mammals breathe with lungs. They have fur or hair. They feed their babies
with milk. Cows, sheep, dogs and cats are some examples of mammals.
2. Reptiles
Reptiles have scales, most of them have four legs. These animals crawl
along the ground. Tortoises, chameleons, crocodiles, and lizards are reptiles.
Snakes have no legs but they are also reptiles.
chameleon
lizard
crocodile
tortoise snake
3. Birds
Birds have wings, feathers and beaks. Most birds fly but some birds cannot
fly. Some birds swim on water with the help of their webbed feet.
feather
beak
A duck has webbed feet.
4. Fish
Fish live in the water and breathe with their gills. They don’t have lungs.
They have scales, tail, and fins.
scales
gill
tail fins

5. Insects
Insects are very small animals. They have three
main body parts and six legs. They have moving
parts on their heads called antennae. Most of them
have wings. Insects fly with the help of these wings. ladybird
mosquito
antennae
6. Amphibians
An amphibian can live both on land and in water. Frogs and salamanders are
amphibians.
salamander
Activity - 1
Look at the pictures below. Classify the animals by writing the letter A for
amphibian; R for reptile; M for mammal; B for bird; F for fish; I for insect.

Activity - 2
Look at the ladybirds below. What kind of an animal is the ladybird?

Do they have eyes?
Do they have antennae?
How many legs do they have?
Do they have wings?
Draw a ladybird here.
Activity - 3
An insect has a mouth, two eyes, six legs, two antennae. Some insects may
have two or four wings. Their eyes and antennae are on their heads.
Draw the missing parts of the insect below to complete it.

Activity - 4
The animals below want to introduce themselves to you, but some words are
missing. Use the following words to complete the sentences: amphibian, reptile,
mammal, bird, fish, insect.
I am a
.................
I am an ...............
I am a
.................
I am a ..........
But I can’t
fly.
I am an
.................
I am a I am a
I am a
................. ................. .................
B. Animals and Their Needs
Animals are living things. You may remember that living things need air, food
and water. Animals also need a place to live.
1. Animals Need Air

Animals breathe air at all times like us. Some animals living on land have lungs
and breathe in air. Cats, dogs, chickens, mice, horses, lions and giraffes have
lungs.
Insects get air through tiny holes in their bodies.
Air tubes

Fish get air from water moving through their gills.
gill gill
Some animals that live in the sea,

such as whales and dolphins,
come to the water surface to
breathe air. They also have lungs.
2. Animals Need Water
Water is very important for all animals.

Life is impossible without water.
Most animals get water by drinking. They also get water from the food they
eat. For example, rabbits get water from grass and plants.
Most of the water on Earth's surface is salt water. Animals need to drink fresh
water. Rivers, streams and lakes are sources of fresh water.

3. Animals Need Food
Food is the source of energy for living things. Food is also necessary for growth
and health. Animals get food by eating plants or other animals.
Look at the animals below. What are they eating?
Some animals eat

only plants; they are
plant eaters.
Some animals eat only meat;

they are meat eaters.
Some animals eat both plant

and meat; they are plant and
meat eaters.
Animals get their food in different ways.
An elephant uses its trunk to take leaves from trees.

A goose uses its long beak to pick up fish.
trunk
A chicken uses its beak to eat grain.

Goats and cows use their mouths to eat grass.
A hawk uses its sharp claws to catch a mouse and to eat it.
claws

Activity - 5
Match the following animals with the food they eat.
Activity - 6
Write down under each picture whether it is a " plant " or

" meat " as shown in the examples.
plant meat
The animals below are hungry. What do they want to eat?

Do they eat plant or meat? Draw their food in the clouds.

Activity - 7
The bee is hungry. It wants to eat and make honey. Help the
bee by drawing a path for it to reach the flower.
4. Animals Need Shelter
Animals need a place to rest and sleep, like us. They need protection from the
cold, heat, rain, and danger. So, they need a shelter to live in. Shelters protect
animals from other animals and from hard weather conditions.
Different animals have different kinds of shelters.
Some animals use caves and the shades of trees as shelters.

Bears and foxes shelter in caves.
The shade of trees are natural shelters for monkeys, lions, elephants, and giraffes.

Birds usually make their nests in trees.
A woodpecker makes a hole in a tree to

find insect and a place to live in it.
hive
Bees live in hives
hive
People make shelters for some animals. They live in farms, gardens or houses.
They are domestic animals. Horses, hens, sheep and cows are domestic
animals.
A hen lives in a coop (henhouse). Horses, cows and sheep

live in a barn.
kennel
A domestic dog lives in a Domestic birds live in cages.

kennel (doghouse). It is cruel to put birds in cages.
Ants make holes in the

Domestic fish live in an aquarium. ground to live there.
Activity - 8
Match the following animals with their shelter.
Chapter Review
Find 10 differences between the two pictures.

Chapter Review
Use the words below to fill in the

blanks: ER, HEN, BIRD, PH, MAM,
REP
MAL, IN, HI, SHE, ATE, DO, TILE
HOUSE
ANI
ELE ANT
MAL
LADY
SECT
AMP BIAN
LTER
ME ATER
MESTIC
PLANT EAT
Chapter Review
1. Which one is an amphibian?
a. b. c.
2. Which one is correct?

a. Animals do not need air.
b. Animals need shelter.
c. Animals do not need food.
3. Which one is incorrect?
a.
b.
c.

