Copyright © 2012 JOVIC G.

RULLEPA
All Rights Reserved
K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016
 Copyright © 2012 JOVIC G. RULLEPA
All Rights Reserved.
K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016
K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016
Objectives:

1. Define an exponential
function; and
2. Identify an exponential
function through its (a)
table of values, (b) graph
and (c) equation.

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

K-12 SHS Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016
Moral of the Story:

“Understanding the value of

small things as a foundation
of doing great things.”

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

 Group Activity

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

 Situation 1:

Shown at the left is a

pattern of “growing”
squares from match
sticks.
1.Study the pattern and draw a picture of the next
likely figure in the pattern.
2.Make a table of values showing the number of
matchsticks on one side of the figure and the
perimeter of the figure.
3.Sketch the graph
No. of matchsticks of the relationship shown in
on one
1 2 3 4 5 6
the table (side
side of the figure length, perimeter)
4.Describe
Perimeter of inthewords
figure the relationship
4 8 12 between the
perimeter and the side of each figure formed.
K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016
 Situation 2:
Shown at the left is a
pattern of “growing”
squares from match
sticks.

1. Study the pattern and draw a picture of the

next likely shape in the pattern.
2. Make a table of values showing the number of
matchsticks on one side of the figure and the
area of the figure in square units.
3.
No. Sketch the graph
of matchsticks of the relationship shown in
on one
1 2 3 4 5 6
sidethe table
of the (side length, area)
figure
4.
AreaDescribe in words the relationship between
of the figure
1 4 9
the area
in square unitsand the side of each figure formed.

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

 Situation 3: Shown at
the left is a pattern
of “growing” squares
from match sticks
where the length of
the side was doubled
every time.
1. Study the pattern and draw a picture of the
next likely shape in the pattern.
2. Make a table of values showing the area of
each square figure in square units.
3. Sketch the graph of the relationship shown in
the
Order of table
square(order
figures of square
1 figure,
2 3 area)
4 5 6
4. Describe in words the relationship between
Area of the figure
the area and the order1of square4 16 figures.
in square units

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

 Discussion
Solution for #1

Solution for #2

Solution for #3

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

 On the story of a chessboard, the
pattern of increasing the number of
wheat grains on each square of a chess
board is presented by the table below:

Number of squares 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8…
128
Number of grains 1 2 4 8 16 32 64
…

Noticed that the number of grains

for each squares can be broken down as
a power of 2.

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

 Order of
No. of grains Breakdown of y as a power of 2
squares
1 1 = 20
2 2 2 =21
3 4 2  2 =22
4 8 2  2  2 =23
5 16 2  2  2  2 =24
6 32 2  2  2  2  2 =25
7 64 2  2  2  2  2  2 =26
8 128 2  2  2  2  2  2  2 =27
: :
64 9.22337 x 1018 2  2  2  2  2  2  …  2 =263
: :
x ∞ 2  2  2  2  …  2 = 2x

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

 The graph of
f(x) = 2 x

x - values -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
f(x) 1/8 1/4 1/2 1 2 4 8 16

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

Definition:
• An exponential function can be
written as
exponent

power
base

• Where b > 0, b  1, and x is any real

numbers

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

 The graph of
f(x) = (1/2)x

The graph of
f(x) = 2x

x-values -3
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
f(x) 8
1/8 4 1/2
1/4 2 1 1/2
2 1/4
4 1/8
8 16
1/16

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

 Important Notes:

We identify exponential function by

a. Table of Values – if there is no equal
differences in terms of y.
b. Graph – if b > 1, the graph is increasing
rapidly to the right and coming
closer and closer to the x-axis to
the left.
- if 0 < b < 1, the graph is increasing
rapidly to the left and coming
closer and closer to the x-axis to
the right.
c. Equation – the variable is on the exponent.

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

Check This Out:
Consider a game
called Tower of Hanoi.

It consists of circular discs of graduated sizes

inserted in one of the three pegs. The problem is to
transfer the discs to any of the other pegs in the
fewest number of possible moves with no bigger
disk placed above a smaller disk and a disks can
only be moved one at a time.
a. Complete the table below.
b. Sketch the graph of the relationship shown on
the table (x,y).
c.Number
Find the relation
of Disks (x) between
1 2 x3and4y. 5 6 7
No. of Moves (y) 1 3 63 127
K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016
 Generalization

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

Application:
1. Determine whether the following
table of values describes an
exponential function or not.
a. x -2 -1 0 1 2 3
f(x) -4 -2 0 2Not exponential
4 6

x 0 1 2 3 4 5
b.
f(x) 1 3 9 27Exponential
81 243

x -2 -1 0 1 2 3
c. f(x) 12 3 0 3Not exponential
12 27

x 0 1 2 3 4 5
d. f(x) 1 4 16 64Exponential
256 1024

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

Application:
2. Determine whether the following
graph is an exponential function or
not.
a. b.

Not exponential Exponential

c. d.

Not exponential Exponential

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

Application:
3. Determine whether the following
function is an exponential function
or not.
a. f(x) = -3x b. f(x) = (-3)x - 3
Exponential Not exponential

c. f(x) = x2 + 1 d. f(x) = 2/x

Not exponential Not exponential

e. f(x) = 4x+3 f. f(x) = 4xx

Exponential Not exponential

g. f(x) = (x-2)-1 h. f(x) = 8(-x)

Not exponential Exponential

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

Evaluation:
1. Tell whether each statement is
True or False.
a. f(x) = 3x2 is an exponential function.
b. If f(x) = 2x, then f(-1) = 2.
c. If f(x) = (1/2)x, then f(-1) = 2.
d. The function f(x) = 1x is an
exponential function.
e. The function f(x) = (-3)x is an
exponential function.

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

Evaluation:
2. Determine whether the given
function represents an exponential
function or not.

a. y – 7 = x3 + 3 b. 5y = 43x
c. 2x–4 = y + 3 d. 3 + 5x+2 = 4y

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

Evaluation:
3. Given the following tables of
ordered pairs. Identify those which
exhibit an exponential trend.
a. x 1 2 3 4 b. x -3 -2 -1 0
y 5 25 125 625 y 6 4 2 0

c. x -1 0 1 2 d. x 1 2 3 4
y -1 0 1 8 y 6 18 54 162

e. x 3 4 5 6 f. x 4 3 2 1
y 1/8 1/16 1/32 1/64 y 16/3 8/3 4/3 2/3

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016

K-12 SHS Math Copyright © by J. G. Rullepa. All rights reserved.2016