Summer Assignment (22-23) -SCIENCE Grade 10

PHYSICS:

1. Identify the device used as a spherical mirror or lens in the following cases, when the
image formed is virtual and erect in each case. (a) Object is placed between the
device and its focus, an image formed is enlarged and behind it. (b) Object is placed
between the focus and device, an image formed is enlarged and on the same side as
that of the object. (c) Object is placed between infinity and device, an image formed
is diminished and between focus and optical centre on the same side as that of the
object. (d) Object is placed between infinity and device, image formed is diminished
and between pole and focus, behind it.
2. Obtain the formula for the focal length of a lens in terms of object distance (u)
and magnification (m)
3. List two possible ways in which a concave mirror can produce a magnified image
of an object placed in front of it. State the difference, if any, between these two
images.
4. A student places a candle flame at a distance of about 60 cm from a convex lens
of focal length 10 cm and focuses the image of the flame on a screen. After that
he gradually moves the flame towards the lens and each time focuses the image
on the screen.
(a) In which direction-towards or away from the lens, does he move the screen to
focus the image?
(b) How does the size of the image change?
(c) How does the intensity of the image change as the flame moves towards the
lens?
(d) Approximately for what distance between the flame and the lens, the image
formed on the screen is inverted and of the same size?
5. (i) “The refractive index of diamond is 2.42”. What is the meaning of this
statement?
(ii) Name a liquid whose mass density is less than that of water, but it is
optically denser than water.
6. Draw the following diagram, in which a ray of light is incident on a
concave/convex mirror, on your answer sheet. Show the path of this ray, after
reflection, in each case.
 7. The image formed by a spherical mirror is real, inverted and is of magnification -
2. If the image is at 30 cm from the mirror, where is the object placed? Find the
focal length of the mirror. List two characteristics of the image formed if the
object is moved 10 cm towards the mirror.
8. a) One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will such a lens
produce an image of the complete object? Support your answer with a ray
diagram.
(b) An object 5 cm high is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length
10 cm.
(i) Draw the ray diagram and
(ii) Calculate the position and size of the image formed.
(iii) What is the nature of the image?
9. Student sitting at the back bench in a class is not able to see what is
written on the blackboard. He, however, sees it clearly when sitting on
the front seat at an approximate distance of 1.5 m from the blackboard.
Draw ray diagrams to illustrate the image formation of the blackboard
when he is seated at the (i) back seat (ii) front seat.
10. (a) What is dispersion of white light? What is the cause of such
dispersion? Draw a diagram to show the dispersion of white light by a
glass prism.
(b) A glass prism is able to produce a spectrum when white light passes
through it, but a glass slab does not produce any spectrum. Explain why
it is so?

BIOLOGY:

1.The following question consist of two statements - Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer
these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

Assertion: In plants there is no CO2 release during the daytime.

Reason: In the daytime, CO2 generated during respiration is used up for photosynthesis.

2. Assertion: Respiration is a biochemical process that is opposite to photosynthesis.

Reason: Respiration breaks down the food and release energy and energy is used up during
photosynthesis to produce complex food.
3. The main function of the ureters is to
a. Control the pressure of urine in urinary bladder
 b. Take urine from kidneys to urinary bladder
c. Filter blood and remove the waste to urine
d. Connect the parts of excretory system

4. The given figure shows the concentrations of glucose and of lactic acid in the athlete’s
blood at the start and at the end of the run. Give evidence from the figure that the athlete
respired anaerobically during the run.

5. How opening and closing of stomata takes place?

6. List out the importance of transpiration in plants.

7. (i)What is the role of the septum of heart?
(ii) Capillaries play an important role in circulation. Describe.
8. (i)Why do arteries have thick walls?
(ii)Why do veins have valves?
9. (i) What are the various waste disposal methods adopted by plants?
(ii) What are the factors on which re absorption of water by the urinary system depends?
(iii) Why is it possible for humans to control the urge to urinate?
10. (i) Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with
respect to their structures and functioning?
(ii) Explain the process by which inhalation occurs during breathing in human beings?

11. (i)What is the advantage if a four chambered heart in warm blooded animals?
(ii) What would be the consequences of deficiency of hemoglobin in your body?

12.(i) Why do our lungs always have a residual volume of air?

(ii) Identify the part of the human respiratory system that is labelled as A.
 a) What is the function of this part of the respiratory sysetm?
b) Mention any two adaptive features that support this part to perfrom this fucntion.
13. (i) “The breathing cycle is rhythmic whereas exchange of gases is a continuous
process”.
Justify this statement.
(ii) What happens if conducting tubes of circulatory system develops a leak? State in
brief,
how could this be avoided?