Chapter Review
13.
DOWN
ACROSS 2. hawk
1. fish 4. air
3. animal 16. 5. bird
6. growing 7. oxygen
9.
12. alive 8. plant
Hidden word
14. shelter 10. eating
15. moving 11. insect
Chapter Review
Look at the table below. Talk about the “ Animals ” in class.
Animals
Animal groups Need
mammals air
birds water
fish food
insects shelter
reptiles
amphibians
Write down two sentences about the “ Animals ”.

1. ..............................................................................................................................
2. ..............................................................................................................................

Chapter Review
Yes No
reptile
shelter
mammal
insect
meat eater
amphibian
plant eater
bird
fish
aquarium
cage
nest
Chapter
Things Around Us
5

learn about:
ï Plant parts
Plants ï Plants’ needs
A Plants
B Parts of a Plant

A. Plants
Read the word list below. Decide which of them is a plant. In

the balloons below, write down the names of things that are
“ plants ” and “ not - plants ”. You can add more “ plant ” names.
Word List: Daisy, sunflower, potato, shoe, pencil, apple, book, sock, fish,
wheat, grass, banana, rose, carrot, eagle, cucumber, tomato, computer, cat,
dog, bird, coconut, spoon, walnut, water, air, lemon, glass, table, corn, pea.
plants not - plants
What do you know about plants? Are they “ living ” or “ non - living ” things?
Talk about them in class.
CHAPTER 5 | PLANTS 101
Which plant parts do you eat? Do you eat fruit? roots?
stems? flowers? or seeds?
Look at the salad below. Which of them are plant parts?

Bring different plants to class. Observe these plants carefully.
What are the differences between the plants?
Take out one plant from its pot. What do you see? Write down your observations.

B. Parts of a Plants
There are six plant parts. These parts are root, stem, leaf,
flower, fruit and seed.
Look at the pictures below. Which plant parts do they have?
flower
leaf stem
root
Apple fruit
Apple flower
Apple seed

Activity - 1
Write down the plant parts.

1. Roots
The root holds the plant in the soil.
root
soil roots
Roots take in water and minerals from the soil and then send
them to the stem.
water water
roots
Some roots contain food. We eat them in our meals.
Carrots and radishes are roots, they grow in the soil.
A carrot is a root. A radish is a root.
A radish root

2. Stem
The stem is the longest part of a plant. It supports
the plant and carries leaves and fruit.
stem
A stem is like a straw. It carries water

and food to all parts of the plant.
straw
stem
A stem carries food

from the leaves to
the other parts of the
plant.
A stem carries water

up to the leaves and
fruit.
3. Leaves
Do you know which part of a plant produces food?
Look at the picture below and talk about it in class.
sun light
water
air
food
The leaves make food for the plant. We can say that leaves are the ‘kitchen’ of
the plant.
Leaves take in air, use water, and produce food under sunlight. This food passes to
the other parts of the plant.
We eat some leaves in our meals. These foods are rich in vitamins.
Celery
Lettuce
Spinach
Green onion
Cabbage

Experiment
You will need
A magnifying glass(magnifier)
How to make it:

1. Go to the garden and observe some leaves with a magnifying
glass. Are there any differences between the leaves? Collect
some leaves and observe them in class.
2. Place some leaves in the empty space below and draw the
pattern of your leaves.

4. Flower
Look at the flowers in the picture. What
are differences between the flowers?
Do they have the same colour? Do
they have the same shape? Do they
have the same size? Talk about them
in class.
Flowers make the environment beautiful.

Different flowers have different shapes,
sizes and colours. Flowers usually produce
a beautiful smell. They attract insects.

Experiment
You will need
A magnifying glass, different flowers
How to make it:

1. Bring different flowers into class. Observe the flowers with a
magnifying glass. What differences are there between them?
Do they smell the same? Do they have the same colour? Do
they have the same shape?
Draw the figure of a flower and colour it in. Write down its name.

5. Fruit
This is a product of a plant that follows the flower. Many flowers grow into fruit.
An orange flower grows into an orange.
A strawberry flower grows into a A watermelon flower grows

strawberry. into a watermelon.
A cucumber flower grows into a cucumber. A bean flower grows into a bean.
Activity - 2
Colour in the plant parts with different colours.

6. Seed
Seeds grow into new plants.
New plant
seed
A bean seed growing into a bean plant.

Planting seeds
Many fruits contain seeds.
Date fruit and date seed.

