SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND NATION-

BUILDING (PART I)
Week 3 and 4

Jaffy F. Bustamante
Department of Environmental Science
College of Science
LESSON OBJECTIVES

1. Define nation-building in the perspective of science and

technology.
2. Discuss the benefits of science and technology to several key
sectors.
 WHAT IS NATION- BUILDING?

According to Stephenson (2005),

nation-building is all about the
process of unifying people within a
state so that the state remains
politically stable and economically
viable.
 Nation-building is intertwined with the processes of
industrialization, urbanization, and social mobilization (Mylonas,
2019).

Industrialization Urbanization Social mobilization

 GOALS OF NATION- BUILDING

The following are the goals of nation-building:

❑ To make a country’s economy firm, viable,

stable, and prosperous.

❑ Encourage a strong sense of national identity.

❑ Create effective social institution

 COMPONENTS OF NATION- BUILDING

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Economic development has been

defined as the process whereby
simple, low-income national
economies are transformed into
modern industrial economies.
 COMPONENTS OF NATION- BUILDING

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Social development is about

uplifting the well-being of every
individual in the society so they
can reach their full potential. The
success of society is related to the
well-being of its citizen
(Government of New Brunswick,
2009).
 COMPONENTS OF NATION- BUILDING

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT

Political development has been

defined as an increase in national
political unity, political
participation, and political
stability.
 COMPONENTS OF NATION- BUILDING

INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Institutional development refers to

the processes that improve the
capacity of a social institutions
(e.g. health, education, religion) to
achieve its goals and objectives.
S&T AND SECTORAL DEVELOPMENT
 ENERGY SECTOR

The use of new technologies such

as solar panel, wind turbines and
generators have improved the
way human harnesses renewable
energy.
 AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

With the used of technologically

produced farm machineries such
as tractors and harvesters, farmers
can efficiently produce more with
less manpower, aiming increased
yield while using lesser inputs.
 FISHERIES SECTOR

Technological innovations offer an

opportunity to improve fisheries
management practices.
Technology also empowers small-
scale fishers generating
information not just on fisheries but
on markets, which allows them to
make better business decisions.
 COMMUNICATION SECTOR

Science and Technology has

greatly improved the sector of
communication. Modern
communication has made instant
using emails, social medias,
phones and videocalls.
 TRANSPORTATION SECTOR

With the use of modern

technologies, people can now get
to more destinations more
efficiently and quickly. For
example, the Japanese bullet
trains can reach a speed of
320km/h.
 MILITARY SECTOR

Information technology, artificial

intelligence and sensors have the
potential to vividly improve all aspects
of future military capabilities. Modeling
and simulation have already made
major contributions to training,
readiness, weapons design, and
acquisition management. Together,
these technologies can significantly
reduce combat losses in lives and
equipment.
 EDUCATION SECTOR

Technological advancement has

greatly changed the sector of
education. Digital simulations and
models can help teachers in
explaining difficult concepts and
can also help students who are
visual or tactile learners to better
understand a specific concept
(Khan, 2019).
 HEALTH SECTOR

The advances in digital healthcare

technologies, such as artificial
intelligence, VR/AR, 3D-printing,
robotics and nanotechnology help
transform unsustainable healthcare
systems into sustainable ones,
equalize the relationship between
medical professionals and patients,
provide cheaper, faster and more
effective solutions for diseases.
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND NATION-
BUILDING (PART II)
Week 3 and 4

Jaffy F. Bustamante
Department of Environmental Science
College of Science
LESSON OBJECTIVES

1. Cite provisions of the Constitution to the science and

technology in the country.
2. Describe the roles of the Department of Science and
Technology and its different attached institutes and
related agencies.
3. Explain how science and technology enables the
attainment of the Philippine Development Plan through a
harmonized research and development agenda.
4. Name some Filipino national scientists and inventors.
 THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES

Article XIV

SECTION 10.

Science and technology are essential for national development and

progress. The State shall give priority to research and development,
invention, innovation, and their utilization; and to science and
technology education, training, and services. It shall support
indigenous, appropriate, and self-reliant scientific and technological
capabilities, and their application to the country’s productive
systems and national life.
 THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES

Article XIV

SECTION 11.