14. (i) State four difference between autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition.
(ii) Describe how amoeba differs from paramecium with respect to intake of food.
(iii) What is the significance of emulsification of fats?

15. Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.(4 points)

16. (i) Describe the role of gastric gland in digestion.
(ii) Given below is the picture of alimentary canal of two different organisms. Analyze the
given picture and identify A and B.

OPTIONS A B
(i) WOLF DEER
(ii) FOX LION
(iii) DEER RABBIT
(iv) RABBIT TIGER

17. (i)Name the blood vessel that brings oxygenated blood to the human heart.
(ii) Which chamber of the heart received oxygenated blood?
 (iii) State two major functions of lymph. How it is different from blood? ( points)
18. The diagram shows the structure of a nephron and its associated blood supply.

(i) Name the parts A, B, C, D, E and F.

(ii) From which blood vessel is A derived?
(iii) Name the components of the initial filtrate
(iv) Give the part of the nephron in which each of
the following takes place:
1. filtration, 2. reabsorption of amino acids.
(v) Name a group of biomolecules in the blood which
are too large to pass through the filtration system of
the nephron.

19. Name the process by which soluble products of photosynthesis are transported. Name the
components of phloem tissue involved in this process.
20. (i) Given below is a diagram showing a section of the human heart.

Choose the Parts that are labelled as X, Y and Z in the above figure with the apt function
from the given below table.

X Y Z

A Pulmonary Vein (brings Right atrium Right ventricle

deoxygenated blood to lungs)
B Pulmonary artery (brings
deoxygenated blood to heart)
(Chamber that sends blood o
right ventricle)
Left ventricle (Chamber that
sends blood left atrium)
(brings oxygenated blood to
heart)
left ventricle (Pumps
deoxygenated blood to all
parts of the body)
 C Pulmonary Vein (brings
oxygenated blood from lungs
to heart)
D Pulmonary artery
(Takes oxygenated blood to
lungs from heart)
Left atrium (receives
oxygenated blood from lungs)
Right ventricle (receives
oxygenated blood from heart)
Right ventricle
(Pumps deoxygenated blood
to lungs)
Left atrium (Pumps blood to
all parts of the body)

(ii) The correct pathway of blood in circulatory system is

(a) atria → ventricles → arteries → veins
(b) ventricles → atria → veins → arteries
(c) ventricles → veins → arteries → atria
(d) veins → ventricles → atria → arteries

(iii) What is the correct route of blood flow in humans?

CHEMISTRY:

Complete and Balance the following chemical equations :

1. CO2 (g) + H2O(l) →

2. C6H12O6(aq) + O2( g) →

3. S + O2 →

4. C + O2 →

5. Na + O2 →

6. SO3 + H2O →

7. CO2 + H2O →
8. Na2O + H2O →

9. NH3 + HCl →

10. CO + O2 →

11. SO2 + O2 →

∆
12. CaCO3 --→

∆
13. KClO3 --→
∆
14. FeSO4..7H2O ---->

∆
15. Pb(NO3)2 ---->

electricity
16. NaCl --------------->
electricity
17. Al2O3 -------------->
light
18. AgCl ----------->
light
19. AgBr ----------- >

20. CuCl2 + Pb →

21. AgNO3 + Cu →

22. Zn + 2HCl →

23. Mg+ H2SO4 →

24. KI + Cl2 →
25. KBr + Cl2 →

26. BaCl2 + Na2SO4 →

27. AgNO3 + NaCl →

28. BaCl2 + CuSO4 →

29. Pb(NO3)2 + KI →

30. NaOH + HCl →

31. Mg(OH)2 + H2SO4 →

32. CH4 + O2 →

33. Fe + O2 + xH2O →

34. ZnO + HCl →

35. MgO + H2SO4 →

36. Na2CO3 + HCl →

37. NaHCO3 + HCl →

38. NaOH + Zn →

39. Ca(OH)2 + CO2 →

40. CaCO3 + H2O+ CO2

41. CaCO3 + HCl →

42. NaCl +H2O →

43. NaCl + NH3 +CO2 + H2O →

44. NaHCO3 --→

45. Na2CO3 + 10H2O →

46. Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 →

47. CaOCl2 + H2SO4 →

373K

48. CaSO4.2H2O ------→

49. CaSO4. ½H2O + 1½H2O →

373K

50. 2 CaSO4.2H2O ---→