Cashew fruit and their seeds.
Some flowers contain seeds, like sunflowers.
A sunflower Sunflower seeds

Some kinds of seeds are eatable. Hazelnuts, peanuts and walnut are all seeds
that we eat as nuts.
Black pepper seeds Cocoa fruit and its seeds Cocoa seeds
We use some seeds to make meals like lentils, rice, peas, beans, wheat, corn
and chickpeas.
chickpeas
rice
white green
beans lentils
Lentil meal red

lentils
beans
Rice meal
We use some seeds to produce oils.
Hazelnut oil Sesame oil Sunflower oil

Experiment
You will need
A magnifying glass, different seeds
How to make it:

Bring different seeds in to class. Observe the seeds with a
magnifying glass. What differences are there between them?
Do they have the same size? Do they have the same colour?
Do they have the same shape? Write down your observations.
Draw a picture of some seeds and colour them in. Write down their names.

a. What do plants need?
Plants are different sizes and shapes. Plants can live almost everywhere in the
world. Some plants live in deserts, some of them live in water and some live in
very cold places.
Some plants live in Some plants live in water Some plants live in
deserts very cold places
All plants need air, water and light to survive.
air air
air air
water light air

Experiment
You will need

Some seeds(bean, pea or corn ), 2 pots, soil, water.
How to make it:

1. Fill each pot with soil. Plant one seed in each.
2. Write the date on each pot.
3. Water one of the pots every day. Leave the other pot
without water.
4. Observe the plant as it grows. Take notes about how
your plants grow.
5. Share your results with your friends.
Question:
Do seeds need water to grow?

Chapter Review
Look at the table below. Which plant parts can we eat? Tick
the correct column or columns in the table.
lettuce
Project Time
Grow some plants at home, such as onions, peas, beans, corn or wheat.
Water them every day. Observe how they grow.

Chapter Review
1. Which of the following choices is incorrect?

a. Roots take in water and minerals from the soil.
b. Leaves produce food under sunlight.
c. Flowers make the environment dirty.
2. Which of the choices below is a root?
a. b. c.
3. All plants need air, ………… and light to survive.
Which word below completes the sentence correctly?

a. water b. root c. sun
4. What is the boy in the picture doing?

a. Watering a plant
b. Planting a seed
c. Playing with soil

Chapter Review
5. Match the food to the part of the plant we eat.
1. lettuce fruit a.
2. orange seeds b.
3. carrot leaves c.
4. tomato roots d.
5. cabbage
6. nut
6. Arrange these words to make sentences.

a. things / are/ living / plants
..........................................................................
b. plants/ grow/ new / seeds / from

..........................................................................
c. to / make / use / sunlight / food / leaves

..........................................................................

Chapter Review
7. Fill in the missing letters to complete the names of plant parts below.
Follow the arrows to complete the chart. Draw each part in the boxes.


Chapter Review

blanks: ICK, SEE, PLANT, CUM,
DING
LET, TER, TUCE, GRO, ENTIL,
NEW LI, NIFYING
CU BER
CH PEA
APP REE
ING
WA
LET
SUN GHT
WING
MAG LENS

Chapter Review
8. Letters and plants.

Write down the names of a plant beginning with each letter shown in the
boxes.
The list below should help you. You can also find plant names using a
dictionary.
banana, date, fig, juicy grapes, carrot, lettuce, melon, onion, garlic, potato
apple b cherry d eggplant
f g h j kiwi fruit
m o quince p r
l s tomato wheat
Read the sentences. Write T for True sentences, F for False sentences.
a. A rose has a beautiful smell.
b. Roots contain seeds.
c. Some animals do not eat plants.
d. Plants produce food.
e. All plants have the same kind of leaves.

Chapter Review
Read the poem and talk about seed planting.
My Little Plant
I have a black seed.

Small and happy,
I plant it in the soil.
I water my black seed,

Every morning.
I talk to it,
It listens to me.
As the time passes,

A small green shoot,
Comes up smiling at me.
My small black seed,

Climbs up higher,
One day it changes into a big yellow,
Happy flower.

Chapter Review
Solve the puzzle below, and find the hidden word.
1.
8.
10.
5.
ACROSS DOWN
6.
9. stem 2. flower
1 1 . air Hidden word 3. plant
12. leaves 4. breathe
13. food 7. fruit

Chapter Review
Look at the table below. Talk about the " Plants " in class.
Plants
Have parts Need to survive
Seed Water
Root Air
Stem Light
Leaves
Flower
Fruit
Write down two sentences about the " Plants ".

1. ..............................................................................................................................
2. ..............................................................................................................................

Chapter Review
Yes No
plant
seed
stem
magnifying glass
root
fruit
leaf
flower
soil
new plant
tree
eatable

Chapter
Things Around Us
6

learn about:
Living things need each other ï Why animals and plants
need each other
ï Forests
A Living Things Need Each Other ï Why people need living
things
B People Need Living Things

A. Living Things Need Each Other
Look at the pictures below. What do you see? Talk about

them in class.
Do you see the

grasshopper on Look! I see a caterpillar
the plant? It has moving here! It has many
two long legs! legs!
I think the bee is very hungry.

It is eating breakfast on the
flower!
CHAPTER 6 | LIVING THINGS NEED EACH OTHER 133

a. Humans and animals need plants.
Look at the pictures below. What are the animals doing?
Plants are the main source of food for animals. They give them energy.
Animals need to eat plants to survive.
Plants are also the main source of food for humans. They
give us energy.
Humans eat plants and they get energy and vitamins from plants.
Some animals use plants for shelter. Some birds use plant parts to make their
nests.
b. Some animals help plants

Some animals help plants by improving the soil. Earthworms, ants and moles dig
through soil and open up holes. Fresh air gets to the roots of plants through
these holes.
Ants Earthworms A mole

Bees and
butterflies carry
pollen from
one flower to
another and pollen
help flowers to
reproduce.
All living things need each other,

so they must live together.
c. Forest
A forest is a large living place,
where many kinds of trees and
plants grow.
Forests are rich sources of food.