The Congress may provide for incentives, including tax deductions,

to encourage private participation in programs of basic and applied
scientific research. Scholarships, grants-in-aid, or other forms of
incentives shall be provided to deserving science students,
researchers, scientists, inventors, technologists, and specially gifted
citizens.
 THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES

Article XIV

SECTION 12.

The State shall regulate the transfer and promote the adaptation of
technology from all sources for the national benefit. It shall
encourage the widest participation of private groups, local
governments, and community-based organizations in the generation
and utilization of science and technology.
 THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES

Article XIV

SECTION 13.

The State shall protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists,
inventors, artists, and other gifted citizens to their intellectual property
and creations, particularly when beneficial to the people, for such
period as may be provided by law.
 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

The Department of Science and Technology

is the primary science and technology
agency of the Philippines. DOST is
responsible for providing central direction,
leadership, and coordination of all scientific
and technological activities, formulating
activities, programs, and projects to support
national development.
 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

❑ Originally, it was named National Science Development

Board (NSDB) created on June 13, 1958 under the
presidency of Carlos P. Garcia.
❑ Later, it was reorganized as the National Science and
Technology Authority (NSTA) on March 17, 1982 under the
presidency of Ferdinand E. Marcos.
❑ Eventually, it was elevated to cabinet level upon
Executive Order No. 128 by then President Corazon C.
Aquino on January 30, 1987 and was renamed the
Department of Science and Technology.
 DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

DOST is composed of councils and agencies with specific

scope and responsibilities:

❑ Sectoral planning council

❑ Research and development institutes
❑ S&T service institutes
❑ Collegial bodies
❑ Regional offices
❑ Provincial S&T centers
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging

Technology Research and Development (PCIEERD)

Philippine Council for Health Research and

Development (PCHRD)
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and

Natural Resources Research and Development
(PCAARRD)

Advanced Science and Technology Institute (ASTI)

DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI)

Forest Products Research and Development

Institute (FPRDI)
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI)

Metals Industry Research and Development Center

(MIRDC)
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI)

Philippine Textile Research Institute (PTRI)

DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and

Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

(PHIVOLCS)
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

Philippine Science High School System

Science Education Institute (SEI)

DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

Science and Technology Information Institute (STII)

Technology Application and Promotion Institute

(TAPI)
DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY (DOST)

National Academy of Science and Technology

(NAST)

National Research Council of the Philippines

(NCRP)
 AmBisyon Natin 2040: The Vision, Our
Ambition

❑ On October 11, 2016, President Rodrigo R. Duterte signed

Executive Order No. 5, s. 2016 approving and adopting the
25- year long-term vision entitled AmBisyon Natin 2040 as a
guide for development planning.

❑ AmBisyon Natin 2040 is the result of a long-term visioning

process that began under the previous administration in
2015.
 AmBisyon Natin 2040: The Vision, Our
Ambition

Middle-class aspirations

❑ The Filipinos’ vision for the Philippines in 2040 is a prosperous,

predominantly middle-class society where there is equality
of opportunities and poverty has been eradicated.

❑ On the kind of life that they want for themselves, Filipinos

want a life that is strongly rooted, comfortable, and secure:
matatag, maginhawa, at panatag.
 Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2017- 2022

❑ The Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2017-2022 is the first

medium-term plan anchored on the AmBisyon Natin 2040,
consistent with Executive Order No. 5, s. 2016.

❑ The goal of the PDP 2017-2022 is to enable Filipinos to attain

a matatag, maginhawa at panatag na buhay.
 Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2017- 2022

TARGETS

1. The Philippines will be an upper middle-income country by 2022.

2. Growth will be more inclusive as manifested by a lower poverty
incidence in the rural areas, from 30 percent in 2015 to 20 percent in
2022.
3. The Philippines will have a high level of human development by 2022.
4. The unemployment rate will decline from the current 5.5 percent to 3-5
percent in 2022.
5. There will be greater trust in government and in society.
6. Individuals and communities will be more resilient.
7. Filipinos will have greater drive for innovation.
 Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2017- 2022

The Philippine Development Plan (PDP), the present

government’s strategic plan to start-up achieving the
AmBisyon Natin 2040, is anchored on three values:
END OF THE PRESENTATION