Forests are living places for many
kinds of animals and plants.
Animals use plants in forests to get food and shelter.

B. People Need Living Things
People depend on plants and animals. We all eat plants and animal products
to survive.
a. Plants in our life
We need plants for many different
things. Some of these are :
- food sources
- making clothes
- making furniture
- making homes
- medicine
- making the environment beautiful
- making paper
- heating Plants make our environment beautiful.
Ô We eat plant parts for food. We drink fruit juices.
Ô We make bread from plant seeds.

Ô We make sewing thread and clothes from plants.
Cotton plant cotton thread cotton shirt
Ô Paper comes from plants. Ô We produce heat from plants.
Ô We use plants to produce medicine and cosmetics.
Medicine Cotton balls Soap Perfume Hand cream
Ô We use plants to make furniture and houses.

b. Animals in our life
We need animals for many different things.
Some of these are:
- food
- making clothes
- making medicine
- transportation
Honey and honey bee
Ô People eat meat, milk products, eggs, and honey. These are animal products.
Milk products
Ô We produce silk from silkworms.
Silk cocoons from a silk worm A silk pillow and a silk tie
Ô We produce wool from sheep.
Balls of wool
wool
A sheep
Ô We produce leather from cows.
cow leather
A cow
Ô Some people use horses, camels and elephants to pull or carry heavy loads.
Ô In very cold countries some people use dogs to pull sledges on snow.
Ô People feed chickens to get eggs and chicken meat.
Ô Some animals, such as cats or fish, are good friends for people at home
as a pet.

Activity - 1
1. Go on a walk around your neighbourhood.

2. Look for plants and animals around you.
3. Record what you find in a table, like the one below (You can add more).
4. Share your findings with your friends.
One example has been done for you.
Plant or animal Where I found it Why it lives there
Example: There are many kinds

On a tree
A bird of food to eat.

Activity - 2
Read the sentences. Write True (T) or False(F).
T/F
a. All living things depend on each other
b. People use plants to make paper.
c. We use animal products to make clothes.
d. All animals live in forests.
e. Lions eat watermelons.
f. Bees carry flower pollens.
g. Many animals need plants for food.
Ô People use some of the living things below for food. Circle them.

Chapter Review
Complete the sentences with words from the boxes below.
handbag
furniture beautiful
living
make food energy
1. We eat fruit to get ............................. and vitamins.

2. Animals are ............................. things.
3. We use trees to make ............................. .
4. If we eat healthy ........................, we will grow big and strong.
5. We plant flowers in our gardens to make the environment
............................. .
6. Plants ............................. their own food.
7. We use some animals’ skin to make ............................. .

Chapter Review
What are the animals doing in the pictures?
Imagine you are an animal. Act out your animal as it moves, feeds and grows.
Draw a picture of your favourite animal.

What does it eat?
How does it move?

Chapter Review

ME DI blanks: WORM, FUR, HOP, ON,
NE
CI, PER, REST, TH, AT, TER, ER,
ENVIR MENT
PA
FO
EAR WORM
HER
LE
BUT FLY
CAT PILLAR
GRASS PER
NITURE
SILK

Chapter Review
THE ANTS
F I N D T H E T ASTY,
TO
W E E T C O R N COBS!
S

Chapter Review

1. Which one is wrong?
a. Animals need plants.
b. Plants need water.
c. Humans do not need plants.
2. Which one of the animals below open holes in the soil to help plant roots
get air?
a. b. c.
3. Animals need …………. to live.

Which of the words below does not complete the sentence above?
a. shelter b. air c. furniture
4. Which of the choices below is not correct?

a. All animals eat both plants and meat.
b. Some animals help flowers to reproduce.
c. The forest is a place with a rich supply of food.
Chapter Review
Solve the puzzle below, then find the hidden words.
6.
16. 4.
9.
ACROSS DOWN
2. fish 1. pet
5. clothes Hidden words 2. field
8. domestic 3. flower
11. tree 7. water
13. forest 10. nut
14. resource 12. berry
15. sunny 17. soil
Chapter Review
Look at the diagram below. Talk about the "Living things need
each other" in class.
Living things need each other
people
need
some animals need need
animals need plants
need
some plants
Write down two sentences about the " Living things need each other ".
1. ..............................................................................................................................
2. ..............................................................................................................................

Chapter Review
Yes No
forest
source
pet
product
skin
wool
leather
silk
bee
earthworm
ant
grasshopper
caterpillar

Chapter
Things Around Us
7

learn about:
ï Heavenly bodies in the Sky
ï The stars, Sun and Moon
The Sun, the Earth and the Moon ï Day and Night
A The Sky
B The Moon
C Stars
D The Sun
E Day and Night

A. The Sky
What do you see in the sky during the daytime?
What do you see in the sky at night-time?
CHAPTER 7 | THE SUN, THE EARTH AND THE MOON 153

There are many things to see in the sky. We can see the Sun, birds, and clouds
in the daytime. We can see airplanes also if there is.
At night, we can see the moon, clouds and stars.

B. The Moon
The Moon is a large object that appears in the sky at night.
It seems to shine, but the Moon does not really give off its own light.
The Moon reflects the sunlight like a mirror.
Moon
Sun Earth

C. Stars
A star is a big ball of hot gases. The hot gases give off light and heat.
Some stars are brighter than

others. This is because they
are bigger and hotter. Stars
may appear to twinkle in the
sky. Stars look like small points
of light in the sky. They look
small because they are far
away.

Some people use telescopes to look at
the sky. A telescope is a device which
helps us to see stars and space objects in Telescopes help us to observe
the sky much closer. space objects.
D. The Sun
The Sun is a star.
It is very hot and
bright. It sends us
light and heat.

E. Day and Night
Each day, the Sun seems to move slowly across the sky from east to west. The
sun does not really move in the sky. It is the Earth that is rotating around itself.
This movement causes day and night.
noon
sunrise sunset
noon
sunrise sunset
The Sun always shines, but we do not see the Sun at all times.
When half of the Earth faces the Sun, it is in daytime.
The other half of the Earth is in dark, it is night-time.
The Earth rotates around itself.
When we are moving around in the daytime, the other side of the Earth is sleeping
through night-time.
Night-time Daytime
heat
and
light

Experiment
You will need
A torch, a globe
Have to make it:

- Place the globe on the table. Turn on the torch, keep the
torch away from the globe.
- Which side is dark? Which side is light?
- Which side is daytime and which side is nighttime?
- Now spin the globe, observe how the dark and light parts
change on the globe?
Draw what you see in the box below.

Activity - 1
Look at the pictures below.

Write down what you see in each picture?
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................

Where is the position of the Sun in the night-time?
Write down about the shape of the Sun, Earth and Moon.
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
Night- time Daytime

Activity - 2
Look at the pictures and match them.
Night-time Daytime
Project Time
Make models of the Earth, star, Sun, Moon and

space shuttle. Display them in class.

Chapter Review

a. The earth rotates around itself.
b. Sun is a star.
c. Earth is a star.
2. When you look at the sky in daytime, which one you cannot see?
a. The Earth
b. The Sun
c. Clouds
3. When you look at the sky in night-time, which one you can see?
a. The Earth
b. The Sun
c. The Moon
4. Which picture shows the sunset?
a. b. c.

Chapter Review
Find 10 differences between the two pictures.
Astronaut Star Planet Moon Car Moon

Chapter Review
6.
7.
3.
ACROSS DOWN
1. Planet 8. Sky
2. Dark Hidden word 9. Night
4. Star 10. Bright
5. Heat 11. Light

Chapter Review
Look at the diagram below and talk about the “ The Sun,
the Earth and the Moon ” in class.
The Sun , the Earth

and the Moon
Moon Earth Sun
day night
Light
and
heat
Look at the table above. Write two sentences about the “ The Sun,
the Earth and the Moon ”.
..............................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................

Chapter Review
Yes No
earth
sky
star
telescope
night
moon
day
sun
space

Chapter
Things Around Us
8

learn about:
ï What causes the seasons
ï What kind of changes
The Seasons and the Weather happen in each season
A The Seasons and the Weather

A. The Seasons and the Weather
There are four seasons in a year. These are winter, spring,
summer and autumn. Talk about what happens in each season.
Spring Summer
Winter Autumn
Write down the seasons under each picture.
...................... ...................... ...................... ......................

CHAPTER 8 | THE SEASONS AND THE WEATHER 169
Temperatures change when seasons change.
Winter Spring
In winter, the weather In spring, the weather

is cold. People wear slowly gets warmer.
thick clothes. It rains Sometimes it rains.
and snows.
Autumn Summer
In autumn, the weather In summer, it is hot and

slowly cools. Sometimes dry. People usually go
it rains and wind blows. on holiday.

1. Winter
Winter is the season that comes after autumn. The
air gets very cold, rains and snows. The people
usually catch cold and flu in the winter. People wear
thick clothes. We should eat fruits like orange,
lemon and tangerine to stay healthy. Winter has
the least hours of daylight.
Wolves are looking for

prey on snow.
Some animals like bears and snakes sleep

(hibernate) during winter.
2. Spring
Spring is the season that comes after winter.
Air, water and soil slowly get warmer and
rainfall increases.
In spring, there are more hours of daylight. The trees

bloom with beautiful flowers. Animals, like bears and
snakes wake up and search for food.

3. Summer
Summer is the season that comes after
spring. Summer has the longest days of the
year. Schools have holidays. The weather slow-
ly gets very hot and dry in the summer. Water-
melon, cherry, grapes, plums are summer fruits.
In summer, people wear thin clothes.
Because we sweat a lot, we should drink
more water.
grape
Think About It
How is summer different from spring?
..................................................................................................................................

4. Autumn (Fall)
The season that comes after summer is autumn.
In autumn, there are fewer hours of daylight. It
usually rains. Air, water and soil get cooler day
by day. Trees lose their leaves. Schools usually
starts in autumn. Some birds move to warmer
places. (Migration)
Think About It
How is fall different from summer?
..................................................................................................................................

Chapter Review
Fill in the blanks with the words in the boxes below.

a. There are ........................... hours in a day. 365
24
b. There are 7 .......................... in a week.
year
c. There are 4 seasons in a ....................... .
d. There are 12 .......................... in a year. days
months
e. There are ....................... days in a year.
Write the names of missing months.
Autumn
................... October ...................
Winter
December ................... ...................
Spring
................... April ...................
Summer
................... ................... August

Chapter Review
Write S for summer or W for winter by each picture.
Choose the right word to complete each sentence.
a. In winter the weather is ..................................................... cold / hot

b. In spring the weather gets ................................................ warmer / cooler
c. In summer the weather is ................................................... cold / hot
d. In autumn the weather gets ............................................... warmer / cooler
e. We go swimming in ............................................................. winter / summer
f. We wear thick coat in ......................................................... winter / summer

Chapter Review

1. Which of the following is true?
a. The air is cold in summer.
b. The air gets warmer in spring day by day.
c. It snows in summer.
2. Which of the following is wrong?

a. There are four seasons in a year.
b. There are 12 months in a year.
c. There are 20 hours in a day.
3. Which one of the following pictures belongs to winter season?

a. b. c.
4. Which month is in autumn season?

a. March b. September c. June
Chapter Review
Write down the name of each season and colour it in.
..................................... .....................................
..................................... .....................................

Chapter Review
ACROSS DOWN
1. spring 5. winter
2. season 6. autumn
3. summer 7. hot
4. month Hidden word 8. daylight
9. cold

Chapter Review
Look at the diagram below. Talk about " The seasons and the
weather " in class.
Autumn (Fall)
Write down two sentences about " The seasons and the weather ".
1. ..............................................................................................................................
2. ..............................................................................................................................

Chapter Review
Yes No
season
time
spring
winter
daylight
summer
fall
autumn
weather

Chapter
9

learn about:
Matter and Materials ï Matter

ï Properties of materials
A What is Matter?
B Solids, Liquids and Gases
C Properties of Materials
182 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2

A. What Is Matter?
Look at the picture below. What do you see? Talk about the
picture in class.
Everything around you is matter. Glass, pencil, water, toys and blocks are matter.
CHAPTER 9 | MATTER AND MATERIALS 183

B. Solids, Liquids and Gases
There are three forms of matter: Solid, liquid and gas.
Solid
Solids are objects like wood, brick, iron, stone and glass.
Liquid
Water, oil, orange juice , tea and milk are liquids.
Gas
Air, steam and cloud are gases.
steam
cloud
air

Activity - 1
Which picture shows a solid, a liquid and a gas? Write S for solid, L for liquid,
and G for gas in the boxes next to each picture.
orange juice chair olive oil
bicycle water air
eraser steam milk

Activity - 2
Write down True (T) or False(F) in the boxes below.
a. Sea is a solid.
b. Pencil is a solid.
c. Milk is a liquid.
d. Sugar is solid.
e. Book is a liquid.
f. Cloud is a gas.
g. Paper is a liquid.
h. Shoe is a solid.
i. Nail is a gas.
j. Lamp is a liquid.

C. Properties of Materials
Material is an object made of matter. What materials do you see around

you? What properties do they have? Talk about them in class.
l Some materials are weak, some of them are strong.
Paper is weak you can fold it, but metal is strong.

You cannot fold an iron nail easily.
l Some materials are light and some of them are heavy.
Pencil is light, but brick is heavy.

l Some materials are soft and some of them are hard.
Wool, cotton are soft but wood is hard.
l Some materials are smooth, and some of them are rough.
The surface of wood and brick are rough. The surface of a tablet
PC is smooth.
l Some materials are transparent, and some of them are opaque.
Glass and nylon are transparent. You can see the other side from a nylon or
glass, but wood is opaque. You cannot see the other side through the wood.

Activity - 3
1. Find four materials around you, and write down their properties in the table
below.
Materials Properties
Example: glass hard, smooth, transparent
1.
2.
3.
4.
2. Match each picture with the words.
opaque transparent

Chapter Review
ACROSS DOWN
1. matter 8. transparent
2. plastic
3. solid Hidden word
4. opaque
5. material
6. hard
7. metal

Chapter Review

1. Which one is not a form of matter?
a. solid b. gas c. metal
2. Which one is not correct?

a. Water is a liquid.
b. Eraser is a solid.
c. Pencil is a gas.

a. Wood is transparent.
b. Metal is opaque.
c. Glass is transparent.
4. Which one has a smooth surface?

a. b. c.

Chapter Review
Look at the table below. Talk about the “ Matter and Materials ”
in class.
MATTER and MATERIALS
Materials Matter
can be has forms

solid
smooth - rough
weak - strong gas
soft - hard
opaque - transparent
solid liquid
light - heavy
Write down two sentences about the " Matter and Materials ".
1. ..............................................................................................................................
2. ..............................................................................................................................

Chapter Review
Which words do you know? Tick (√).
Yes No
opaque
metal
brick
hard
matter
material
solid
liquid
gas
plastic
transparent

Chapter
10

learn about:
ï Vehicles
Vehicles Around Us ï Special places for vehicles
A Vehicles Around Us ï Traffic Rules
B Special Places for Vehicles

C Traffic Safety

A. Vehicles Around Us
How can you go from one place to another? Which vehicles

do people use for transportation? Talk about vehicles in class.
Vehicle is a device to transport people or things. Vehicles are divided into four
groups. These are road vehicles, sea vehicles, railway vehicles, and air vehicles.
A Road Vehicles
Bus : This is a large motor vehicle with many seats to carry people.
City bus
Minibus : This is a small bus with seats for 6 to 25 people.
Car : This is a small motor vehicle with four wheels. It is used for personal or
family transportation.
CHAPTER 10 | VEHICLES AROUND US 195

Truck: This is a large vehicle. It carries large amount of loads long distances.
load
Bicycle: This is a small vehicle with two wheels. It is powered by people.

You ride it by pushing its pedals with your feet
pedal wheel
Motorcycle: This is a fast vehicle with two wheels and a motor.

Motorcycle is similar to a bicycle but larger and heavier than it.
motor
Sea Vehicles
Ship: This is a large sea vehicle. It is used for transporting people or loads.
cargo
cargo ship passenger ship
Water bus (Seabus): This is a sea vehicle which carries people long
distances.
Ferry: This is a kind of boat to carry people and vehicles for a short distance
between two places.

Boat: This is a small vehicle for travelling on water.
speedboat
Sailboat: This is a small boat with sails. It is moved by wind power.
sail
Raft: This is the most simple form of boat. It is powered by people.

Railway Vehicles
Train: This is a railway vehicle which carries people and load long distances.
railway(railroad)
Metro train: This is an underground electric railway system in large cities.
Tramway: This is an electric railroad vehicle which carries people. It goes along
metal tracks in the road for short distances in cities.

Air Vehicles
Airplane (aeroplane): This is a vehicle which flies through the air. It carries
people and heavy objects long distances.
tail
nose
jet engines wing
Helicopter: This is an air vehicle which works by rotors on its top. It can land
and take off vertically and can stay in a place in the air.
Hot air balloon: This is a huge balloon filled with hot air or gas. It can carry
people in a basket hanging under it. It is usually used for sightseeing.

B. Special Places For Vehicles
Some vehicles have special places to stop and move.
Bus stops are places where people get on and off buses.
Harbour is a place where ships and other sea vehicles load and unload.

Airport is a place where airplanes land and take off.
Railroad terminal is the place where trains stop. Passengers get on and off
trains in train terminals.

C. Traffic Safety
Do you know how to cross the road safely? Talk about traffic
safety in class.
Roads are dangerous places for pedestrians. We should be careful when we

cross a road, because a car may hit you. Roads are for cars, buses and trucks,
not for pedestrians.
There are some rules for traffic safety:
Ü Always look for the safest place you can cross a road. Use traffic lights
or pedestrian crossings.
Pedestrian A pedestrian is
a person who is
walking or running
on the road.
Pedestrian
Pedestrian
crossing

Ü Always STOP, LOOK around and LISTEN for any car coming. WAIT until
there is no car passing before you cross a road.
Ü Always look both ways for cars before you cross a road. First look to the
left , then to the right, then to the left again and then cross the road.
Ü If there is an overpass or underpass, cross the road using this way.
Overpass

The traffic lights are used to control the movement of vehicles
on the roads.
Ü When the red man is lit up, we should stop

and wait. We should wait for the green man lit STOP
up before crossing the road.
WALK
Ü Traffic police control the traffic on roads. They help people to be safe on
the road.
I work for your

traffic safety
on roads.
Traffic police

Activity - 1
Read the poem and talk about traffic safety.
Stop! Look! and Listen!

Stop, look and listen, Stop! Look!
and Listen!
Before you cross the street.
First use your eyes,
Then use your ears,
Before you use your feet.
The red light always says to �STOP�.
The green light tells you to �GO�.
The yellow light says to be �CAREFUL�.
These are important rules to know!
STOP WAIT GO
Project Time
Use coloured papers, play dough or other coloured materials and make
traffic light models. Display your models in class.

Activity - 2
Look at the pictures below and talk about the wrong behaviours
of the students.
Roads are not play grounds!

Do not play on the roads!

Chapter Review

1. When the …………… light is lit up, you should cross the road.
a. b. c.
2. Sea vehicles use …………… to stop or move.

a. harbour b. airport c. bus stop
3. A train is a vehicle which uses …………….……. .
a. air b. railway c. road
4. Which of the pictures below is a sea vehicle?

a. b. c.

Chapter Review
Choose the correct route for the vehicles below and write
down the names of their destinations.
bus stop
harbour
airport
railroad
terminal
.................. ..................
..................
..................
Chapter Review

Write down A for air vehicles, RL for railway vehicles, R for road vehicles
and S for sea vehicles.

Chapter Review
Read the sentences. Write down in boxes True (T) or False (F).
T/F
a. A car is a sea vehicle.
b. We should cross the road when the green light is lit up.
c. Airplanes use airports for landing and takeoff.
d. A ferry is a railway vehicle.
e. A motorcycle is an air vehicle.
f. A raft is a sea vehicle.
Look at the picture below. Explain why some cars are stopping and others crossing?

Chapter Review
2.
6.
4.
7.
ACROSS Hidden word DOWN

1. vehicle 5. airway
3. metro 8. ferry

Chapter Review
Look at the table below. Talk about the �Vehicles� in class.
VEHICLES
Road Sea Air Railway

Vehicles Vehicles Vehicles Vehicles
Car Ship Aircraft Train

Bus Raft Helicopter Metro
Minibus Boat Hot Air Tramway
Balloon
Truck Sailboat
Bicycle Ferry
Motorcycle
Write down two sentences about the �Vehicles�.
1. ........................................................................................................
2. ........................................................................................................

Chapter Review
Yes No
car
vehicle
motorcycle
overpass
harbour
airport
ferry
train
bicycle
metro
raft
raft

Glossary
Air Mixture of gases around the Earth, that we breathe.
Animal A living creature such as a dog or cat.
One of the two long thin parts of your body between your
Arm
shoulders and your hands.
The season between summer and winter, when leaves change
Autumn
colour and the weather becomes cooler.
Domestic Relating to family relationships and life at home.
One of the body parts on either side of your head that you hear
Ear
with.
Earth The planet that we live on.
Eye One of the two parts of the body that you use to see with.
A coloured or white part of a plant or tree, it is produced before
Flower
fruit or seeds.
Food Things that people and animals eat, such as vegetables or meat.
If living things grow, they increase in size and develop in a natural
Grow
way.
Head The top part of your body that includes your face.
Healthy Good for your body.
Human A person.
Land An area of ground, especially when used for farming or building.
One of the flat green parts of a plant that are joined to its
Leaf
branches.
The energy from the sun, a flame, a lamp etc. that allows you to
Light
see things.
A substance that is not a solid or a gas, for example water or
Liquid
milk.
Living Alive.
Matter A substance, a material or anything which has mass or volume.
Mouth The part of your face which you use for speaking or eating.
GLOSSARY 215
Move To change from one place or position to another.
The dark part of the day when the sun cannot be seen, and when
Night
most people sleep.
Non-living Not alive.
Nose The part of your face which you use for smelling or breathing.
Planet A very large round object in space that moves around the Sun.
Plant A living thing that has leaves, a stem and roots.
Root The part of a plant or tree that grows under the ground.
Each of the four periods of a year; for example: spring, summer,
Season
autumn or winter.
A small, hard object produced by plants, from which a new plant
Seed
of the same kind grows.
The space above the Earth where clouds and the Sun and stars
Sky
appear.
Solid Hard or firm, with a fixed shape, not a liquid or gas.
The amount of an area, room, container etc. that is empty or
Space
available to be used.
The season between winter and summer when leaves and flowers
Spring
appear.
A large ball of burning gas in space that can be seen at night, as
Star
a point of light in the sky.
Stem The long, thin part of a plant, from which branches grow.
A season of the year when the Sun is hottest and the days are
Summer
longest, between spring and autumn.
The large bright object in the sky that gives us light and heat,
Sun
and around which the Earth moves.
The clear liquid without colour, smell, or taste that falls as rain
Water
and that is used for drinking and washing.
The season after autumn and before spring, when the weather is
Winter
coldest.

Primary Science 2 Student Book

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Primary Science 2 Student Book

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Primary Science 2 Student Book

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PRIMARY

Global Bridge Publishing is a part of Global Education.

All Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or

How To Study Science?

Chapter 1 My Body Pages 6-25

Chapter 2 Healthy Nutrition Pages 26-49

Chapter 3 Inside My Body Pages 50-71

Chapter 4 Animals Pages 72-99

Chapter 5 Plants Pages 100-131

Chapter 6 Living Things Need Each Other Pages 132-151

Chapter 8 The Seasons and the Weather Pages 168-181

Chapter 9 Matter and Materials Pages 182-193

Chapter 10 Vehicles Around Us Pages 194-214

Glossary Pages 215-216

In this chapter you will

6 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 STUDENT BOOK

Our body is divided into

Show your main body parts to your friends.

8 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 STUDENT BOOK

10 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 STUDENT BOOK

Skin is a part of our body, it covers all of our body.

I feel the things

12 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 STUDENT BOOK

You will need

Different fruits, plastic gloves and plates.

Have to make it:

It is important to know the parts of our body well. We should understand

Colour your hair. Colour your eyes.

14 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 STUDENT BOOK

Read the rhyme and then do the actions together.

Head and shoulders

Head, shoulders, knees and toes, knees

3. Which body part do you use to run? Write it down.

16 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 STUDENT BOOK

1. Look at the pictures below. What do you feel about

We should keep ourselves, our house, and our school clean.

We should help each other to keep the environment clean.

We should wash We should brush We should wash

We should cut our We should have We should have

hear smell see touch taste

b. I use my ears to…………………………

c. I use my nose to…………………………

hear smell see touch taste

d. I use my tongue to …………………………

hear smell see touch taste

e. I use my skin to …………………………

hear smell see touch taste

Rearrange the following letters. Find five senses.

Compare Alice with David. Circle the correct answers.

The students below are eating lunch.

22 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 STUDENT BOOK

Body Parts Five Senses

Write down two sentences about the "My Body".

24 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 STUDENT BOOK

In this chapter you will

26 PRIMARY SCIENCE 2 STUDENT BOOK

We need food to grow and

Food gives us energy to live and move